Power Systems Problem Set Version2 PDF

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Power Systerms
Per Unit Systems:
1. What is the per unit reactance of an alternator if the capacity is doubled and voltage is
halved?
a) Increases by 4 times b) reduces by 8 times
c) Increases by 8 times d) decreases by 4 times (Ans: C)
2. The per unit impedance of a synchronous machine is 0.242. If the base voltage in increased
by 1.1 times then per unit impedance value will be
a) 0.266 b) 0.244 c) 0.220 d) 0.2 (Ans: d)
3. Two identical generators of 100 MVA, 33 kV are connected in parallel as shown in the figure,
they are interconnected through reactor, Faults occur at F1 and F2 at two different locations.
The ratio of equivalent fault reactance at F1 w.r.t F2 is _________

a) 1.8 b) 0.55 c) 3.6 d) 0.27 (Ans: a)

4. For the power system shown in the fig below, the specifications of the components are the
following :

G1 = 25 kV, 100 MVA, X = 9%
G2 = 25 kV, 100 MVA, X = 9%
T1 = 25 kV/220 kV, 90 MVA, X = 12%
T2 = 220 kV/25 kV, 90 MVA, X = 12%
Line 1 : 200 kV, X = 150 ohms
Choose 25 kV as the base voltage at the generator G1, and 200 MVA as the MVA base. The
impedance diagram is

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(Ans:b)
5. A 3 – phase star connected load is drawing power at a voltage of 0.9 pu and 0.8 power factor
lagging. The three phase base power and base current are 100 MVA and 437.38A respectively. The
line – to –line load voltage in kV is ______ (Ans : 118.8)
6. A sustained 3-‐phase fault occurs in the power system shown in the fig. The current and voltage
phasors during the fault (on a common reference), after the natural transients have died down, are
also shown. Where is the fault located?


a) Location P b) Location Q c) Location R d) Location S (Ans: b)
7. Three – phase to ground fault takes place at locations F1 and F2 in the system shown in the fig.

If the fault takes place at location F1, then the voltage and the current at bus A are Vf1 and IF1
respectively. If the fault takes place at location F2, then the voltage and the current at bus A are VF2
and IF2 respectively. The correct statement about voltages and currents during faults at F1 and F2 is
a) VF1 leads IF1 and VF2 leads IF2 b) VF1 leads IF1 and VF2 lags IF2
C) VF1 lags IF1 and VF2 leads IF2 d) VF1 lags IF1 and VF2 lags IF2 (Ans: c)
8. Five alternators each rated 5 MVA, 13.2 kV with 25% of reactance on its own base are connected
in parallel to a busbar. The short-‐circuit level in MVA at the busbar is _______ (Ans: 100)
9. For the configuration shown in the fig. the breaker connecting a large system to bus 2 is initially
open. The system 3-‐phase fault level at bus 3 under this condition is not known. After closing the
system breaker, the 3-‐phase fault level at bus 1 was found to be 5.0 pu . What will be the new 3-‐
phase fault level at system bus 3 after the interconnection? All per unit values are on common base.
Prefault load currents are neglected and prefault voltages are assumed to be 1.0 p.u at all buses.

Eg = 1.0 p.u., XT = 0.2 p.u., XLine = 0.3 p.u., Xd = 0.2 p.u. (Ans: 11.4285)

Statement for Linked Answer Question: (10 and 11 only)
Two generator units G1 and G2 are connected by 15 kV line with a bus at the mid-‐point as shown
below,

G1 = 250 MVA, 15 kV, positive sequence reactance X = 25% on its own base.
G2 = 100 MVA, 15 kV, positive sequence reactance X = 10% on its own base.
L1 and L2 = 10 km, positive sequence reactance X = 0.225 ohms/km.
10. For the above system, the positive sequence diagram with the p.u values on the 100 MVA
common base is


(Ans: a)
11. In the above system, the three-‐phase fault MVA at the bus 3 is
a) 82.55 MVA b) 85.11 MVA c) 170.91 MVA d) 181.82 MVA (Ans: d)
12. In the circuit shown, the switch is closed at t = 0. The value of Ɵ in degrees which will give the
maximum value of DC offset of the current at the time of switching is

a) -‐30 b) 60 c) -‐45 d) 90 (Ans: c)
13. The reference voltage for phase a is defined as V (t) =𝑉! cosωt. A symmetrical 3-‐Φ fault occurs at
centre of the line i.e.at point F. The wave form corresponding to phase a fault current from bus X
reveals that decaying D.C. offset current is negative and in magnitude at its maximum initial value.
(𝑍! = 0.006+j0.06 p.u. and f=50 hz ). The instant (t0) of the fault will be

a) 4.682 ms b) 9.667 ms c) 14.667 ms d) 19.667 ms (Ans: a)
14. A 50 Hz alternator is rated 500 MVA, 20 kV, with Xd = 1.0 per unit and 𝑋!!! = 0.2 per unit. It
supplies a purely resistive load of 400 MW at 20 kV. The load is connected directly across the
generator terminals when a symmetrical fault occurs at the load terminals. The initial rms current in
the generator in per unit is
a) 7.22 b) 5.05 c) 3.22 d) 2.25 (Ans: b)

