Vacation Homework

Class 12
1. Which of them are atomic models?
i. Thomson’s plum pudding model
ii. Rutherford’s nuclear model
iii. Bohr’s model
iv. Summerfield’s model
a. i & ii b. i, ii & iii
c. ii, iii & iv d. All of these
2. The nucleus consists of
a. Neutrons b. protons
c. neutrons and protons d. electrons and neutrons
3. Nucleus is
a. positively charged b. negatively charged
c. neutral d. charge keeps on changing
4. Proton has the charge
a. 1637 times of an electron b. 1737 times of an electron
c. 1837 times of an electron d. 1937 times of an electron
5. Alpha (α) particles are helium (He) nucleus with a charge of
a. e b. 2e
c. 3e d. 4e
6. When two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, process is said to be
a. nuclear fission b. nuclear fusion
c. nuclear power d. nuclear transmutation
7. If a C-14 has a half life of 5730 years, then how long will it take for quantity of C-14 in a sample to drop to
1/8 of initial quantity?
a. 2.58 × 104 years b. 1.44 × 104 years
c. 1.72 × 104 years d. 2.58 × 104 years
8. In SI base units, 1 Bq is equal to
a. 10 disintegration per second b. 1.5 disintegration per second
c. disintegration per second d. 1 disintegration per second
9. A helium nucleus comprising of two protons and two neutrons with a charge of 2e is
a. beta particle b. gamma particle
c. alpha particle d. negative particle
10. Radiations present in atmosphere due to different radioactive substances are called
a. environmental radiations b. background radiations
c. positive radiations d. cosmic radiations
11. Isotopes have same number of protons but different number of
a. E neutrons b. shells
c. positrons d. elctrons
12. Number of protons inside nucleus represents
a. atomic mass b. atomic number
 c. atomic count d. radioactivity level
13. Radiation emitted from splits into
a. 2 components b. 4 components
c. 5 components d. 3 components
14. Nuclei with atomic number 1 to 82 are
a. stable b. unstable
c. moderately stable d. radioactive
15. During natural radioactivity unstable nucleus disintegrates to become more
a. stable b. unstable
c. excited d. unexcited
16. Elements whose atomic number is greater than 82 are naturally
a. unstable nuclei b. stable nuclei
c. positive nuclei d. negative nuclei
17. If a radioactive element has a half-life of 40 minutes. initial count rate was 1000 per minute, then how
long will it take for count rate to drop to 125 per minutes
a. 120 minutes b. 90 minutes
c. 30 minutes d. 60 minutes
18. Most of nuclei with atomic number 1 to 82 are
a. positive nuclei b. negative nuclei
c. unstable nuclei d. stable nuclei
19. Compound containing some amount of radioisotope is
a. tracer b. radioactive compound
c. non radioactive d. linear active compound
20. Number of protons and neutrons in nucleus is called
a. neutron number (N) b. atomic number (Z)
c. atomic mass number (A) d. electron number (E)
21. In alpha decay (α-decay) proton number of parent nuclide
a. increases by 2 b. increases by 1
c. decreases by 2 d. decreases by 4
22. What fraction of original sample will be after 22 years, if Cobalt-50 is a radioactive element with half-life
of 4.3 years?
a. 1/32 b. 1/16
c. 1/8 d. 1/4
23. In fission, mass of products is
a. less than original nucleus b. more than original nucleus
c. equal to original nucleus d. both B and C
24. Radiation which strongly interacts with matter due to its charge and has a short range as compared to
gamma radiations is
a. alpha radiation b. beta radiation
c. no radiation d. none of the above
25. Radiation which primarily consists of protons, electrons, alpha particles and large nuclei are called
a. environmental radiations b. background radiations
c. positive radiations d. cosmic radiations
26. A stream of high energy electrons is
a. alpha radiation b. gamma radiation
 c. both alpha and beta radiations d. beta radiation
27. Radium-226 has a half-life of
a. 1160 years b. 1340 years
c. 1580 years d. 1620 years
28. Radiations that can ionize matter are
a. alpha radiations b. gamma radiations
c. beta radiations d. all beta, alpha and gamma radiations
29. Nuclei which do not emit radiations naturally are called
a. unstable nuclei b. stable nuclei
c. positive nuclei d. negative nuclei
30. Chemical compounds to explore metabolism of chemical reactions inside human body, animals or plants
containing some quantity of radioisotopes are called
a. radioactive endoscope b. radioactive tracers
c. radioactive fusion d. radioactive atom
31. Intrinsic semiconductors are those
a. Which are made of semiconductor material in its purest form
b. Which have zero energy gap
c. Which have more electrons than holes
d. Which are available locally
32. Intrinsic semiconductor at room temperature will have, ................. available for conduction
a. Electrons b. Holes
c. Both electrons and holes d. None of the above
33. 0
A pure semiconductor behaves like an insulator at 0 K because
a. There is no recombination of electrons with holes
b. Drift velocity of free electrons is very small
c. Free electrons are not available for current conduction
d. Energy possessed by electrons at that low temperature is almost zero
34. A semiconductor in its purest form is called.......
a. Insulator b. Superconductor
c. Intrinsic semiconductor d. Extrinsic semiconductor
35. A P-type semiconductor results when
a. A pentavalent impurity is added to an intrinsic semiconductor
b. A trivalent impurity is added to an intrinsic semiconductor
c. Either a pentavalent or trivalent impurity is added to an intrinsic semiconductor
d. None of the above
36. An intrinsic semiconductor at absolute zero.........
a. Becomes extrinsic semiconductor b. Behaves like an insulator
c. Disintegrates into pieces d. Becomes superconductor
37. In semiconductor the forbidden energy gap lies
a. Just below the conduction band
b. Just above the conduction band
c. Either above or below the conduction band
d. Between the valence band and conduction band
38. Which of the following cannot exist outside a semiconductor
a. Hole b. Electron
c. Both (a) and (b) d. None of the above
39. In a N-type semiconductor, the positive of the Fermi level
a. Is at the centre of the energy gap b. Is lower than the centre of energy gap
c. Is higher than the centre of energy gap d. Can be anywhere depending upon the
doping concentration
40. The forward region of a semiconductor diode characteristic curve is where diode appears as
a. High resistance b. An ON switch
c. An OFF switch d. A capacitor
41. In a coil of resistance 100 Ω, a current is induced by changing the magnetic flux through it as shown in
the figure. The magnitude of change in flux through the coil is :

