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*) 8n/ gub k'/:sf/ lbOG5 . sljtf jfrs / >f]tf b'j}n] k|j]z z'Ns 8n/ % b]lv & ;Dd ltg'{ kg]{ x'G5 .
kf]O6«L :ndsf] k|:t'ltdf lg0f{os d08nLn] sljtfsf] ljifoj:t' / sljsf] k|:t'ltnfO{ ljz]if ?kn] lgofNg] ub{5g\
. o;df sljn] cfk\mgf] k|:t'ltnfO{ uxlsnf] agfpg ;xjfrs Ps÷b'O{hgf /fVg klg kfOG5 . c+u|]hL zAb
:ndn] :d]; jf aË cyf{t s'g} s'/fdf hf]8 lbg', s;}nfO{ dft lbg' jf k5fg{' jf cfnf]rgf ug'{ eGg] a'lemG5 .
c+u|]hL efiffdf jfrg ul/g] 6f]/f]G6f] kf]O6«L :nddf k'u]kl5 ToxfFsf] jftfj/0f g} sljtfdo x'g] ub{5 eg]
;flxTok|lt ?lr /fVg]x?sf] pT;fx b]v]/ k|:tf]tfnfO{ ;flxTo l;{hgf ug{ cem pT;fx / pmhf{ k|fKt x'g] u/]sf]
b]lvG5 .

e]g]h'onfsf /fi6«klt / dfcf]jfbL

x\o'uf] rfe]hsf] b]xjzfgkl5 e]g]h'onf zf]sfs'n ePsf] lyof] . dfq %* j;Gt b]v]sf rfe]h
e]g]h'onfsf hgtfsf] dgdf a;]sf lyP / pgn] cfk\mgf] hgtfnfO{ ul/laaf6 d'QmL lbnfpg b]zdf qmfGtL
NofPsf lyP . So'afsf g]tf sf:6«f]af6 k|efljt rfe]hn] ;fDojfbL gLltnfO{ cfk\mgf] cfbz{ agfP/ ;+3if{df
cf]ln{Psf lyP . pgL hgtfsf nflu b]jb"t lyP eg] c? afdkGyLsf nflu k|]/0ffsf ;|f]t ag]sf lyP . !((@
df ;Qf sAhf ug{ e]g]h'onfsf tTsflng /fi6«klt sfnf]{; k]/]h lj?4 c;kmn ljb|f]x u/]/ b'O{ jif{ h]n ;d]t
a;]sf lyP . t/ !((* sf] r'gfjdf %^ k|ltzt dt NofP/ /fi6«klt ag]kl5 pgn] k5fl8 kms]{/ x]g'{ k/sf]
lyPg . blIf0f cd]l/sfs} k|efjzfnL g]tfsf ?kdf :yflkt ePsf zfe]gnfO{ cd]l/sfsf] s6\6/ lj/f]wLsf ?kdf
x]l/GYof] . ;Qfdf cfPkZrft cfk\mgf] cg's'nsf] /fhg}lts jftfj/0f agfpg pgn] !((( df b]zsf] gfd g}
kl/jt{g u/fP/ af]lnleofaf6 af]lnleofnL u0ftGq e]g]h'onf agfP eg] ;lDjwfgdf ;d]t kl/jt{g / k'g{n]vg
u/fP/ a9Ldf b'O{ sfo{sfnsf nflu dfq /xg] /fi6«kltsf] kbnfO{ clglZrtsflng cjlwdf kl/0ft u/fO{
lg/Gt/ d[To' ko{Gt ;Qfdf a;]/ !$ jif{;Dd zf;g u/] . rfe]hn] /fi6« / /fli6«otfsf lg/Gt/ ;+3if{ u/]/ u/La
hgtfnfO{ u/LaLsf] /]vfaf6 dfly k'¥ofpg ;a}sf nflu lzIff, :jf:Yo / ;:tf] vfBfGgdf hf]8 lbb} uP/
e]g]h'onfnfO{ ljsl;t /fi6«sf ?kdf pEofpg ;kmn ePsf lyP . pgn] cfk\mgf] qmfGtLsf/L af]lnef/fg ;+3if{
;+u7gnfO{ lj:tf/ u/]/ k|To]sf ufFp / 6f]n6f]ndf sfplG;n :yfkgf u/fP/ kf6L{ dha't agfpgsf ;fy}
hgtfsf] glhs /x]/ sfd ub}{ cfk\mgf] k|efj 5f]8\b} uP . tNnf] ju{sf] k|ltlglwTj ub}{ ;}lgs hLjgaf6 ;Qfdf
k'u]sf rfe]hn] ufpF ufpFsf u/La hgtfsf nflu ;:tf] xf]6n / cfjZos ;fdfgsf nflu ;:tf] k;nx?
vf]n]/ hgtfnfO{ k]6e/L vfg] Joj:yf ldnfP . l5d]sL d'n'saf6 lzIfs / :jf:YosdL{ af]nfP/ ufFpufpFdf
lgz'Ns lzIff / :jf:Yo pknAw u/fP . pgn] u/La hgtfnfO{ ef]s / /f]uaf6 d'QmL lbnfpgsf ;fy} lzlIft
agfpg z}lIfs ;+:yfx?sf] lgdf{0fdf k|fyldstf lbb} uPsf lyP . o;} sf/0fn] pgL hgtfsf lk|o lyP c?
;fDojfbL /fi6«n] klg pgsf] kb lrGxdf lx8\g yfn]sf] lyof] eg] lj/f]wLsf nflu zq' klg ag]sf lyP . t/
hgtfsf lk|o ePsfn] g} c:ktfn z}ofaf6 r'gfj n8\bf ;d]t %% k|ltzt dt NofP/ ljhoL ag]sf lyP .
cd]l/sfsf lj/f]wdf /x]s} sf/0f pgL O{/fg, So'af, pQ/ sf]l/of cflb /fi6«sf] glhs lyP . @ s/f]8 (! Nfv
hg;+Vof ePsf] e]g]h'onfnfO{ ljZjdf g} ljsl;t /fi6«sf ?kdf kl/ro lbnfpgdf dxTjk'0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x
u/]sf zfe]gsf] SofG;/af6 ut dfr{ % df d[To' ePkl5 /fi6«g} zf]sfs'n ag]sf] 5 . cd]l/sfn] xfdL h:tf]
cljsl;t b]znfO{ SofG;/ af8\b} 5 eg]/ cd]l/sg gLltsf] lj/f]w ub}{ cfPsf zfe]gsf] b]xjzfg SofG;/af6}
x'g uof] . pgn] !((* df klxnf]k6s r'gfj lht]/ !$ jif{sf] cfk\mgf] sfo{sfndf Pp6f ;DkGg /fi6«sf] ?kdf
pEofO{lbPsf 5g\ .
g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df s'/f ug'{ kbf{ !((^ b]lv z'?ePsf] dfcf]jfbLsf] hgo'4 @))^ df b; jif{sf] hg;+3if{kl5
lj/fd lnP/ @))* df hgtfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ g} b]z rnfpg] hgflwsf/ lbPsf] lyof] . e]g]h'onfsf lbjª\ut
g]tf x\o'uf] zfe]g h:t} ;fDojfbL ljrf/ lnP/ hgo'4df xfldP/ ;Qfdf k'u]sf dfcf]jfbLn] zfe]g h:t} klxnf
hgtf / kl5dfq cfk\mgf] / bnsf] nflu ;f]lrlbPsf] eP g]kfnL hgtfn] cfhsf] kl/l:ylt x]g'{ kg]{ lyPg .
zfe]gn] ;Qfdf cfpgf;fy klxnf] k|yldstfdf u/La hgtfnfO{ ;j{;'ne tl/sfaf6 lzIff, :jf:Yo / vfBfGg
pknAw u/fpg'df s]lGb|t lyof] eg] bf];|f] k|fyldstfdf dfq cfk\mgf] nflu ;Qf/f]x0fnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg'df /x]sf]
lyof] . To;}n] r'gfjdf hgtf pgL;Fu ePsfn] pgn] cfk'mnfO{ lg/Gt/ /fi6«kltdf agfO{/fVg ;+ljwfgdf
kl/jt{g ubf{ ;d]t lj/f]w / ljb|f]x ePg . dfcf]jfbLn] klg oxL ;fDojfbL g]tfn] b]vfPsf] kl/jt{gsf] af6f]sf]
cg'z/0f u/LlbPsf] eP cfhsf] ldlt;Dd k|r08g} b]zsf] k|wfgdGqL /xL/xg] lyP . t/ rf8} wgL aGg] rfxgfsf]
kl5 nfu]/ dfcf]jfbLn] hgtfsf] ljZjf;dfq 6'6fPgg\ kf6L{;d]t tf]8]/ 5f]8L lbP . cfh Pp6f dfcf]jfbL
r'gfjsf] kIfdf 5g\ eg] csf]{ ljkIfdf . r'gfjsf] lj/f]wdf Pp6f dfcf]jfbLn] g]kfn aGb u/fP/ b}lgs s/f}+8f]
?lkofsf] vlt u/fP/ hgtfnfO{ ef]sf] k]6 ;'Tg afWo u/fO{/x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{ dfcf]jfbL r'gfjdf uP/ hgfb]z
lnP/ km]/L ;Qf cf/f]x0f ug]{ ;kgf ;hfP/ a;]sf] 5 . g]kfnL /fhgLltdf nfu]sf bn egf}+bfx? Psflt/ Gofo
;]jfsf k|wfg GofolwznfO{ x'k|faf6 a9'jf ub}{ b]zsf] k|wfgdGqL agfP/ k|hftGqsf] j:tx/0f u/]/ r'gfjsf]
gf}6ª\sL b]vfO{/x]sf 5g\ eg] csf]{lt/ dfcf]jfbLsf n8fs'nfO{ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] dxf;]gfgL -s0f]{n_ agfP/ cfk\mgf]
:jfy{ k'/f ub}{ 5g\ . b]zdf u'08fubL{ ub}{ lx8\g] 8gx? xfd|f g]tfsf c+u/Ifs eP/ z/0f kfO{ /x]sf 5g\ eg] b]z
pwf]ultdf uPsf]df lg:jfy{ lj/f]w ug]{ b]zaf6 lgld6\ofDd eO{;s]sf 5g\ . ca ;a} bnx? r'gfjsf] dnxd
nufP/ hgtfnfO{ kL8faf6 cf/fd lbg] c;kmn k|of;df sfo{/t\ 5g\ . t/ cfhsf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf r'gfj eP
klg cfk\mgf] lhpHofgsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu dtbfg ug{ hgtf :j]R5fn] hfg] x'g jf xf]Ogg\ eGg]df g} ;+sf pAhg
yfn]sf] 5 .

