TTA 465 C0U 1102001 A Geotechnical Interpretative Report

Chennai Metro Phase 1 - Contract UAA01
Design and Construction of Un derground Stations and Associated Tunnels
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................2
2. WASHERMANPET STATION (CH=24.70, RL=-11.88) .............................................................4
2.1 Soil Conditions ...................................................................................................................4

2.2 Major Geotechnical Considerations .....................................................................................5
3. BORED TUNNEL BETW EEN WASHERMANP ET AND MANNADI STATION .........................11
4. MANNADI STATION (CH=1676.9, RL= -13.05).......................................................................15
4.1 Soil Conditions .................................................................................................................15

4.2 Major Geotechnical Considerations ...................................................................................16
5. BORED TUNNEL BETW EEN MANNADI AND HIGH COURT STATION .................................22
6. HIGH COURT STATION (CH=2595.7, RL=-13.26) .................................................................25
6.1 Soil Conditions .................................................................................................................25

7. BORED TUNNEL BETW EEN HIGH COURT AND CHENNAI CENTRAL STATION .................31
8. CHENNAI CENTRAL STATI ON (CH=4198.8, RL= -24.48) .....................................................35
8.1 Soil Conditions .................................................................................................................35

9. BORED TUNNEL BETW EEN CHENNAI CENTRAL AND MAY DAY PARK (END OF UAA-01
AT CH5468)................................................................................................................................42
10. PERMANENT ACCESS EGRESS & TEMPORARY LAUNCH BOX AT M AY DAY PARK
(CH=5455, RL= -12.5) ..................................................................................................................45
10.1 Soil Conditions .................................................................................................................45

11. BORED TUNNEL BETW EEN CHENNAI CENTRAL AND EGMORE ..................................51
12. EGM ORE STATION (CH=1386.8, RL= -14.01) ..................................................................55
12.1 Soil Conditions .................................................................................................................55

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

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LIST OF FIGURES
Fig.1-1 Station layout and tunnel alignment of Contract UAA01............................................................. 2

Fig.1-2 (a) Variations of unconfined compressive strength with RQD; and (b) variations of point load
strength I 50 with RQD....................................................................................................................... 3
Fig. 2-1 Site plan of Washermanpet Station........................................................................................ 4

Fig. 2-2 Satellite view of Washermanpet Station site............................................................................ 5
Fig. 2-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at Washermanpet Station ........................ 6
Fig. 2-4 Soil profile from different boreholes at or near Washermanpet Station ........................................ 6
Fig. 2- .................................................. 7
Fig. 2-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at Washermanpet Station............................................ 7
Fig. 2-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at Washermanpet Station............................................. 8
Fig. 2-8 Variations of N corrected for effective stress with elevation at Washermanpet Station................... 8
Fig. 2-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at Washermanpet Station .......................... 9
Fig. 2-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at Washermanpet Station ........................... 9
Fig. 2-11 Variations of moisture content with elevation at Washermanpet Station .................................. 10
Fig. 2-12 Variations of Bulk unit weight with elevation at Washermanpet Station.................................... 10
Fig. 3-1 Site plan and longitudinal section between Washermanpet and Mannadi Station ....................... 11
Fig. 3- .................... 13
Fig. 3-5 Variations of fines content with elevation between Washermanpet and Mannadi Station ............. 13
Fig. 3-6 Variations of clay content with elevation between Washermanpet and Mannadi Station .............. 14
Fig. 4-1 Site plan of Mannadi Station ............................................................................................... 16

Fig. 4-2 Satellite view of Mannadi Station site ................................................................................... 16
Fig. 4-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at Mannadi Station................................ 17
Fig. 4-4 Soil profile from different boreholes at or near Mannadi Station ............................................... 17
Fig. 4- ......................................................... 18
Fig. 4-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at Mannadi Station ................................................... 18
Fig. 4-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at Mannadi Station .................................................... 19
Fig. 4-8 Variations of N corrected for effective stress with elevation at Mannadi Station .......................... 19
Fig. 4-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at Mannadi Station ................................. 20
Fig. 4-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at Mannadi Station................................... 20
Fig. 4-11 Variations of moisture content with elevation at Mannadi Station............................................ 21
Fig. 5-1 Site plan and longitudinal section between Mannadi and High Court Station.............................. 22
Fig. 5-2 Site plan and longitudinal section between Mannadi and High Court Station.............................. 23
Fig. 5- .......................... 23
Fig. 5-4 Variations of fines content with elevation between Mannadi and High Court Station ................... 24
Fig. 5-5 Variations of clay content with elevation between Mannadi and High Court Station .................... 24
Fig. 6-1 Site plan of High Court Station ............................................................................................ 26

Fig. 6-2 Satellite view of High Court Station site ................................................................................ 26
Fig. 6-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at High Court Station............................. 27
Fig. 6-4 Soil profile from different boreholes at or near High Court Station ............................................ 27
Fig. 6- ...................................................... 28
Fig. 6-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at High Court Station ................................................ 28
Fig. 6-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at High Court Station ................................................. 29
Fig. 6-8 Variations of N corrected for effective stress with elevation at High Court Station ....................... 29

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Fig. 6-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at High Court Station .............................. 30
Fig. 6-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at High Court Station............................... 30
Fig. 7-1 Site plan and longitudinal section between High Court and Chennai Central Station ................... 32
Fig. 7- gh Court and Chennai Central Station ............... 33
Fig. 7-5 Variations of fines content with elevation between High Court and Chennai Central Station......... 34
Fig. 7-6 Variations of clay content with elevation between High Court and Chennai Central Station.......... 34
Fig. 8-1 Site plan of Chennai Central Station .................................................................................... 36

