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inggris
GERUND AND INFINITIVE

A. GERUND
a. Definition
-ing form used as a noun, berarti –ing form di sini bukan berbentuk continuous, akan
tetapi noun (kata benda).
Gerund can functions as:
1. Subject
E.g.
Climbing mountain is my annual activity.
2. Object
E.g.
I love climbing mountain.
3. Subject Complement
E.g.
My hobby is climbing mountain.
4. Object Complement
E.g.
I had seen Fiktor driving his car.
5. Object of Preposition
E.g.
I’m afraid of being left by you.

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 6. Object of Possessive
E.g.
I hate your bullying him.

CONTOH SOAL

1. Andy is interested in .... French.

A. learning
B. learn
C. learns
D. to learn
E. to learning
Pembahasan:
Jawaban A, karena setelah preposition (in) akan bertemu gerund (verb-ing).

b. Verb in Gerund
Selain enam fungsi gerund yang sudah disebutkan sebelumnya, gerund akan selalu
bertemu kata kerja (verb) tertentu, sebagai berikut:

Fancy Forgive Finish

Resist Continue Consider
Avoid Admit Appreciate
Anticipate Acknowledge Postpone
Prevent Enjoy Detest
Excuse Keep Mind

E.g.
I don’t mind leaving in a big city.
I continue learning abroad.
I consider taking new job.

B. INFINITIVE
a. Definition
To + Verbform used as a noun. And it can function as:

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 1. Subject
E.g.
To walk on the beach must be fun.
2. Object
E.g.
I love to climb mountain.
3. Subject Complement
E.g.
My hobby is to climb mountain.

CONTOH SOAL

1. Ady : “Would you mind .... me some money?”

Nia : “Of course, bro!”
A. lending
B. lend
C. not to lend
D. lends
E. to lend
Pembahasan:
Jawaban A, karena setelah mind bertemu gerund (verb-ing).

b. Verb in Infinitive
Verbs yang diikuti oleh to infinitive, antara lain:

Want Warn Would like

Hope Expect Learn
Mean Intend Invite
Forget Promise Permit
Urge Tell Teach
Ask Allow Beg
Advise Decide Instruct

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 E.g.
I decide to change my route.
I learn to be better than before.

CONTOH SOAL

1. The Man promises .... the baby.

A. leaving
B. not to leave
C. leave
D. leaves
E. to leaving
Pembahasan:
Jawaban B, karena “promise” adalah verb yang selalu bertemu to infinitive.

C. VERB WITH GERUND AND INFINITIVE

1. Verbs yang selalu diikuti gerund dan infinitive, namun tidak akan mengubah makna,
antara lain:
Begin, continue, hate, like, love, start, etc.
E.g.
I continue studying.
I continue to study.
2. Verbs yang selalu diikuti gerund dan infinitive, namun akan mengubah makna:
Forget, go on, mean, regret, used to/be used to, remember, stop, etc.
E.g.
• She stopped eating martabak. (berhenti memakan martabak)
She stopped to eat martabak. (berhenti melakukan kegiatan lain untuk
memakan martabak)
• He used to smoke. (he doesn’t smoke anymore)
He is used to smoking. (he still smokes)

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 CONTOH SOAL

1. Marimar is used to .... English.

A. learning
B. learn
C. learns
D. to learn
E. learned
Pembahasan:
Jawaban A, karena menggunakan be used to, maka setelahnya gerund.