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u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3, cGt/fl6«o ;dGjo kl/ifb, dlxnf ;x–;+of]hs tyf ;lqmo ;dfh ;]jL /fwf
a:g]tsf] cWoIftfdf ut dfr{ ( tfl/vsf lbg Sofgf8fsf] /fhwfgL c6jfdf cGt/{fli6«o dlxnf lbj;\sf]
pknIodf ljz]if sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . /fwf a:g]tsf] ;+of]hg tyf g]kfnL b"tfjf;sf] ;xof]udf
;DkGg !^ jif{b]lv &@ jif{sf ljleGg If]q tyf k]zfsf dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . cfof]hssf
tkm{af6sfo{qm
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/]vf >]i7sf] ljz]if :jfut ub}{ dlxnf / k'?ifaLrsf] ;dfgtfsf] cfjZostf /x]sf] / g]kfn tyf g]kfnaflx/ x'g]
ul/Psf dlxnfdflysf] e]befjsf] cGTo x'g' kg]{ ljrf/ /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .
g]kfn ;/sf/sf tkm{af6 g]kfnL b'tfjf;sf k|yd ;lrj tf/f kf]v/]nn] dlxnf clwsf/ / ;dfgtfsf
nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ ;b}j k|lta4 /xb} cfPsf] atfpFb} Sofgf8fsf g]kfnL dlxnfx?sf] hf]z, hfFu/, nugzLntf
/ pT;fxsf] k|;+zf ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . g]kfnL b'tfjf;sf] sfof{no sIfdf ;DkGg pQm dlxnf uf]i7Ldf tf/f
pk|]tL, /]Zdf bfxfn, 8f= O{zf/f dxt, >LdtL d~h' e6\6/fO{, >LdtL tf/f /fO{ cflbn] dlxnf clwsf/ / dlxnf
zf]if0fsf af/]df cfcffk\mgf] ljrf/ /fVg' ePsf lyP . jQmx?n] dkxnf ;Lk ljsf;sf] ;dGjotf, dlxnf
lzIffsf] cfjZostf, dlxnf ;r]ttf sfo{qmdsf] cfjZostfdfly hf]8 lbb} ;g\ !(@) df Sofgf8fsf
dlxnfx?n] cfk\mgf] clwsf/sf nflu n8]/ ;dfhdf ;dfgtfsf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf u/]sf] jf:tljstf atfpFb}
g]kfnL dlxnfx? Clxn];Dd klg cfk\mgf] clwsf/sf nflu nl8 /x]sf] / dlxnfx?sf] ?U0f cj:yfsf af/]df
ljrf/ k|s6 u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmdsf] cGTodf cfof]hssf tkm{af6 /fwf a:g]tn] dlxnfdflysf] lx+;f,
a]rljvfgsf] cGTo geP;Dd ;dfgtfsf] s'/f cufl8 ga9\g] eGb} 5f]/LnfO{ klg ;dfhdf 5f]/f ;dfgsf]
bhf{sf] cfjZostf /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . xfdLaLr /x]sf] 5f]/f5f]/LaLrsf] e]befjsf] cGTo geP;Dd dlxnf
lbj;\ dgfpg'sf] s'g} cf}lrTo g/x]sf] atfpg' eof] . jxfFn] o;/L dgfOg] dlxnf lbj;\sf sfo{qmdx?af6
dlxnfdf ;dfgtfsf nflu n8\g] pmhf{ k|bfg u5{ eGb} c6jfsf dlxnfx?nfO{ g]kfnL ;dfhdf ;dfgtfsf]
jftfj/0f agfpg kl/jt{gsf nflu ;+jfxssf ?kdf k|:t't x'g cg'/f]w ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
t];|f] 6f]/f]G6f] g]kfnL rnlrq dxf]T;j ;DkGg
@)!) b]lv 6f]/f]G6f]df cWoog/t\ g]kfnL ljBfyL{x?sf] k|of;af6 z'?ePsf] 6f]/f]G6f] g]kfnL rnlrq dxf]T;j
(TNFF) n] cfk\mgf] t];|f] dxf]T;jnfO{ b'O{ lbg;Dd b;j6f syfgs tyf 8s'd]G6«L rnlrqx?sf] k|bz{g u/fP/
dgfof] . dlxnf lbj;sf lbg ut * dfr{df Sofgf8fsf nflu dxfdlxd /fhb"t 8f= ef]h/fh l3ld/]sf]
;d'kl:yltdf z'ef/De ePsf] dxf]T;jdf ;'hftf yfkfn] :jfut dgtJoaf6 ;Dk"0f{ k|fof]hsx?, :jod\;]js
tyf pkl:yt bz{snfO{ :jfut tyf s[t1tf k|bfg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] rnlrq lg0ff{os d08nLsf tkm{af6
k|bz{g ul/g] rnlrqsf af/]df d~h'>L yfkfn] hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . o;k6s tLghgf dlxnf
lg0ff{os /x]sf] d08nLdf yfkf;Fu /fhL cof{n / zln{g aDaf]6 /xg' ePsf] lyof] . pQm cj;/df Sofgf8fsf
v]ns"b /fHo dGqL afn uf];fnn] k7fpg' ePsf] ;Gb]z lhdL l3ld/]n] k9]/ ;'gfpg' ePsf] lyof] . klxnf] lbgsf]
sfo{qmddf g]kfnsf afdkGyL g]tf dbg e08f/Lsf] !& dO{ !((# sf lbg bf;9'Ëfdf df]6/ b'3{6gfdf k/L
c;fdlos lgwgsf af/] ePul/Psf cg';Gwfgsf cfwf/df b'3{6gfeGbf a9L xTof ul/Psf]af/] ;To 36gfdf
cfwfl/t rnlrq “bf;9'Ëf”sf] k|bz{g ePsf] lyof] eg] bf];|f] lbg w'nf], ;]nkmf]g, afFG;'nL, kmN; :k|LË, Og]dL
ckm 3f]:6, of]df/L of afGvfg cflb n3'Qd -(b]lv !& ldg6 cjlwsf]_ sf cltl/Qm sf7df8f}+, d's'08f] /
l5ª\tfË 8;gn lAne O{g l6o;{ cfwf306fb]lv !)% ldg6sf syfTds 8s'rnlrq k|bz{g el/Psf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf] cGTodf 6f]/f]G6f]sf snfsdL{x? b[Z6L, g]xf, :j]R5f, lbk, Ph] cflb snfsf/x?af6af6 ;f+:s[lts
sfo{qmdsf] k|:t'lt ;d]t ePsf] lyof] eg] Sofgf8fdf lj:tf/} afnsnfsf/sf ?kdf cfk\mgf] :yfg agfpFb} cl3
a9L /x]sf tLg jifL{o cfo{g afF;sf]6fn] a'jf k|lbk afF;sf]6fsf] afF;'/L w'gdf dfbn ahfP/ pkl:yt ;a}nfO{
rlst agfO{lbPsf lyP .
o; k6s 6f]/f]G6f] g]kfnL rnlrq dxf]T;j (TNFF) n] b;j6f 8s'd]G6«L rnlrqx? ;f8] 5 306fsf]
;dofjwLdf k|bz{g u/fPsf] lyof] eg] nueu Ps 306fsf] 6f]/f]G6f]sf g]kfnL k|tLefx?sf] k|:t'tL /x]sf] lyof] .
b'O{ lbg;Dd rn]sf] rnlrq dxf]T;jn] pNn]vgLo hg;xeflutf a9fpg ;s]sf] eg] b]lvPg . ;xL tl/sfaf6
k|rf/k|;f/ geP/ klg bz{g a6'Ng g;s]sf u'gf;fx? klg ;'lgof] eg] k'/fgf rnlrqx?sf] ;dfj];Ln] klg
dxf]T;j lkmtnf] agfPsf] x'g;Sg] cg'dfg klg sfl6Psf] lyof] . o;k6s k|blz{t b;j6f rnlrqx?df
“d's'08f]” n] a9L rrf{ kfPsf] lyof] / bz{ssf] /f]hfO{ -lkk'N; RjfO{; cjf8{_ k'/:sf/af6 k'/:s[t klg ePsf]
lyof] . To:t} lg0ff{os d08nLaf6 -h'/L cjf8{_ “afG;'nL” 8s'd]G6«L rnlrqn] k'/:sf/ kfPsf] lyof] . t/
cheGbf !# jif{cl3 l5l/Ë z]kf{sf] lgb]{zgdf ag]/ rrf{df cfPsf] tyf &# cf}+ c:s/df ljb]zL efiffsf]
rnlrqsf nflu k7fO{P tfklg dgf]lgt gePsf] “d's'08f]” rnlrqsf] k|bz{gaf6 dxf]T;jsf] k/Dk/fnfO{
slt;Dd lg/Gt/tf lbg ;S5f}+ .
6f]/f]G6f] g]kfnL rnlrq dxf]T;j (TNFF) o'jfx?af6 k|f/De ul/Psf] tyf g]kfnL rnlrqnfO{ Sofgf8fsf
bz{x?dfem k'¥ofpg] Pp6f ;zQm dfWod aGb} uPsf] 5 . Pp6f /fd|f] k|of;sf] yfngL ePsf] 5 . of] k|of;nfO{
cem Jofkstf k|bfg ub}{ ;xeflutf a9fpg ljzfn 6f]/f]G6f]sf g]kfnL g]kfnL a'4Llhlj, g]kfnL ;+3;+:yf tyf
g]kfnL b"tfjf;;Fu ldn]/ ;xsfo{ u/]sf] v08df gofF 8s'rnlrqx?sf] k|j]z;Fu} bz{s / k|fof]hs klg a9fpg
;lsg] ljZjf; lng ;lsG5 . o;nfO{ 6f]/f]G6f]df dfq ;Lldt g/fv]/ g]kfnLx?sf] afx'Notf /x]sf] Sofgf8fsf
cGo k|fGt / zx/x?df klg lj:tf/ ug{ ;lsG5 .
Pg=cf/=Pg= Sofgf8fsf] /Qmbfg sfo{qmd
ut dfr{ ! / @ sf lbg An8 8f]g];g Pzf]l;P;gsf cWoIf / !)& k6s /Qmbfg u/]/ /Qmbfg cleofgnfO{
cufl8 a9fpb} cfpg' ePsf ch'{g d}gfnLsf] pkl:yltdf Pg=cf/=Pg= Sofgf8fsf] cfof]hgfdf ;fd'lxs /Qmbfg
sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ePsf] lyof] . Sofgf8fsf g]kfnL ;d'bfonfO{ /Qmbfgsf nflu k|f]T;flxt ug{ Go'of]s{af6
cfk\mgf] !)* k6ssf] /Qmbfg ug{sf nflu dfq cfpg' ePsf ch'{g d}gfnLsf] /Qmbfgaf6 z'?ePsf] o;
sfo{qmddf ljzfn 6f]/]fG6f]af6 !^ hgfn] /Qmbfg u/]/ k/f]ksf/L k/Dk/fsf] yfngL u/]sf] lyof] . Pg=cf/=Pg=
Sofgf8fsf dxf;lrj uf]kLs[i0f sfk\mn]af6 k|]l;t lj1KtL cg';f/ Pg=cf/=Pg= Sofgf8fn] /Qmbfg sfo{qmdnfO{
lg/Gt/tf lbb}hfg] ePsf]n] cfk\mgf] jflif{s ;Dd]ngdf cfpbf] h'g @( / #) sf lbg klg /Qmbfg sfo{qmdsf
/flvPsf] / Pg=cf/=Pg= Sofgf8fsf k|To]s k|fGtdf klg o:tf] k|sf/sf] k/f]ksf/L sfo{qmd /fVg] hfgsf/L
u/fpg' ePsf] 5 .
ljzfn 6f]/f]G6f]df t];|f] dlxnf lbj; ;DkGg
ljut b'O{ jif{b]lv ljzfn 6f]/f]G6f]df g]kfnLh\ Sofg]l8og sDo'lg6L ;le{;];\ -Pg=l;=l;=P;=_ n] cfof]hgf ub}{
cfPsf] cGt/f{li6«o dlxnf lbj;\ ljleGg If]qsf dlxnfx?sf] cg'ej / dlxnf ;zlQms/0fsf af/]df ljrf/
ljd;{sf ;fy ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . Pgl;l;P;sf cWoIf /d]z k|;fO{sf] :jfut dGtJoaf6 z'?ePsf]
sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly k|f= PGh]nf dfO{N;\af6 k/Dk/fut kfg;df aQL afn]/ z'ef/De ul/Psf] Pgl;l;P;sf]
t];|f] dlxnf lbj;\ sfo{qmddf k|d'v aQmfsf ?kdf cfpg' ePsL k|f= PGh]nfn] ljZsf dlxnfx?sf] cj:yfsf
af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpFb} dlxnf ;zlQms/0fdf xfdL ;a}n] hf]8 lbg' kg]{ / dlxnfx?nfO{ pgLx?sf] clwsf/af6
cjut\ u/fpg o:tf] k|sf/sf] cGtlqm{of sfo{qmdx?n] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ atfpFb} o:tf sfo{df ;a}sf]
PSoa4tf rflxg] atfpg' eof] . Pgl;l;P;s} kxnaf6 @))$ b]lv ;+rfng ub}{cfPsf] g]kfnL sIffsL lzlIfsf
zdf pkfWofon] yf]/} ljBfyL{x?af6 ;+rfng cf/De ul/Psf] g]kfnL sIffdf cfh ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vof %# hgf
k'u]sf] / klxnf Pshgfdfq lzlIfsf /x]sf]df xfn b'O{hgf lzlIfsfaf6 sIff ;+rfng x'Fb} cfPsf] / ljBfyL{sf]
;+Vof a9]sf] v08df 6f]/f]G6f] :s'n af]8{n] tLgj6f sIff ;+rfng ug]{ cg'dlt lbg] ePsf]af/] hfgsf/L u/fpFb}
g]kfnaflx/ g]kfnL efiffsf] cl:tTj /x]dfq xfdL g]kfnLx?sf] cl:tTj /xg]ePsf]n] cfk\mgf s]6fs]6LnfO{ g]kfnL
efiffsf] lzIf0f clgjfo{ u/fpg cg'/f]w ug'{ eof] . csf{ jQmf dlxnf clwsf/sdL{ gL/f w/]nn] g]kfnL dlxnf
/ dlxnf clwsf/ ;DaGwL cfk\mgf cg'ejx? ;'gfpFb} clwsf/sf nflu ;+3if{sf] cfjZostf h?/L /xg]
jf:tljstfnfO{ ljleGg pbfx/0fsf ;fy cleJoQm ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . To:t} cfly{s ;Nnfxsf/ sdnf ?kfv]tLn]
dlxnfn] rfx]df 3/ aGg ;S5 eg] dlxnfs} sf/0faf6 3/ eTsg] u/]sf] atfpFb} h:tf] ;'s} cK7\of/f]
kl/l:yltdf klg dlxnfn] cf6 ug{ ;s] hxfF klg k'Ug ;Sg] cfk\mgf] cg'ej / ;+3if{sf af/]df ljrf/ /fVg'
ePsf] lyof] . Pgl;l;P; ;b:o c?0f kf}8\o]nn] dlxnf ;dfgtf / dlxnf clwsf/sf af/] cfk\mgf] wf/0ff /fVb}
k'/f0fdf dlxnfnfO{ zQmLsf ?kdf dflgPtfklg k/fk"j{sfnb]lv g} ;dfhdf dlxnf cjx]lnt x'Fb} cfPsf]n] dlxnf
cfkm}n] cfk\mgf] clwsf/sf nflu n8\g' kg]{ eGg' eof] . pQm sfo{qmddf ;fdflhs clwsf/sdL{ dfu|]6 sf];fg /
ddtf 9sfnn] dlxnf clwsf/ tyf dlxnf ;dfgtfsf nflu dlxnf ;zlQms/0fsf] cfjZostfsf af/]df
cfk\mgf cg'ej tyf ljrf/x? /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .
/flwsf v/]n / lr/g l3ld/]af6 g]kfnL / c+u|]hL efiffdf ;dfgfGt/ ?kdf ;+rfng ul/Psf] sfo{qmdsf]
aLraLrdf /flwsfn] dlxnf ;dfgtf / dlxnf clwsf/sf uLt ufP/ tyf sljtfsf k+lQmx? ;'gfP/
sfo{qmdnfO{ cem /f]rs agfpFb} uPsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf] qmddf xfdL g]kfnaf6 oxfF cfO{;s]sf
dlxnfx? eGbf a9L o; ;DaGwdf g]kfnsf u|fld0f dlxnfx?nfO{ ;r]t u/fpg' kg]{ / To;sf nflu xfdLn]
oxfFaf6 7f]; sbd rfNg ;s]dfq oxfF dlxnf lbj;\ dgfPsf] ;fy{stf /xg] efjgf cleJoQm ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf] cGTodf 6f]/f]G6f] g]kfnL rnlrq pT;jaf6 ;f}hGo dlxnf clwsf/df cfwfl/t 8s'd]G6«L rnlrq
dnfdLsf] k|bz{g ul/Psf] lyof] .
Sofgf8faf6 ;?eQmsf] ækfun-a:tLæ ca ljb'tLo ;+:s/0fdf
g]kfnL ;flxTosf k':tsx¿nfO{ ljZje/ km}nfpg] p2]Zon] :yflkt Oa'se08f/n] cfk\mgf] klxnf] sf];]nL :j?k
k|l;4 ;flxTosf/ ;?eQmsf] dbg k'/:sf/ k|fKt ax'rlr{t pkGof; ækfun-a:tLæsf] ljb'tLo ;+:s/0f -
ebook_ ahf/df NofPsf] 5 / of] lstfa cfOKof8, cfOkmf]g, cfO{k8 6r cflbdf k9\gsf] nflu PKknsf]
O-a's e08f/df lsÌ ;lsG5 eg] sDKo'6/, cG8«f]O8 6\ofAn]6 / kmf]gdf k9\gsf] nflu u'unsf] O-a's k;ndf
lsÌ ;lsg] s'/f Oa'se08f/n] hgfPsf] 5 .
ljZje/ 5l/P/ /x]sf g]kfnLx¿sf nflu g]kfnL ;flxTosf s[ltx¿ k9\g] ;dfg cj;/ k|fKt xf]: eÌ] p2]Zon]
k|sflzt ljb\o'tLo ;+:s/0fx? ;a} h;f] sDKo'6/, 6\ofAn]6 / kmf]gx?df k9\g ;Sg] u/L agfOPsf 5g\ .
ljb\o'tLo k|sfzgsf nflu k|flalws sfo{ Sofgf8faf6 O-a'se08f/86sd -ebookbhandar=com_ n] ug]{ eP
klg o;sf] laj|mL ljt/0f u'un / PKkn h:tf :yflkt lstfa k;nx?dfkm{t x'g] x'gfn] kf7sx? 9'Ss eP/ oL
lstfax? lsÌ ;Sg] s'/f O-a's e08f/sf ;+:yfks ;b:o Sofgf8fsf] SofNu/L lgjf;L 8f w|'a lqkf7L
atfpg'x'G5 / g]kfnL ;flxlTos s[ltx¿sf] ljb\o'tLo k|sfzgsf] cfjZostfdfly k|sfz kfb}{ 8f lqkf7L
yKg'x'G5, clxn] lab]zdf /xg] ;a}h;f] g]kfnLx?;+u O-l/8/, 6\ofAn]6, :df6{kmf]g jf Nofk6k sDKo'6/ cflb
lstfa k9\g ldNg] Uofh]6 x'g] x'gfn] sfuhL lstfasf] ;f6f] O-lstfasf] ahf/ la:tf/ ug{ z'? ug]{ of] eGbf
/fd|f] ;do c? x'g} ;Sb}g . lstfa lsÌ k;n hfg' gkg]{ / OG6/g]6 hf]l8Psf] s'g} klg l8efO;af6 gofF
lstfa lsÌ ldNg], Ps k6s lsg] kl5 hxfF;'s} / h'g;'s} l8efO;df klg k9\g ;lsg] x'gfn] O-lstfa
k/Dk/fut lstfjsf] t'ngfdf lgs} ;lhnf 5G/ sfuhsf] k|of]u gx'g] x'gfn] aftfa/0fd}qL ;d]t x'g] x'Fbf
O-lstfax?n] rf8} g} kf7ssf] dg lhTg] s'/fdf 8f lqkf7L 9'Ss x'g'x'G5 .
ljb'tLo k|sfzgsf] cfj:ostf cf}Nofpb} g]kfnL ;flxTonfO{ ljZjJofkL agfpgsf] nflu ca ;do;fk]If
k|ljlwsf] k|of]u u/L ljZj ahf/sf] k|lt:kw{fdf plqg'kg]{ a]nf cfO;s]sf] s'/f ;flxTosf/ ;?eQm atfpg'x'G5/
ljZje/L 5l/P/ /x]sf g]kfnL ;flxTok|]dLx¿sf ;fd' g]kfnL ;flxTosf s[ltx¿ k'o{fpg'sf ;fy} c+u|]hLdf ;d]t
cg'jfb u/L ljZjahf/df k|j]z ug{ ;s] g]kfnL ;flxTonfO{ cGt//fi6l\/o :t/df lrgfpg ;lsg] s'/fdf
;?eQm ljZj:t x'g'x'G5 .
O-a's e08f/n] o; cleofgaf6 cflh{t cfo klg g]kfnL ;flxTosf ;|i6fx¿sf] ;+/If0f / ;flxTosf] ljsf;d}
vr{ ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf] / ;?eQm ;/f]sf/ s]Gb|;+usf] ;xsfo{df k|sflzt kfun-a:tLsf] laj|mLaf6 hDdf x'g]
;Dk"0f{ cfDbfgL s]Gb|dfkm{t ;flxTosf/ ;?eQmsf yk s[ltx¿sf] k|sfzg / cg'jfbdf vr{ ul/g] s'/f Oa's
e08f/sf k|jt{s Clif a:tfsf]6L dfkm{t yfxf ePsf] 5/ a:tfsf]6Lsf cg';f/ lgs6 eljiodf c?
;flxTosf/x¿sf nf]slk|o s[ltx¿ klg Oa'se08f/df yKb} hfg] / OR5's dxfg'efjx¿n] oL k':tsx¿
ebookbhandar=com df lSns u/L ;z'Ns k9\g ;Sg] Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] 5 eg] OR5's n]vsx¿n]
k|sfzgsf] nflu l;w} Oa'se08f/df ;Dks{ ug{ ;Sg'x'g]5 .
Sofgf8fsf dGqLn] r'gfj cfrf/ ;+xLtf pnª\3g u/]sf]n] /flhgfdf
Sofgf8fsf cfGtl/s/fHo Joj:yf dGqL lk6/ k]gf;'On] cfk'mn] @)!! sf] r'gfjsf] a]nf cfly{s rGbf ;+sng
u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePkl5 cfk\mgf] kbaf6 /flhgfdf lbgsf ;fy} cfk'mn] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ n]a|f8f]/ r'gfj If]qsf]
;+f;b kbaf6 ;d]t /flhgfdf lbPsf 5g\ . cfk'mn] hgtfsf nflu eg]/ sfd ub}{ cfPsf] / hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj
u/]/ ;f+;b ePsf] atfpb} r'gfjsf] nflu s]xL ;xof]u lnPsf] :jLsfb}{ o;nfO{ cfrf/ ;+xLtf ljkl/t
dflgPsf]n] /flhgfdf lbPsf] eGb} To; If]qdf x'g k'gM r'gfjdf cfk'm km]/L pDj]bjf/ ag]/ hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj
ug]{ atfPsf 5g\ . On]S;g Sofgf8fsf cg';f/ pgn] #) xhf/ 8n/ r'gfj cfrf/ ;+xLtf ljkl/t vr{ ul/Psf]
ph'/Lsf cfwf/df cg';Gwfg ubf{ bf]ifL kfOPkl5 sfg"gL sf/jfxL ul/Psf] lyof] . of] #) xhf/ 8n/ lk6/
k]gf;'On] Sofgf8fsf] cfly{s k|zf;g ljefu l/l;e/ h]g]/nnfO{ a'emfO;s]sf 5g\ . lk6/sf cg';f/ pgsf
Pshgf :jod\ ;]jsn] r'gfjsf] cfrf/ ;+xLtfaf/] yfxf gkfP/ of] /sd a'em]sf] / o;af/] cfk'mnfO{ s'g}
hfgsf/L gePsf] atfP tfklg ljkIfLx?n] of] d'2fnfO{ ;bgdf p7fPkl5 pgn] /flhgfdf lbg' k/]sf] lyof] .