Fig. 8-2 Satellite view of Chennai Central Station site ........................................................................ 36
Fig. 8-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at Chennai Central Station ..................... 37
Fig. 8-4 Soil profile from different boreholes at or near Chennai Central Station..................................... 37
Fig. 8- on at Chennai Central Station............................................... 38
Fig. 8-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at Chennai Central Station ........................................ 38
Fig. 8-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at Chennai Central Station ......................................... 39
Fig. 8-8 Variations of N corrected for effective stress with elevation at Chennai Central Station ............... 39
Fig. 8-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at Chennai Central Station ...................... 40
Fig. 8-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at Chennai Central Station....................... 40
Fig. 8-11 Variations of moisture content with elevation at Chennai Central Station ................................. 41
Fig. 9-1 Site plan and longitudinal section between Chennai Central Station and May Day Park .............. 42
Fig. 9-2 Site plan and longitudinal section between Chennai Central Station and May Day Park .............. 43
Fig. 9- .......... 43
Fig. 9-4 Variations of fines content with elevation between Chennai Central Station & May Day Park ....... 44
Fig. 9-5 Variations of clay content with elevation between Chennai Central Station and May Day Park ..... 44
Fig. 10-1 Site plan of May Day Park Egress...................................................................................... 46

Fig. 10-2 Cross-sectional view of May Day Park Egress ..................................................................... 46
Fig. 10-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at May Day Park Egress ...................... 47
Fig. 10-4 Soil profile from different boreholes near May Day Park Egress ............................................. 47
Fig. 10- ................................................ 48
Fig. 10-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at May Day Park Egress ......................................... 48
Fig. 10-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at May Day Park Egress .......................................... 49
Fig. 10-8 Variations of N corrected for effective stress with elevation at May Day Park Egress ................ 49
Fig. 10-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at May Day Park Egress........................ 50
Fig. 10-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at May Day Park Egress ......................... 50
Fig. 11-1 Site plan and longitudinal section between Chennai Central and Egmore Station ..................... 52
Fig. 11- ................. 53
Fig. 11-5 Variations of fines content with elevation between Chennai Central and Egmore Station ........... 54
Fig. 11-6 Variations of clay content with elevation between Chennai Central and Egmore Station ............ 54
Fig. 12-1 Site plan of Egmore Station .............................................................................................. 56

Fig. 12-2 Satellite view of Egmore Station site .................................................................................. 57
Fig. 12-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at Egmore Station ............................... 57
Fig. 12-4 Soil profile from different boreholes at or near Egmore Station............................................... 58
Fig. 12- ......................................................... 58
Fig. 12-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at Egmore Station .................................................. 59
Fig. 12-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at Egmore Station ................................................... 59
Fig. 12-8 Variations of N corrected for effective stress with elevation at Egmore Station ......................... 60

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Fig. 12-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at Egmore Station ................................ 60
Fig. 12-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at Egmore Station .................................. 61
Fig. 12-11 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at Egmore Station .................................. 61

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LIST OF TABLES
Table 2-1 Design soil profile and parameters for Washermanpet Station 5
Table 3-1 Soil conditions at one diameter above and below tunnel for the alignment between
Washermanpet and Mannadi Station 11
Table 4-1 Design soil profile and parameters for northern half of Mannadi Station towards Washermetpet
station based on C1-DH5 15
Table 4-2 Design soil profile and parameters for southern half of Mannadi Station towards High Court
station based on C1-F5 15
Table 5-1 Soil conditions at one diameter above and below tunnel for the alignment between Mannadi and
High Court Station 22
Table 6-1 Design soil profile and parameters for High Court Station 25
Table 7-1 Soil conditions at one diameter above and below tunnel for the alignment between High Court
and Chennai Central Station 31
Table 8-1 Design soil profile and parameters for Chennai Central Station 35
Table 9-1 Soil conditions at one diameter above and below tunnel for the alignment between Chennai
Central and May Day Park (End of UAA0-01 at CH5468) 42
Table 10-1 Design soil profile and parameters for launch box at May Day Park 45
Table 11-1 Soil conditions at one diameter above and below tunnel for the alignment between Chennai
Central and Egmore 51
Table 12-1 Design soil profile and parameters for eastern half of Egmore Station towards Chennai Central
Station based on C2-F1 55
Table 12-2 Design soil profile and parameters for western half of Egmore Station towards Nehru Park
Station (UAA-04) based on C2DH2 55

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LEGENDS
Soil Classification Approx. Soil Description

SP Poorly graded sands, gravelly sands, little or no fines
SM Silty sands, Sand-silt mixures
SC Clayey Sands,Sand-clay mixures
CL Inorganic clays of low to medium plasticity, gravelly clays, sandy clays, silty
clays, lean clays
CH Inorganic clays of high plasticity, fat clays
ML Inorganic silts and very fine sands, rock flour, silty of clayey fine sands or
clayey silts with slight plasticity

