Internet of Things Based Home Security
Using Raspberry Pi.
Ms. Ashwini Pawar
Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
S. S. G. M. C. E, Shegaon.
Shegaon, India.
ashpwr101@gmail.com
Abstract: In our daily life everywhere, every time,
every second we need internet to fulfil our needs/
search. In home automation to operate or monitor
things within home, from outside we require internet.
Looking at the huge usage of Internet of Things (IoT)
we decided to use IoT in home security system. For
IoT based home security we require Some platform to
connect the things and perform a program so, we
have selected the latest version of Raspberry Pi model
which is Raspberry Pi 3 Model B. In this paper our
approach is to secure home in terms of any damage
and theft.
Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT), home security, is
Raspberry Pi 3 Model- B.
I. INTRODUCTION
Internet of Things was introduced by Kevin Ashton
in 1999. The key term of Internet of Thing is to
connect things, devices, vehicles, to the internet via
GSM, RFID, WiFi. A concept of interconnecting
Bluetooth and things is there to control appliances
[2] etc. IoT is machine to machine type of
communication in which under some platform we
connect the things or devices and the data is
exchanged between the devices via the platform
that we use to connect the devices and our
computer/ laptop/ mobile via internet.
IoT works on four stage layer [7] which we can
study for better understanding of IoT as follows.
1. Network Layer: In network layer the sensors or
actuators are connected to the interlinked
platform to sense the external environment and
provide the data to the intermediate platform to
take appropriate action.
2. Internet gateway: The data acquired by the
sensor is analog in nature which is then
converted into digital streams for future
processing and this is done by data acquisition
system (DAS). DAS converts data from analog
978-1-5386-5257-2/18/$31.00©2018IEEE
Prof. V. M. Umale
Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
S. S. G. M. C. S, Shegaon.
Shegaon, India
vmumale@reddifmail.com
to digital and sends to the third layer for
further procedure.
Fig 1: Four stage layer of IoT
3. Management layer: Management layer is
interface between internet gateway and
application layer. This layer manages device
data and data collected by internet gateway. It
collect large amount of raw data and extract
real time data from it.
4. Application layer: Application layer is the
extreme layer which provides interaction
between user and things connected to the
internet. The things like transportation, health
care, agriculture, supply chain, government,
retail etc
In this way IoT works in four layers, and by 2020
there will be millions of objects connected to the
IoT. All cities, vehicles, industries will be
automated after few years
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
In the home automation system (HAS) Vikram N.
[1] used ATmega microcontroller as base, and
provides low cost home automation system. The
HAS provide us the security aspects such as motion
detection, gas leakage protection, flame protection
and power saving in the home.
In the smart home system by Praveen Kumar and
Umesh Chandra Pati [2], both Arduino and
Raspberry Pi are used. To monitor and control
home appliances such as light, fan, heater, washing
machine, tap, etc. Arduino is used and to record
voice and capture video Raspberry Pi is used all
this is done by graphic user interface (GUI) on
mobile applications.
The smart home automation by Eleni Isa, Nicolas
Sklavos [4] gives us the smart home concept which
is based on Ethernet shield and ATmega 328 board.
The process involves capturing the photo and stores
it in the memory card, b) the ethernet shield
initializes the connection, 3) the photo is
transferred from the memory card to the internal
buffer, and finally d) the shield schedules the
process, which will send the data through the
Ethernet [4].
All the above system’s purpose is to solve the
security issues but, the time required to perform the
task is not mentioned anywhere, so as to improve
the time in our system. Also the platforms used in
the previous systems are old one. In this paper our
approach is to mention the time required for the
system output and to use latest version of
Raspberry Pi which is having higher speed than
previous ones.
The remaining paper is organized as follows: In
section III, system overview is described. In section
IV, material and methodology of the system is
given. In section V results, conclusion and future
work are discussed and finally references are given.
III. SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Fig 2: Block diagram of home security system
Block diagram of system consist of peripheral
sensors for motion detection, Pi camera, gas
leakage detector, fire (smoke) detector, exhaust
fan, buzzer, light, magnetic sensor, relay,
vibration sensor, power supply, and the main
platform of the system is Raspberry Pi 3 which
