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  • Cek Monitoring Control Geotek

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    Aruull Poww
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    The document discusses types of slope failures in open pit mines, including plane, rotational, and toppling failures. It also discusses signs of slope instability, such as cracks, scarps, seepage, bulging, and creeping. Methods to reduce slope movement and increase stability are presented, including sealing cracks, drainage improvements, changing slope geometry, and adding reinforcement. Key terms in geotechnical engineering are defined, such as pit slope, overall slope, single slope, and safety factor. The importance of monitoring slope deformation to detect unstable conditions and protect workers, equipment, and production is highlighted. Typical monitoring instruments are shown.

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    The document discusses types of slope failures in open pit mines, including plane, rotational, and toppling failures. It also discusses signs of slope instability, such as cracks, scarps, seepage, bulging, and creeping. Methods to reduce slope movement and increase stability are presented, including sealing cracks, drainage improvements, changing slope geometry, and adding reinforcement. Key terms in geotechnical engineering are defined, such as pit slope, overall slope, single slope, and safety factor. The importance of monitoring slope deformation to detect unstable conditions and protect workers, equipment, and production is highlighted. Typical monitoring instruments are shown.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    52 visualizzazioni43 pagine

    Cek Monitoring Control Geotek

    Caricato da

    Aruull Poww
    The document discusses types of slope failures in open pit mines, including plane, rotational, and toppling failures. It also discusses signs of slope instability, such as cracks, scarps, seepage, bulging, and creeping. Methods to reduce slope movement and increase stability are presented, including sealing cracks, drainage improvements, changing slope geometry, and adding reinforcement. Key terms in geotechnical engineering are defined, such as pit slope, overall slope, single slope, and safety factor. The importance of monitoring slope deformation to detect unstable conditions and protect workers, equipment, and production is highlighted. Typical monitoring instruments are shown.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    di 43

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT.

    KPP 22022015
    Tipe Kelongsoran
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Tipe Kelongsoran (General)
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Tipe Kelongsoran (General)
    Tipe Kelongsoran Pada Tambang Terbuka
    A. Plane Failure

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    - One Plane and One Block

    - Plane and Tension Crack

    - Sliding Planes and Cross Joints

    - Two Sliding Planes

    - Sliding Plane with Several Blocks

    - Wedge Failure
    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    A. Plane Failure
    1. One Plane and One Block

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    A. Plane Failure
    2. Plane and Tension Crack

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    A. Plane Failure
    2. Plane and Tension Crack

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    A. Plane Failure
    3. Sliding Planes and Cross Joints

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    A. Plane Failure
    4. Two Sliding Planes

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    A. Plane Failure
    5. Sliding Plane with Several Blocks

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    6. Wedge Failure
    A. Plane Failure
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    6. Wedge Failure
    A. Plane Failure
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    B. Rotational Failure
    Particular Type of Failure and Illustrative Diagram :
    - Rotational

    - Rotational and Sliding Surface


    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    B. Rotational Failure
    1. Rotational
    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    B. Rotational Failure
    1. Rotational
    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    B. Rotational Failure
    1. Rotational and Sliding Surface

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    C. Toppling Failure
    Illustrative Diagram :
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    C. Toppling Failure
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    C. Toppling Failure
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Types of Rock Slope Failure

    C. Toppling Failure
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    kelongsoran lereng
    Tanda awal

    tambang
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Crack (rekahan)
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Scarps
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Adanya Rembesan Air Pada
    Lereng
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Rembesan air pada kaki lereng
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Pelendutan (Bulging)
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Rayapan (Creeping)
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Pencegahan
    Longsor
    Upaya mengurangi laju pergerakan lereng

    1. Menutup retakan pada atas tebing dengan

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    material impermeable (lempung).
    2. Memperbaiki tata air terutama untuk
    menangani adanya mata air/rembesan air
    pada lereng atau pada saat curah hujan
    yang tinggi pada waktu yang lama.
    Upaya menambah kestabilan lereng
    1. Perubahan geometri lereng
    2. Perkuatan lereng( butress / counter weight, rock

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    bolt )
    3. Pengurangan beban tekanan air tanah
    (Dewatering hole)
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Istilah dalam
    Geoteknik
    Pit Slope
    (lereng bukaan tambang)
    crest

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    Overall Slope

    Toe Single slope

     Lereng (slope) adalah bentuk permukaan bumi yang miring terhadap horizontal. Lereng
    bukaan tambang terdiri dari :
     Single slope, lereng tunggal yang terbentuk dari satu jenjang (bench) yang terdiri dari tinggi
    lereng (sama dengan tinggi bench), sudut lereng, kaki lereng (Toe), dan siku lereng (Crest).
     Inter-ramp slope, lereng yang terbentuk antar jalan tambang, dapat terbentuk dari
    beberapa jenjang (benches).
     Lereng keseluruhan (Overall Pit Slope), lereng yang terbentuk dari Crest teratas dan Toe
    terbawah, dengan tinggi total lereng sama dengan kedalaman bukaan tambang.
    Safety Factor

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


     Untuk menyatakan tingkat kemantapan suatu lereng
    dikenal apa yang disebut dengan Faktor Keamanan.
     FK merupakan perbandingan antara besarnya gaya
    penahan dengan gaya penggerak longsoran
     SF Overall slope > 1,5
     SF Single slope > 1,3
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    SF ( 1.3 – 1.5 ) > Overall slope
    Simple Slope


    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Slope Deformation
    Monitoring
    Slope STABILITY Monitoring

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


     Asumsi penyederhanaan terhadap desain tambang
    (pit slope), perlu dilakukan pemantauan terhadap
    kinerja dinding lereng bukaan tambang
     Alat/ sarana yang bertujuan untuk memahami
    perilaku massa batuan/ mendeteksi adanya kondisi
    lereng yang tidak stabil
     Sasaran utama
     Proteksi terhadap pekerja
     Peralatan
     Kelangsungan produksi
    MONITORING PERGERAKAN LERENG

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    MONITORING
    PERGERAKAN
    LERENG

    NO NO
    Medium
    Low Velocity ? Hi Velocity ?
    Velocity ?
    YES
    YES

    Inform critical
    Design & Increase visual inspection freq (critical hazard to related
    Rekomendasi
    area) dept.

    Analisa Stabilitas NO
    Lereng
    Need Emergency
    Redesign? &
    Remedial
    Preparedness &
    Work ? Response
    YES
    Typical displacement time behaviour for pit slope failure (Broadbent & Zavodni, 1981)

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    Instrumen Pemantauan Pergerakan Lereng

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    Slope Stability Radar
    Robotic Total Station

    Robotic Total Station Manual Extensometer


    Contoh Hasil Pengukuran Pergerakan Lereng Terhadap Waktu
    (Albert Cabrejo, GroundProbe, Australia, 2012)

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    Regressive

    Progressive
    linear
    Contoh Hasil Pengukuran Pergerakan Lereng Terhadap Waktu
    Pada Batuan Brittle (Albert Cabrejo, GroundProbe, Australia, 2012)

    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015


    Response Time
    digunakan untuk
    proses evakuasi
    pekerja serta alat
    Response Time
    kerja

    Progressive
    linear
    RESI YOGIE BASKORO – BASIC GEOTECHNIC DAY 2 – PT. KPP 22022015
    Sudahkah anda “aware”
    mengenai potensi longsor di
    lereng tambang anda??

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