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1. INTRODUCTION
This report summariz es the geotec hnical assessment of the soil and rock conditions of Contract UAA -
01 and potential problems which may be encountered during excavation and tunneli ng works. It is
based on the borehole data and lab test results provided in the tender documents.
This contract starts at Approx. CH -82.300 and ends at CH 5468.000 at the May Day Park side and
CH 1500.000 at the E gmore station side as shown in Figure 1-1. It covers approximately 5500 m of
tunneling work plus five stations (Washerm anpet, Mannadi, High Court, Chennai Central and Egm ore)
and a permanent access/egress shaft which also served as a temporary launching shaft at May Day
Park.
The entire site is located within a flood plain. The ground is relatively level varying between + 2.6 m RL
at CH 3000 to +6.0 mRL at CH 5200. The soil deposit is predominantly silty sand interbedded with
layers of silt and clay. For the clayey soil, the available dat a indicate that the undrained shear strength
(c u) can be correlated to the SPT blowcount (N) with c u
or better) is located between 20 to 35 m below the ground surface. It is a granitic rock locally known as
Charnockite. The unconfined compressive strength varies between 20 to 108 MPa as shown in Figure
1-2a. Results of the point load test are pres ented in Figure 1-2b.
For stations, the excavations are mostly in soil except at Chennai Central and Egmore Stations wh ere
the rock level is high. For tunneling with TBM, it will be boring through mostly silty sand up to around
CH 3000. Beyond that point, the tunneling will be in rock or mixed face condition.
The longitudinal geological profile along the entire rail alig nment of this contract is shown in Appendix
A. The das hed line (-------?-------?----------) shown is the estimated demarcation between soil and rock
where the weathering grade of rock is IV or better.
Fig.1-1 Station layout and tunnel alignment of Contract UAA01

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Fig.1-2 (a) Variations of unconfined compressive strength with RQD; and (b) variations of point load
strength I50 with RQD.

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2. WASHERMANPET STATION (CH=24.70, RL=-11.88)
This station is located off the main street and has a c ut -and-cover box for scissors crossing at the end
towards Mannadi Station. It has a length of 312 m and a width of 19 to 22 m at the track level. The
excavation depth is about 19 m. The ground surface elevation is around +3.9 mRL. Figure 2-1 below
shows the site plan and the surroundin g buildings. Figure 2-2 shows a satellite image of the site from
Google. Figure 2-3 shows the boring locations. Locations of additional boreholes to be drilled during
the design phase are also shown on the plan. They are designated as UA01-AFxxxx.
Fig. 2-1 Site plan of Washermanpet Station
2.1 Soil Conditions
There are four boreholes (C1-BH7, C1-F1, C1-DH1 and C1-DH2) at or near t his station. Figure 2-4
shows the soil profil es at these four boreholes. The soil deposit is predominantly dense silty sand
inter-bedded with layers of silt and clay. Figure 2-5 show the variations of SPT blow-count with
elevation. Figures 2-6 and 2-7 show the variations of fines and clay contents with elevation,
respectively. Based on these data, the soil deposit can be broadly divided into three layers upper
sand, intermediated silt and clay and lower sand. Figure 2-8 shows the SPT N-values of sand
corrected for effective overburden pressure. Figures 2-9 and 2-10 show the relative density and friction
angle computed using em pirical correlations with the corrected N -values. Figures 2-11 and 2-12 show
the variations of water content and bulk unit weight with elevation. It should be noted that the
measured values in these two figures may not reflect the true water content and bulk unit weight of the
sandy soils as part of the water in the soil sample might have drained out during sample pr eparation.
The bedrock (grade IV or better) is located at about 30 m below the ground surface. The water table is
about 5.5 m below ground level.

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The recommended design soil profile and parameters based on the available data are summarized in
3
the Table 2-1. The spring constant for base slab design is 13.5 M N/m .
Table 2-1 Design soil profile and parameters for Washermanpet Station
Elev. SPT cu u Eu c' ' E' Ko
o o
(mRL) Soil Type "N" (kPa) ( ) (MPa) (kPa) ( ) (MPa)
+3.9
0 SP 15 - - - 0 38.5 22.5 0.7
-6 SP 30 - - - 0 40 45 0.7
-14 ML/CL 15 75 0 15 - - - 0.7
-24 SM 30 - - - 0 38 45 0.7
-27 SM 100 - - - 0 42 150 1
below
-30 Charnockite IV - - - 800 36 1400 1
2.2 Major Geotechnical Considerations
The upper portion of the bedrock is highly fractured and is likely to be very pervious. The high water
pressure in this material poses potential danger of soil piping, quick condition and blow -out instability.
Fissure grouting may be required to seal the fractures and relief wells to reduce the uplift pressure.
If the retaini ng wall is not water tight or do not extend all the way into rock, there are dangers of piping
and quick condition instability at locations where the soil deposit is cons isted entirely of silty sand
and/or clean sand. Permeation grouting may be required to create a cut -off curtain. These
requirements need to be verified with field tests during the det ailed design stage.
Fig. 2-2 Satellite view of Washerm anpet Station site

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Fig. 2-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at Washermanpet Station
Fig. 2-4 Soil profile from different boreholes at or near Washerm anpet Station

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Fig. 2-5
Fig. 2-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at Washermanpet Station

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Fig. 2-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at Washermanpet Station
Fig. 2-8 Variations of N corrected for e ffective stress with elevation at Washermanpet Station

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Fig. 2-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at Washermanpet Station
Fig. 2-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at Washermanpet Station

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Fig. 2-11 Variations of m oisture content with elevation at Washermanpet Station
Fig. 2-12 Variations of Bulk unit weight with elevation at Washermanpet Station