15. A 50 MVA, 10 kV, 50 Hz, star-‐connected, unloaded three-‐phase alternator has a synchronous
reactance of 1 p.u. and a sub-‐transient reactance of 0.2 p.u. If a 3-‐phase short circuit occurs close to
the generator terminals, the ratio of initial and final values of the sinusoidal component of the short
circuit current is ________ (Ans: 5.0)
16. The magnitude of 3-‐phase fault currents at buses A and B of a power system are 10 pu and 8 pu,
respectively. Neglect all resistances in the system and consider the pre-‐fault system to be unloaded.
The pre-‐fault voltage at all buses in the system is 1.0 pu. The voltage magnitude at bus B during a
three-‐phase fault at bus A is 0.8 pu. The voltage magnitude at bus A during a three-‐phase fault at bus
B, in pu, is ____________? (Ans: 0.84)
17. A 500 MVA, 20 kV, 60 Hz synchronous generator having 𝑋!" =0.2pu is supplying a passive load of
400MW at 20 Kv. The load is purely resistive. Then the value of post fault current at the generator
terminals is (Ans : 5.06∠-‐80.9 pu )
18. A 2-‐bus system and corresponding zero sequence network are shown in the figure.

The transformer T1 and T2 are connected
(Ans: b)
19. For the network as shown in the fig. the zero sequence reactance in p.u are indicated. The Zero
sequence driving point reactance of the node 3 is

a) 0.12 pu b) 0.30 pu c) 0.10 pu d) 0. 20 pu (Ans: c)
20. In an unbalanced three-‐phase system, phase current Ia = 1∠(-‐900) pu, negative sequence current
Ib2 = 4∠ (-‐1500) pu, zero sequence current Ic0 = 3∠900. The magnitude of phase current Ib in pu is
a) 1.00 b)7.81 c) 11.53 d) 13.00 (Ans: c)
21) Three identical star connected resistors of 1.0 p.u are connected to an unbalanced 3 phase
supply. The load neutral is isolated. The symmetrical components of the line voltages in p.u are:

Vab1 = X∠Ɵ1, Vab2 = Y∠Ɵ2
If all the p.u calculations are with the respective base values, the phase to neutral sequence voltages
are
a) Van1 = X∠(Ɵ1 + 300), Van2 = Y∠(Ɵ2 – 300)
b) Van1 = X∠(Ɵ1 -‐ 300), Van2 = Y∠(Ɵ2 + 300)

! !
c) Van1 = 𝑋∠(Ɵ1 -‐ 300), Van2 = 𝑌∠(Ɵ2 + 300)
! !
! !
d) Van1 = 𝑋∠(Ɵ1 -‐ 600), Van2 = 𝑌∠(Ɵ2 -‐ 600) (Ans: b)
! !
22) A three-‐phase alternator generating unbalanced voltages is connected to an unbalanced load
through a 3-‐phase transmission line as shown in fig. The neutral of the alternator and the star point
of the load are solidly grounded. The phase voltages of the alternator are Ea=10∠00V, Eb = 10∠-‐900V,
Ec = 10∠1200 V. The +ve sequence component of the load current is

a) 1.310∠-‐1070 A b) 0.332∠-‐1200 A c) 0.996∠-‐1200 A d) 3.510∠-‐810 A (Ans: d)
23) The parameters of transposed overhead transmission lie are given as:
Self-‐reactance Xs = 0.4 Ω/km and Mutual reactance Xm = 0.1 Ω/km The positive sequence
reactance x1 and zero sequence reactance x0, respectively, in Ω/km are
a) 0.3, 0.2 b) 0.5, 0.2 c) 0.5, 0.6 d) 0.3, 0.6 (Ans: d)
24) The series impedance matrix of a short three-‐phase transmission line in phase coordinate is
. If the positive sequence impedance is (1+j10) Ω, and the zero sequence is
(4+j31) Ω, then the imaginary part of Zm (in Ω) is _____ (up to 2 decimal places). (Ans: 7)
25) Suppose we define a sequence transformation between “a-‐b-‐c” and “p-‐n-‐o” variables as follows:


Where and k is a constant now, if it is given that:

And then,
a) b)
C) d) (Ans: b)
26) A 3-‐phase transmission line is shown in figure:

Voltage drop across the transmission line is given by the following equation:

Shunt capacitance of the line can be neglect. If the line has positive sequence impedance of 15Ω and
zero sequence impedance of 48Ω, then the values of Zs and Zm will be
a) Zs = 31.5 Ω; Zm = 16.5Ω b) Zs = 26 Ω; Zm = 11Ω
c) Zs = 16.5 Ω; Zm = 31.5Ω d) Zs = 11 Ω; Zm = 26Ω (Ans: b)
27) The positive, negative and zero sequence reactance’s of a wye-‐connected synchronous
generator are 0.2 p.u, 0.2 p.u and 0.1 p.u respectively. The generator is on open circuit with a

terminal voltage of 1 p.u. The minimum value of the inductive reactance, in Pu, required to be
connected between neutral and ground so that the fault current does not exceed 3.75 Pu if a single
line to ground fault occurs at the terminals is _______. (Assume fault impedance to be zero). (Give
the answer up to be one decimal place). (Ans: 0.1)
28) Two identical unloaded generators are connected in parallel as shown in the figure.

Both the generators are having positive, negative and zero sequence impedance of j0.4 p.u, j0.3 p.u
and j0.15 p.u., respectively. If the pre-‐fault voltage is 1 p.u., for a line-‐to-‐ground (L-‐G) fault at the
terminals of the generators, the fault current, in p.u,. is ______? (Ans: 6)
29) The positive, negative and zero sequence impedances of a 3-‐phase generator are Z1, Z2 and Z0
respectively. For a line-‐to-‐line fault with fault impedance Zf, the fault current is If1 = kIf, where If is the
fault current with zero fault impedance. The relation between Zf and k is
a) b)
c) d) (Ans: a)
30) A 30 MVA, 3-‐phase, 50 Hz, 13.8 kV, star-‐connected synchronous generator has positive, negative
and zero sequence reactance’s, 15%, 15% and 5% respectively. A reactance (Xn) is connected
between the neutral of the generator and ground. A double line to ground fault takes place involving
phases ‘b’ and ‘c’, with a fault impedance of j0.1 p.u. The value of Xn (in p.u) that will limit the
positive sequence generator current to 4270 A is ______ (Ans: 1.07)
31) A 30 kV, 50 Hz, 50 MVA generator has the positive, negative and zero sequence reactance’s of
0.25 pu, 0.15 pu, 0.05 pu, respectively. The neutral of the generator is grounded with a reactance so
that the fault current for a bolted LG fault and that of a bolted three-‐phase fault at the generator
terminal are equal. The value of grounding reactance in ohms (round off to one decimal place) is ___
(Ans: 1.8)
32) The sequence components of the fault current are as follows: I positive = j1.5 pu, Inegative= -‐j0.5 pu,
Izero= -‐j1 pu. The type of fault in the system is
a) LG b) LL c) LLG d) LLLG (Ans: c)
33) A 100 MVA, 11kV, 50Hz turbo generator is having a symmetrical fault at its terminals. The short-‐
circuit capacity is 500 MVA. The neutral of the alternator is grounded through a reactance of 0.05
pu. The zero-‐sequence reactance of the generator is 25% of its positive-‐sequence. The short-‐circuit
capacity for a line to ground fault is _______ MVA. (Ans: 500)

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Per Unit Systems:

a) 1.8 b) 0.55 c) 3.6 d) 0.27 (Ans: a)

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Statement for Linked Answer Question: (10 and 11 only)

L1 and L2 = 10 km, positive sequence reactance X = 0.225 ohms/km.

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a) -­‐30 b) 60 c) -­‐45 d) 90 (Ans: c)

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The transformer T1 and T2 are connected

a) 1.00 b)7.81 c) 11.53 d) 13.00 (Ans: c)

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Vab1 = X∠Ɵ1, Vab2 = Y∠Ɵ2

a) Van1 = X∠(Ɵ1 + 300), Van2 = Y∠(Ɵ2 – 300)

b) Van1 = X∠(Ɵ1 -­‐ 300), Van2 = Y∠(Ɵ2 + 300)

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C) d) (Ans: b)

26) A 3-­‐phase transmission line is shown in figure:

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c) d) (Ans: a)

a) LG b) LL c) LLG d) LLLG (Ans: c)

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a) -‐30 b) 60 c) -‐45 d) 90 (Ans: c)

b) Van1 = X∠(Ɵ1 -‐ 300), Van2 = Y∠(Ɵ2 + 300)

26) A 3-‐phase transmission line is shown in figure: