Bronislaw Malinowski is an anthropologist, and is considered one of the most

influential anthropologists of the 20th century. He has a large number of research

projects including field materials, books, and some unpublished images or
manuscripts. However, his career was also very different from his contemporaries;
because she was raised in a noble family and has many academic benefits. Therefore,
in the educational environment from family especially Malinowski's father, he also
had a lot of academic influence. Before that, he attended Cracow University and
received his doctorate in 1908. Most especially, during the next two years, he studied
further at Leipzig University, where he had a strong impression of resonance, very
large from Wilhelm Wundt; who shifted his interests to bring Malinowski from
physics scientist to cultural anthropologist. It was the influence of Wilhelm Wundt
that prompted Malinowski to come and study at the British Museum and London
School of Economics. The stimulation of Westermarck and Seligman, Frazer also
confirmed that he had many interests in his anthropology. The most successful of
which were Malinowski's books: Argonauts of the Western Pacific (1922), The
Sexual Life of Savages in Northwestern Melanesia (1929), and A Diary in the Strict
Sense of the Term (1967),... In this essay, the reason for choosing three books
"Argonauts of the Western Pacific (1922), The Sexual Life of Savages in
Northwestern Melanesia (1929), and A Diary in the Strict Sense of the Term (1967)"
to write about anthropologist Malinowski. This is because it can be said that the
three most prominent books Malinowski discovered and had anthropological records
in the Western Pacific region. It contributes not only to the anthropology of England
but also to the world of anthropology.

In the beginning, the short essay to write about this character is based on the book
"Argonauts of the Western Pacific" I will pick only the parts that I choose to be the
most expensive and combine the two books "The Sexual Life of Savages in
Northwestern Melanesia and A Diary in the Strict Sense of the Term ”to further
expand the essay. It can be said that Malinowski has made a trip to leave many
researches as well as leave many fieldwork on anthropology not only for England,
but also for humanity.

"Argonauts of the Western Pacific" is one of the most important works on

ethnography and anthropological research. In this book, Malinowski shows us the
way he studies, the spectacular view of the settlement. people on Papua New Guinea.
Also through chapters, anthropologist Malinowski also recorded and explained to us
about island life, social systems, how indigenous peoples live-work, cultural aspects.
In particular, he referred to the anonymous and complex exchange system called
"Kula".

We will not go into details in chapters that might indicate such a thing: Malinowski
explained in a specific and plausible way the way he works in field research is
drastically different from what is studied based on the theory that available. So when
faced with reality, the most important thing is to apply the research theory to the
environment effectively. He also explained the importance of having to interact
directly with people and their cultures. Because, the more you interact with people,
and you'll see clearly the reason for the actions you're doing, how to harness
objectivity from the norm of everyday life in research. Malinowski has shown us the
importance of providing outstanding details, behaviors, and accents to a small corner
of the subculture: (knowledge, beliefs, art, ethics, customs and habits. acquainted)
in tribal life. In addition, anthropologist Malinowski tries to explain to us how to
find important sources of information, from methodological arguments based on
sociological and psychological perspectives, and on thorough observation. In
addition, ethnographic source data is scientifically valuable whenever it is possible
for us to clearly distinguish between direct observation results, and to show inference
in the field and Psychological ability to exploit. In the following chapters,
Malinowski explains in more depth the data found during his research, he points out
the territory being studied, the racial division, the traditions and customs of the
residents. , social structure, main rules, and daily activities and many other factors.