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3. BORED TUNNEL BETWEEN WASHERMANPET AND MANNADI STATION
This stretch covers Approx. CH 222 to CH 1577 for a length of approximately 1355m. Figure 3-1
below shows the boring locations and the soil profil e at the borehole locations. The soil deposit is
predominantly dense silty sand inter-bedded with lay ers of silt and clay. Figure 3-2 shows the
variations of SP T blow-count with elevation. Figures 3-3 and 3-4 show the variations of fines and clay
contents with elevation, respectively. The soil conditions and the average SPT blow -counts at the
tunnel c entre and one diameter above and below the t unnel are sum marized in Table 3 .1. The
tunnelling work will be carried out in relative competent soil. The main challenge is to contain the
running sand under high water pressure.
Table 3-1 Soil conditions at one diam eter above and below tunnel for the alignment between
Washermanpet and Mannadi Station
CH Track Level Borehole Soil Type/ N around Tunnel
(mRL) Above Cent re Below
145 -12.5 C1-DH-1 ML/10 ML/10 SP/25
302 -12.5 C1-DH-2 SM/60 ML/6 CH/30
468 -14 C1-DH-3 SP/100 SC/12 SP/30
650* -15* C1-F2 SP/100 SC/30 SC/100
974 -16.5 C1-DH-4 SM/20 SC/15 SC/15
1240* -15* C1-F4 SM/30 SM&SC/25 SM&SC/50
1614 -13 C1-DH-5 SM/20 SP/22 SP/20
* denotes estimated values
Fig. 3-1 Site plan and longitudinal section between Washermanpet and Mannadi Station

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Fig. 3-4
Fig. 3-5 Variations of fines content with elevation between Washermanpet and Mannadi
Station

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Fig. 3-6 Variations of clay content with elevation between Washerm anpet and Mannadi Station

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4. MANNADI STATION (CH=1676.9, RL=-13.05)
The station is located next to the street at the location of an existing building. It has a length of 194 m
and a width of 19 to 37.4 m at the track level. The excavation depth is about 18.5 m. The ground
surface is at elevation +2.9 mRL. Figure 4-1 below shows the site plan and the surrounding buildings.
Figure 4-2 shows a satellite image of the site from Google. Figure 4-3 shows the boring locations.
4.1 Soil Conditions
There are two boreholes (C1-DH5 and C1-F5) at or near this station. The soil is predominantly silty
sand. The SPT blow-counts at these t wo boreholes are quite different. At C1DH5, the blow-c ount
varies between 10 and 20. At C1-F5, majority of the values exceeded 40 indicating very dense sand.
Figure 4-4 shows the soil profiles at these two boreholes. The soil deposit is predominantly dense silt y
sand. Figure 4-5 show the variations of SPT blow-count with elevation. Figures 4-6 and 4-7 show the
variations of fines and clay contents, respectively. Figure 4-8 shows the SPT N-values corrected for
effective overburden pressure. Figures 4-9 and 4-10 show the relative density and friction angle
computed using empirical correlations with the corrected N-values. Figure 4-11 shows the variations of
water content with elevation. It should be noted that the measured values may not reflect the true
water content as part of the water in the soil sample might have drained out during sample preparation.
At C1-F5, the bedrock (GR-IV or better) was encountered at -25.5 mRL. The water table is about 3.3
m below ground level.
Because of the large differenc es in SPT blow-c ounts in soil and bedrock levels in the two boreholes,
two separate design soil profiles are recommended. The profil e and param eters for the northern half of
the station based on the data from C1-DH5 are summarized in the Table 4.1. The recommendations
for the southern half of the station based on C2 -F5 are summarized in Table 4.2. The spring constant
for base slab design for the northern half of the station towards Washerm etpet station is 7.2 MN/m3.
3
The value for the southern half towards High Court Station is 22.8 MN/m .
Table 4-1 Design soil profile and parameters for northern half of Mannadi Station towards
Washermetpet station based on C1-DH5
o o
+2.9
-6 SM 10 - - - 0 36.5 15 0.7
-27 SM 20 - - - 0 36.5 30 0.7
-32* SM 100 - - - 0 42 150 1
below
-32* Charnockite IV - - - 800 36 1400 1
* Denotes estimated values
Table 4-2 Design soil profile and parameters for southern half of Mannadi Station towards High
Court station based on C1-F5
o o
+2.9
-6 SM 15 - - - 0 37.5 22.5 0.7
-23.5 SM 45 - - - 0 41 67.5 0.7
-25.5 SM 100 - - - 0 42 150 1
-29 Charnockite IV - - - 800 36 1400 1
below
32 Charnockite III - - - 1880 38.5 3500 1

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pressure in this material poses potential danger of soil piping, quick condition and blowout instability.
Fissure grouting may be required to seal the fractures and relief wells to reduce the uplift pressure.
and quick condition instability at locations where the soil deposit is consisted entirely of silty sand
and/or clean sand. Permeation grouting may be required to create a cut-off curtain. These
Fig. 4-1 Site plan of Mannadi Station
Fig. 4-2 Satellite view of Mannadi Station site

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Fig. 4-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at Mannadi Station
Fig. 4-4 Soil profile from different boreholes at or near Mannadi Station

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Fig. 4-5
Fig. 4-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at Mannadi Station

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Fig. 4-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at Mannadi Station
Fig. 4-8 Variations of N corrected for effective stress with elevation at Mannadi Station

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Fig. 4-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at Mannadi Station
Fig. 4-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at Mannadi Station

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Fig. 4-11 Variations of moisture content with elevation at Mannadi Station

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5. BORED TUNNEL BETWEEN MANNADI AND HIGH COURT STATION
This stretch covers CH 1800 to CH 2480 for a length of approxim ately 680 m. Figure 5-1 and 5-2
below shows the boring locations and the soil profile at the borehole locations. The soil deposit is
contents, respectively. The soil conditions and the average SPT blow-counts at the tunnel centre and
one diameter above and below the tunnel are summariz ed in Table 5.1. The tunnelling work will be
carried out in relative competent soil. The main challenge is to contain the running sand under high
water pressure.
Mannadi and High Court Station
(mRL) Above Centre Below
1770* -14* C1-F5 SM&SP/15 SM/20 SM&SC/20
1950 -14.5* C1-F6 SC/8 SM/20 SM/60
2131 -15 C1-DH6 SM/20 SM/20 SM/25
2345* -14* C1-F7 SM/25 SM/30 SM/40
Fig. 5-1 Site plan and longitudinal section between Mannadi and High Court Station

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Fig. 5-2 Site plan and longitudinal section between Mannadi and High Court Station
Fig. 5-3

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Fig. 5-4 Variations of fines content with elevation between Mannadi and High Court Station
Fig. 5-5 Variations of clay content with elevation between Mannadi and High Court Station

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6. HIGH COURT STATION (CH=2595.7, RL=-13.26)
The station is located directly beneath the main road. It has a lengt h of 226 m and a width of 20.2 to
23.2 m at the track level. The excavation depth is about 19 m. The ground surface is at elevation + 2.8
mRL. Figure 6-1 in shows the site plan and surrounding buil dings. Figure 6-2 shows a satellite image
of the site from Google. Figure 6-3 shows the boring locations.
6.1 Soil Conditions
There is only one borehole (C1 -BH9) locat ed near this station. The soil is predominantly silty sand with
SPT blow-c ounts typically between 20 and 40. Figure 6-4 shows the soil profile at this borehole. The
soil deposit is predominantly dense silty sand. Figure 6-5 shows the variations of SPT blow-count with
elevation. Figures 6-6 and 6-7 show the variations of fines and clay contents, respectively. Figure 6-8
shows the SPT N-values corrected for effective overburden pressure. Figures 6-9 and 6-10 show the
relative density and friction angle com puted using em pirical correlat ions with the corrected N-values.
The bedrock (GR-IV or better) was not encountered. The top of rock is estimated to be at -30 mRL.
The water table is assumed to be 3 m below ground level.
The recommended design soil profile and parameters bas ed on the available data are summarized in
3
Table 6.1. The spring constant for base slab design is 17.4 M N/m .
Table 6-1 Design soil profile and parameters for High Court Station

o o
+2.8
-1 SM 7 - - - 0 36 - 0.7
-8 SM 15 - - - 0 37.5 22.5 0.7
-24 SM 35 - - - 0 39 52.5 0.7
-27* SM 100 - - - 0 42 150 1
below
-30* Charnockite IV - - - 800 36 1400 1
pressure in this material poses potential danger of soil piping, quick condition and blowout instabili ty.
Fissure grouting may be required to seal the fractures and to minimize these risks.
and quick condition instability at locations where the soil deposit is consisted entirely of silty sand
and/or clean sand. Permeation grouting may be required to create a cut -off curtain. These

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Fig. 6-1 Site plan of High Court Station
Fig. 6-2 Satellite view of High Court Station site

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Fig. 6-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at High Court Station
Fig. 6-4 Soil profile from different boreholes at or near High Court Station

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Fig. 6-5 tion at High Court Station
Fig. 6-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at High Court Station

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Fig. 6-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at High Court Station
Fig. 6-8 Variations of N corrected for effective stress with elevation at High Court Station

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Fig. 6-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at High Court Station
Fig. 6-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at High Court Station

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7. BORED TUNNEL BETWEEN HIGH COURT AND CHENNAI CENTRAL STATION
This stretch covers CH 2715 to CH 4010 for a length of approximately 1295 m. Figure 7-1 to 7.3 below
shows the boring locations and the soil profile at the borehole locations. The soil deposit is
contents with elevation, respectively. The soil conditions and the average SPT blow -counts at the
tunnel centre and one diameter above and below the tunnel are summarized in Table 7.1.
The tunnelling work will be carried out in relative competent soil. The main challenge is to contain the
running sand under high water pressure. Between CH 3130 and CH 3250, a mixed face condition will
be encountered. Beyond CH 3250, tunnelling will be in granitic rock.
High Court and Chennai Central Station
(mRL) Above Centre Below
2855 -15.5 C2-BH4 SM/30 SM/50 SP/100
3000* -18* C1-F9 SC/15 SM/40 -
3130* -21* C1-G1 SM/7 SM/10 Granite
3250* -26* C1-F10 SM/45 Gneiss Gneiss
3442 -25.7 C2-BH5 Granite Granite Granite
3560* -26* C1-F11 Granite Granite Granite
3830* -28* C1-F12 SM&GP/50 Granite Granite
3976 -24.5 C1-BH10 Granite Granite Granite

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Fig. 7-1 Site plan and longitudinal section between High Court and Chennai Central Station

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Fig. 7-4

May 2011 Page 33
Fig. 7-5 Variations of fines content with elevation between High Court and Chennai Central
Station
Fig. 7-6 Variations of clay content with elevation between High Court and Chennai Central
Station