Sofg]l8og g]jfM u'7Lsf] lgz'Ns 6]S; SofDk ;+rfng

ljzfn 6f]/f]G6f]df ;fdflhs sfo{ ub}{ cu| k+QmLdf /x]sf] Sofg]l8og g]jfM u'7Ln] ut jif{ h:t} o; jif{ klg
ev{/ Sofgf8f cfPsf gjcfuGt's cfk|jf;L g]kfnL ;d'bfo tyf e'6fgLd'nsf g]kfnLx?sf nflu jflif{s s/
ljj/0f (Yearly Tax Return) bflvnfsf nflu el/g] s/ kmf/d eg]{ sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg lgz'Ns s/
SofDksf] cfof]hgf ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . u'7Ln] 6f]/f]G6f]df ToxfF cjl:yt g]kfnL ;+:yf g]kfnLh Sofg]l8og sDo'lg6L
;le{;]; -Pg=l;=l;=P;=_ ;+u ldn]/ ;+o'Qm ?kdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] eg] :sf/af]/f] / a|fx\6gdf cfkm} ;+rfng
u/]sf] lyof] . o; sfo{sf nflu u'7LnfO{ /]leGo' Sofgf8f Ph]G;Lsf] sDo'lg6L ef]n]lG6o/ O{gsd k|f]u|fdn] ;xof]u
ug]{ ePsf] 5 . g]jf u'7Lsf ;b:o s/ ljb\x? /lag k|wfg, /fh]g >]i7 / g/]z tfd|fsf/sf] ;xof]udf ;+rfng
ul/g] o; lgz'Ns s/kq bflvnf ug]{ df}sf @)!@ df Sofgf8fdf cfk|jf; u/]sf g]kfnLx?n] dfq kfPsf lyP .
o;/L lgz'Ns ;+rfng ul/g] s/ lSnlgsx? lgDgcg';f/ ldlt / ;dodf ;+rfng ul/g]af/] Sofg]l8og g]jf
u'7L cfk\mgf] lj1KtLdf pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . h; dWo] klxnf] s/ lSnlgs dfr{ !) sf lbg :sf/af]/f] If]qdf
;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . hxfF g]kfnL ;d'bfosf cltl/Qm e'6fgL d'nsf g]kfnLx?sf] klg pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
bf];|f] s/ lSnlgs ut !& dfr{ cfO{taf/sf lbg Pg=l;=l;=P;= ;+usf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf j]n]:nL sDo'lg6L
xndf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . t];|f] s/ lSnlgs g]jf u'7Ln] cfpbf] zlgaf/ #) ut]sf lbg %)) /] n;g a'n]a8,
a|fx\D6gdf ;+rfng ug]{ ePsf] 5 .

gSsnL z/0ffyL{sf] cfudgdf sdL

Sofgf8f ;/sf/n] ut @)!@ l8;]Da/ !%b]lv nfu' u/]sf] gofF z/0ffyL{ lgodfjnL -l/k'mhL l/kmd{ lan_ nfu'
u/]kl5 &) k|ltzt z/0ffyL{sf nflu ul/g] cfj]bgdf s6f}tL ePsf] 5 . ljutsf jif{df x'g] ul/Psf z/0ffyL{sf
cfj]bsx? dfly u/g] vr{df ;d]t Xf; cfPsf] 5 . cfk|jf;L tyf gful/s dGqL h];g s]gLsf cg';f/ gofF
z/0ffyL{ lgodfjnL nfu' ePkl5 Aofgf8fsf k|fGtLo / 6]l/6f]l/on ;/sf/n] z/0ffyL{x?dfly pgLx?sf] eQf -
;f]l;on j]nkm]o/_ ;Lkd"ns cWoog / cf}ifwL vr{df $@) ldlnog 8n/ art ug{ ;Sg] ePsf 5g] eg]
;/sf/n] z/0ffyL{dfly ul/g] vr{df gofF z/0ffyL{ lgodfjnL nfu' ePkl5 jflif{s b'O{ lalnog 8n/ art ug]{
ePsf] 5 . dGqL s]gLn] Sofgf8fnfO{ ;'/lIft tyf z/0ffyL{sf] bhf{ kfpg ;lhnf] /fi6«sf ?kdf lnP/ nfvf}
gSsnL z/0ffyL{x?n] z/0f lnPsf lyP t/ ca of] gofF z/0ffyL{ lgodfjnLn] gSsnLsf] klxrfg ;lhn}
nufpg ;lsg] / To:tf JolQmnfO{ t'/Gt} -#% b]lv tLg dlxgf leq}_ lkmtf{ k7fpg] af/] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] .
gofF z/0ffyL{ lgodfjnL cg';f/ z/0ffyL{sf cfj]bsnfO{ s'g} k|sf/sf] sfg"gL, :jf:Yo, z}lIfs / b}lgs cfly{s
;xof]u k|bfg ul/b}g .
Sofgf8f ;/sf/n] #% j6f d'n'sx?nfO{ clxn] c;'/lIft /fi6«sf] ;"lrdf /fv]sf] 5 . oL /fi6«x?df gful/snfO{
k|bfg ul/g] /fli6«o ;'/Iff / dfgjclwsf/sf] cj:yfnfO{ x]/]/ ;/sf/n] z/0ffyL{x?sf] d"Nofª\sg ug]{ ePsf] 5 .
o;/L ;"lrdf /flvPsf] #% j6f /fi6«df klg @& j6f /fi6«af6 ljutsf ^ jif{df ePul/Psf z/0ffyL{sf
cfj]bgx? Go'gdf em/]sf] 5 eg] xª\u]/Laf6 ljutsf jif{x?df ul/g] z/0ffyL{sf] cfj]bgdf (* k|ltztn] sdL
cfPsf] 5 . o;/L ;/sf/n] lj:tf/} gSsnL z/0ffyL{sf] lr7\7fnfO{ ;dfKt kfg]{ of]hgf /fv]sf]af/] k|sfz kfb}{
o;af6 gful/sx?n] lt/]sf] s/sf] k};f ;'/lIft /xg] / To;nfO{ /fi6« lgdf{0fsf] sfo{df vr{ ug{ ;lsg]
hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .
Sofgf8fdf cGt/f{li6«o ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vofdf j[l4
ut jif{ @)!@ df Sofgf8fn] ;a}eGbf a9L cGt/f{li6«o ljBfyL{ leq\ofP/ gofF /]sf8{ agfPsf] 5 . ut jif{
Psnfv cGt/f{li6«o ljBfyL{x? Sofgf8fdf cWoogfy{ cfPsf lyP . of] ;+Vof cl3Nnf jif{x?sf] t'ngfdf ^)
k|ltzt;Ddn] a9]sf] b]lvG5 . o;/L cGt/f{li6«o ljBfyL{sf] ;+Vofdf cfPsf] a9f]Q/Lsf af/]df k|sfz kfb}{
cfk|jf; tyf gful/s dGqL h];g s]gLn] ;/sf/n] z'? u/]sf] z}lIfs cfk|jf;sf gofF gLltn] ubf{ cGt/f{li6«o
ljBfyL{x?sf] cfudgn] b]zsf] cfly{s pGgtLnfO{ 6]jf lbg;Sg] ljZjf; /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . Sofgf8fdf /x]sf
pRr:t/Lo cWoog ;+:yfx?af6 pTs[i7 lzIff cfh{g ug{ cGt/f{li6«o ljBfyL{x? oxfF cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . oxfF
cfP/ cWoog ;+u;+u} cGt/f{li6«o ljBfyL{x?n] Sofgf8fsf] jfl;Gbfsf -kdf{g]G6 /]l;8]G;_ nflu Sofg]l8og
PS;]l/oG; sf]6faf6 cfj]bg ug{ klg kfpg] u5{g\ . o;/L cWoogsf nflu Sofgf8f cfPsf cGt/f{li6«o
ljBfyL{x?af6 ;/sf/n] jflif{s cf7 lalnog 8n/ cfh{g u/]/ /fi6«sf] cfly{s d]?808nfO{ alnof] agfpgdf
;xof]u k'Ub} cfPsf] af/] k|sfz kfb}{ dGqL s]gLn] oxL cGt/f{li6«o ljBfyL{x? dWo]af6 Sofgf8fn] ;Ifd / lzlIft
sfdbf/ kfpg yfn]sf]n] ljb]zL ;Ifd sfdbf/sf] cfjZostf 36\b} hfg] ljZjf; klg lnPsf 5g\ . xfn
Sofgf8f ;/sf/n] Sofgf8fsf nflu cfk|jf;L k|lqmofnfO{ /f]s]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] ;Ifd / lzlIft cfk|jf;L
cGt/f{li6«o ljBfyL{x?af6} cfpg] ljZjf;sf ;fy /fi6«sf] cy{tGqnfO{ ;d]t alnof] agfpg ;Sg] dfWodsf
?kdf cGt/f{li6«o ljBfyL{x?sf] cfudgnfO{ pRrk|fyldstfsf ;fy cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 .
ef/tLo cleg]qL ;Ldf ljZjf;nfO{ Sofgfl8og l:qmg Pj8{
Sofgf8fsf] c:s/sf ?kdf cufl8 a9fpb} n}hfg] pb]Zon] :yflkt Sofgfl8og l:qmg Pj8{ ljt/0f sfo{qmd ut
# dfr{sf lbg 6f]/f]G6f]df ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . Sofgf8fdf lgld{t Sofg]l8ogx?sf rnlrq tyf 6]nLrnlrqsf
cltl/Qm l8lh6n k|ljlwsf dfWodaf6 ;dfhnfO{ dgf]/~hg k|bfg ug]{ ;+rf/sf dfWod;Fu cfa4 ljleGg
snfsdL{ tyf k|fljlwsdL{x?nfO{ pgLx?sf] jif{lbgsf] sfo{ d'Nofª\sgsf cfwf/df k|bfg ul/g] Sofgfl8og
l:qmg Pj8{df l/an (Rebelle) / jf/ ljr (War Witch) n] !) j6f k'/:sf/x? kfPsf] lyP . l/an
rnlrqnfO{ o; jif{sf] ;j{>]i7 rnlrqsf] Sofgfl8og l:qmg Pj8{ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] o;sf lgdf{tf lsd
Gu'ofgnfO{ cdf}lns k6syfsf nflu Sofgfl8og l:qmg Pj8{ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . o;} rnlrqsf nflu /]rn
djfGhfnfO{ ;j{>]i7 cleg]qL / ;]u{ s]lGoG8fnfO{ ;j{>]i7 rl/qcleg]tfsf nflu Sofgfl8og l:qmg Pj8{ k|bfg
ul/Psf] lyof] . o;sf cltl/Qm 5fofª\sg, snf lgb]{zg, ;+kfbgsf nflu klg Sofgfl8og l:qmg Pj8{ k|bfg
ul/Psf] lyof] . c:s/sf nflu ;d]t dgf]lgt ePsf] l/annfO{ ljleGg cGt/f{li6«o rnlrq dxf]T;jx?df ;d]t
k'/:s[t ePsf] lyof] . ;j{>]i7 cleg]tfsf] k'/:sf/ l:6n dfO{g (Still Mine) sf nflu h]D; qmf]dj]nnfO{ k|bfg
ul/Psf] lyof] eg] ;j{>]i7 rl/qcleg]qLsf] Sofgfl8og l:qmg Pj8{ ef/tLo rnlrq tyf /+ud~rsL cleg]qL
 ;Ldf ljZjf;nfO{ bLkf d]xtfåf/f lgb]{lzt ljjfbf:kb n]vs ;Ndfg ?:bLsf] oxL gfdsf] pkGof;df cfwfl/t
rnlrq ld8gfO{6\; lrN8/]g (Midnight’s Children) sf nflu k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . o;} rnlrqsf nflu
?:bLnfO{ cdf}lns k6syfsf] Sofgfl8og l:qmg Pj8{ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .

klxnf]k6s z'ef/De ul/Psf] Sofgfl8og l:qmg Pj8{ sfo{qmddf Sofg]l8og rnlrq tyf 6]lnlehg;Fu cfj4
snfsf/ tyf k|ljlw1x?sf] pNn]vgLo pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . 6]lnlehgsf nflu ;j{>]i7 xfF:o >[+vnf n]; b]g
sfOG8 (Less Than Kind), pTs[i7 kfl/jfl/s >[+vnfsf nflu k\mn;kf]OG6 (Flashpoint) / pTs[i7 cGt/f{li6«o
>[+vnfsf nflu b af]lu{; (The Borgias) nfO{ Sofgfl8og l:qmg Pj8{ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . To:t} pTs[i7
l/ofln6L ;f]sf nlfu 8«]uG; 8]g (Dragons’ Den) k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] pTs[i7 ;dfrf/ jfrgsf nflu
lk6/ d]G;la|hnfO{ Sofgfl8og l:qmg Pj8{ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
z/0ffyL{sf] :jf:Yo ;]jfdf s6f}tL ePsf]df lj/f]w
Sofgf8f ;/sf/n] z/0ffyL{ k|lqmofdf gofF lgod nfu' u/]kl5 Sofgf8fdf /x]sf xhf/f}+ z/0ffyL{sf
cfj]bsx? cK7\of/f]df k/]sf 5 . z/0ffyL{sf cfj]bsx?nfO{ :jf:Yo ;]jf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ dfFusf ;fy
d'n'ssf 8fS6/ / jlsnx? ;/sf/sf] lgofsf ljkl/t cbfntdf hfg] ePsf 5g\ . o;sf nflu z/0ffyL{sf
nflu sfd ub}{ cfPsf lrlsT;s tyf jlsnx? ;/sf/sf lj?4 d'2f btf{ ug]{af/] ljrf/ ub}{ 5g\ . pgLx?sf
cg';f/ oxfF z/0ffyL{sf nflu cfj]bg lbg] ;a} cfj]bsnfO{ :jf:Yo ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] sfd ;/sf/sf] xf] eGb}
ut jif{b]lv :jf:Yo ;]jfdf ul/Psf s6f}+tLx?nfO{ k"gM nfu' u/fpg bjfj lbg] ePsf 5g\ . t/ gful/s tyf
cfk|jf; dGqL h];g s]gLn] :ki6 zAbdf xfdL hgtfsf] s/sf] k};f gSsnL z/0ffyL{ ag]/ cfPsf x?nfO{ s'g}
klg xfntdf glbg] eGb} o:tf gSsnL z/0ffyL{nfO{ rf8f]eGbf rf8f] k|lqmof k'¥ofP/ lgsfNg] cleofgdf ;/sf/
/x]sf]n] z/0ffyL{sf nflu ut l8;]Da/ !% b]lv gofF lgod nfu' u/fP/sf] atfpg' eof] . ut h'g @)!@ ;Dd
;/sf/n] k|To]s z/0ffyL{nfO{ ztk|ltzt :jf:Yo ;'ljwf lbb} cfPsf]af/] hfgsf/L u/fpFb} dGqL s]gLn] gSsnL
z/0ffyL{ eP/ Sofgf8fsf] :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] nfe lng]x? klg a9\b} uPsf]n] ;/sf/n] s8f lgod agfP/ nfu' ug'{
k/]sf] ;d]t hgfpg' eof] . o;/L z/0ffyL{ eP/ cfPsfx?nfO{ pgLx?sf] ;'gjfO{ geP;Dd / z/0ffyL{sf nflu
:jLs[lt gkfP;Ddsf nflu rf/–kfFr jif{;Dd vfga:g eQf;xLt :jf:Yo ;'ljwf kfpFb} cfPsf lyP . of] ;a
hgtfsf] s/sf] k};f lyof] . To;}n] ;/sf/n] c:ktfn / 8fS6/L hfFr u/fpg afx]ssf cGo ;a} k|sf/sf]
:jf:Yo ;'ljwfx?nfO{ s6f}tL ug{ afWo ePsf] hfgsf/L lbP . ca rfxL z/0ffyL{sf nflu cfj]bg ug]{ cfj]bssf]
/fi6«nfO{ ;/sf/n];'/lIft jf c;'/lIft s'g k|sf/sf] /fi6«sf ?kdf /fv]sf] 5 To;}df e/ kg]{ ePsf] 5 .
lnj/n bnn] ljBfyL{nfO{ C0fdf ;x'lnot lbg]
Sofgf8f ;/sf/n] pRr lzIff xfl;n ug{ rfxg] ljBfyL{nfO{ ;x'lnot Jofhdf ljBfyL{ C0f pknAw u/fpb}
cfPsf] 5 . Sofgf8fsf gful/sx?sf] ;GtfgnfO{ ;/sf/n] u|]h'P;g;Dd lgz'Ns lzIff k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
t/ lna/n bnsf g]tf dfs{ ufg]{pn] o;/L C0f lnP/ cfk\mgf] cWoog k'/f u/]sf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ha/h:tL
;/sf/L C0f lkmtf{ ug{ bafa glbP/ ljBfyL{x?sf] ;x'lnot cg';f/ sd;]sd jif{df rfln; xhf/ 8n/
sdfpg] hflu/ kfP/ ltg{ ;Sg] ePkl5 dfq ;/sf/L C0fsf nflu tfs]tf ug'{ kg]{ eGb} g]tf dfs{n] cfk\mgf]
bnsf] tkm{af6 sGhj]{l6e ;/sf/nfO{ bafa lbg] hfgsf/L u/fPsf 5g\ . jt{dfg cj:yfdf ljBfyL{ C0f lnP/
cWoog k'/f u/]sf ljBfyL{nfO{ ;/sf/n] hflu/ kfpgf;fy tf]stf ug{ yfn]sf] / Go'gtd\ eP klg j;'nL pk/
ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . lna/n g]tf dfs{n] ljBfyL{ C0f ;DaGwL cfk\mgf] k|:tfjdf ;/sf/n] clxn] lbb} cfPsf] ^
dlxgfsf] ;x'lnot ;donfO{ klg clglZrt ;dofjlwsf] agfpg' kg]{ dfFu /fv]sf 5g\ .
jif]{gL *@ ldlnog 8n/ cG6fl/of] k|fGtdf lxpF ;f]g]{ vr{
o; jif{sf] bf];|f] 7'nf] dfqfdf ut * / @& km/j/Lsf lbg k/]/ ;DejtM o; k6ssf] hf8f]sf] lxpF kg]{ sf]6f k'/f
eP h:tf] 5 . o; k6s klg ;f]r] cg';f/sf] a9Ldfqfdf lxpF gkgf{n] gu/kf;Lx? v'zL 5g\ . x'g t a|x\df08
jfidLs/0fsf sf/0f ljzfn 6f]/f]G6f]df lxpF kg]{ cfoftgdf sdL cfPsf] 5 . t/ !% b]lv @) O{~r eGbfdfly
lxpF kg{ yfn]kl5 To;nfO{ tx nufpg k|fGtLo ;/sf/n] xhf/sf] xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf cfk\mgf :gf] d'e/ jfxgx?
kl/rfng u/fP/ af6f] ;kmf kfg]{ sfd u/L xN5g\ . o;k6s ;+VofTds ?kdf lxpF sd k/] tfklg nfdf]
;do;Dd cyf{t dfr{sf] dWo;Dd k/]sf] lyof] . s]xL lbgdfq ePsf] lxdkftsf sf/0f cfjfudgdf k|efj ;d]t
k/]sf] lyof] .
Sofgf8fn] vf]Nof] wfld{s :jtGqtfsf] nflu sfof{no
cGttM Sofgf8f ;/sf/n] wfld{s :jtGqsf] nflu a]Un} sfof{no :yfkgf u/fP/ ax'efifL / ax';+:s[ltsf] b]zsf]
gfdn] kl/lrt Sofgf8fnfO{ ax'wfld{s b]zsf ?kdf klg pEofO{ lbPsf] 5 . ut ;ftf k|wfgdGqL :6]kmg xfk{/n]
Ps ;df/f]xsfaLr ljZjdf b]vfk/]sf] wfld{s cft+sn] wd{k|lt cf:yf /fVg]x?sf nflu hf]lvd aGb} uPsf] 5 .
ljZjsf ;a} /fi6«n] cfk\mgf gful/sx?sf] wfld{s ljZjf;nfO{ ;Ddfg ug'{ k5 eGb} d'lZnd /fi6«df lxGb'x?sf]
cf:yfsf s]Gb| dlGb/x? / lqmlZrogx?sf] wfld{s :yn rr{dfly cft+s a9\b} uPsf] / To:t} cj:yf cGo
d'n'sx?df klg Pscsf{sf] wfld{s :ynx?df x'g] u/]sf] cft+sf/L xdnfn] ubf{ ;a}sf] cf:tfdfly rf]6 k'u]sf] 5
. xfk{/n] lrg ;/sf/af6 a'4wd{sf cg'ofoL / lqmlZrog wd{k|lt cf:yf /fVg]x?dfly ul/Psf] cdfgjLo
Jojxf/k|lt v]b k|s6 ub}{ Sofgf8f ;/sf/n] wfld{s :jtGqtfsf nflu cGo /fi6«sf k//fi6« ljefu;Fu ;DaGw
agfO{ /fVg] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . t/ Sofgf8fdf ljZjsf ;a} /fi6«sf] k|ltlglwTj ub}{ cfcfk\mgf] wd{sd{nfO{
lg/Gt/tf lbb} cfPsf hgtfx?sf] cf:yfdfly s'g} k|sf/sf] rf]6 cfpg glbg / ;a} wd{ dxTjk'0f{ /x]sf]n]
wfld{s :jtGqtfsf] nflu ;/sf/n] a]Un} sfof{no :yfkgfsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] . pQm cj;/sfdf
k|wfgdGqL xfk{/n] 8f= PlG8«p a]g]6nfO{ wfld{s :jtGqfsf] /fhb"tsf ?kdf lgo'qm u/]sf] hfgsf/L ;d]t lbg'
eof] . Sofgf8f ;/sf/n] o; sfof{nosf dfWodaf6 ljZjdf g} wfld{s :jtGqtfnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ub}{ hfgsf nflu
kfFr ldlnog 8n/ klg 5'6\ofPsf] af/] xfk{/n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] . 6f]/f]G6f]sf] dl:hbdf cfof]lht o;
sfo{qmddf ljleGg wd{k|lt cf:yf /fVg] hgd'bfo / wfld{s u'?x?sf] pkl:yltdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
Sofgf8fn] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] wfld{s :jtGqtsf] ;dfrf/ k|sflzt x'g;fy knfogdf /x]sf ltAatsf :j3f]lift
k|wfgdGqL nf]k;fË ;fË]n] Sofgf8f ;/sf/nfO{ wfld{s :jtGqtf sfof{nosf nflu gjlgo'Qm /fhb"t 8f= PlG8«p
a]g]6nfO{ lrgdf k7fP/ ltAatdf wd{sf] gfddf lrg ;/sf/af6 ePul/Psf HofbtLsf af/]df ltAat e|d0f
ug{ cg'/f]w ug'{ ePsf] 5 . nf]a;fËn] ltAatdf @))( b]lv clxn];Dd !)& hgf ltAatL wd{sf
cg'ofoLx?nfO{ wfld{s :jtGqtfsf] dfFu ub}{ cfTdbx u/]sf] u/fpFb} wfld{s :jtGqtfsf nflu kxn u/L lbg x'g
cg'/f]w u/]sf 5g\ .
 nf]vs]{ -/}s'g_ df/]sf] cleof]udf hl/dfgf
b'O{ jif{cl3 ;g\ @)!! sf] Pp6f d'2fn] aNn km};nf kfPsf] 5 . !( j6f cbfntL jsfntkl5 %% jifL{o lrgL
d'nsf Sofg]l8og gful/s 8f]Ë gUofgnfO{ @)!! hf8f] ofddf pgsf] 3/sf] cf+ugdf lxp ;kmf ug]{ qmddf
cfPsf tLgj6f nf]vs]{ -/}s'g_ nfO{ lxp ;f]g]{ ;fj]nn] lxsf{pbf Pp6f nf]vs]{sf] v'6\6f eflrPsf] / Pp6f
dfl/Psf]n] lghdfly kz' xTofsf] cf/f]k nfu]kl5 pgn] of] d'2f v]Kg' k/]sf] lyof] . cbfnlt km};nf cg';f/
8f]ËnfO{ k|f];fO{g jfON8 nfO{km hxfF v'6\6f eflRrPsf] nf]vs]{nfO{ /flvPsf] 5 To;sf] x]/rf/sf nflu !#^%
8n/ / !)) 306f ;fdflhs ;]jf ug'{ ug]{ ePsf] 5 . 8f]Ën] s'g} l/l;lj g/fv]/ cfk'mn] lxp ;f]g]{ qmddf
nf]vs]{ cfPsf]n] ;fj]nn] wkfpg vf]Hbf of] b'3{6gf ePsf] egL aofg lbP tfklg ;/sf/L jlsnn] kz'dfly
ul/Psf] cdfgjLo Jojxf/sf nflu lghnfO{ of] hl/dfgf nufOPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . 6f]/fG6f]df ljz]if k|foM ;a}
lt/ nf]vs]{x?sf] cfjfudg x'g] ub{5 . vfg] s'/fsf] vf]hLdf 3/3/ rfxfg]{ o:tf nf]vs]{nfO{ dfg{nfO{ sfg'gg\
hl/dfgf;xLtsf] ;hfo x'g] ub{5 .