In theory and methodology of Malinowski, we clearly see that he was very

successful in applying what was available to complete his work. An objective
approach and review of field research through this work is by both observing and
recording what is happening in the field. On the other hand, Malinowski also has the
ability to create and sharpen insight into the problem under study thanks to the deep
sensitivity inside. Basically, he is very humble, always hungry and appreciated.
However, he always finds it difficult to listen to criticism with unfriendly criticism,
sometimes drawing him into unnecessary arguments. In his scientific work, due to
his thorough sensitivity and the influence of others, he has become an extraordinary
observer, and is appreciated for his nuanced depictions. Recognizing many aspects
of his emotional depth, Malinowski consistently persevered in finding ways to
discover in others the underlying motives within each normal activity, and never
allowed to rest with work. document the extraordinary depictions of human activities
(in other words, indigenous New Guinea residents)of the interaction of cultural
models, activities that take place far away in the area where he works. The degree of
influence on the anthropological theories that Malinowski was accepted and created
for his outstanding research work, therefore, he is ranked as one of the great
anthropologists in the history of behavioral science of human. He not only devotes a
comprehensive reorientation of interests and specific perspectives on anthropology.
But also in his work, he also left significant impressions on sociological
development, law and linguistics.

Malinowski put great faith in building solid methods of group concepts in society
and society. He also pointed out that anthropologists have long dared not build a
complete system to explain the history of cultural phenomena, customs, and
prominence in the social structure of a given region. Particularly for a social group
and the culture it carries, Malinowski has applied the term “institution” that he set
out. However, from many points of view on the different definitions given by
sociologists, Malinowski came up with this concept and analyzed very effectively.
Demonstrate that any society is largely represented through a series of organized
and functioning behavioral systems within that social unit, and provides the most
satisfactory empirical investigation area under study. The method Malinowski
devised consisted of the three most basic principles. First, he alluded to and pointed
out to an anthropologist as much as possible, from many different perspectives, and
made his own comprehensive view on the research site. The second is to look for a
clear, continuous observation of individuals or groups of people in a culture. It is the
most subtle and appropriate way to reflect each individual behavior, emotions from
those around them. Third, use native language to record one-on-one conversations
with each other with emotions and thoughts through note-taking.

Before concluding the essay on anthropologist Malinowski, we should learn the

theories and methodology of the methodology in his studies. The knowledge and
theories - the methods of anthropological research are very diverse, so we need to
filter out the methods that are appropriate for our field research. That is, we need to
understand the problem we are studying in order to apply the method appropriately
and accurately. We do not rely entirely on references to anthropologists' documents
and establish the rules for constructing our own concepts. Before starting the field
research work, it is necessary to focus on the process of trying to observe with the
eyes of the local people and penetrate the psychology with their way of thinking.
And an anthropologist should set up his own rules and practices to facilitate
integration in a given community. Building a method for learning to speak the local
language is also important. Because if we do not learn the local language, we will
completely fail to write a research report in the field. It is necessary to prepare some
of its own concepts for research and should refer to the previous documents of other
anthropologists. And we need to have a sense of right or wrong behavior in that
social culture to respect the community's laws, customs, and norms. We should put
ourselves in the position of the community, and accept the habits of local residents
to make valuable observations. In addition to every observation, we should create
trust in the community to make the report perfect.

Thus, each theory and method in anthropological research is always a test that helps
us to be firm when applying in recording and observing what happens in the field. If
each method is not only a valuable document, it is also valuable knowledge in your
field. Any method has its good or bad sides, so it is necessary to choose the method
that suits you best. Any method has its good or bad sides, so it is necessary to choose
the method that suits you best. And for every anthropologist, in addition to his
professional knowledge, he must know how to build many aspects such as: language
upon contact, knowing to put himself in the best observation position, the behavior
in the community, the theoretical viewpoint own,….

The main reference source:

Bronislaw Malinowski.1922. Argonauts of the Western Pacific. London: G.

Routledge & Sons; New York, E.P. Dutton & Co.

Bronislaw Malinowski.1929.The Sexual Life of Savages in north-western

Melanesia. USA: Duke University Libraries

Bronislaw Malinowski.1967. A Diary in The strict Sense of The Term. London:

University Press, Cambridge.

GEORGE PETER MURDOCK. 1943. American Anthropologist.USA: Yale

University New Haven, Connecticut.