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In this system simulation report task, the case study is taken in a small
medium industry of manufacturing in Padang. The industry produce various snack.
For this case study, the product that has been choosen to be observed is onion chip.
The observation is in the production process of making the chip. There are some
process in making the onion chip such as mixing, cutting, frying, cooling,
packaging, and labelling. This observation is expected to improve the existing
system in this industry.
The process is be started by cutting union and making ingredient and then the
ingredient are mixes by machine and then be cutting by manually into small pieces.
After that the ingredient be frying by one stove and then cooling off into cooling
down, in order to make staff became easier to packing and labelling procedures.
The improvement that conducted is adding the number of machine for mixing
process.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
The current development of era that increase rapidly makes technology also
more advanced and developed throughout the world. As well as the various existing
systems, everything are increasingly developed and have a high quality in order to
fulfilled the needs of society and the environment nowdays. So many systems have
been developed to make the work is easier for people in many ways. The system is
a collection of several elements that work together to achieve certain goals. We
have to know how the system works in the environment by doing simulations.
Simulation is an imitation of something real that is done by developing existing
models so that we can find out what kind of system is needed. A model is a picture
or representation that explains an object, system or concept.
There are so many systems that we could find in our daily life. One of those
example of a system is in the manufacturing industry. There is a system used in
producing a product. This system is used in order to facilitate the operator or worker
in doing their jobs. Workers must do the work in accordance with the existing
system so that work can be done effectively and efficiently. But we never know the
system is the best one or it need to be improved, so we can do the simulation in
order to know that the system is good or need to be improved.
In this system simulation report task, the case study is taken in a small
medium industry of manufacturing in Padang. The industry produce various snack.
For this case study, the product that has been choosen to be observed is onion chip.
The observation is in the production process of making the chip. There are some
process in making the onion chip such as mixing, cutting, frying, cooling,
packaging, and labelling. This observation is expected to improve the existing
system in this industry.
1.2 Problem Formulation
How the system can simplify or make the works more effective and efficient
than the existing system and how to determine the new system created is a better
system than the existing system.
1.3 Objectives
1.5 Assumptions
1. The datas that taken are representation of cycle production to make onion
chips
2. The unit production is 2 day working to make 100 unit
CHAPTER II
THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
Step 1 − Examine the problem. In this stage, we must understand the problem and
choose its classification accordingly, such as deterministic or stochastic.
Step 2 − Design a model. In this stage, we have to perform the following simple
tasks which help us design a model
Collect data as per the system behavior and future requirements.
Analyze the system features, its assumptions and necessary actions to be
taken to make the model successful.
Determine the variable names, functions, its units, relationships, and their
applications used in the model.
Solve the model using a suitable technique and verify the result using
verification methods. Next, validate the result.
Prepare a report which includes results, interpretations, conclusion, and
suggestions.
The system state variables are a set of data, required to define the internal process
within the system at a given point of time.
1. In a discrete-event model, the system state variables remain constant over
intervals of time and the values change at defined points called event times.
2. In continuous-event model, the system state variables are defined by
differential equation results whose value changes continuously over time.
The data was collected qualitatively by observing the work of workers from
beginning to end. The data was taken by measure the time of each work and each
work station.
The system designed is a simulation system for making onion chips produced
by WH8 cake yam. The simulation system designed is a system based on a series
of actual activities making onion chips products that are usually produced manually
by WH8 Bengkoang Padang. Data has been collected into 100 unit product of
production.
The system of making onion chips consist of 7 module or activities. The step
of the system making onion chips are; Preparing the ingredient, Mixing ingredient,
Cutting ingredient into small pieces, Frying dough, Colling down the chips and
Packing and Labelling the product onion chips. Every activities be done between
9AM until 6 PM.
The system works after the raw data collected, and then be analyzed into
processed data. Raw data consist of time process of each server’s activities. The
data be analyzed by the number of processing and queue time its take to gained the
processed data.
The process is be started by cutting union and making ingredient and then the
ingredient are mixes by machine and then be cutting by manually into small pieces.
After that the ingredient be frying by one stove and then cooling off into cooling
down, in order to make staff became easier to packing and labelling procedures.
4.2 Determining Probability Distribution
Each process activity has own different distribution, its based on data
processing of each
Activity Distribution
Mixing Beta
Cutting 1,2,3 Beta
Cutting 4 Triangular
Frying Beta
Colling Down Constant
Packing Weibull
Labeling Weibull
The development of the ARENA model can be seen by the image above, the
Arena Simulation model be made based on real time activity and time that be add
into distribution. Each activity consist of process, decision, assembly and
separation. Each activities have different distribution, the distribution be classified
by time data that have been measured. The diferention of distribution based on data
time processing each activities.
4.4 Model Verification
The model have been developed into real time and action by process making
onion chips. The model be developed by discussed with the system expert while
designing amd the model already interact the owner, staff, server throughout
process. The model also be excuse by sensitivity analysis, it provides the
information about sentivities parameter in system that we need to pay higher
attention. The cases we take already represent the real cast time and action of
making onion chips and related to mathematical modelling based on case,
The total time of the process making the onion chips are;
In this section, scenario can be made by insert the control and response. The
input of control is resource of the process. Then input the number of utilization as
the response of scenario that we will try. The scenarios can be seen on the table
below this paragraph.
Based on Table 5.1, machine, stove, package, and labelling are used as
controls, then each aspect utilization is response. On each scenarios, there are
different number of controls. The goal of these scenarios is to find the
improvements of the model based on utilization results. The figure below shows the
bar chart of utilization.
Based on Table 5.2, stove, packaging, and labelling have very small number
of queue. So, just the addition just on machine aspects. The number of mixing queue
is shown by the figure below this paragraph.
5.2 Discussion
6.1 Conclusions
6.2 Suggestions
Shannon, R.E., 1975. Systems Simulation – The Art and Science, Prentice-
Hall.
APPENDICES
Day 1
Activity
ServerBegin Process End
Preparing Making Ingredient 107:49:00 02:45:00 10:34:00
3:05:00
Ingredient Cutting Union 110:34:00 00:20:00 10:54:00
Onion Blending 110:54:00 00:01:00 10:55:00
Mixing
Setup Mixer 110:55:00 00:02:00 10:57:00 1:05:14
Ingredient
Mixing All Ingredient 110:57:00 01:02:14 11:59:14
Cutting Pieces 1 111:59:14 00:29:16 12:28:30
Cutting Pieces 2 211:59:14 00:31:47 12:31:01
Cutting Pieces 3 311:59:14 00:53:04 12:52:18
Cutting Pieces 4 411:59:14 00:58:23 12:57:37
Cutting Pieces 5 112:28:30 00:48:19 13:16:49
Cutting Pieces 6 212:31:01 00:57:51 13:28:52
Cutting Pieces 7 312:52:18 00:51:46 13:44:04
Cutting Pieces 8 412:57:37 00:52:14 13:49:51
Cutting Pieces 9 113:16:49 00:33:06 13:49:55
Cutting Pieces 10 213:28:52 00:22:29 13:51:21
Cutting
Cutting Pieces 11 313:44:04 00:10:43 13:54:47
into small 03:54:15
pieces Cutting Pieces 12 413:49:51 00:13:11 14:03:02
Cutting Pieces 13 113:49:55 00:20:23 14:10:18
Cutting Pieces 14 213:51:21 00:42:37 14:33:58
Cutting Pieces 15 313:54:47 00:41:21 14:36:08
Cutting Pieces 16 414:03:02 00:13:36 14:16:38
Cutting Pieces 17 114:10:18 00:40:24 14:50:42
Cutting Pieces 18 214:33:58 00:31:09 15:05:07
Cutting Pieces 19 314:36:08 00:31:15 15:07:23
Cutting Pieces 20 414:16:38 00:46:15 15:02:53
Cutting Pieces 21 114:50:42 00:10:41 15:01:23
Cutting Pieces 22 215:05:07 00:48:22 15:53:29
Heating oil 115:53:29 00:18:11 16:11:40
Frying dough (1) 116:11:40 00:11:00 16:22:40
Frying dough (2) 116:22:40 00:10:41 16:33:21
Carrying dough (1) 116:33:21 00:09:44 16:43:05
Frying Carrying dough (2) 116:43:05 00:01:04 16:44:09
03:35:34
Dough Frying dough (3) 116:44:09 00:06:03 16:50:12
Frying dough (4) 116:50:12 00:05:42 16:55:54
Carrying dough (3) 16:55:54 00:00:28 16:56:22
Carrying dough (4) 1 16:56:22 00:00:30 16:56:52
Frying dough (5) 1 16:56:52 00:06:30 17:03:22
Carrying dough (5) 1 17:03:22 00:00:42 17:04:04
Frying dough (6) 1 17:04:04 00:07:07 17:11:11
Carrying dough (6) 1 17:11:11 00:00:20 17:11:31
Frying dough (7) 1 17:11:31 00:04:56 17:16:27
Carrying dough (7) 1 17:16:27 00:01:10 17:17:37
Frying dough (8) 1 17:17:37 00:03:14 17:20:51
Carrying dough (8) 1 17:20:51 00:00:37 17:21:28
Frying dough (9) 1 17:21:28 00:06:55 17:28:23
Carrying dough (9) 1 17:28:23 00:00:49 17:29:12
Frying dough (10) 1 17:29:12 00:08:09 17:37:21
Carrying dough (10) 1 17:37:21 00:02:21 17:39:42
Frying dough (11) 1 17:39:42 00:05:07 17:44:49
Carrying dough (11) 1 17:44:49 00:00:40 17:45:29
Frying Dough (12) 1 17:45:29 00:10:08 17:55:37
Carrying Dough (12) 1 17:55:37 00:00:11 17:55:48
Frying Dough (13) 1 17:55:48 00:03:44 17:59:32
Carrying Dough (13) 1 17:59:32 00:01:30 18:01:02
Frying Dough (14) 1 18:01:02 00:06:44 18:07:46
Carrying Dough (14) 1 18:07:46 00:01:26 18:09:12
Frying Dough (15) 1 18:09:12 00:06:01 18:15:13
Carrying Dough (15) 1 18:15:13 00:01:32 18:16:45
Frying Dough (16) 1 18:16:45 00:05:26 18:22:11
Carrying Dough (16) 1 18:22:11 00:01:32 18:23:43
Frying Dough (17) 1 18:23:43 00:09:49 18:33:32
Carrying Dough (17) 1 18:33:32 00:01:22 18:34:54
Frying Dough (18) 1 18:34:54 00:04:39 18:39:33
Carrying Dough (18) 1 18:39:33 00:01:23 18:40:56
Frying Dough (18) 1 18:40:56 00:07:08 18:48:04
Carrying Dough (18) 1 18:48:04 00:01:22 18:49:26
Frying Dough (19) 1 18:49:26 00:07:05 18:56:31
Carrying Dough (19) 1 18:56:31 00:02:22 18:58:53
Frying Dough (20) 1 18:58:53 00:03:29 19:02:22
Carrying Dough (20) 1 19:02:22 00:02:33 19:04:55
Frying Dough (21) 1 19:04:55 00:11:43 19:16:38
Carrying Dough (21) 1 19:16:38 00:01:02 19:17:40
Frying Dough (22) 1 19:17:40 00:10:00 19:27:40
Carrying Dough (22) 1 19:27:40 00:01:23 19:29:03
Cooling
Down Cooling Down 1 19:29:03 13:20:00 08:49:03 13:20:00
Packing 00:36:02
Packing 1 1 08:49:03 00:00:43 08:49:46
Packing 2 1 08:49:46 00:00:37 08:50:23
Packing 3 1 08:50:23 00:00:30 08:50:53
Packing 4 1 08:50:53 00:00:46 08:51:39
Packing 5 1 08:51:39 00:00:41 08:52:20
Packing 6 1 08:52:20 00:00:45 08:53:05
Packing 7 1 08:53:05 00:00:36 08:53:41
Packing 8 1 08:53:41 00:01:30 08:55:11
Packing 9 1 08:55:11 00:00:51 08:56:02
Packing 10 1 08:56:02 00:00:41 08:56:43
Packing 11 1 08:56:43 00:00:37 08:57:20
Packing 12 1 08:57:20 00:00:37 08:57:57
Packing 13 1 08:57:57 00:00:34 08:58:31
Packing 14 1 08:58:31 00:00:40 08:59:11
Packing 15 1 08:59:11 00:00:33 08:59:44
Packing 16 1 08:59:44 00:00:38 09:00:22
Packing 17 1 09:00:22 00:00:35 09:00:57
Packing 18 1 09:00:57 00:00:35 09:01:32
Packing 19 1 09:01:32 00:00:35 09:02:07
Packing 20 1 09:02:07 00:00:38 09:02:45
Packing 21 1 09:02:45 00:00:30 09:03:15
Packing 22 1 09:03:15 00:00:44 09:03:59
Packing 23 1 09:03:59 00:00:48 09:04:47
Packing 24 1 09:04:47 00:00:34 09:05:21
Packing 25 1 09:05:21 00:00:38 09:05:59
Packing 26 1 09:05:59 00:00:39 09:06:38
Packing 27 1 09:06:38 00:00:54 09:07:32
Packing 28 1 09:07:32 00:00:53 09:08:25
Packing 29 1 09:08:25 00:00:43 09:09:08
Packing 30 1 09:09:08 00:00:53 09:10:01
Packing 31 1 09:10:01 00:00:57 09:10:58
Packing 32 1 09:10:58 00:00:40 09:11:38
Packing 33 1 09:11:38 00:00:42 09:12:20
Packing 34 1 09:12:20 00:00:38 09:12:58
Packing 35 1 09:12:58 00:00:30 09:13:28
Packing 36 1 09:13:28 00:00:42 09:14:10
Packing 37 1 09:14:10 00:00:43 09:14:53
Packing 38 1 09:14:53 00:00:33 09:15:26
Packing 39 1 09:15:26 00:00:35 09:16:01
Packing 40 1 09:16:01 00:00:57 09:16:58
Packing 41 1 09:16:58 00:00:58 09:17:56
Packing 42 1 09:17:56 00:00:58 09:18:54
Packing 43 1 09:18:54 00:00:35 09:19:29
Packing 44 1 09:19:29 00:00:45 09:20:14
Packing 45 1 09:20:14 00:00:48 09:21:02
Packing 46 1 09:21:02 00:00:49 09:21:51
Packing 47 1 09:21:51 00:01:00 09:22:51
Packing 48 1 09:22:51 00:00:32 09:23:23
Packing 49 1 09:23:23 00:00:42 09:24:05
Packing 50 1 09:24:05 00:01:00 09:25:05
Labeling 1 2 08:49:46 00:00:50 08:50:36
Labeling 2 2 08:50:23 00:01:09 08:51:32
Labeling 3 2 08:50:53 00:00:59 08:51:52
Labeling 4 2 08:51:39 00:01:18 08:52:57
Labeling 5 2 08:52:20 00:00:23 08:52:43
Labeling 6 2 08:53:05 00:00:49 08:53:54
Labeling 7 2 08:53:41 00:00:04 08:53:45
Labeling 8 2 08:55:11 00:00:46 08:55:57
Labeling 9 2 08:56:02 00:00:30 08:56:32
Labeling 10 2 08:56:43 00:00:36 08:57:19
Labeling 11 2 08:57:20 00:00:39 08:57:59
Labeling 12 2 08:57:57 00:00:40 08:58:37
Labeling 13 2 08:58:31 00:00:35 08:59:06
Labeling 14 2 08:59:11 00:00:26 08:59:37
Labeling 15 2 08:59:44 00:00:28 09:00:12
Labeling Labeling 16 2 09:00:22 00:00:41 09:01:03 00:35:45
Labeling 17 2 09:00:57 00:00:26 09:01:23
Labeling 18 2 09:01:32 00:00:44 09:02:16
Labeling 19 2 09:02:07 00:00:26 09:02:33
Labeling 20 2 09:02:45 00:00:34 09:03:19
Labeling 21 2 09:03:15 00:00:38 09:03:53
Labeling 22 2 09:03:59 00:00:35 09:04:34
Labeling 23 2 09:04:47 00:00:22 09:05:09
Labeling 24 2 09:05:21 00:00:30 09:05:51
Labeling 25 2 09:05:59 00:00:31 09:06:30
Labeling 26 2 09:06:38 00:00:41 09:07:19
Labeling 27 2 09:07:32 00:00:26 09:07:58
Labeling 28 2 09:08:25 00:00:44 09:09:09
Labeling 29 2 09:09:08 00:00:26 09:09:34
Labeling 30 2 09:10:01 00:00:34 09:10:35
Labeling 31 2 09:10:58 00:00:38 09:11:36
Labeling 32 2 09:11:38 00:00:35 09:12:13
Labeling 33 2 09:12:20 00:00:28 09:12:48
Labeling 34 2 09:12:58 00:00:41 09:13:39
Labeling 35 2 09:13:28 00:00:40 09:14:08
Labeling 36 2 09:14:10 00:00:35 09:14:45
Labeling 37 2 09:14:53 00:00:26 09:15:19
Labeling 38 2 09:15:26 00:00:28 09:15:54
Labeling 39 2 09:16:01 00:00:41 09:16:42
Labeling 40 2 09:16:58 00:00:04 09:17:02
Labeling 41 2 09:17:56 00:00:46 09:18:42
Labeling 42 2 09:18:54 00:00:30 09:19:24
Labeling 43 2 09:19:29 00:00:39 09:20:08
Labeling 44 2 09:20:14 00:00:40 09:20:54
Labeling 45 2 09:21:02 00:00:35 09:21:37
Labeling 46 2 09:21:51 00:00:26 09:22:17
Labeling 47 2 09:22:51 00:00:28 09:23:19
Labeling 48 2 09:23:23 00:00:26 09:23:49
Labeling 49 2 09:24:05 00:00:44 09:24:49
Labeling 50 2 09:25:05 00:00:26 09:25:31
Day 2
Activity
Server Begin Process End
Preparing Making Ingredient 1 08:49:03 02:54:00 11:43:03
3:14:00
Ingredient Cutting Union 1 11:43:03 00:20:00 12:03:03
Onion Blending 1 12:03:03 00:01:00 12:04:03
Mixing
Setup Mixer 1 12:04:03 00:02:00 12:06:03 1:32:14
Ingredient
Mixing All Ingredient 1 12:06:03 01:29:14 13:35:17
Cutting Pieces 23 1 13:35:17 00:14:47 13:50:04
Cutting Pieces 24 2 13:35:17 00:17:11 13:52:28
Cutting Pieces 25 3 13:35:17 00:22:23 13:57:40
Cutting Pieces 26 4 13:35:17 00:46:39 14:21:56
Cutting Pieces 27 1 13:50:04 00:46:29 14:36:33
Cutting Cutting Pieces 28 2 13:52:28 00:17:39 14:10:07
into small Cutting Pieces 29 3 13:57:40 00:53:39 14:51:19 03:45:06
pieces Cutting Pieces 30 4 14:21:56 00:41:25 15:03:21
Cutting Pieces 31 1 14:36:33 00:47:15 15:23:48
Cutting Pieces 32 2 14:10:07 00:25:16 14:35:23
Cutting Pieces 33 3 14:51:19 00:21:47 15:13:06
Cutting Pieces 34 4 15:03:21 00:55:04 15:58:25
Cutting Pieces 35 1 15:23:48 00:48:23 16:12:11
Cutting Pieces 36 2 14:35:23 00:58:19 15:33:42
Cutting Pieces 37 3 15:13:06 00:53:39 16:06:45
Cutting Pieces 38 4 15:58:25 00:41:25 16:39:50
Cutting Pieces 39 1 16:12:11 00:47:15 16:59:26
Cutting Pieces 40 2 15:33:42 00:58:19 16:32:01
Cutting Pieces 41 3 16:06:45 00:56:51 17:03:36
Cutting Pieces 42 4 16:39:50 00:55:42 17:35:32
Cutting Pieces 43 1 16:59:26 00:51:14 17:50:40
Cutting Pieces 44 2 16:32:01 00:48:22 17:20:23
Heating oil 1 15:13:06 00:14:11 15:27:17
Frying dough (23) 1 15:27:17 00:11:23 15:38:40
Frying dough (24) 1 15:38:40 00:17:41 15:56:21
Carrying dough (23) 1 15:56:21 00:09:44 16:06:05
Carrying dough (24) 1 16:06:05 00:01:04 16:07:09
Frying dough (25) 1 16:07:09 00:08:03 16:15:12
Frying dough (4) 1 16:15:12 00:09:42 16:24:54
Carrying dough (3) 16:24:54 00:00:58 16:25:52
Carrying dough (4) 1 16:25:52 00:00:12 16:26:04
Frying dough (5) 1 16:26:04 00:09:30 16:35:34
Carrying dough (5) 1 16:35:34 00:00:22 16:35:56
Frying dough (6) 1 16:35:56 00:09:07 16:45:03
Carrying dough (6) 1 16:45:03 00:00:40 16:45:43
Frying dough (7) 1 16:45:43 00:06:56 16:52:39
Carrying dough (7) 1 16:52:39 00:01:40 16:54:19
Frying Frying dough (8) 1 16:54:19 00:05:14 16:59:33
04:21:54
Dough Carrying dough (8) 1 16:59:33 00:00:57 17:00:30
Frying dough (9) 1 17:00:30 00:09:55 17:10:25
Carrying dough (9) 1 17:10:25 00:00:39 17:11:04
Frying dough (10) 1 17:11:04 00:09:09 17:20:13
Carrying dough (10) 1 17:20:13 00:03:21 17:23:34
Frying dough (11) 1 17:23:34 00:08:07 17:31:41
Carrying dough (11) 1 17:31:41 00:00:40 17:32:21
Frying Dough (12) 1 17:32:21 00:10:08 17:42:29
Carrying Dough (12) 1 17:42:29 00:00:23 17:42:52
Frying Dough (13) 1 17:42:52 00:04:44 17:47:36
Carrying Dough (13) 1 17:47:36 00:01:59 17:49:35
Frying Dough (14) 1 17:49:35 00:07:44 17:57:19
Carrying Dough (14) 1 17:57:19 00:01:26 17:58:45
Frying Dough (15) 1 17:58:45 00:06:01 18:04:46
Carrying Dough (15) 1 18:04:46 00:01:32 18:06:18
Frying Dough (16) 1 18:06:18 00:07:26 18:13:44
Carrying Dough (16) 1 18:13:44 00:01:32 18:15:16
Frying Dough (17) 1 18:15:16 00:07:49 18:23:05
Carrying Dough (17) 1 18:23:05 00:01:29 18:24:34
Frying Dough (18) 1 18:24:34 00:07:39 18:32:13
Carrying Dough (18) 1 18:32:13 00:01:28 18:33:41
Frying Dough (18) 1 18:33:41 00:07:08 18:40:49
Carrying Dough (18) 1 18:40:49 00:03:22 18:44:11
Frying Dough (19) 1 18:44:11 00:09:05 18:53:16
Carrying Dough (19) 1 18:53:16 00:02:27 18:55:43
Frying Dough (20) 1 18:55:43 00:07:29 19:03:12
Carrying Dough (20) 1 19:03:12 00:02:42 19:05:54
Frying Dough (21) 1 19:05:54 00:15:43 19:21:37
Carrying Dough (21) 1 19:21:37 00:01:14 19:22:51
Frying Dough (22) 1 19:22:51 00:10:14 19:33:05
Carrying Dough (22) 1 19:33:05 00:01:55 19:35:00
Cooling
Down Cooling Down 1 19:35:00 12:40:00 08:15:00 12:40:00