O{h/fonsf gf/L >i6fx?sf] l;h{gfTds dlxnf lbj;

ut lalxaf/ ;fF´ dfr{ & tfl/vsf lbg Oh/fondf /x]sf l;h{gzLn gf/L >i6fx?n] cgnfOg e]nf tyf
l;h{gf jfrg sfo{j|mdsf dfWdsaf6 dlxnf lbj;\ sfo{qmd ;DkÌ u/]sf lyP . cgnfOgsf] dfWod af6
pkl:ylt hgfpg' ePsf >i6fx?n] pQm cj;/df dlxnf clwsf/, xslxt tyf hfu/0f h:tf laifodf s]lGb|t
/xL /rgf ul/Psf l;h{gfx? jfrg ug{' ePsf lyP . cfhsf] Jo:t lhGbuLdf ;dosf] cefj / k|ToIf e]63f6
x'g] cj;/ Go"g /x]sf] x'Fbf ;a}sf] cg's'ntf / kx'Fr x'g] ;Defjgfsf] Psdfq lasNk :j?k o:tf] k|s[ltsf]
sfo{j|md cfof]hgf ul/Psf] af/] cfof]hsn] hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{j|mddf bLK; zfx, ld/f dg
yfkf, eujtL a:g]t, sNkgf efa's, lgzf vgfn cof{n, nIdL cg'/fuL, ;fljqf n'OF6]n, cf/h' zd{f, /fwf
e6\6/fO{, lgd{nf v8\sf, lnnf l/hfn nufotsf ;|i6fx?n] gf/LjfbL lrGtgdf sf]l/Psf ;flxlTos /rgfx?
jfrg ug{'sf ;fy} o;} laifodf ljdz{ ug{' ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfnL ;flxTonfO{ g]kfnaflx/ cfk|jf;sf] dfxf]ndf Oh/fonsf]

g]kfnL ;flxlTos ultljlwnfO{ lta| / k|efasf/L agfpgdf d'Vo
e"ldsf v]Nb} cfO/x]sf] ;+:yf Úcg];f; Oh/fonÚ sf] kxndf
o;kfnLsf] cGt/{fli6«o dlxnf lbjzn] dlxnfx?sf] kIfdf
jsfnt ug{ / dlxnfx?nfO{ ;lj|mo Pjd\ cfTdljZjf;L
agfpgdf d2t ug]{ ljZjf; / p2]Zo;lxt pQm ljB'tLo
l;h{gfTds ;flxlTos e]63f6sf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm
sfo{j|md ;fF´ gf} ah]b]lv tLg 306f ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] eg] cg];f; Oh/fon RofK6/sf kbflwsf/Lx?
nufot Oh/fondf /xg' ePsf cGo dlxnf tyf k'?if ;xefuLx?n] ;d]t >f]tfsf ?kdf pkl:ylt hgfpg'
ePsf] lyof] . -lbK; zfx_
g]kfnaf6 jif]{gL rf/xhf/ o'jfx? ljb]z k|:yfg
g]kfnsf] lbgfg'lbg lau|b} uPsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s Pjd\ ;'/Iffsf] sdLn] ubf{ pHjn eljio;+u} k};f sdfpg
wgs'6faf6 dfq} aif]{gL rf/ xhf/ o'jf ljb]lzG5g\ . ;fx';+u dx+uf] Aofhdf C0f sfF8]/ xf]; jf hUuf hldg
a]r]/ o'jfx? ljb]z hfG5g\ . wgs'6fsf o'jf ef/t, s'j]t, b'jO{, dn]l;of, sf]l/of, ax/fOg, ;fpbLc/a /
cf]dg h:tf b]z uO/x]sf 5g\ eg] ToxLaf6 cGo b]zdf km8\sf] dfg]{ k|of;df ;b}j /xg] ub{5g\ . a}b]lzs
/f]huf/Ldf hfg lhNnf k|zf;g sfo{fnodf /fxbfgL agfpg cfPsf d'lt{9'+uf uflj;-@ sf lxSdt sfsL{n] k};f
sdfpg] e/kbf]{ Aoa;fo gePs} sf/0f ljb]z hfg /fxbfgL agfpg cfPsf] atfp5g\ . o:tf o'jfx? ufpFs}
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pxfFn] b'O{ kbdWo] ;ef;b x'Fbf a'´]sf] k};f lkmt{f ug{'ePsf] xf].
k|lhc zd{fn] pgn] tna lkmt{f u/] klg ;+:yfsf] gfdaf6 cfk\mgf] gfddf ;f/]sf] ;+:yfsf] hUuf lkmt{f ug]{ /
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lgb]{zg lbOPsfn] g;RofP;Dd ;+:yf gjLs/0f x'g g;Sg] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP . o;cl3 ;dfhdf kGtn]
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kGtn] eg] cfkm"n] ;+:yfsf] ;a} sf/f]af/ k|i6 kfbf{ klg k|lhc gdfg]kl5 ;ef;b x'Fbfsf] tna lkmt{f u/]sf] /
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tna lkmt{f u/]sf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] lyP . - ;|f]t –gful/s b}lgs_
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sfo{j|mddfkm{t pgLx¿n] bx|f] pkl:ylt hgfpFb} cfPsf 5g\. c;fIf/x¿nfO{ ;d]t k|efljt agfpg ;xh x'g]
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g]kfnL /fhgLlts g]t[Tj tyf lghfdtL ;]jfsf] pRr txdf pgLx¿n] alnof] ks8 hdfO;s]sf] ;Í]t u/]sf] 5.
uhn ;+u|xdfly cGt/lqmof
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atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] ljrf/sf lx;fan] kl/kSj uhn clGtddf ;d]l6Psf] eGb} uhnsf/sf ?kdf dgf]hnfO{
clGtdn] :yflkt ug]{ bfaL ug{'eof] .
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;flxTonfO{ uhnsf] r'DasLo zlQmn] cfsif{0f u/]sf] lhls/ ub}{ g]kfnL uhn ljZjJofkL aGb} uPsf]df v';L
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uhnsf af/]df af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . o:t}, ;f]xL cj;/df ;DkÌ a[xt uhn jfrg sfo{j|mddf g]kfnsf k"j{b]lv
klZrd;Ddsf ^) eGbf a9L uhnsf/x?n] cfk\mgf uhn jfrg u/]sf lyP . sfo{j|mddf alb{ofsf uhnsf/
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ahf/df laqmL ljt/0f z'? ePsf] 5 . o;eGbf cuf8L pgsf] æz]v/sf ;o sljtf æ,cf+sfIff / ;D´gf uLlt ;+u|x ,sxfF 5 d]/f]
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pb]Zo af]sL bh{geGbf a9L b]zsf] e|d0fsf j|mddf k|ToIf b]v]sf ef]u]sf ljljw
kIfx?nfO{ o; k':tsdf jf:tljstfsf] hnk nufP/ :k:6 ptfg{ ;kmn ePsf 5g\ .
h;nfO{ ælab]zL ;kgf / ef]ufO{sf] dfld{s s[lt æeÌ ;lsG5 .
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Pp6f v'Nnf lstfa g} xf] æ . of] k':ts-A Beautiful Journey of struggle _ sf] ;Gbe{df
pgn] cfk\mgf] cleJoQm o;/L JoQm u/]sf 5g\ MÚsd{sf] n]vf xf] jf dxTjfsf+Iffsf] kl/0flt
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dg nfUb}g . cd]l/sfsf] rlr{t k|sfzg u[x Xulonpress.com n] ahf/df NofPsf] of] k':ts :yfgLo k':ts k;n jf
Amazon.com, Barnes&nobel ,google ebooks dfkm{t lsÌ ;lsG5 .

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w/fjf;Ln] klg klmNdsf] k|z+;f u/] . Úof] g]kfnL ;flxTohuTs} nflu v';Lsf] s'/f xf],Ú pgn] eg], Úo:tf
klmNdx¿ aGb} uP ;flxTo km/flsnf] x'G5 .Ú s]xLn] eg] klmNdsf sltko ;Gbe{n] kfl/hft z"GojfbL geO{
O{Zj/jfbL xf] ls eÌ] efg lbPsf] k|ltlj|mof lbP . klmNd lj|mP;g g]kfnsf] k|:t'lt /x]sf] klmNddf ;'of]ujL/sf]
e"ldsfdf u0f]z nfdf / ;sDa/Lsf] e"ldsfdf zld{nf u'?ªn] clego u/]sf 5g\ . gog/fh kf08] / tf]l;cfsL
:jo+sf] k6syf /x]sf] rnlrqdf gf/fo0f lh;Lsf] 5fof+sg 5 . lbg]z ;'gfdn] kf>\j ;+uLt lbPsf 5g\ .-;fef/
M sfGtLk'/_

slj ;'dgnfO{ ;fs{ cjf8{

kmfpG8];g ckm ;fs{ /fO6;{ PG8 ln6/]r/ -kmf];jfn_ n] g]kfnsf slj / uLtsf/ ;'dg kf]v/]nnfO{ ;fs{
ln6]//L cjf8{n] ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 . ef/t, pQ/ k|b]z k|fGtsf] cfu/fdf cfOtaf/ cfof]lht ;flxlTos
dxf]T;jdf kf]v/]nnfO{ Ps xhf/ cd]l/sL 8n/;lxtsf] k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] xf] . kfls:tfgsL n]lvsf
kmxl/g rf}w/L, ckmuflg:tfgsf slj k|f=cAb'n vlns /l;s tyf >Ln+sfsf bof
lbzfgfos]n] klg pQm cjf8{ kfPsf 5g\ . k'/:s[t ;flxTosf/x¿nfO{ kmf];jfnsL
;+:yfks cWoIf clht sf}/ / ef/tLo ;f+:s[lts ;DaGw kl/ifb\sf dxflgb]{zs
;'/]zs'df/ uf]onn] cjf8{ x:tfGt/0f u/]sf lyP . tLglbg] dxf]Tj;df ;fs{ /fi6«sf
slj tyf n]vsx¿sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . dxf]T;jsf] pb\3f6g ;qdf
cfOtaf/ kl/ifb\ dxflgb]{zs uf]onn] ;flxTo / jftfj/0fsf] cGof]Gof>lt ;DaGw
/x]sfn] ca n]vs;flxTosf/n] jftfj/0fnfO{ ;d]t w\ofgdf /fv]/ ;flxlTos l;h{gf
ug{'kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] cf}FNofPsf lyP . To:t}, g]kfnL 6f]nLsf] g]t[Tjst{f k|f=cle
;'j]bLn] Úgf/L / jftfj/0f M Ps lx+;fsf] ;+/rgfÚ sfo{kq k|:t't u/]sf lyP .
dxf]T;jdf ;xefuL ;flxTosf/ ;Ldf cfef;sf cg';f/, g]kfnaf6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{
cGo ;flxTosf/x¿df ;'dg kf]v/]n, df]ldnf, cd/ Gof}kfg], zf/bf zdf{, ;ljtf uf}td bfxfn, d]3/fh clwsf/L
/ rGb|jL/ t'Dafkf], anaxfb'/ yfkf, /lj yfkf, k|sfz ;'j]bL /x]sf 5g\ . dxf]T;jdf g]kfnL ;flxTosf/x¿n]
5'6\6f5'6\6} ;qdf cfcfk\mgf ;flxlTos /rgf k|:t't u/]sf lyP .