May 2011 Page 34
8. CHENNAI CENTRAL ST ATION (CH=4198.8, RL=-24.48)
The station is located directly beneath a main street. It has a length of 390 m and a width of 31 m at
the track level. The excavation depth is about 30.5 m. The ground surface is at elevation +3.3 m RL.
Figure 8-1 below shows the site plan and the surrounding buildings. Figure 8-2 shows a satellite image
of the site from Google. Figure 8-3 shows the boring locations.
8.1 Soil Conditions
There are five boreholes (C1-BH10, C1-AD1, C1-AD2, C2-DH1 and C1-F13) at or near this station.
Figure 8-4 shows the soil profil es at two of the boreholes. The soil is predominantly silty sand. Figure
8-5 show the variations of SPT blow-count with elevation. Figures 8-6 and 8-7 show the variations of
fines and clay contents, respectively. Figure 8-8 shows the SPT N-values of sand corrected for
effective overburden pressure. Figures 8-9 and 8-10 show the relative density and friction angle
computed using empirical correlations with the corrected N-values. Figure 8-11 shows the variations of
water content with elevation. It should be noted that the measured values may not reflect the true
water content of the sandy soils as part of the water in the soil sample might have drained out during
sample preparation.
The bedrock is located at about 22 m below the ground surface at -18.5 mRL. The water table is about
3 m below ground level.
Table 8-1. At this station, the rock level is high; the base slab will be resting directly on relatively
3
competent rock. The estimated spring constant is 500 MN/m .
Table 8-1 Design soil profile and parameters for Chennai Central Station
o o
+3.3
-9 SM 7 - - - 0 33 10.5 0.7
-13 ML/CL 10 50 0 10 - - - 0.7
-15 SM 25 0 35 37.5 0.7
-18 SM 100 - - - 0 42 150 1
-24 Charnockite IV - - - 800 36 1400 1
-30 Charnockite III - - - 1880 38.5 3500 1
below
-30 Charnockite II - - - 4320 42 8900 1
Very competent rock (weathering grade II) was encountered at a depth about 26 m ( -18.5 mRL). For
most conventional retaining wall systems such as diaphragm wall, it is likely that the wall toe will
terminat e at this depth. Beyond this depth, shotcrete and rock bolts maybe needed to stabilize the
exposed rock face. The final excavation depth is about 8.5 m below bedrock. Therefore a fair amount
of excavation will be in rock.
If the diaphragm wall is adopted and if it penetrates through the soil and the highly fractured rock into
the underlying competent rock, fissure grouting will not be required. The wall will provide an effective
water cutoff to prevent pipi ng, quick condition and blowout instability.

May 2011 Page 35
Fig. 8-1 Site plan of Chennai Central Station
Fig. 8-2 Satellite view of Chennai Central Station site

May 2011 Page 36
Fig. 8-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at Chennai Central Station
Fig. 8-4 Soil profile from different boreholes at or near Ch ennai Central Station

May 2011 Page 37
Fig. 8-5
Fig. 8-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at Chennai Central Station

May 2011 Page 38
Fig. 8-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at Chennai Central Station
Fig. 8-8 Variations of N corrected for effective stress with ele vation at Chennai Central Station

May 2011 Page 39
Fig. 8-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at Chennai Central Station
Fig. 8-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at Chennai Central Station

May 2011 Page 40
Fig. 8-11 Variations of moisture content with elevation at Chennai Central Station

May 2011 Page 41
9. BORED TUNNEL BETWEEN CHENNAI CENTRAL AND MAY DAY PARK (END OF
UAA-01 AT CH5468)
This stretch covers CH 4395 to CH 5468 for a length of approximately 1073 m. Figure 9-1 and 9-2
below shows the boring locations and the soil profile at the borehole locations. The soil deposit is
contents with elevation, respectively. The soil and rock conditions and the average SPT blow-counts at
the tunnel centre and one diameter above and below the tunnel are summarized in Table 9.1. The
tunnelling work will involve boring alm ost entirely through the granitic rock.
Chennai Central and M ay Day Park (End of UAA0 -01 at CH5468)
4350* -24.8* C1-F13 SP/100 Charnockite Charnockite
4488 -25.5 C1-BH11 Charnockite Charnockite Charnockite
4589 -27 C1-AD3 Charnockite Charnockite Charnockite
4638 -27.5 C1-AD4 Charnockite Charnockite Charnockite
4667 -28 C1-AD5 Charnockite Charnockite Charnockite
5027 -27.5 C1-DH7 Charnockite Charnockite Charnockite
5120* -25* C1-G2 Charnockite Charnockite Charnockite
5280* -22.5* C1-G3 Charnockite Charnockite Charnockite
Fig. 9-1 Site plan and longitudinal section between Chennai Central Station and M ay Day Park

May 2011 Page 42
Fig. 9-2 Site plan and longitudinal section between Chennai Central Station and May Day Park
Fig. 9-3
Park

May 2011 Page 43
Fig. 9-4 Variations of fines content with elevation between Chennai Central Station & May Day
Park
Fig. 9-5 Variations of clay content with elevation between Chennai Central Station and May
Day Park

May 2011 Page 44
10. PERMANENT ACCESS EGRESS & TEMPORARY LAUNCH BOX AT MAY DAY
PARK (CH=5455, RL=-12.5)
This launch box has a length of 83 m and a width of 24 m. The excavation depth is about 20 m. The
ground surface is at elevation +2.6 mRL. The site plan and cross-section are shown in Figures 10.1
and 10.2 below respectively.
10.1 Soil Conditions
There are three boreholes (C1-F14, C1-F15 and C1S2) at or near this launch box. Figure 10.3 shows
the borehole locations and Figure 10.4 shows the soil profiles at these three boreholes. The soil is
predominantly silty and clayey sand. Figure 10.5 shows the variations of SPT blowcount with elevation.
Figures 10.6 and 10.7 show the variations of fines and clay contents with elevation, respectively.
Figure 10.8 shows the SPT N-values of sand corrected for effective overburden pressure. Figures 10.9
and 10.10 show the relative density and friction angle computed using empirical correlations with the
corrected N-values.
The bedrock is located at about 18 m below the ground surface. The water table is about 2.0 m below
ground level.
3
the Table 10.1. The spring constant for base slab design is 90 MN/m .
Table 10-1 Design soil profil e and param eters for launch box at May Day Park

o o
+2.6
-2 SM 10 - - - 0 37 15 0.7
-7.5 SM 15 - - - 0 37 22.5 0.7
-14 CL 10 50 0 10 - - - 0.7
-22.5 SM 100 - - - 0 42 150 1
-27.5 Charnockite IV - - - 800 36 1400 1
Below -
27.5 Charnockite III - - - 1880 38.5 3500 1
the underlying compet ent rock, fissure grouting may not be required. The wall will provide an effective
water cutoff to prevent piping, quick condition and blowout instability.

May 2011 Page 45
Fig. 10-1 Site plan of May Day Park Egress
Fig. 10-2 Cross-sectional view of M ay Day Park Egress

May 2011 Page 46
Fig. 10-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at May Day Park Egress
Fig. 10-4 Soil profile from different boreholes near May Day Park Egress

May 2011 Page 47
Fig. 10-5
Fig. 10-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at May Day Park Egress

May 2011 Page 48
Fig. 10-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at May Day Park Egress
Fig. 10-8 Variations of N corrected for effective stress with elevation at May Day Park Egress

May 2011 Page 49
Fig. 10-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at May Day Park Egress
Fig. 10-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at May Day Park Egress

May 2011 Page 50
11. BORED TUNNEL BETWEEN CHENNAI CENTRAL AND EGMORE
This stretch covers CH 185 to CH 1268 for a length of approximately 1083 m. Figure 11-1 to 11.3
below shows the boring locations and the soil profile at the borehole locations . The soil deposit is
predominantly dense silty sand inter-bedded with layers of silt and clay. Figure 11-4 show the
variations of SPT blow-c ount with elevation. Figures 11-5 and 11-6 show the variations of fines and
clay contents with elevation, respectively. The soil and rock conditions and the average SPT blow-
counts at the t unnel centre and one diameter above and below the tunnel are s ummarized in Table
11.1. The tunnelling work will involve boring through mixed fac e condition at many locations along th is
stretch. The main challenges are boring in the mixed facing condition and to contain the running sand
under high water pressure.
Table 11-1 Soil conditions at one diameter above and below tunnel for the alignment between
Chennai Central and Egmore
140* -24.8* C1-F13 SP/100 Charnockite Charnockite
294 -13.7 C1-BH11 SM/20 SC/40 SM/60
374 -15.5 C1-AD3 ML/5 SP/100 Charnockite
524 -19 C1-BH12 SP/100 Charnockite Charnockite
675* -22* AA-2 SM/100 Charnockite Charnockite
850 -25 C1-BH13 SP/100 SP/100 SP/100
930* -23* AA-3 Charnockite Charnockite Charnockite
1042 -20 C2-DH2A SP/100 Charnockite Charnockite

1083 -19 C2-DH2B SM/100 SP/100 SP/100
1110* -18* AA-4 SM/50 SM&GM/100 Charnockite
1185 -17 C2-BH6 SM/30 - -
1330 -14 C2-DH2 CL/12 SM/100 SP/100

May 2011 Page 51
Fig. 11-1 Site plan and longitudinal section between Chennai Central and Egmore Station

May 2011 Page 52
Fig. 11-4

May 2011 Page 53
Fig. 11-5 Variations of fines content with elevation between Chennai Central and Egmore
Station
Fig. 11-6 Variations of clay content with elevation between Chennai Central and Egm ore
Station

May 2011 Page 54
12. EGMORE STATION (CH=1386.8, RL=-14.01)
This station is located off the main street. It has a length of 226 m and a width of 19 to 23.2 m at the
track level. The excavation dept h is about 20 m. The ground surface is at elevation +3.5 mRL. Figure
12-1 below shows the site plan and the surrounding buildings. Figure 12-2 shows a satellite image of
the site from Google. Figure 12-3 shows the boring locations.
12.1 Soil Conditions
There are two boreholes (C2-DH2 and C2-F1) at or near this station. Figure 12-4 shows the soil
profiles at these two boreholes. The soil is predominantly silty sand inter -bedded with silt and clay
layers. Figure 12-5 shows the variations of SPT blow-count with elevation. Figures 12-6 and 12-7
show the variations of fines and clay contents with elevation, respectively. Figure 12-8 shows the SP T
N-values of sand corrected for effective overburden pressure. Figures 12-9 and 12-10 show the
relative density and friction angle com puted using empiric al correlations with the corrected N -values.
Figure 12-11 shows the variations of water content with elevation. It should be noted that the
measured values may not reflect the true water content of the sandy soils as part of the water in the
soil sample might have drained out during sample preparation.
The bedrock elevations at C2-DH2 and C2-F1 are -18 and -23 mRL, respectively. The water table is
about 4.5 m below ground level.
Table 12-1 Design soil profil e and param eters for eastern half of Egmore Station towards Chennai
Cent ral Station based on C2-F1
o o
+3.5
-1.5 ML/CL 5 25 0 5 - - - 0.7
-6 SP/SC 5 - - - 0 32 7.5 0.7
-10 ML/CL 15 75 0 15 - - - 0.7
-12 SM 40 - - - 0 40 60 0.7
-23 SM 100 - - - 0 42 150 1
-24 Charnockite IV - - - 800 36 1400 1
Below
-24 Charnockite II - - - 4320 42 8900 1
Table 12-2 Design soil profile and param eters for western half of Egmore Station towards Nehru Park
Station (UAA -04) based on C2DH2
o o
+3.5
-1.5 ML/CL 5 25 0 5 - - - 0.7
-6 SP/SC 5 - - - 0 32 7.5 0.7
-10 ML/CL 15 75 0 15 - - - 0.7
-12 SM 40 - - - 0 40 60 0.7
-18 SM 100 - - - 0 42 150 1
Below
-24 Charnockite IV - - - 800 36 1400 1
Because of the difference in bedrock level in the two boreholes, two separate design soil profil es are
recommended. The profile and parameters for the eastern half of the station towards Chennai Central
Station based on the data from C2-DH2 are summarized in the Table 12.1. The recomm endations for

May 2011 Page 55
the western half of the station towards Nehru Park Station (UAA-04) based on C2-F1 are s ummarized
in Table 12.2. At this station, the rock level is high; the base slab will be resting directly on relatively
3
competent rock. The estimated spring constant is 180 MN/m .
the underlying competent rock, fissure grouting will not be required. The wall will provide an effective
water cutoff to prevent piping, quick condition and blowout instability.
Fig. 12-1 Site plan of Egm ore Station

May 2011 Page 56
Fig. 12-2 Satellite view of Egm ore Station site
Fig. 12-3 Site plan with boring locations and longitudinal section at Egmore Station

May 2011 Page 57
Fig. 12-4 Soil profil e from different boreholes at or near Egmore Station
Fig. 12-5

May 2011 Page 58
Fig. 12-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at Egmore Station
Fig. 12-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at Egmore Station

May 2011 Page 59
Fig. 12-8 Variations of N corrected for effective stress with elevation at Egmore Station
Fig. 12-9 Variations of estimated relative density with elevation at Egmore Station

May 2011 Page 60
Fig. 12-10 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at Egmore Station
Fig. 12-11 Variations of estimated friction angle with elevation at Egm ore Station

May 2011 Page 61
APPENDIX – A
TTA-465-C0U-1102001-A
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TRANSTONNELSTROY - AFCONS J.V.

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Chennai Metro Phase 1 - Contract UAA01

Design and Construction of Un derground Stations and Associated Tunnels

2. WASHERMANPET STATION (CH=24.70, RL=-11.88) .............................................................4

2.1 Soil Conditions ...................................................................................................................4

3. BORED TUNNEL BETW EEN WASHERMANP ET AND MANNADI STATION .........................11

4. MANNADI STATION (CH=1676.9, RL= -13.05).......................................................................15

4.1 Soil Conditions .................................................................................................................15

6. HIGH COURT STATION (CH=2595.7, RL=-13.26) .................................................................25

6.1 Soil Conditions .................................................................................................................25

8. CHENNAI CENTRAL STATI ON (CH=4198.8, RL= -24.48) .....................................................35

8.1 Soil Conditions .................................................................................................................35

10.1 Soil Conditions .................................................................................................................45

12. EGM ORE STATION (CH=1386.8, RL= -14.01) ..................................................................55

12.1 Soil Conditions .................................................................................................................55

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

Fig.1-1 Station layout and tunnel alignment of Contract UAA01............................................................. 2

Fig. 2-1 Site plan of Washermanpet Station........................................................................................ 4

Fig. 4-1 Site plan of Mannadi Station ............................................................................................... 16

Fig. 6-1 Site plan of High Court Station ............................................................................................ 26

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

Fig. 8-1 Site plan of Chennai Central Station .................................................................................... 36

Fig. 10-1 Site plan of May Day Park Egress...................................................................................... 46

Fig. 12-1 Site plan of Egmore Station .............................................................................................. 56

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

Soil Classification Approx. Soil Description

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

Fig.1-1 Station layout and tunnel alignment of Contract UAA01

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

2. WASHERMANPET STATION (CH=24.70, RL=-11.88)

Fig. 2-1 Site plan of Washermanpet Station

2.1 Soil Conditions

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

2.2 Major Geotechnical Considerations

Fig. 2-2 Satellite view of Washerm anpet Station site

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

Fig. 2-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at Washermanpet Station

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

Fig. 2-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at Washermanpet Station

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

Fig. 2-11 Variations of m oisture content with elevation at Washermanpet Station

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

3. BORED TUNNEL BETWEEN WASHERMANPET AND MANNADI STATION

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

4. MANNADI STATION (CH=1676.9, RL=-13.05)

4.1 Soil Conditions

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

4.2 Major Geotechnical Considerations

Fig. 4-1 Site plan of Mannadi Station

Fig. 4-2 Satellite view of Mannadi Station site

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

Fig. 4-6 Variations of fines content with elevation at Mannadi Station

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report

Fig. 4-7 Variations of clay content with elevation at Mannadi Station

TTA -465-C0U-1102001-A - Geotechnical Interpretative Report