Tran sm i ssion and Di strib uti on 3-14 Performance of Transmission Lines

Solution : Load p.f. cos Qp = 0.8 lag ... 0R = 36.g6"

VR=11 kV, R=1.5f2, Xr=4e
2 = R+jXr = 1.5 + j 4 = 4.272269.44" e

I- PR 5000x103x0.8
3xVpxcosQp
=-=26.24A
J3x11ox1o3 xo.B
This current is lagging at an angle of
Qp
I = 26.24 2-96.86" A

,oon = t't{ v
= 6350.85 = 6.3508 kv
!J

sending end voltage, vs = vp +i 2 = l6gs0.Bs 10.)+126.242-36.86.] [4.272269.44"]

= [6350.85+j0]+[112.09 z32.s}"] = [6350.85+ j0]+[94.a5+j 60.35]
= 6445.3 + j 60.35 = 6445.3g Z 0.5864" volts
vs = 6445.59V=6.45kV
Line value of Vg, VSlir," =rfx 6.45=11.12 kV
Wehave,6=05364"
Sending end p.f. angle Qg = qo +6 = 36.86o+ 0.5364.= g7.89"

p.t. = cosSg = cos 37.39o = 0.7944 lag

Line losses = 3I2R =z(26.24)2 (1.5) =3g9g.a1 \4r

Output delivered = 5000 x 0.8 = 4000 kW = 4 MW

Power sent = 4000 + 3.09g4 = 4003.09 k\ /

% Efficiency = 9ffi#Sx100 =
ffi*ro 0 = ee.e2 o/o

% Regulatio" =
+x100 = ".,lrr, *r00 = 1.s4s4 %

A,15'km laig,,T'phase:aaeyhead,,line,,delioers S MW at Ll kV
4,8. tagging,pf- ,Iine lass is 12,P/, o! pou,er delioered.
Line inductance is 1.1 mItr't,ii,i*il
per k* d
pltAse,, 1i46, tbe' bend;ing ind uoltqge, and regulation.
It
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 stri b uti on 3-16 Pefiormance of Transmission
Tran sm i ssi on a nd D i

Solution :

cosQB = 0'9lag) sin0n=0'4358

R = 6el
XL = 8Q
The approximate expression for V5 is given by'
VS = VP + IRcosQs + IX;sinQB

Sending end line voltage = 120 kV

v, = 14+4 = 6e282.03 Y
'JJ

Receiving end line voltage = 110 kV

vR = ry#C = 63508.52 v
a/J

6s282.0s = 63508.52 + I (6) (0'9) + I (8) (0'43s8)

5773.51. = I[5.4 +3'4864]

r = sZlEL
B.BB64
= 64e.70 A
7 z- A
..Receiving end current = 64g.70 I - cos-- o.g = 649.70 25.84"

Sending end voltage

Vs = VB+i2=iLt+i1n+ilt;
Now Vg is known but its angle is unknown'
Vs = [63508.52 ZO"]+1649'70t-2s'Sryl [6+ j8]
69282'38 + i 2978'83
= 16g508'52 + jOl + 16497 2 27'29"1=

Vs = 69346'38 12'46" volts

I 0s = 6o+6
= 25.84" + 2.46"
N = 28.3"
T
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.\___
 3-17 Performance of Transmission Lines
Iransmlssion and Distribution
VS

Sending end P.f. = cos 0s

= cos 2B'3"
= 0.8804 lag
l2
Power outPut = ,6 VrllcosQ n IXr-

3
= r[' lttox 10 X649'70)(o'9)
6

= 111'40 MW VR

iR

Fig. 3.7'6

a transmission line'
1. Explain the infhrcnce o7 Poii factor on the pe(ormance of The
line deliaers 1L00 kW at L1' kV at 0'8 p'f' lagging.
2. A single pluse ooerhead transmission \tl
of the tine ate 8 I
and 76 9) respectiuely' Determine
total resistance and inductizte reactance
iii) Transmission et't'iciency io) Percentage
i) Sending end aoltage ii) Sending end power factor
laggin g, 8g'7 g %' L8'52 "/"1
kV I 4,gg8",0'7518
regulation lAns: 13.038

kW at tt 0'8 p'f' lagging to s losd' The

l An oaerhead 3 phase trnnsmission line deliuers 3000
is 4 Q and 6 Q respectittely' If the sending
end
resistance qnd reactsnce of each condttctor
end ooltnge ii) Transmission efficiency'
aoltage is 33 kV, determine i) Sending
lAns. : 31.96 kV, 99'24 %l

delioers 5000 kw at 22 kv at 0'8 p'f' lagging' The

4. An oaerhead 3 phase transmission line
is 4 et and 6 e respectiaehl.
resistance and reactance of each conductor
Transmission efficiency
Determine i) sending end aoltage ii) % Regttlation iii)
kV' 8'825 "/o' 93'94 %l
lAns. : 23'938
ffi