dgLiff sf]O{/fnf h'gdf d'DaO{ kms{g]

cd]l/sfdf SofG;/sf] pkrf/ u/]/ cf/fd ul//x]sL alnp8 cleg]qL dgLiff sf]O/fnf rfF8} g} 3/ d'DaO cfpg] t/v/df l5g\ .
xfn cfk\mgf] hLjg ofqf n]Vgdf Jo:t dlgiffn] cfk\mgf] k'm;{bsf] ;dodf ;fdflhs ;+hfnaf6 cfk\mgf ;dy{sx?nfO{ ljleGg
s'/fx?sf af/]df hfgsf/L lbb} cfPsL l5g\ . pgn] cfk\mgf] ;+hfndf cfk'm lj/fdL eP/ c:ktfndf k'u]kl5 alnp8sf w]/}g}
glhssf ldqx?n] kmf]gaf6 ;d]t ;Dks{ gu/]sf]df u'gf;f] ub}{ ;+;f/ :jfyL{ /x]sf] n]v]sL l5g\ . pgn] cfkm\gf] ldq gflosfaf6
lgb]{zs aGg nfu]sL lbKtL gank|lt w]/} g} s[t1tf hflx/ u/]sL l5g\ . pgLdfq Pshgf ldqn] dgLiffnfO{ e]6\g d'DaO{af6
cd]l/sf cfPsf] af/] ;+hfndf n]v]sL l5g\ eg] gfos ;ndfg vfgn] klg cfk\mgf] pkrf/sf] qmddf cd]l/sf cfpFbf w]/} ;do
dgLiffnfO{ lbPsf] af/] cfk\mgf] ;+hfndf n]v]sL l5g\ .
 SofG;/ k"0f{ ?kdf la;]s x'g c´} s]xL dlxgf nfUg] ePklg h'gdf 3/ kmls{g] pgn]
atfPsL l5g\ . pgn] cfk'm k'/} ;Grf] ePkl5 rnlrq If]qdf ;lj|mo x'g] klg pgn] atfPsL
l5g\ . alnp8xËfdf 86sdsf cg';f/ sf]O/fnf 3/ kms]{kl5 ;a}eGbf klxn] lbKtL gjnåf/f
lgb]{lzt / pg}n] agfPsL rnlrq Úbf] k};]sL w'k rf/ cfg]sL jfl/zÚ l/lnh ug]{ tof/L
ul//x]sL l5g\ . sf]O/fnf s]xL ;dob]lv SofG;/ ck|];g u/]/ cd]l/sfdf cf/fd ul/a;]sL
l5g\ . l8;Da/df ePsf] zNolqmof ;kmn ePkl5 pgL w]/} v'zL ePsL l5g\ . x'g t
g]kfnL /fhgLltsf lzv/ k'?if ljZj]:j/k|;fb sf]O/fnfsL gfltgL dlgiffnfO{dfq xf]Og pgsf]
k"/} kl/jf/ SofG;/ kLl8t lyof] . s[i0fk|;fbsL t];|L tyf sfG5L >LdtL lbJofsf] sf]vaf6
hlGdPsf lakL, s]zj / tf/0fLk|;fb tLg} hgfsf] SofG;/af6 d[To' ePsf] lyof] . k"j{
k|wfgdGqL lu/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] klg SofG;/s} sf/0f d[To' ePsf] lyof]\ eg] tfl/0fLsL 5f]/L
sNkgfsf] klg SofG;/af6 d[To' ePsf] lyof] .

a]nfotLsf] dg'{cl3 g]kfnL aGg] wf]sf]

kf]v/fsf] Pp6f ufFpsf] le/fnf] hldg, ;fgf] l6gn] 5fPsf] 3/ / To;}leq la/fdL k/]/ ;'t]sf 5g\ slng lkmlnk l:dt .
;]t} bf/L kfn]sf && jif]{ oL j[4nfO{ lrÌ]hfÌ]n] Úk'tnL afh]Ú eG5g\ . ;a}n] 7fG5g\, pgL g]kfnL g} x'g\ . t/, pgL g]kfnL xf]Ogg\,
a]nfotL gful/s x'g\ . $@ jif{ g]kfnd} latfPsf pgL cfkm"nfO{ g]kfnL 7flgg'df uj{ u5{g\ . hjfgL / j[4 b'j} pd]/ ot} latfPsf
pgsf] clGtd OR5f g]kfnL eP/ dg{' xf] . g]kfnL gful/stfsf nflu w]/} k|of; u/] klg gkfpFbf pgL lvÌ 5g\ . Údg{'cl3 g]kfnL
aÌ kfP x'GYof],Ú pgn] eg] . g]kfnsf] xfjfkfgL / g]kfn dg k/fpg] pgn] gful/stfsf nflu w]/} kxn u/] . g]kfndf sDtLdf !%
jif{ a;f]af; ug]{nfO{ c+uLs[t gful/stf lbg ;lsg] sfg'gL k|fjwfg 5 . t/ k'tnL afh]n] clxn];Dd kfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . lzIf0f
k];f;Fu} k'tnL ;+sngdf nfu]sf pgn] k[YjLgf/fo0f SofDk; kf]v/f, sf7df8f}+ ljZjljb\ofno, g]r'/n lx:6«L Do'lhoddf u/L @%
xhf/ k'tnL ;+sng u/]/ /flvlbPsf 5g\ . g]kfndf kfOg] ^ ;o ^) hfltsf k'tnLdWo] % ;o %) hfltsf] ;+sng u/]sf 5g\ .
;;fgf hLjsf] kof{j/0fdf 7"nf] dxQ\j x'g] ePsfn] pgn] k'tnL cWoog / ;+sng cleofg yfn]sf x'g\ . k'tnL;DaGwL !) j6f
k':ts n]lv;s]sf 5g\ . sltko ljb]zL cfP/ g]kfnsf] k'tnL ;+sng u/L ljb]z nu]sf] pgsf] cf/f]k 5 . Úk'tnL ljb]z lgo{ft
eO/x]sf] 5 t/ To;df s;}sf] Wofg 5}g,Ú eGb} pgn] u'gf;f] ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . x/]s jif{ @ ljBfyL{nfO{ 5fqjl[Q lbFb} cfPsf
pgnfO{ cfkm" g]kfnL aÌ g;s]sfdf b'lvt 5g\ .;'?df pgL ul0ft / lj1fg k9fpg kf]v/f cfPsf lyP . clxn] h}ljs ljljwtf,
cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;sf nflu :yfgLo kxn Úlna8{Ú df :jo+;]jf u5{g\ . pgn] uf]/vfdf clxn]sf k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd
e6\6/fO{nfO{ ;d]t k9fPsf /x]5g\ . Úpm rnfv s]6f] lyof],Ú pgn] eg], Út/ clxn] e]6 ePsf] 5}g .Ú
:d/0f /xf]; g]kfnL tyf lxGbL rnlrqsf rl/q cleg]tf tyf g]kfnL rnlrqsf åGå lgb]{zs uf]kfn e'6fgLn] klg g]kfnL
gful/stfsf nflu cg'/f]w ul/P tfklg g]kfnL gful/stfdf cfk\mgf] gfd n]lvPsf] gb]vL o; b'lgofaf6 ljbf x'g' k/]sf] lyoif] eg]
g]kfnL rnlrqsf ;kmn lgb]{sz Pjd\ rnlrqsdL{ t'n;L l3ld/] klg g]kfnL gful/stfsf nflu k|ltIf/t\ 5g\ .

gflosf /]vf / cWoIf kKk'sf] ufFhf tfGb} u/]

t'R5 k|bz{g
rnlrq lasf; af]8{sf] cWoIfdf lgo'Qm ePsf wd]Gb| d/a}tf
ÚkKk'Ú / af]8{ cWoIf aÌ bf}8w'k ul//x]sL gflosf /]vf
yfkfaLrsf] bf]:tL PsfPs prfOdf k'u]sf] 5 . gflosf
yfkfn] cd]l/sfaf6 g]kfn cfpg] llaQs} kKk' af]8{ cWoIf
ag]/ cfkm"nfO{ v'zL nfu]sf] atfPsL lyOg\ . pg} gflosf
yfkf / kKk'n] lzj/fqLdf ufFhf tfGb} u/]sf] t:jL/ clxn]
PsfPs rr{fdf cfPsf] 5 . s'g} klg ;/sf/L lgsfosf] lhDd]jf/ kbdf a;]sf] JolQmn] o;/L v'nDv'nf ufFhf
tfÌ' x'GYof] of x'b}gYof], Tof] cfkm}+df k|Zgsf] laifo 5 eg] hgtfnfO{ ;xL dfu{ b]vfpg] ;]lnla|6L ag]sfx?n]
ufFhf tfGg ldN5 ls ldNb}g Tof] klg csf]{ k|Zgsf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 . t/ gflosf yfkfn] kKk';Fu ufFhf tfGb}
u/]sf] t:jL/ lsg lvrfOg\ / o;nfO{ ldl8ofdf lsg NofOof] Tof] csf]{ k|Zg p7fpg] laifo ag]sf] 5 . rnlrq
lasf; af]8{df gflosf yfkfn] cWoIf aÌsf nflu bf}8w"k ul//xFbf w]/} rnlrqsdL{n] la/f]w u/]sf lyP .
rnlrqsdL{sf] lj/f]wkl5 /]vf cd]l/sf nfu]sL lyOg\ . t/ af]8{df kKk' cWoIf ag]kl5 z'?jft lj/f]w ePklg
cGTodf rnlrqsdL{n] ;dy{g u/]sf lyP . af]8{ cWoIf ag]sf] b'O{ dlxgfdf g} l;g] gu/Ldf pynk'yn Nofpg]
pb\3f]if u/]sf kKk'n] cfh;Dd s]xL ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . cfk\mgf] a'l4n] eGbf klg aflx/L l/df]6 sG6«f]nn] kKk'nfO{
rnfPsf] xNnf l;g] gu/Ldf rn]sf] 5 / of] Ps xb;Dd ;xL klg xf] .
csf]{lt/ /]vf yfkf t :SofG8n / rr{fdf cfpgsf nflu ljleÌ lj|mofsnfk ug{ dflx/ dflglG5g\ . slxn] klt
5lj/fh cf]´f;Fusf] l8ef];{sf] va/ t slxn] cfdf aÌ gkfPsf] u'gf;f], /]vfn] dRrfPsf :SofG8ndf gd'gf
x'g\ lo . cd]l/sfdf cfP/ d gk9] klg k9]n]v]sf] eGbf a'4Ldfg ePsf] / k9]n]v]sfn] s] g} gfk]sf 5g\ / eg]/
cfk\mgf] cNk1fgsf] kl/rosf cfwf/df cGt/jftf{ lbb} lx8]sL /]vf yfkfn] clegos} e/df ;/sf/L k|zf;g
rnfpg] k|df0fkq b]vfpFb} lx8]sL lyO{g\ . o;}n] klg pgsf nflu d ;]lna|]6L x'F eÌ] s'/f g} lal;{P/ ufhf
tfg]sf] tl:a/ ldl8ofdf ;fj{hlgs ug{' ;fdfGo x'g ;S5 . t/ af]8{ cWoIf ag]/ ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z lbg] ck] Iff
ul/Psf kKk' klg rr{fdf cfpgsf nflu of] xb;Dd k'U5g\ eÌ] cg'dfg sd}n] dfq nufPsf lyP . rnlrq
lasf; af]8{df kKk' cWoIf x'g] va/n] rr{f kfO/xfbf /]vfn] 3'dfp/f] kf/fdf pgsf] lj/f]w klg u/]sL lyOg\ .
kKk'n] gflosf yfkf;Fu lbgbxf8} ufFhf tfg]kl5 o;n] ;j{flws rr{fsf] ?k kfPsf] 5 . /]vfn] kKk'nfO{ klg
cfk\mg} azdf /x]sf] b]vfpg of] sbd rfn]sf] w]/}sf] c8\sn 5 . t/ lzj/fqLsf] lbgdf lvlrPsf] of] t:jL/
;'lgof]lht lyof] of ;+of]u dfq Tof] kKk'n] g} hfÌ] s'/f xf] . /]vf yfkfn] kKk';Fu} a;]/ ufFhf tfg]sf] t:jL/
lvrfP/ pgsf] k|lti7fnfO{ s]xL xb;Dd ePklg w'Fjfdf p8fpg] sfd u/]sf] w]/}sf] ljZn]if0f 5 .

c:6«]lnofdf g]kfnL laBfyL{ k|bLk t'nfw/ l;sdL{sf] lgwg

d]nag{df cw\oog/t g]kfnL laBfyL{ k|bLk t'nfw/ l;sdL{sf] lalxaf/ lgwg ePsf] 5 . SofG;/ /f]uaf6 u|l;t
pgsf] pkrf/s} j|mddf lalxaf/ :yfgLo lk6/ Dofs SofG;/ c:ktfndf lgwg ePsf] g]kfnL dxfafl0fHob'tsf]
sfo{no d]nag{n] hgfPsf] 5 . k'jL{ g]kfnsf] ´fkf lhNnfdf hGd]sf pgL cw\oogsf nflu cfPsf sl/a $
aif{cl3 ci6\/]lnof cfPsf lyP . >LdtL;lxt d]nag{df cw\oog / a;f]af; ul//x]sf pgnfO{ 8]9 aif{cl3
SofG;/ ePsf] kQf nfu]sf] lyof] . SofG;/ ePkl5 oxffsf] :yfgLo c:ktfndf pkrf/ u/fO/x]sf pgsf]
pkrf/s} j|mddf d[To' ePsf] leS6f]l/ofsf g]kfnL dxfafl0fHob't rGb| of]~hgn] OsflGtk'/nfO{ atfP . pgsf]
bfx;f:sf/ ci6\/]lnofdf g} ul/g] / To;sf nflu g]kfnaf6 cfdf / pgsf ;;'/f cfh /ftL;Dd cfOk'Ug] pgn]
hfgsf/L lbP . l;sdL{sf] bfx;f:sf/ d]nag{sf] :yfgLo l;d]G6GLdf cfpg] ;f]daf/ ul/g] / To;sf nflu
;xof]u ug{ dxfafl0fHob'tsf] sfo{non] cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . sl/a * nfv ?k}of vr{ nfUg] hgfpFb}
dxfafl0fHob't of]~hgn] To;sf nflu pNn]lvt a}s vftadf ;xof]usf nflu /sd hDdf ul/lbg cfu|x u/]sf
5g\ .

Atul Subedi
Barrister, Solicitor & Notary Public

Professional Corporation

1058 A Albion Rd. Suite # 200

Toronto, On, M9V 1A7

ct'n ;'j]bL
 dfcf]jfbLaf6 km]l/ hUuf sAhf ug]{ 3f]if0ff
g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] vf]6fªdf k]m/L hUuf sAhf ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . g]skf dfcf]jfbL sf] kmfu'g @@ / @# ut] a;]sf] la:tfl/t
a}7sn] 4G4sf] ;dodf sJhf u/]/ km's'jf ePsf hUuf k'gM sAhf ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . laxLaf/ kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdfkm{t la:tfl/t
a}7ssf] lg0f{o ;fj{hlgs ub}{ g]skf dfcf]jfbL vf]6fªsf OGrfh{ w|'a a'9fyf]sL lw/]gn] ca km]/L kf6L{sf] ´08f / ls;fg ;+3sf]
´08f uf8]/ hUuf sAhf ug]{ hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLn] åGåsfndf sAhf u/]sf] lhNnfsf wfld{s u'7L tyf JolQmsf] hUuf
k'Mg sAhf u/L Joj:yfkg ug]{ hgfPsf] 5 . lhNnfdf hfnL tyf km6fxf / e|i6rf/Lx? df}nfpFb} uPsf] eGb} dfcf]jfbLn]
pgLx?nfO{ df;sfj{fxL ug]{ r]tfjgL lbPsf] 5 . o;sf nflu lzv/sf] g]t[Tjdf ;+o'Qm j|mflGtsf/L df]r{f, z'erGb|sf] ;+of]hsTjdf
;+o'Qm j|mflGtsf/L hgkl/ifb df]r{f, cfly{s ljefu k|d'vdf ;'lgn, b]jL l/hfnsf] ;+of]hsTjdf hgjuL{o ;+u7g / z'erGb|sf]
;+of]hsTjdf hftLo tyf If]qLo ljefu u7g ul/Psf] ;Dd]ngdf hf/L lj1KtLdf hgfPsf] 5 .

km]zg ;f]af6 SofG;/ lkl8t afnaflnsfnfO{ ;xof]u

cd]l/sf ,dfr{ !# ,cd]l/sfsf] 6]S;f; /fHodf ut z'j|maf/ dfr{ * tfl/vsf lbg kmf]6{ jy{df Fossil Ridge High School sf]
cfltYodf x]NK; ls8\; Og g]kfn -HKIN_ eÌ] ;+:yfsf] ;xof]ufy{ Ps eAo km]zg ;f]sf] cfof]hgf ePsf] lyof] . SofG;/ -ca'b{
_/f]{uaf6 lkl8t g]kfnsf afnaflnsfx?sf] ;xof]ufy{ cfly{s /sd ;+sng ug]{ klxn]b]lv g} x]NK; ls8\; Og g]kfn ;+:yf
lj|mofzLn lyof] / of] k'Go sfo{sf] nflu dWo hgj/L @)!# b]lv g} sl/a *) hgf km];g gd'gf o'jf tyf o'jtLx? 5gf}6 ul/
of] k|b;{gsf] nflu hgj/L #) b]lv xKtfdf b'O{ k6s k'jf{Eof; u/fO{Psf] lyof] . l6s6 lalj|m / cGo >f]taf6 ul/ ;d'bfonfO{
;dlk{t ug]{ pb]Zon] ul/Psf] ;f] k|bz{gaf6 g]kfnL ?k}of sl/a @ nfv krf; xhf/ hlt p7]sf] hfgsf/L cfof]hs l/rf zd{fn]
lbPsL l5g\ . pQm sfo{j|mdsf] g]t[Tj elasf hf]zLn] u/]sL lyO{g . ;fdflhs ;]jfdf klg lgs} lj|mofzLn hf]zLn] ut aif{ #) cf}+
P=Pg=P= ;Dd]ngdf afnaflnsf sfo{j|md / afnaflnsfsf] nflu lxHh] k|ltof]lutf ;kmntfsf ;fy ;DkÌ u/]sL lyOg\ . sfo{j|md
;+of]hs eljsf hf]zL tyf ;Dk"0f{ ;xefuL gd'gf o'jf o'jtL ,snfsf/ ,;+rf/sdL{ ,bftf ,k|fof]hs / ;a}nfO{ s[t1tf 1fkg
u/]sf] 5 . -ljho yfkf_
 k\mnf]l/8fdf ;'t]sf] dfG5];xLt kftfnjf;
ut km/j/Lsf] clGtd /ft ;'tL/x]sf] cj:yfdf crfgs ck\mgf] zogsIfsf] vf6;xLt Pshgf dflg;nfO{
kftfnlt/ efl:;b} nu]kl5 pgsf efOn] arfpg] k|of; ubf{ub}{ sf]7fdf ePsf ;a} ;fdfgx?g} el:;b} uPsf]
lyof] . t/ lj:tf/} wtL{ efl:;b} hfgyfn]kl5 efOn] (!! Df kmf]g u/]/
;'rgf lbPsf]n] bdsn ljefusf cUgL lgoGqsx?n] efOnfO{ efl:;b}
uPsf] vfN8f]af6 arfpg ;kmn eP t/ efl:;;s]sf] lghsf] bfOnfO{
eg] arfpg ;s]gg\ . o;/L wtL{g} efl:;P/ uPkl5 k|x/Ln] t'/Gt} Tof]
O{nfsfsf ;a} afl;Gbfx?nfO{ rf8f]eGbf rf8f] efUg cfj\xfg u/]kl5 c?
st} xtfxt ePsf] ;dfrf/ ;'lgPsf] 5}g .
ljlxjf/b]lv z'? ePsf] wtL{ efl:;g] k|lqmof cfO{taf/ /f]lsPkl5 To;
3/df kfl/jfl/s t:jL/x?, u/uxgfsf] afs;, jfO{ansf] wfld{s k':ts
/ 6]8L lao/dfq ;'/lIft /x]sf] cUgL lgoGqsx?n] hfgsf/L u/fPsf
lyP . ;g\ !(&) df pgsf xh'/a'jfn] lsg]/ a:b} cfpg'ePsf] pQm
3/df ljlxaf/sf lbg #& jifL{o h]km a'; cfk\mgf] sf]7fdf ;'tL/x]sf]
cj:yfdf vf6d'gLaf6 w/tL kmf6]/ lghnfO{ ;dflxt ub}{ ePsf] lyof] . To;kl5 pgsfaf/]df s'g} va/ kfOPsf]
5}g .
hf]g Pkm= s]g]8L ljdfg:yndf dfgj/xLt hxfhsf] vf]hL
ut dfr{ $ sf lbg Go'of]s{ cjl:yt hf]g Pkm= s]g]8L cGt/{fli6«o ljdfg:yndf cln6flnof ljdfgsf]
ofq'jfxs hxfh cjt/0f ug]{ qmddf To;sf rfnsn] ljdfg:yndf cjt/0f ubf{ nueu ^) ld6/sf] b'/Ldf
Pp6f rfnx/xLt -b|f]g_ ljdfg /x]sf] hfgsf/L lbPkl5 cd]l/sfsf] v'lkmof Ph]G;L Pkm=lj=cfO{=n] To;af/]
cg';Gwfg sfo{ z'? u/]sf] 5 .
ln6flnof ljdfgsf rfnsn] /f]daf6 p8]/ Go'of]s{df cjt/0f ug]{qmddf ;f]daf/ lbp;f] !=!% sf] ;dodf
cfk'mn] rfnx/xLt -b|f]g_ ljdfg b]v]sf]af/] Go'of]s{sf] ljdfg k|aGw ;ldlt -Pkm=P=P_ nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf]
k'i6L ;ldltsf ;+jfbbftf lhd lk6;{n] u/]sf 5g\ . rfnssf cg';f/ pgn] ;fgf] rfnx/xLt -b|f]g_ jf
l/df]6af6 ;+rfng ul/g] ljdfgnfO{ cfk'mn] cjt/0f ug]{ qmddf nueu ^) ld6/sf] b'/Ldf /x]sf] hfgsf/L
lbPkl5 o;af/] ;'/Iff lgsfox? rgfvf] ePsf 5g\ . sfnf] /+usf] nueu Ps ld6/sf] cfoftg /x]sf] b|f]gsf
af/]df Pkm=lj=cfO{=n] cfk\mgf] cg';Gwfg lta| kfb}{ uPsf] 5 . Pkm=lj=cfO{=sf cg';f/ ljdfg:ynsf] ;'/Iff
Joj:yf cg';f/ ljdfg:ynsf] tLg lsnf]ld6/sf] b'/Ldf /x]sf o:tf ljdfg jf ljdfg:yndf cjt/0f ug]{
ljdfgsf af/]df hfgsf/L x'g] ub{5 eg] o:tf ;fgf] cfsf/sf ljdfgx? hdLgaf6 !@! ld6/ dflyaf6 dfq
p8\g ;Sg] Ifdtf /fVb 5 . -6f]/f]G6f] ;g dfr{ ^_
b|f]gsf gfdaf6 cd]l/sfn] dfgj/xLt ljdfg ;+rfng u/]/ cft+sf/L ultljlw ;+rfng ug]{ lu/f]xsf 7]ufgf kQf
nufP/ b|f]g cfqmd0f ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;}nfO{ c? zQmLzfnL d'n'sn] klg cg's/0f u/]sf] x'g ;Sg] cg'dfgsf
;fy cd]l/sf ;'/Iff lgsfon] o;sf] ;'Id cg';Gwfg z'? u/]sf] dflgG5 .
!! l6n/ /utaf6 ag]sf] honlntfsf] k|tLdf
 Eff/tsf] tfldngf8' /fHosf d'VodGqL honlntfk|lt cfk\mgf] eQmL b]vfpg ToxfFsf Pshgf eQmn]
cfk\mgf] /utaf6 pgsf] k|ltdf agfP/ d'VodGqLnfO{ pkxf/ k|bfg u/]sf 5g\ . tfldngf8' /fHos} d"lt{sf/ >L
x';}gLn] !! ln6/ /utnfO{ hdfP/ a/kmaf6 lrGgfO{ zx/df cfk\mgf] /fHosf] d'VodGqL tyf klxn]sL rlr{t
cleg]qL honlntfsf] k|ltdf agfpg cfk\mgf] /ut ;d]t k|of]u u/]sf 5g\ . ljut cf7 jif{b]lv k|To]s tLg
dlxgfsf] cGt/fndf /ut lbb} ;f9] 5 ln6/ /ut;Fu cGo /Qbftfx?sf] ;f9] rf/ ln6/ /ut k|of]u u/]/ ut
@$ km/j/Lsf lbg honlntfsf] ^% cf}+ hGdhoGtLsf] pknIodf pkxf/ lbP/ cGwf] eQmL b]vfPsf 5g\ .
ef/tdf k|To]s lbg /utsf] sdLn] dflg;x? dg]{ ub{5g\ . ToxFsf] /]8qm;n] /Qmbfgsf nflu gful/sdf
hgr]tgf Nofpg ;w} cu|;/ eP/ sfd ub}{ cfpsf] 5 . t/ klg cfjZostf cg';f/ ef/tsf An8 a}+sx?df
/utsf] ;+ro x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . To:tf] /utsf] cefj ePsf] b]zdf !! ln6/ /utnfO{ Pshgf JoQmLdfly
elQmefj b]vfpg afn'jfdf vNofP ;/xsf] sfd ubf{ klg ToxfFsf dfgjclwsf/jfbL egf}+bfx?af6 Pp6f klg
k|ltlqmof cfPg .

n]v, ljrf/ / ;flxlTos v'/fs

ljgf]b rf}w/LeGbf pk]Gb| dxtf] ul/a s;/L <
cd]l/sL Dofu]lhg kmf]a;{n] Ps ca{ 8n/ ;Dklt x'g] ljZjsf ;a}eGbf wgLx?sf] ;"lrdf o; kts g]kfnsf
ljgf]b rf}w/Lsf] gfd klg ;d]6]kl5 pgsf] rr{f oltv]/ r'lnPsf] 5 . of] ;"lrdf clxn];Dd s'g} klg g]kfnL
k/]sf lyPgg\ . t/ lsg < s] c? s'g} g]kfnL ljgf]b rf}w/L lhQsf] wgL 5}gg\ < Ps} k6sdf s/f]8f}F ?lkofF bfg
lbg] pk]Gb| dxtf] rflxF rf}w/LeGbf Úul/aÚ x'g\ / < ?;df dlN6lalnlgo/sf ?kdf lrlgg] dxtf] kmf]a;{sf] wgLsf]
;"lrdf rflxF lsg 5}gg\ < k|efs/ /f0ffsf] gfd klg pgLx?;Fu Ps ca{ 8n/ a/fa/sf] ;Dklt geP/} xf] t <
kmf]a;{sf] ;"lrdf geP/ klg pgLx? h:t} / pgLx?eGbf wgL dfG5] ;+;f/df 5g\ . kmf]a;{sf] cj{ktL ;"rLdf
ljgf]b rf}w/L / kl/jf/ klxnf]k6s Ps ca{ 8n/ -** ca{ ?k}ofF_ sf] ;DkQL;lxt k/]sf 5g\, s] g]kfndf
rf}w/L dfq} ca{ 8n/sf dflns x'g\ < tYof+s / ;"rgfnfO{ s]nfpg] xf] eg] cj{ktLsf] ;"rLdf u}/cfjfl;o
g]kfnL ;+3sf ;+:yfks cWoIf pk]Gb| dxtf] klg k5{g\ eg] k|efs/ /f0ff;Fu klg Toltsf] ;DklQ /x]sf] 5 .
rf}w/Ln] l;+ufk'/nfO{ s]Gb|ljGb' agfP/ ef/t, >Ln+sf, dfnlbE;, dn]l;of, b'jO{, cd]l/sf, clk|msfdf nufgL
lj:tf/ u/] ´}+ dxtf]sf] nufgL klg a]nf?;nfO{ s]Gb|ljGb' agfP/ ?;, o'/f]k, clk|msf, Plzof / g]kfn;Dd
nufgL lj:tf/ u/]sf 5g\ . t/ k|efs/ /f0ffsf] Jofkf/ g]kfndf dfq slGb|t /x] klg Jofks 5 .
g]kfndf ;a}eGbf w]/} s/ ltg]{df bf];|f] / ;a}eGbf a9L gfkmf sdfpg] sDkgL Pg;]nsf] @) k|ltztsf] ;f´]bf/
/x]sf dxtf]n] ?; / a]nf?;nfO{ s]Gb| agfP/ o'/f]k, clk|msf, Pl;of / g]kfn;Dd nufgL u/]sf 5g\. . vf;df
Pg;]nsf] k'/fgf] gfd d]/f] df]afOn 5Fbf pk]Gb| dxtf] s} g]t[Tjdf ;~rfng ePsf] lyof]. kl5 o'/f]ksf]
6]lnof;f]g]/fnfO{ pgn] *) k|ltzt z]o/ a]r]sf lyP . kl5 km]l/ pgn] lg/huf]ljGb >]i7nfO{ @) k|ltzt ;]o/
x:tfGt/0f u/]sf lyP. 6]lnof;f]g]/fsf cg';f/ Tof] @) k|ltzt ;]o/ klg p;n] lslg;s]sf] 5 . To;}u/L x]nf]
g]kfn a|fG8sf] g]kfn :of6]nfO6df klg pk]Gb| dxtf]sf] ;fOk|;L sDkgL Pc/j]nn] &% k|ltzt nufgL u/]sf]
lyof] . ut d] @)!@ df 6]lnof;f]g]/fn] Pc/j]nsf] gfddf /x]sf] !)) k|ltzt ;]o/ lslg;s]sf] 5 . @*
ldlnog 8n/eGbf a9L t of] x]nf] g]kfnsf] ;]o/ a]r]/ dfq} pgn] sdfPsf 5g\ . Pg;]n h:tf] rn]sf]
sDkgLsf] ;]o/ ´g\ sltdf laj|mL eof] xf]nf, cfkm} cg'dfg nufpg':. Pg;]n / g]kfn :of6]nfO6sf] ;]o/ a]r]/
dfq} @$ ca{ ?lkofF dxtf]n] nu]sf] Pp6f xr'jf cg'dfg 5. Pg;]nsf] ;]o/ a]r]jfkt\ s/dfq} pgn] ^) s/f]8
?lkofF lt/]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf To;afx]s ;flgdf ljsf; a}+s, ;flgdf xfO8«f]kfj/, :6]G88{ kmfOgfG;, PSdL sn]h
ckm OlGhlgol/ª, sflGtk'/ 6]lnlehg, lzv/ OG;'/]G;, d]l8s]o/ xl:k6n cflbdf pgsf] nufgL 5 . s]xL
jif{cufl8 gofF klqsfdf pgsf] ljb]zdf nufgL af/] km]xl/:t g} 5flkPsf] lyof] . To; cg';f/ d:sf]df pgn]
;a}eGbf 7"nf] nufgL l/on:6]6 / ljB'tLo pks/0f pTkfbg sDkgLdf u/]sf 5g\. a]nf?;df pgn] x]eL
OSo'kd]G6 pTkfbg, :jf:Yo, a}+s, s[lif, jg / t]n pTvgGdf nufgL u/]sf 5g\. ?;sf] Pdl6h]8 -d:sf]
6]lnlehg KnfG6_ ?ljgd / l/on:6]6 sDkgL ?ljgdf nufgL. ?ljgn] d:sf]df Úlahg]; ;]G6/ ?ljgÚ lgd{f0f
u/]sf] 5, /]:6'/]G6, ;Dd]ng s]Gb|, Jofkfl/s :yn ePsf] of] ;]G6/ d:sf]sf] Jofkfl/s s]Gb| klg xf] . ax'p2]ZoLo
Jofkfl/s sDKn]S; lkmnLcf]gdf klg ?ljgsf] :jfldTj. tLg bzdnj $& x]S6/ If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] of]
sDKn]S;df rf/tn] ;lkª dn, /]:6'/]G6, dgf]/~hg xnnufot !% ;o uf8L c6\g] kfls{ª ;'ljwf /x]sf] 5 .
To:t} ?ljgsf] :jfldTjdf @% tNn] xf]6n PG8 lahg]; ;]G6/ /x]sf] 5 . To:t} ?ljgsf] :jfldTjdf d:sf]d}
Új]:6 ;fO8Ú / ÚOhf]d?bÚ gfd u/]sf b'O6f cfjf;Lo sDKn]S; 5g\ . @$ tnfsf] j]:6 ;fO8 cfjf;Lo
sDKn]S;df @ ;o !( ckf6{d]G6 5g\ eg] Ohf]d?bdf Ps ;o ckf6{d]G6 /x]sf] 5 . ?ljg;Fu d:sf]sf] Úl6;L
uf]j{'l:sg b\ef]/Ú ;lkª dnsf] :jfldTj 5 . o'/f]ksf] ;Dejt ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ljB'tLo tyf 3/fo;L ;fdu|L laj|mL
ug]{ of] dndf ^) xhf/ :Sjfo/ ld6/sf] If]qkmn 5 . of] dndf dlxgfdf !% b]lv @) nfv pkef]Qmf k'Ug]
u5{g\ . dxtf]sf] a]nf?;df nufgLdf 8f]h/, j|m]gh:tf x]eL OSo'kd]G6 pTkfbg ug]{ sDkgL ÚcDsf]8/ /x]sf] 5
h;sf] pTkfbg #% d'n'sdf laj|mL x'G5g\. o; sDkgLn] ;g\ @)!! df @^ ca{ 8n/sf] sf/f]jf/ u/]sf] lyof].
o;df pk]Gb| dxtf] PSn}sf] ^) k|ltzt ;]o/ nufgL 5 . psf] nufgL j|mfle/f c:ktfn, a]nf?;sf] ;a}eGbf
7"nf] a}+s cNkmf a}+s, k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ pTvgg tyf laj|mL ug]{, o'/]lgod pTvgg\ ug]{ sDkgL cflbdf nufgL
/x]sf 5 . To:t} pk]Gb|;Fu ;fOk|;sf] 6fOd6g{ xf]lN8Ë;\ sDkgL 5, oxL sDkgLn] sDaf]l8ofdf nf6]nh,
a'?08Ldf nf;]n ;', ;]/flncf]gdf OG6/u|'k 6]lnsd, tfGhflgofdf a]g;g OGkmf]Dofl6s;, o'uf08fdf :of]/
6]lnsd / s+uf]df of]Hdf 6fOd6g{ P;lkcf/ sDkgL rnfO/x]sf] 5 .
dxtf] h:t} vfgbfgL k|efs/ /f0ff;Fu klg sd ;DkQL 5}g\ . $% d]ufjf6sf] ljBo't pTkfbg ug]{ ef]6]sf];L
/f0ffsf] sDkgL xf] . kfG8f OghL{;Fu &% k|ltzt ;]o/ lsg]/ cfk\mgf] :jfldTjdf lnPsf] ef]6]sf];Ln] dfq} k|efs/
kl/jf/nfO{ jif{df ca{ ?k}ofFeGbf a9Lsf] nfef+; lbG5 . ef]6]sf];Lsf] k|jb|\ws lxdfn OG6/g]6zgn OghL{,
lxdfn OG6g/]zgn kfj/ skf]{/]zg / tf/f km08 /f0ffsf sDkgL x'g\ . b]zsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ lghL
If]qsf] sDkgL l;k|bL 6]«l8Ë /f0ffs} sDkgL xf] eg] jflif{s ;ft ca{eGbf a9L /fh:j a'´fpg] ;"o{ g]kfndf klg
/f0ffsf] @! k|ltzteGbf a9L ;]o/ lx:;f 5, pgL;Fu cd/fjtL OG6/g]zgn, cd/fjtL 6\/feN;, do{:s g]kfn,
;"o{ km08 k|f=nLsf] klg ;]o/ 5 .
kmf]a;{sf] ;"lr ljZjsf wgL dfG5]x?sf] gfd /xG5 . pk]Gb| dxtf]n] ?; / a]nf?;nfO{ s]Gb| agfP/ ljZjsf
ljleÌ 7fpFdf Jofkf/ ul//x] klg pgL g]kfnL d"nsf ljb]zL gful/s geP/ c´} klg g]kfnL kf;kf]6{ k|of]u ug]{
g]kfnL gful/s g} x'g\. kmf]a;{n] wgLsf] ;"lrdf /fVg s'g} Ps b]zdf dfq u/]sf] Joj;fonfO{ x]b}{g. :jo+
rf}w/Ln] klg cfk\mgf] clwsf+z ;Dklt g]kfn aflx/sf] Joj;foaf6 sdfPsf] kmf]a;{n] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . To;f]
eP dxtf] rflxF lsg 5}gg\ t ;"lrdf < lsg eg] rf}w/L h:t} dxtf]nfO{ k|rf/ rflxPsf] 5}g .
rf}w/L k|rf/d'vL JolQm x'g\ . pgnfO{ g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] wgL sxnfpg lgs} /x/ 5 . To;}n] pgn] cfk\mgf]
Ps ca{ 8n/ ;Dklt /x]sf] sfuhft;lxtsf] k|df0f cfkm} kmf]a;{df a'´fPsf x'g\ . o;nfO{ pgn] g]kfnL
ldl8ofx?;Fusf] cGtj{ft{fdf klg v'nfPsf 5g\. kfFr jif{cl3 klg xfkm lalnlgo;{ -%)) ldlnog 8n/ ;Dklt_
sf dflnssf ?kdf kmf]a;{n] pgsf] k|f]kmfOn 5fk]sf] lyof]. l;+ufk'/nfO{ s]Gb| agfP/ vf]n]sf] sDkgLdfkm{t\
ljb]zdf ul/Psf nufgL, d]xgt / rft'o{n] pgn] kfFr jif{df yk %)) ldlnog 8n/ sdfP, k|df0f lbP /
g]kfnsf] klxnf] lalnlgo;{ ;"lrdf /xg] JolQm eP . pgsf] of] JolQmut pknlAwnfO{ s;}n] gsfg{ ;Sb}g. Tof]
;"lrdf /x]kl5 pgn] cfkm"dfly k/]sf] Eof6 5nLsf] sfnf] bfu 5f]Kg] k|of; ug]{5g\. -:d/0f /xf];\, of] Eof6 5nL
c? h:tf] s/ glt/]sf] geO{ pkef]Qmfn] lt/]sf] s/ ;/sf/L 9's'6Ldf /fVg'kg]{df gSsnL lan lahs agfO{
ltb}{glt/L ltl/;s]sf] eGb} 7uL u/]sf] s]; lyof]. o;nfO{ k"j{ cy{;lrj /fd]Zj/ vgfnn] gSsnL gf]6
5fk];/xsf] ck/fwsf] ;+1f lbPsf lyP_ .
kmf]a;{df ;"lrs[t ca{kltsf] ?kdf pgn] g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt / cy{gLltdf wfs / k|efj hdfpg ug]{ k|of; x]g{
nfos x'g]5 . k|rf/ / k|efj rflxPs} eP/ pgL Pdfn]af6 lj3l6t ;+ljwfg ;efdf Pdfn] ;ef;b klg ePsf
lyP eg] rf}w/Ln] ev{/ cfk'm;Fu Pshgf n]vs /fv]/ cfk\mgf] hLjgL klg n]vfP/ k|sflzt u/fPsf 5g\ . of]
klg k|rf/ kfpg] /x/ xf] . ptf dxtf]nfO{ of] ;a cfjZos 5}g. pgL cufl8 gb]lvP/} ;a s'/fsf] ;]l6ª
ldnfpF5g\. s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f ;~rf/dGqL x'Fbf ;'dfuL{sf] gfddf nufgL ug{ nufP/ kl5 cfkm}n] x]nf] g]kfnsf]
;]o/ lsGb} 6]lnof;f]g]/fnfO{ a]r]sf];Ddsf s'/f kb{fk5fl8 ;]l6ª ldnfP/ ePsf x'g\. o;f] ug{ pgnfO{ s'g}
bnsf] ;ef;b eO/fVg klg k/]g . ;ef;b ePjfktsf] 3/ef8f /sd lnO/fVg klg k/]g . Pgcf/Pgdf hf];'s}
cWoIf lgj{flrt xf]pg\, pgL hltsf] af]nL laSg] / g]t[Tj Ifdtf s;};Fu ePg. ;ef;b lsg x'g'kof]{, /fdb]jnfO{
g]kfn af]nfP/ pgsf] sfo{j|mddf /fi6«kltb]lv zLif{ g]tf;Dd ;a}nfO{ pkl:yt u/fpg] x}l;ot /fV5g\ .
pk]Gb| dxtf]n] h;/L sdfPsf 5g\ To;/Lg} k/f]sf/L ag]/ ;xof]u klg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . pgn] em)8} ;f9] b'O{
s/f]8 ?lkofF t/fO{ If]qdf ^ j6f :s"n vf]Ng bfg lbO/xFbf rf}w/L eg] rf/ ljBfyL{nfO{ hgxL kfFr xhf/
?lkofFsf] 5fqjl[Q lbPsf] va/ tl:a/;lxt klqsfx?df 5kfpg nfnflot eO/xG5g\ . k|rf/d'vL rf}w/Lsf]
csf]{ c:qdfq} xf] kmf]a;{sf] ;"lr, h'g dxtf]nfO{ geP klg x'G5. To;}n] pgL cfk\mgf] ;Dklt slt 5 v'nfpg
rfxFb}gg\ . rf}w/L kmf]a;{sf] ;"lrdf gfd kg{' JolQmut pknlAw kSs} xf] t/ pgn] cGtjf{t{fx?df eg] h:tf]
a'4 / ;u/dfyfsf] sf]6Ldf /fv]/ b]zn] uj{ ug{'kg]{ ljifo rflx+ x}g. rf}w/LeGbf dxtf] of] dfldnfdf w]/} cufl8
5g\. pgL s/f]8f}Fsf] bfg Ps} k6sdf lbG5g\. kz'kltdf lj|mofk'qL ejg agfpg pgn] rf/ s/f]8 bfg lbP. cfdf
km'ns'df/L dxtf]sf] gfddf vf]lnPsf] 6«:6af6 sl/a @@ s/f]8 ?k}ofF ;fdflhs k/f]ksf/L sfddf pgn] bfg
lbPsf 5g\. cfkm" hGd]sf] :yfgdf c:ktfn agfpg xf];\ ls b]j3f6df j[4f>d agfpg s/f]8f}F ?k}ofF bfg
lbPsf 5g\ . %) nfv ?lkofF JolQmut nufgLdf af6f] agfpF5g\ / dGqLnfO{ pb\3f6g ug{ nufpF5g\. kmf]a;{sf]
;"lrsf cfwf/df rf}w/LeGbf dxtf] ul/a} b]lvP klg ;dfhnfO{ lbg] dfldnfdf eg] rf}w/L lgs} ul/a b]lvG5g\.
-d]/f] ;+;f/, g]kfn xf]/fOhg tyf cGo ;dfrf/ ;|f]t_
ljwf ;flxTo]ltxf; n]vgdf Jojl:yt cWoog k':ts rrf{,
8f= nId0f uf}td
g]kfnL ;dfnf]rgfsf] pQ/jtL{ r/0fdf ;lxTo]ltxf; n]vgdf tLj|tf cfPsf] 5 / sljtf, syf /
pkGof; ljwfsf] Jojl:yt n]vg o; cjlwsf] k|flKt ag]sf] 5 . sljtf ljwfsf] Jojl:yt Oltxf; n]v]/
;flxlTos Oltxf; n]vgdf :yflkt ePsf jl/i7 ;dfnf]rs 8f=vu]Gb|;fb n'O6]nn] g]kfnL pkGof;sf] klg
Jojl:yt Oltxf; n]vL g]kfnL pkGof;sf] Oltxf; -@)^(_ gfds k':ts tof/ u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfn k|1f
k|lti7fgaf6 k|sflzt o; u|Gydf g]kfnL pkGof;sf] cBfjlws ;"rgf / k|ltlglw pkGof;sf/sf k|j[lQ /
s[ltTjsf] ljj]rgf 5 . l;4fGt v08, Oltxf; v08, k|j[lQ v08 / kl/lzi6 v08 u/L rf/cf]6f v08x¿sf ;fy}
tLleqsf ljleGg zLif{s pkzLif{sx¿sf] cfofddf ljtl/t o; s[ltnfO{ g]kfnL pkGof;sf] ;du| Oltj[Qsf
¿kdf dfGg ;lsG5 eg] pkGof;sf] ;}4flGts :j¿ksf] :ki6 b[li6sf]0f / cGo ljwf;Fusf] t'ngf k|ltt'ngfn]
o; s[ltnfO{ cem ljlzi6 t'NofPsf] 5 .
o; u|Gysf] l;4fGt v08df pkGof;sf] kl/ro, kl/efiff, juL{s/0f, ;++/rs 36s / cGo ljwf;Fusf]
t'ngfnfO{ ;6Ls / Jojl:yt tl/sfn] k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnL pkGof;sf] Oltxf; gfds o; u|Gysf]
;a}eGbf 7'nf] / dxTTjk"0f{ v08 eg]sf] Oltxf; v08 xf] / o; v08df ;du| g]kfnL pkGof;sf] ljsf;k|ls|of
k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . @#) k[i7sf] cfofddf lj:tfl/t o; v08df g]kfnL pkGof;sf k|fylds, dfWolds /
cfw'lgs sfn tyf cfw'lgs sfn v08leqsf r/0fx¿sf] ljj]rgf u/L tt\tt\ wf/f÷r/0fsf k|ltlglw
pkGof;sf/x¿sf af/]df k|j[lQut ljZn]if0f / s[ltut ljz]iftfsf] rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 eg] ;Da4 r/0fsf cGo
pkGof;sf/x¿sf cf}kGofl;s s[lt;lxt ;"rL k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . o; v08df dfgs / k|ltlglw
pkGof;sf/sf ¿kdf k|fylds sfnsf kfFr, dfWolds sfnsf cf7 / cfw'lgs sfnsf k~rfgAa] u/L hDdf
Ps;o cf7hgf pkGof;sf/sf JolQmTj, s[ltTj / k|j[lQx¿sf] ljj]rgf ul/Psf] 5 eg] cGo
pkGof;sf/x¿sf] s[ltut ljj/0fnfO{ klg sfnqmlds ¿kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . P]ltxfl;s cWoogsf b[li6n]
of] v08 k|flKtk"0f{ 5 .
g]kfnL pkGof;sf] Oltxf;sf] t];f] v08 k|j[lQ v08sf ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 / o;df cfw'lgs g]kfnL
pkGof;sf k|d'v wf/fut k|j[lQx¿sf] ljZn]if0fsf ;fy tt\tt\ wf/fsf pkGof;sf/x¿sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 /
;Da4 wf/fsf k|j[lQx¿nfO{ a'Fbfut ¿kdf :ki6 kfl/Psf] 5 . wf/fut rrf{sf s|ddf oyfy{jfbL wf/fleq
cfbzf]{Gd'v, P]ltxfl;s, ;fdflhs, cfnf]rgfTds, ;dfhjfbL jf k|ultjfbL / dgf]ljZn]if0ffTds oyfy{jfbL
wf/fsf] ljj]rgf ul/Psf] 5 eg] To;kl5 :jR5GbtfjfbL wf/fsf] ljj]rgf ul/Psf] 5 . k|of]ujfbL wf/fnfO{
cl:tTjjfbL–lj;ª\ultjfbL / gf/LjfbL wf/fsf ¿kdf ljj]rgf ul/Psf] 5 . oL ;a} wf/fsf] ;}4flGts kl/ro /
tt\tt\ wf/fdf kg]{ g]kfnL pkGof;sf/sf] k|:t'lt o; v08sf] dxTjk"0f{ k|flKt xf] . kl/lzi6 v08df g]kfnL
pkGof;sf/x¿ / ltgsf s[ltsf] j0ff{g's|lds ;"rL k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 / o;df Psxhf/ krf;eGbf a9L
pkGof;sf/x¿nfO{ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . o;k|sf/ k|:t't cg';Gwfg lgs} Jojl:yt / j:t'lgi7 x'g k'u]sf] 5 .
g]kfnL pkGof;sf] Oltxf; gfds of] cg';Gwfg u|Gy g]kfnL pkGof;sf] cWoog k/Dk/fdf k[ys\
klxrfg af]s]sf] Jojl:yt cg';Gwfg x'g k'u]sf] 5 . pkGof;sf/ / ltgsf s[ltdflysf k"jf{Woogsf l6Kk0fLx¿
;d]tsf] k|of]u, ;Gbe{u|Gyx¿sf] pkof]u / j:t'ut tyf :ki6 b[l6sf]0fsf sf/0f o; u|GynfO{ g]kfnL
;dfnf]rgfsf If]qdf pNn]vgLo s[ltsf ¿kdf lng ;lsG5 eGg] s'/f o;df ljj]Ro ljifon] g} :ki6 kf/]sf] 5 .
g]kfnL pkGof;sf If]qsf] cBfjlws ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f / To;sf] ljZj;gLotfsf b[li6n] klg of] u|Gy pNn]vgLo
b]lvG5 . pkGof;sf nflu k|of]u geP/ k|of]usf nflu pkGof; / k|of]usf nflu k|of]u u/]/ pkGof;sf]
;+/rgfTds 9fFrfnfO{ g} clts|d0f u/L n]lvPsf pkGof;sf] o;df cfnf]rgf klg ul/Psf] 5 eg] cGo
pkGof;sf/ / ltgsf s[ltk|lt klg lgeL{s b[li6sf]0f k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . v08ut ;fdfu|Lx¿sf] ljGof;, :ki6
b[l6sf]0f / j:t'ut efiffsf sf/0f of] u|Gy Jojl:yt cWoogsf] gd'gf ag]sf] 5 . ;flxTo]ltxf; n]vgsf ljlw /
k4ltdf cfwfl/t eP/ n]lvPsfn] klg of] u|Gy ljZj;gLo ag]sf] 5 . pkGof; l;4fGt / Oltxf; b'j}nfO{
;d]6]/ j:t'lgi7 9ª\un] n]lvPsf] of] g} g]kfnLsf] klxnf] dxŒjk"0f{ s[lt xf] . pkGof;sf cWo]tf, kf7s /
n]vsx¿sf ;fy} pkGof;af/] cWoog ug{ rfxg] ;a}sf nflu ;d]t of] s[lt k7gLo / ;ª\u|x0fLo 5 .
s[lt M g]kfnL pkGof;sf] Oltxf;
ljwf M ;dfnf]rgf
s[ltsf/ M 8f= vu]Gb|;fb n'O6]n
;+:s/0f M k|yd @)^(
k|sfzs M g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fg
k[i7;ª\Vof M $%& ± @$
d"No M $#)

a'4sf] ljkZogf d]/f] Wofgsf] cg'ej, dw';"bg cfrfo{, Eofgs'e/, Sofg8f

ljkZogf clt k|flrg Wofgug]{ lalw xf] . of] lalw eujfg\ a'4n] cfheGbf klRr;;o aif{ cl3 kQfnufpg'
ePsf] lyof] . a'4 cfkm}+n] ljkZogf Wofg ug'{ eof] . kl5 $% aif{;Dd To;j]nfsf dflg;x?nfO{ o;sf] lzIff
lbg' eof] . a'4sf] ;dodf dflg;x?n] ljkZogf Wofgu/L ljleGg lslzdsf b'Mv Sn];af6 d'lStkfO{ lhjgsf
x/]s If]qdf /fd|f] ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;kmn ePsf lyP . ljkZogfsf] lalw g]kfn, ef/t, >Ln+sf cflb ljZjsf
;a} d'n'sdf nf]k eP5 t/ adf{df eg] o;nfO{ /fd|/L hf]ufP/ /flvPsf] /x]5 . adf{df /flvPsf] cgdf]n
ljkZogf lalw g} clxn] ljZje/df cEof; ul/+b} 5 .
ljkZogf Wofg Ps ;/n k|of]ufTds tl/sfn] ul/g] Wofg xf] . o; Wofgaf6 dflg;x? zflGt k|fKt ub{5g\ /
;'vL / cfgGbsf] lhjg lgjf{x ug{ d2t ub{5 . ljkZogfsf] zflAbs cy{ xf], k|fs[lts ?kdf h] h:tf] cj:yfdf
lrhx? 5g\ ltgLx?sf] cjnf]sg ug'{ . ljkZogfsf] Wofgaf6 cfGtl/s zflGt dx;'; ug{ ;lsG5, lbdfu,
dl:tis z'l4s/0f ub{5 / ljleGg ljsf/x?nfO{ kmfNg d2t ub{5 . o;n] ubf{ of] dfgj lhjg ;'vL,
cfgGbdoL x'G5 / j/k/ ;+;u{df cfpg]x?nfO{ klg zflGtdo lhjg 1fkg ug{ pTk|]/0ff lbG5 .
ljkZogf Wofg ug{ slDtdf klg !) lbg] sIff lng' kb{5 / pSt calwe/ Wofgs]Gb|df g} a:g' kb{5 . ljkZogf
!) lbg] sIffdf ;xeflu x'g a8f] b[9 ;+sNk rflxG5 . !) lbg kl/jf/, cfkmGt;+u lj5f]8 ;Dks{ ljlxg eP/
a:g'kg]{, cfkm\gf] b}lgs Ao:t lhjgsf] !) lbg o;df vr{ ug' Pp6f ax't sl7g lg0f{o xf] . !) lbg ;Dd
zfsfxf/L vfgfdfq vfgkfOg] df+;fxf/Lsf nflu csf]{ r"gf}ltsf] laifo xf] . To:t} dlb/f vfg gkfOg], lzIfs jf
Joj:yfkgsf kbflwsf/Lx?;+u afx]s cGo sf]lx;+u klg ( lbg;Dd af]Ng gkfOg], clxn]sf] ;+rf/ dfWodsf]
o'udf 6]lnlehg, df]afOn kmf]g, sDKo"6/ cflb s'g}klg ;fdfg k|of]uug{ gkfO{g], n]Vg / k9g ;d]t k|ltaGw
x'g' ;f+lRrs} s8f lgod xf] . !) lbg;Dd Wofgs]Gb|sf] jlkl/ tf]lsPsf] If]q leqdfq lj>fdsf] ;dodf lx+88'n
ug{ kfO{g], cfkm'n] dflg cfPsf] b]jL b]jtfsf] dfnf hKg, :tf]q lstfj cflb jfrg ug{ gkfO{g] jf lgTosd{ ug{
klg lgz]if ul/Psf] x'G5 h'g o:tf sd{ug]{x?sf nflu ufx|f] laifo xf] .

ljkZogfsf lo lgodx? ;/;/L x]bf{ ;a} u[x:yL g]fs/L ug]{ jf k9g], To;df klg zx/df a:g] AolQmx?sf]
nflu æo:tf] ufx|f] lgod klg kfngf ug{ ;lsG5 / <Æ eGg] nfUg ;Sg' :jefljs xf] . o:t} ljrf/x? klg d]/f]
dgdf gcfPsf] x}g . cfheGbf sl/j @% aif{cl3 g} ljkZogf Wofgs]Gb| sf7df08f}df 5 eGg] s'/f ;fyLaf6
yfxf ePsf] lyof] . t/ To;avt dgdf /QLe/ klg Wofgug{ hfg] OR5f, rfxgf ?rL ePg . t/, ;do anafg
x'+bf] /x]5 . dnfO{ klg !), !) lbg;Dd sxfF To:tf] ufx|f] lgod kfngf ug{ ;lsG5, km";{n ldnfpg ;lsG5
h:tf] nfu]/ ! lbg] sIffsf] vf]hL ug{ yfn]+ . !) lbg] sIff lnO;s]sfn] dfq ! lbg] cEof; sIff ;+rfngx'+bf]
/x]5 eGg] yfxf eof] . To:t} Pshgf ;fyLn] eGg' ePsf] lyof] –a'af sf7df08f}df ljkZogf sIff ;+rfng
ePsf] t];|f]lbg Aoa:yfkg kIf;+u emu8f u/L sIff 5f]l8 aflx/ lgl:sg' ePsf] lyof] . of] ;'Gbf t emg} dnfO{
klg st} d klg sIff k'/f ug{ g;ls lard} 5f]8g' kg]{ t x}g eGg] dgdf z+sf pAh]sf] klg lyof] . s] u/f}+ eGb}
s]lx dlxgf ljtfPkl5, h];'s}xf]; Psrf]l6 !) lbg] sIffdf g} gfd n]vfpg' kof{] egL dgdf b[9 lgZro u/L
km]j|'c/L !$, @)!# df ;+rfng x'g] !) lbg] sIffsfnflu l8;]Da/ !%, @)!@ sf lbg btf{ubf{ l;6 gkfP/
k|ltIff ;"lrdf lyP, kl5 hgj/L !(, @)!# sf lbg aNn gfd btf{eof] eg]/ Od]n cfof] . sIff ;+rfng x'g]
lbgeGbf Ps lbgcl3 g} Wofgs]Gb| k'Ug'kg]{ lgod cg';f/ km]a|'c/L !# sf lbg Eofgs'e/ af6 ltg306fsf]
8«fOesf] ;do nfUg] d]l/6 zx/ glhs} /x]sf] Wofgs]Gb| k'u]+ . Toxf“ km]l/ gfd n]vfO{ cfkm\gf] ;'Tg] sf]7fsf] gDa/
lnO{ ;dfg /fv]+ . a]n'ls & ah]b]lv g} ;a} lgod nfu' eof] / sIff z'? eof] . !) lbg] sIff k'/fu/L 3/
kms]{kl5 cfkm\gf cg'ejx? ;a};+u af+8f} egL of] n]v n]Vg pTk|]l/t eP+ .

ljkZogf eg]sf] k|of]ufTds, j}1flgs tl/sfsf] lbdfusf] Jofofd /x]5 . zl// tGb?:t /fVg lhd jf
:jld8=k'n uP h:t} !) lbg] ljkZogf u/]df lbdfusf] Jofofd eO{ lbdfu Psfu|tf ug{ ;lhnf] xF'bf] /x]5 eGg]
yfxf eof] . wd{df cf:yf x'g] jf gx'g], h'g;'s} wd{, j0f{, efiff, b]zsf dflg;sfnflu of] pkof]uLx'g] k|of]ufTds
tl/sfn] ul/g] Wofg /x]5 . Wofg ubf{ s'g} klg b]jL b]jtfsf] cfs[ltnfO{ ;+Demg' kb}{g, To:t} s'g} klg dGqx?sf]
pRrf/0f ug'{ kb}g . s'g}klg zAbx?nfO{ bf]x/\ofpg' kb}{g . klxn] k|fs[lts tl/sfn] lbdfunfO{ s]lGb|t ug{
cEof; u/fOG5 . w]/} af]n]df, w]/} ;"rgfx? k|jfxePdf lbdfu cl:y/ x'G5, rGrn x'G5, Psfu| x'g ufx|f] x'G5,
To;}n] lt ;a} lgodx? Kffngf ug'{kg]{ /x]5 .
eujfg\ a'4n] Tolta]nfsf ;Dk"0f{ wfld{s u|Gyx?sf] cWoog u/L ljleGg u'?x?af6 lzIff ln+bf klg 1fg k|fKt
gePkl5 ?vd'lg zfGt jftfj/0fdf a;L cfkm\gf] zl//leq s]lGb|t eO{ Wofg ubf{ 1fg k|fKt ePsf] lyof] . ;f]lx
1fgsf cfwf/df g} ljkZogf Wofg l;sfO{bf] /x]5 .
sIff ;'?ePsf] Ps b'O{lbg cln ufx|f] h:tf] rflx+ nfUbf] /x]5 . t/ Wofgubf{ kBdf;gdf g} a:g' kg]{ eGg]
lgod /x]g5 . 6'qm'Ss a;]klg, 3'+8f3;]/ a;]klg kfOg] /x]5, a]nfavtdf a:g] kf]lh;g ablng kfOg] ePsf]n]
ufx|f] xF'bf] /x]g5, . To:t} Wofgs]Gb|df k|ofKt{ ;+Vofdf ljleGg cfsf/sf rsl6x? /x]5g\, To:t} dfly kmf]d
/flvPsf] lksf{ klg x'Fbf] /x]5 . d}n] Wofg ug]{ avtsf] sIffdf lt;hgf k'?if / lt;hgf dlxnfx? lyP . Plzof
jf blIf0f Plzofsf hGd]sf jf Totflt/ hGd]sf] cg'xf/sf xfdL hDdf bzhgf lyof}+ . c? ;a} Sofgf8fd} hGd
ePsf JolQmx? cyf{t uf]/fx? g} lyP . To:t} ;xfos lzIfs lzlIfsfx?, efG;fdf sfdug]{ :jo+;]jLx? ;a}
uf]/fx? g} lyP . of] b]v]/ dnfO{ crDd nfUof] . bzf}lbgsf lbg hj af]Ng kfO{of] To;avt d}n] w]/}h;f] k'?if
;xefuLx?nfO{ ;f]w]sf] lyP+, of] Wofgsf] jf/]df s;/L yfxf kfpg' eof] eg]/ < w]/} h;f]n] ;fyL jf gft]bf/af6
yfxf kfPsf /x]5g\, To:t} sltkonfO{ eg] kfl/jfl/s ;d:of ePsf], s'g} k|f]h]S6 ubf{ lbdfu r+rn eO{ Psfu|
gx'g] cflb sf/0fn] ubf{ sfpG;]n/n] ;Nnfx lbPsf]n] cfPsf] egL eg]sf lyP . Toxf+ Wofgdf efulng cfPsf
;a}nfO{ a'4 n'lDagLdf hGd ePsf] eGg] 1fg /x]5, w]/} h;f] g]kfn ef/tsf] e|d0f klg ul/ ;s]sf /x]5g,
To:t} sltko cfufld s]lx aif{d} g]kfn ef/t e|d0fdf hfg] eGg] s'/f u/] .
Wofgsf avtdf k|jrgdf elgP cg';f/ dfgj dl:tisdf b'O{j6f lbdfu x'G5 Conseious / Unconseious cf+vf
vf]n]sf] avtdf Conseious lbdfun] sfd ubP5, To:t} cf+vf aGb u/]sf] avtdf Unonseious lbdfun] sfd
ub{5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu tkfO{ cf+vf lrDn]/ cf]5\ofgdf klN6 /xg' ePsf] avt nfdv'6\6]n] s'g} 7fp+df 6f]Sof]
eg] tkfO{sf] xft :jt Tof] 6f]s]sf] 7fpFdf k'U5 / nfdv'6\6]nfO{ dfg{ jf eufpg k'U5 . To; avt
Unconseious lbdfun] sfd ub{5 . nfdv'6\6]sf] 6f]sfO clt lta| ePsf]n] dfq Tof] lbdfun] yfxf kfpFb5 .
ljkZogfsf] Wofg u/]kl5 zl//sf c?efudf ePsf nfdv'6\6]sf] 6f]sfO{ eGbf sd c;/ ePsf ;+j]bgfx?sf] klg
Unconseious lbdfun] hfgsf/L kfpFbf] /x]5 / Psfu|tf ug{ ;Sg]/x]5 .

!) lbg] sIff ;lsPkl5 lhp km'lt{nf] ePsf] 5, dl:tis r+uf ePsf] 5 . dgdf gof+ hf]z, hf+u/ el/P/ cfPsf]
5 . dfgj lhjgsf af/]df dgdf /x]sf cg'Ql/t w]/} k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm ldn]sf] 5 . lhGbuLdf ug'{kg]{ Pp6f
/fd|f] sfd ul/P5 h:tf] nfu]sf] 5, 7"nf] pknlAw k|fKt ePsf] nflu /x]sf] 5 . dgdf zflGt ldn]sf] 5 .
lhjgsf nflu dgdf Pp6f /fd|f] dfu{ bz{g ldn]sf] 5 . d}n] of] sIff lsg cufl8 lnOg x]fnf h:tf] klg nfUof]
Ps k6s t .
/fhf c;f]sn] a'4sf] 1fgaf6 a9L eGbf a9L dfgL;x? nfeflGjt x'g eg]/ a'4sf ;Gb]z, 1fg ef/taif{
nufot Plzofsf b]zx?, vf8L /fi6« / o"/f]k;Dd klg k|rf/ug{ leIf'x? Pj+ 1fgk|fKt u/]sf AolQmx? k7fPsf
lyP . olx qmddf adf{df klg b'O{ leIf'x? ;f]gf / pQ/f k'u]sf lyP . a'4sf] 1fg, ;Gb]zsf wfld{s u|Gyx?
;a}lt/ hu]gf{u/L /flvPklg ljkZogf Wofgsfaf/] eg] adf{df afx]s cGo b]zdf nf]k ePsf] /x]5 . adf{sf]
u'Dafdf eg] efjL ;GttLsfnflu cfjZos k5{ egL ljkf;gf nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ a'4sf1fgx? /fd|f] htgsf
;fy /flvPsf] /x]5 .
;g\ !(@$ df adf{df hGd ePsf ef/tLod"nsf Ps gful/s ;Togf/fof0f uf]PGsf adf{sf] lxGb';+3sf klg
cWoIf lyP . pgL Ps ;kmn Jofkf/L lyP h;sf] Aofkf/ hfkfg, l;+ufk'/;Dd km}lnPsf] lyof] . pgL crfgs
Ps k|sf/sf] dfOu|]g 6fpsf] b'Vg] /f]uaf6 lkl8t eP5g\ . Plzofsf pkrf/ gePkl5 o"/f]k lt/klg pkrf/
u/fpg uP5g\ t/ Tof] /f]usf] s'g} pkrf/ gePkl5 8S6/x?n] pgnfO{ dlkm{g lbg yfn]5g\ . pgnfO{ em08}
dlkm{gsf] nt g} nfUg yfn]5 . To;} lardf pgsf Pshgf ;fyLn] pgnfO{ cf}iflwaf6 ltd|f] pkrf/ ePg,
Psrf]l6 u'Dafdf uP/ !) lbgsf] ljkZogf Wofgu/L x]/g, s] lau|G5 / < eg]5g\ . ;f]xL ;Nnfx cg';f/ pgL
adf{sf Vofltk|fKt ljkZogf lzIfs :ofuoL p jf lsg af6 !) lbg] Wofgsf] sIff lnP5g\ . To;af6 pgsf]
/f]u lgsf] x'g'sf] ;fy} pgdf a'4sf ljleGg 1fg tyf ;Gb]zdf ?rLa9]5 / To;sf] /fd|f] cWoog u/]5g\ /
o;}df lnKt eP5g\ . To;kl5 pgL cfkm} adf{d} lkZogfsf] cWofkg u/fpg yfn]5g\ . ;g\ !(^( b]lv ef/tdf
ljkZogf sIff ;+rfng ug{ z'?u/]5g\ / To;sf] bzaif{ kl5 ef/taflx/ ljZjsf cGo d"n'sdf klg cWofkg
u/fpg z'?u/]5g\ .
cfh ljZje/ () eGbf a9L b]zx? ljkZogf Wofg l;sfOG5 . tkfO{ a;]sf] zx/ glhs} sxfF Wofg s]Gb| 5
egL hfgsf/L rflxPdf http://www.dhamma.org/ OG6/g]6 ;fO{6 x]g'{ xf]nf . Wofgs]Gb|df u'? uf]PGsfaf6
lzIff kfPsf :jo+;]jL ;xfos lzIfsx? x'G5g\ . u'? uf]PGsfaf6 l;sfOPsf] Wofgsf ljlwx?sf] cl8of] ahfO{
k|lzIffyLx?nfO{ Wofg l;sfOG5 . To:t} uf]PGsfsf] k|jrgsf] lel8of] x/]s lbg ;f+em ;'gfOG5 . s]lx k|Zgx?
ePdf ;xfos lzIfsnfO{ ;f]Wg ;lsG5 . x/]s Wofg s]Gb|df k'?ifx?sf nflu Ps k'?if ;xfos lzIfs /
dlxnfx?sfnflu Ps dlxnf ;xfos lzlIfsf Wofgsf] ;dodf a:g' x'G5 . vfgf ksfpg] / Wofg Joj:yfkg
ug]{ ;a} :jo+;]jLx?af6 x'G5 . Wofgug{ !) lbg] sIffdf btf{ ubf{ jf Wofgsf nflu s'g} z'Ns ltg'{ kb}{g . a:g],
vfg] ;a} lgMz'Ns 5 . Wofgsf] !) lbg] sIff ;lsPkl5 cfkm\gf] uR5] cg';f/sf] bfg /sd lbP x'G5 . c?n]
lbPsf bfgaf6 cfkm'n] Wofg ubf{ a:g vfg kfOof] To;/L g} kl5 c? cfpg]x?n] klg cfkm'n] lbPsf] bfgaf6
To;/L g} nfe p7fpg ;s'g eg]/ bfg ;+sng ul/G5 .
x/]s lbg ;f+em & jh] b]lv sl/j Ps 306fsf] k|jrgsf] lel8of] ahfOG5 . u'? uf]PGsfn] k|jrgsf qmddf a'4
wd{sf pkb]z, a'4sf ;dodf ePsf 36gfx?sf] syf cflb ;'gfpg' x'G5 . !) lbg ;Dd j]Unf j]Un} k|jrgsf]
lel8of] ahfOG5 . clt k|i6, /fd|f] pbfx/0fx? lbP/ elgPsf] k|jrg ;'gL/x'+ h:tf] nfUb5 . lbgdf klg sltj]nf
;f+emknf{ / km]/L k|jrg ;'Gg kfOPnf h:tf] x'G5 . k|jrgsf] ;f/ s'/f, dflg;df cx+kg / dfof df]x g} b'Mvsf]
d'Vo sf/0f xf] . To:t} ef}lts lrhx? ;+u|x ug]{, k|fKtug]{ clenfiff, cfkm' ;w} l7s cfkm' jfx]s c? ;a} unt
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x'g' klg b'Mvsf] sf/0f xf] . ;'v b'Mv ;a} cj:yfdf ;dfg b[li6, ;dfg Jojxf/ ug{ ;s] lhjg pQd x'G5 .
lgod k"j{s cfo cfh{g ug'{, kl/jf/ kfNg', clnslt ;xof]u ;dfhdf klg ug'{, em'7f] gaf]Ng', ;a} k|f0fLdf bof
dfof ug'{, s'g} s'/fdf t'?Gt k|ltlqmof glbOxfNg', ;f]r]/ ;Dem]/ ljrf/ u/]/ dfq s]lx af]Ng' cflb u/]df hLjg
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!) lbg] sIff lbOPsf] lyof] . lbNnLsf] k'ln; egf{ s]Gb|df xhf/f}+ k'ln;x?n] tflnd :j?k !) lbg] ljkZogf
sIff lnPsf 5g\ . ef/tsf] b'O{j6f sf/fuf/df :yfoL ljkZogf s]Gb| 5g\ h;af6 bzxhf/ eGbf a9L s}bLx?n]
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nufPsf] lyof] h;af6 pSt dGqfnod clgldottf k"0f{?kdf lgd"{n eof] . ;g\ @))) df, g]zgn OlG:6Ro"6
ckm x]Nyn] o"lgel;{l6 ckm jfl;ª\u6g, cd]l/sf nfO{ # aif{;Dd ljkZogf Wofg kl5sf] lb3{sflng k|efjsf]
cWoog ug{ /sd lbPsf] lyof] . To:t} cnjfdf / ;gk|mfG;L:sf] h]ndf klg ljkZogf Wofgsf] sIff ;+rfng
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lbg] ljkZogf sIffdf ;xefuLx'g tnjL ljbf lbg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] .
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ePsfn] klZrldb]zdf Wofgug{ dflg;x?sf] ;+Vof a9bf] 5 . ev{/sf ljBfyL{, sd{rf/L ;a} pd]/sf
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ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . of] n]vaf6 s]jn ;f/s'/fx? dfq JoQm ug]{ k|of; ul/Psf] xf] .
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l/6fo8{nfO{kmdf cln cfWoflTds aGg] xf] eg] ljkZogfs} Wofgaf6 ;fwf/0f dflg;n] klg lgjf{0ffsf] af6f]df
hfg ;Sb5 . ljkZogf Wofg a'em\g]nfO{ of] >Lv08 xf], ga'em\g]nfO{ v'kf{sf] la+8 eg] h:t} xf] . ljkZogf >LVf08
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ljkZogf Wofgs]Gb|af6 !) lbg] sIff lnO{ cfkm\gf] kfl/jfl/s u|fx:y lhjg ;'lvdo agfpg' x'g]5 eGg] cfz
u/]sf] 5', o;nfO{ v'kf{sf] la+8 eg]/ gkmfNg' xf]nf . wGojfb .
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Mamma’s Pizza
Traditional Gourmet
416 466 6266
www.mammaspizza.ca