(a) 200 wb (b) 225 wb

(c) 250 wb (d) 275 wb
42. An electron beam is accelerated by a potential difference V to hit a metallic target to produce X-rays. It
produces continuous as well as characteristic X-rays. If λmin is the smallest possible wavelength of X-ray in
the spectrum, the variation of log λmin with log V is correctly represented
in :

(a) (b)

(c) (d)
43. A diverging lens with magnitude of focal length 25 cm is placed at a distance of15 cm from a converging
lens of magnitude of focal length 20 cm. A beam of parallel light falls on the diverging lens. The final
image formed is :
(a) Real and at a distance of 40 cm from convergent (b) Virtual and at a distance of 40 cm from
lens. convergent lens.
(c) Real and at a distance of 40 cm from the (d) Real and at a distance of 6 cm from the
divergent lens. convergent lens.
44. In a Young’s double slit experiment, slits are separated by 0.5 mm, and the screen is placed 150 cm
away. A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths, 650 nm and 520 nm, is used to obtain interference
fringes on the screen. The least distance from the common central maximum to the point where the bright
fringes due to both the wavelengths coincide is :
(a) 1.56mm (b) 7.8mm
(c) 9.75mm (d) 15.6mm
45. A particle A of mass m and initial velocity𝑣collides with a particle B of mass m/2 which is at rest. The
collision is head on, and elastic. The ratio of the de-Broglie wavelengths λA to λB after the collision is :
𝜆𝐴 1 𝜆𝐴 2
(a) = (b) =
𝜆𝐵 3 𝜆𝐵 1
𝜆𝐴 2 𝜆𝐴 1
(c) = (d) =
𝜆𝐵 3 𝜆𝐵 2
46. Which of the following statements is false?
 (a)Wheatstone bridge is the most sensitive when all (b) In a balanced Wheatstone bridge if the cell and
the four resistances are of the same order of the galvanometer are exchanged, the null point is
magnitude disturbed.
(c) A rheostat can be used as a potentiall divider. (d) Kirchhoff’s second law represents energy
conservation
47. 𝐴
The region between two concentric spheres of radii ‘a’ and ‘b’ respectively, has volume charge density ρ = ,
𝑟
where A is a constant and r is the distance from the centre. At the centre of the spheres is a point charge Q.
The value of A such that the electric field in the region between the spheres will be constant is

𝑄 𝑄
(a) (b)
2𝜋𝑎2 2𝜋(𝑏 2 −𝑎2 )
2𝑄 2𝑄
(c) (d)
𝜋(𝑎2 −𝑏2 ) 𝜋𝑎2
48. A combination of capacitors is set up as shown in figure. The magnitude of the electric field, due to a point
charge Q (having a charge equal to the sum of the charges on the 4µF and 9µF capacitors) at a point distant
30m from it, would equal:

(a) 240N/C (b) 360N/C

(c) 420N/C (d) 480N/C
49. An arc lamp requires a direct current of 10A at 80V to function. If it is connected to a 220V (rms), 50Hz AC
supply, the series inductor needed for it to work is close to:
(a) 80 H (b) 0.08 H
(c) 0.044 H (d) 0.065 H
50. Arrange the following electromagnetic radiations per quantum in the order of increasing energy
A: Blue light
B: Yellow light
C: X-ray
D: Radio wave
(a) D,B.A,C (b) A,B,D,C
(c) C,A,B,D (d) B,A,D,C
51. If the series limit frequency of the Lyman series is 𝜈L, then the series limit frequency of the P-fund series is :
(a) 25 𝜈 L (b) 16 𝜈 L
(c) 𝜈L/16 (d) 𝜈L/25
52. In a potentiometer experiment, it is found that no current passes through the galvanometer when the terminals of the
 cell are connected across 52 cm of the potentiometer wire. If the cell is shunted by a resistance of 5 Ω, a balance is
found when the cell is connected across 40 cm of the wire. Find the internal resistance of the cell.
(a) 1 Ω (b) 1.5 Ω
(c) 2 Ω (d) 2.5 Ω
53. On interchanging the resistances, the balance point of a meter bridge shifts to the left by 10 cm. The resistance of
their series combination is 1 kΩ. How much was the resistance on the left slot before interchanging the resistances ?
(a) 990 Ω (b) 505 Ω
(c) 550 Ω (d) 910 Ω
54. An observer is moving with half the speed of light towards a stationary microwave source emitting waves
at frequency 10 GHz. What is the frequency of the microwave measured by the observer?
(speed of light=3×108ms−1)
(a) 10.1 GHz (b) 12.1 GHz
(c) 17.3 GHz (d) 15.3 GHz
55. An electric dipole has a fixed dipole momentp ⃗ , which makes angle θ with respect to x-axis. When
𝐸1 =𝐸𝑖̂, it experiences atorque𝜏⃗⃗⃗1 =𝜏𝑘̂. When subjected toanother electric
subjected to an electric field ⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗2 =√2𝐸𝑗̂j it experiences a torque𝜏⃗⃗⃗1 =−𝜏⃗⃗⃗2 . The angle θ is :
field𝐸
(a) 300 (b) 450
(c) 600 (d) 900
56. A capacitance of 2 µF is required in an electrical circuit across a potential difference of 1.0 kV. A large
number of1 µF capacitors are available which can withstand a potential difference of not more than 300
V. The minimum number of capacitors required to achieve this is :
(a) 2 (b) 16
(c) 24 (d) 32
57. In the given circuit diagram when the current reaches steady state in the circuit, the charge on the
capacitor of capacitance C will be :

𝑟1
(a) CE (b) CE
(𝑟2 +𝑟)
𝑟2 𝑟1
(c) CE (d) CE
(𝑟2 +𝑟) (𝑟1 +𝑟)
58.

In the above circuit the current in each resistance is :

(a) 1A (b) 0.25A
(c) 0.5A (d) 0A
59. A magnetic needle of magnetic moment6.7×10-2Am2and moment of inertia7.5×10−6kg m2is performing
simple harmonic oscillations in a magnetic field of 0.01 T. Time taken for 10 complete oscillations is :
(a) 6.65 s (b) 8.89 s
(c)6.98 s (d) 8.76 s
60. When a current of 5 mA is passed through a galvanometer having a coil of resistance 15 Ω, it shows full
 scale deflection. The value of the resistance to be put in series with the galvanometer to convert it into a
voltmeter of range 0−10 V is :
(a) 1.985×103Ω (b) 2.045×103Ω
(c) 2.535×103Ω (d) 4.005×103Ω
61. The dipole moment of a circular loop carrying a current I, is m and the magnetic field at the centre of the loop is B1.
When the dipole moment is doubled by keeping the current constant, the magnetic field at the centre of the loop is
B2. The ratio B1 / B2 is:
(a) 2 (b) √3
(c) √2 (d) 1/√2
62. 𝑍
An EM wave from air enters a medium. The electric fields are𝐸⃗1 = 𝐸01 𝑥̂cos [2𝜋𝜈 ( − 𝑡)]in air and
𝐶
𝐸⃗2 = 𝐸02 𝑥̂cos[𝑘(2𝑧 − 𝑐𝑡)]in medium, where the wave number k and frequency ν refer to their values in air. The
medium is non-magnetic. If𝜖𝑟1 and 𝜖𝑟2 refer to relative permittivity’s of air and medium respectively, which of the
following options is correct?
𝜖𝑟1 𝜖𝑟1
(a) =4 (b) =2
𝜖𝑟2 𝜖𝑟2
𝜖𝑟1 1 𝜖𝑟1 1
(c) = (d) =
𝜖𝑟2 4 𝜖𝑟2 2
1
63. For an RLC circuit driven with voltage of amplitude vm and frequency ωo = 𝐿𝐶the current exhibits resonance. The
√
quality factor, Q is given by :
ω0 𝐿 ω0 𝑅
(a) (b)
𝑅 𝐿
𝑅 𝐶𝑅
(c) (d)
ω0 𝐶 ω0
64. Unpolarized light of intensity I pass through an ideal polarizer A. Another identical polarizer B is placed behind A.
The intensity of light beyond B is found to be I/2. Now another identical polarizer C is placed between A and B. The
intensity beyond B is now found to be I/8. The angle between polarizer A and C is :
(a) 00 (b) 300
(c) 450 (d) 600
65. The angular width of the central maximum in a single slit diffraction pattern is 600. The width of the slit is 1 μm.
The slit is illuminated by monochromatic plane waves. If another slit of same width is made near it, Young’s fringes
can be observed on a screen placed at a distance 50 cm from the slits. If the observed fringe width is 1 cm, what is
slit separation distance?(i.e. distance between the centres of each slit.)
(a) 25 μm (b) 50 μm
(c) 75μm (d) 100 μm
66. In an a.c. circuit, the instantaneous e.m.f. and current are given by e = 100 sin 30 t & I = 20 sin (30 t - 𝜋/4)
In one cycle of a.c., the average power consumed by the circuit and the wattles current are, respectively :
(a) 11.6 V and 11.7 V (b) 11.5 V and 11.6 V
(c) 11.4 V and 11.5 V (d) 11.7 V and 11.8 V
67. Two batteries with e.m.f. 12 V and 13 V are connected in parallel across a load resistor of 10 Ω. The internal
resistances of the two batteries are 1 Ω and 2 Ω respectively. The voltage across the load lies between :
(a) 11.6 V and 11.7 V (b) 11.5 V and 11.6 V
(c) 11.4 V and 11.5 V (d) 11.7 V and 11.8 V
68. An electron, a proton and an alpha particle having the same kinetic energy are moving in circular orbits of radii r e,
rp, rα respectively in a uniform magnetic field B. The relation between re, rp, rα is :
(a) re>rp = rα (b) re<rp = rα
(c) re<rp< rα (d) re< rα<rp
69. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance90 pF is connected to a battery of emf20 V. If a dielectric material of
dielectric constant k = 5/3is inserted between the plates, the magnitude of the induced charge will be :
 (a) 1.2nC (b) 0.3nC
(c) 2.4nC (d) 0.9nC
70. Three concentric metal shells A, B and C of respective radii a, b and c (a < b < c) have surface charge densities +σ,
−σ and +σ respectively. The potential of shell B is :
(a) (b)

(c) (d)

71. An applied electric-field causes the atoms or molecules in a dielectric to become

a. Small electric poles b. Small electric dipoles
c. Free charge carriers d. Bound charges
72. Work done in carrying 2 C charge in a circular path of radius 2 m around a charge of 10 C is
a. zero b. 6.67 J
c. 15 J d. 60 J
73. Increasing the charge on the plates of a capacitor means
a. increasing the capacitance b. increasing the potential difference between
the plates
c. both d. none
74. How much work would be done by the electric field if Q = 20 C were moved from A (8 V) to B (3.5 V)?
a. - 90J b. – 80 J
c. -70 J d. -60 J
75. A spherical balloon carries a charge that is uniformly distributed over its surface. How does the total
electric flux coming out of the surface change, if the balloon is blown up and increases in size?
a. It will also increase b. It will decrease
c. It will remain unchanged d. It will first increase then remain constant
76. For uniform electric field, field lines are:
a. Divergent b. Convergent
c. Convergent then divergent d. Parallel and equally spaced
77. What is the distance between two protons if the electrical repulsive force between them is equal to the
weight of either proton?
a. 1.119m b. 0.119m
c. 0.109m d. 0.019
78. What is the angle between the electric dipole moment and the electric field due to the dipole on its axial
line?
a. 00 b. 900
c. 1800 d. None of above
79. Electric field of a point charge extends up to r. So, 1/r ideally is
a. Two b. Infinity
c. zero d. one
80. Two point charges +4 μC and +6 μC repel each other with a force of 12 N. If each of them is given an
additional charge -5 μC, what will be the new force between them?
a. 2N b. 3N
c. 1N d. 5N
81. When conductors are placed in an electric field, their electrons move
a. Opposite to the applied field b. In a direction of the applied field
c. Randomly in all directions d. None of the above
82. The net flux through a cube of side 10 cm oriented so that its faces are parallel to the coordinate planes
 a. 100 NC-1m2 b. 10 NC-1m2
-2 -1 2
c. 10 NC m d. Zero
83. On which of the following factors does the electric field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane depend?
a. Thickness of the plane b. Distance from the plane
c. Surface charge density of the plane d. None of the above
84. A dipole is said to be in stable equilibrium when angle between electric field and dipole moment is
a. 1800 b. 900
c. 45 0 d. 00
85. Which of the following statement is true?
a. Electric field lines start from negative charge b. Electric field lines intersect with each other
c. Electric field lines for single positive charge d. Electric field lines do not form closed loops.
are radiated inwards.
86. The force between the nucleus in the hydrogen atom and the electron in the first orbit is F. What is the
force between the two when the electron is in its third orbit?
a. 81F b. F/9
c. F/81 d. 9F
87. If a body contains n1 electrons and n2 protons, the total amount of charge on the body is
a. (n2 x n1)e b. (n2 + n1) e
c. (n2 - n1)e d. (n2 /n1)e
88. Two glass rods rubbed with silk are placed close to each other. They will
a. Repel each other b. Attract each other
c. Neither repel nor attract d. Cannot predict without knowing the amount
of charge
89. A charged comb attracts pieces of paper. Why does this happen?
a. paper also gets charged. b. paper is polarized
c. paper has no charge. d. none of these
90. Two point charges QA = 2 μC and QB = -2 μC are located 16 cm apart in vacuum. What is the electric field
at the mid point O of the line AB joining the two charges?
a. E = 5.6 × 106 N/C along OA b. E = 6.5 × 106 N/C along OA
6
c. E = 6.5 × 10 N/C along OB d. E = 5.6 × 106 N/C along OB
91. Electric flux through a surface does not depend on
a. Angle of inclination between the field and b. Electric field
the normal to the surface
c. Surface area d. All of the above
92. The dimensional formula of µ0 is
a. [M-1 L-2 T4 A] b. [M L-3 T4 A]
c. [M-1 L-3 T4 A2] d. [M L-3 T4 A2]
93. According to the principle of conservation of charge:
a. Charges cannot be created but can be b. Charges can be created but cannot be
destroyed destroyed
c. The algebraic sum of charges in any closed d. The sum of charges in any system is
system is constant constant
94. Two identical metallic spheres, having unequal opposite charges are placed at a distance of 0.90 m apart.
After bringing them in contact with each other, they are again placed at the same distance apart. Now, the
force of repulsion between them is 0.025 N. Calculate the final charge on each of them.
a. 2.5 × 10 -8 C b. 1.5 × 10 -6 C
c. 1.5 × 10 -7 C d. 1.3 × 10 -6 C
95. What will be the nature of force between B and C if A and B repel each other while A and C attract each
 other?
a. Attractive b. Repulsive
c. Neutral d. Cannot predict as the data is insufficient
96. The quantization of charge has little practical consequence and can be ignored at the
a. microscopic level b. macroscopic level
c. all levels d. information given is insufficient to decide
97. The direction of force on a negative charge placed at any point in an electric field is given by
a. the direction of the electric field at that point b. a direction opposite to the electric field at
that point
c. perpendicular to the direction of the electric d. at an angle of 45 degrees with electric field
field at that point
98. The S.I. unit of electric field intensity is:
a. NC-1 b. NC
-1
c. N C d. None of the above
99. Charging a metal sphere by contact using a positively charged rod, followed by grounding can result in
________ charge in a metal sphere
a. negative b. Zero
c. positive or negative depending on which end d. positive
is grounded
100. An electric dipole placed in a non-uniform electric field experiences
a. both torque and net force b. only force but no torque
c. only torque but no force d. no torque and no force