5.Athreephase,10kV,50Hz'transmissionline20kmlongdelir:ersatoadof4MWat
0.Sp,flagatthefarend,TheresistanceandinductafiCeperphase,perkmarc0,025and
0.TmHrespectiuely.Eindsendingendooltageandcurrent.[Ans':6'71kv,288.67A]
6.Athreephase,lTkV,s0Hz,trtmsmissionlinelakmlongdelizlersaloadofSMWat
0.Sp.flagatthefarend'Theresistancesndreactanceperphase'pe'rkmare0'1snd0'2ohm
respectil:ely.Findsendingendl,oltage,cttrentandp.f.Alsodratothephasordiagram.Treat
the iirLe ns a short one' W ffi

[Ans' : 7'01 kv' 328'03 A' o'77L'l'lagl

ffi

TECt'.!Nf CAL PlJBLiCAI f ONS"'- At] tjp tlliLtst for krtowiei'ige

fi
I
I
Transmission and 3-31 Peiormance of Transmission Lines

A:;ia::ffia:@:i ,1i );a lq.tqt series .

impedance of 35+1140 {2 and a'shunt admiltance'of g30 mi*o mho. it deliueis 4A MW at

220 kV A.9 pf; l^ag. Find the sending end uoltage current and'p.f, [.trse nominat n meth.od.

Solution :

R+jX1 = 35+j 740=144.30, 275.96" gl

Yc = 930 pmho = 930x10-6;

'2 + =465x10-6 mho

220x 10 3
VR= = 127017.06 ; cos 0n = 0.9 .'. 0R = 25.84'
VJ

Power delivered _ 40x 106

Receiving end load current, Ip =
J3xvpxcosQp ",l3x22oxlo3 xo.9

IS IL R Xl IR

1", Ia.,

vs c C
Load
2 2

Fig. 3.8.13
IR = 1.L6-63 A
iR = 116.63 z-2s.84. A = (104.96- j s0.83) A
.( oC
Ic, rI vR
2

Now 1 1 rrlC 1 Y6
XC ;(l)c x.
roC 2 2Xc 2

rcr = i+Vn = j(+os><ro-6) (27012.06)= jss.o6z

= 59.062 290" A
iL - rcr +io =11s0.062)+(104.e6-j50.83)
= 104.96+j8.232= 105.28 24.48'A
Vs = Vp +i1 Z =ft27077.06 zl"f+l7os.2s z4.4l"l[144.80 t7s.g6"j

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:
 3-32 Peiormance of
Transmission and Distribution

= $27017'06 + j 0l+ (151 s1"904 t80'44")

= UL27O17'06 + j 0l+ 12523'07 + j 1'a980'921
volts
= t29540'13 + i t4g80'92 = L304035 16'596 "
225'86kY
Line value of sending end voltage = "u[x130'403 =

tcz = j+ Vs =j (+asrro-6) (130403'5 t6'5e6)

= (+osxro-u) lraoaoa'5) t96se6"

= 60.63 196'596" A = - 6'965 +i 60'23
is = lcz+It =(60'63 t96'596')+(105'28 Z4'48)
= (- 6.s65+i 60'23)+(104'96+ iB'232)
= 97'9g5 + i 68'462 = 1\9'54 134'93' A
Angle between Vg and Ig is calculated as
IS
0s = 34'93o-6'59" =28'34"

p.f. = cos Q5 = cos (28'34) = 0'88 lead 34.930

Vsk" = 225'86 kV
Is = 119.54 A
Fig. 3.8.14
p.f. = 0.88 lead
A.\A'tr{z;i'3, ase
' :
transmission line 30 km,.la\g.,has a tdt*t seiesi' 1.{
s
:dnd-iliunt'admit!frtr'le of ltr mho. The
load is 50 MW at 2il
(40 +,'i l2.s):,,a;
end uoltage, current and Power t'l
0.8 ligging power factor' Fin'd the sending
nn*1r1n7;n Tnethod,
I. R

ts
T,, I".,

q a Load
2 2

Solution : Z = R+ jXr=(40+112ilA=13L'24 I 7225" Q

Y. i i1o-3 o
thrust for knowledge
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i\=.-.-r