accepts environmental changes and activates
output according to the changes. The design is
based on only Raspberry Pi board and the
2018 Forth International Conference on Computing Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBAE)
sensors which are connected to the input/
output ports of this Raspberry Pi board. The
Python script communicates with the
Raspberry Pi board and operates the devices,
Python script allows controlling of the
Raspberry Pi board
Fig 3: Raspberry Pi 3 Model B [10]
Raspberry Pi 3 is having faster speed than the
earlier models of Raspberry Pi that is 1.2 GHz.
Also it is having 802.11n wireless LAN (WiFi)
and Bluetooth 4.1which was not present in the
earlier models of Raspberry Pi 3. As Raspberry
Pi 3 model B is more efficient than the
previous models we are going to use this in our
system.
IV. MATERIAL AND METHODLOGY
A. Material :
The various peripherals in the systems are
sensor’s, hardware’s, relays and for
programming purpose keyboard and mouse are
also required. Python script is used to control
the various interfaced devices. The peripherals
used are as follows.
a. Pi camera module: It is used to capture images
as well as videos. The module has a two
megapixel camera that supports 1080p30, 720p60
and VGA90 video modes, as well as stills
capture. It is connected to the Raspberry Pi board
via a CSI cable ribbon in CSI port. It's important
to sleep for at least 2 seconds before capturing, to
give the sensor time to set its light levels.
b. PIR Sensor: A passive infrared sensor (PIR
sensor) is an electronic sensor that detects heat
emitted from humans and animals body and
accordingly produces results. They are mostly
found in PIR-based motion detectors. PIR
detector works in 120º angle and 20 feet area
in front of it.
c. Magnetic sensor: A reed type magnetic switch
is used over here which is used at the door for
security purpose. In this switch mechanism
when circuit is closed it produces magnetic
flux and after taking the reed apart the flux are
disturbed. In this way at the door it works on
opening and closing of doors or windows.
d. Buzzer: A buzzer is a small and efficient the system while exiting the home. After
component to add alert sound to our starting up the system the GPIO pins are
project/system. It is a very small and compact assigned to their dedicated tasks.
2-pin structure which can be easily used on
breadboard and even on PCBs which makes
this a widely used component in most
electronic applications.
e. Gas detector: A gas leakage may occur due to
damage in gas pipe, like if someone is digging
a hole and accidentally breaks an underground
gas line. The gas detector require 5V of supply
and when the gas is detected the output
becomes 5V else the output becomes low that
is 0V. Likewise every time our sensor will
sense the environment and if the gas is
detected digital pin will go high (5V) else will
remain low (0V).
f. Vibration Sensor: Vibration sensor produces
electrical signals in proportion to the vibrations
produced in component. The sensitivity of
Vibration sensor typically range between 10 to
100 mV. The module outputs logic level high
(VCC) when it is triggered and a low (GND)
when it isn’t. The LED on the module is turned
on when it is triggered. The supply voltage
required to the sensor is 3.3V-5V.
g. Relay: A relay is used as current amplifier.
When a current flows through the coil an
electromagnetic field is generated. The field
generated in the relay which attracts an iron
armature, whose other end pushes the contacts
together to complete the circuit. A relay driver
IC is used whenever we want to switch a bulb
ON and OFF.
h. Flame sensor: Flame sensor is Sensitive to fire
flame. It has wide range voltage comparator
LM393 and adjustable sensitivity. Its Spectrum
range is 760nm ~ 1100nm and 0 - 60 degree. Fig 4: Peripherals with Raspberry Pi 3
Power requirement of flame sensor is 3.3V ~ Outside the door there is PIR sensor which detects
5.3V and the Operating temperature is 25℃ ~ the motion of intruder. Whenever any motion is
85℃. Dimension of the sensor is 27.3mm * detected within the range of 5 to 6 meter and 180
15.4mm. This module can be applied to fire degree the PIR sensor sends signal to Raspberry Pi
detection system, fire-fighting robot, fire alarm and Rasberry Pi starts the bulb inside the home to
system, etc alert the intruder.
After studying all the peripherals in detail we can
There is magnetic sensor at the door, if someone
interface them with Raspberry Pi 3 as shown in tries to break or open the door the magnetic sensor
figure 4. breaks and the signal is sent to the Raspberry Pi
and within seconds the Raspberry pi activates Pi
B. Methodology: The flow of the complete camera to capture image of intruder. Along with
system is given over hear in the following flow this procedure at a time the buzzer will turn on and
chart in figure 5. First of all we have to turn on captured image will be sent to the users mail.

