Rambaud, Lexus Zander Y.

BSCE 1D

1. What is due process?

A course of legal proceedings according to rules and principles that have been

established in a system of jurisprudence for the enforcement and protection of

private rights. In each case, due process contemplates an exercise of the powers

of government as the law permits and sanctions, under recognized safeguards

for the protection of individual rights.

2. What is deprivation under Section 1 of the bill of rights?

-No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of

law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.

3. What is equal protection?

-The right of all persons to have the same access to the law and courts and to be

treated equally by the law and courts, both in procedures and in the substance of

the law. It is akin to the right to due process of law, but in particular applies to

equal treatment as an element of fundamental fairness.

4. Under the law, a law that is passed is not invalid because of simple inequality. What

then are the requirements of a valid classification?

 It must be based on substantial distinctions

 It must be germane to the purposes of the law

 It must not be limited to existing conditions only

 It must apply equally to all members of the class

5. What is classification?

-The action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or

characteristics.

6. What are the requisites of a valid warrant?

-It must be issued upon "probable cause", probable cause must be determined

personally by the judge, such judge must examine under oath or affirmation the

complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and the warrant must

particularly describe the place to be searched and the persons or things to be

seized.

7. What is probable cause?

-Generally refers to the requirement in criminal law that police have adequate

reason to arrest someone, conduct a search, or seize property relating to an

alleged crime.

8. Under Section 2 of the Bill of Rights, who determines probable cause?

-The judge will be the one who will determine the probable cause.

9. What are the warrantless searches and seizures allowed by law?

-Consent, Plain view, Search incident to arrest, Exigent Circumstances,

Automobile Exception, and Hot pursuit.

10. What is plain view doctrine?

-Is a concept in criminal law that allows a law enforcement officer to make a

search and seizure without obtaining a search warrant if evidence of criminal

activity or the product of a crime can be seen without entry or search.

11. What is privacy of communication and correspondence?

-Allows persons to correspond and communicate with each other without the State

having a right to pry into such correspondence and communication

12. What is freedom of speech and expression?

-It means the right to express one's own convictions and opinions freely by words

of mouth, writing, printing, pictures or any other mode. It thus includes

the expression of one's idea through any communicable medium or visible

representation, such as gesture, signs, and the like.

13. What is freedom of Religion?

-The right to choose what religion to follow and to worship without interference

14. What is Liberty of Abode?

-It means the freedom of person to have his home in any place chosen and to

change it at will, and go travel as he pleases without interference from any

source, except upon lawful order of the court or in interest of national security,

public safety or public health.

15. What is Right to Information?

-It empowers every citizen to seek any information from the Government, inspect

any Government documents and seek certified photocopies.

16. What is Right to Union?

-Employees have the right to unionize, to join together to advance their interests

as employees, and to refrain from such activity. It is unlawful for an employer to

interfere with, restrain, or coerce employees in the exercise of their rights.

Reference:

https://dictionary.law.com/Default.aspx?selected=642

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-

the-philippines/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines-article-iii/

http://philgovernment.blogspot.com/2009/12/right-to-privacy-of-communication-

and.html?m=1

http://newsguild.org/mediaguild3/newsguild-members-rights-in-the-workplace-page/