2018 Forth International Conference on Computing Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBAE)

Fig 5: Flow chart of the system
We have fixed a temperature sensor inside home
which gets activated if the temperature exceeds
above the threshold value which is set to 50 degree
Celsius, the temperature sensor will be activated
and at a time Raspberry Pi will turn on the buzzer
and send a message in mail to alert the owner about
danger.
There is a gas detector fixed near the LPG gas
cylinder which gets activated by the Raspberry Pi
when it senses gas leakage above threshold and one
by one the exhaust fan and buzzer will be on. At
the same time an alert message is sent to the owner
through mail.
V. RESULTS , CONCLUSION AND
FUTURE WORK
Results: we get a complete hardware of Home
Security System (HSS). In which each and every
peripherals are attached to the Raspberry Pi 3
Model B so as to get the security alerts after every
event.
2018 Forth International Conference on Computing Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBAE)
Fig 6: Complete home security system
Whenever the motion is detected by the PIR sensor
outside, the bulb inside home become ON and we
get ‘light on’ in output.
Fig 7: Bulb on when motion is detected
When the magnetic sensor is pulled, means when
the door is opened by someone then the Pi camera
is activated soon and capture the image of intruder.
The text message ‘shor Machao Chor Aya’ along
with the captured image is sent to the users mail
within a minute or minutes depending upon
network connectivity.
Gas sensor is activated when the gas leakage is
detected and Raspberry Pi will turn on the buzzer
and the exhaust fan after this ‘LPG gas leakage
alert’ such message in the mail is sent to the user.
Similarly, all the peripherals are activated when the
event is triggered. After every event the alert
message is sent through mail to the user.
 break alert and captured image of intruder with
alert message are attached to the mail of the owner.
Future work: IoT is having the great attention in
home security and it is changing the way of living
of everyone. So we have covered the home security
aspects using IoT but the major reason of capturing
fire is short circuits in the wirings. So in Future
along with the covered parameter in our project we
can add short circuit protection which is mainly
responsible for major fires.

REFRENCES

[1] Vikram.N, Harish K.S, Nihaal M.S,Raksha

Umesh4, Shetty Aashik Ashok Kumar, ‘A
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Using Wi-Fi Based Wireless Sensor
Network Incorporating Internet of
Things(IoT)’ 2017 IEEE 7th International
Advance Computing Conference, (pg -174
to 178)
[2] Praveen Kumar, Umesh Chandra Pati ‘ IoT
Based Monitoring and Control of
Appliances for Smart Home’ IEEE
International Conference On Recent
Trends In Electronics Information
Communication Technology, May 20-21,
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[3] Moataz Soliman, Tobi Abiodun, Tarek
Hamouda, Jiehan Zhou, Chung-Horng
Lung ‘Smart Home: Integrating Internet of
Things with Web Services and Cloud
Computing’ 2013 IEEE International
Figure 8 Alert messages are sent to user’s mail after every event
Conference on Cloud Computing
Technology and Science, (pg -317 to 320)
[4] Eleni Isa, Nicolas Sklavos ‘Smart Home
Automation: GSM Security System
Design & Implementation’ ResearchGate
Conference Paper · January 2017, (pg -1
to 4)
[5] Ho-Kyeong Ra, Sangsoo Jeong, Hee Jung
Yoon, and Sang Hyuk Son ‘WiP Abstract:
SHAF: Framework for Smart Home
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Kalaimannan, N. Wilde ‘A Case Study on
Fig 9: Image captured and received on mail the Trade-Offs between Security,
Scalability, and Efficiency in Smart Home
Conclusion: In our project Home security system Sensor Networks’, 2016 International
the security issues we covered over here are fire Conference on Computational
security, door security, glass break alert and gas Science and Computational Intelligence,
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connected to the Raspberry Pi board such as PIR
sensor, MQ2 sensor, Vibration sensor, Flame
sensor and Magnetic sensor. And the alert
messages for fire security, gas leakage alert, glass

2018 Forth International Conference on Computing Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBAE)
[7] Li Da Xu, Senior Member, IEEE, Wu He,
and Shancang Li, ‘Internet of Things in
Industries: A Survey’ ,IEEE Transactions
on Industrial Informatics, Vol. 10, No. 4,
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[8] Vaibhav Sharma, Chirag Fatnani , Pranjal

katara,Vishnu shankar , ‘Advanced Low-
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[9] Sean Dieter Tebje Kelly, Nagender Kumar

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[10] An article available on: https: //www
.simple. m. wikipedia.org >Raspberry Pi 3.

2018 Forth International Conference on Computing Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBAE)