1.

Buchholz relays are used to protect ………………

 Electrical Bus Bar

 Electrical Transformer
 Electrical Motor
 Electrical Generator

Incorrect

2. 2. Question

1 points

In static relay which of the following is used to open/close the relay contacts?

 Resistor
 capacitor
 diode
 thyristor

Incorrect

3. 3. Question

1 points

Up to what power rating of Transformer Horn gap protection is applied?

 500 KVA
 1500 KVA
 2000 KVA
 1000 KVA

Incorrect

4. 4. Question

1 points

A differential relay acts on the principle of difference between which of the following electrical
quantities?
  voltage
 current
 impadance
 any one

Incorrect

5. 5. Question

1 points

Which of the following is used to suppress the reverse polarity voltage spike in an electrical
relay?

 transistor
 resistor
 FET
 MOSFET

Incorrect

6. 6. Question

1 points

Negative Phase sequence relay is used to protect ……. from phase to phase faults

 Electric Heater
 Transformer
 Bus bar
 Generator

Correct

7. 7. Question

1 points

A protective relay …………..

 detects the fault location

  interrupts the fault current
 separates the electrical circuit in case of fault
 operates same as electrical fuse

Correct

8. 8. Question

1 points

A de-spiking diode shall be connected in ………………… with the relay coil in electrical relay.

 Parallel
 series

Correct

Parallel

9. 9. Question

1 points

Distance relay operates on ………………….

 Magnitude of current
 Magnitude of voltage
 Magnitude of reactive power
 Ratio of voltage and current

Incorrect

1. Question 1. What Are The Common Types Of Generator Faults?

Answer :
The common types of faults occurring in synchronous generators are:
Stator winding faults (phase to phase faults, phase to earth faults, inter turn faults), Rotor
winding faults (conductor to earth faults, open circuit faults, inter turn faults), failure of prime
mover, failure of the field, unbalanced loading, over loading, over-voltage at generator
terminals, over-speed, ventilation failure, loss of excitation.
2. Question 2. For What Type Of Faults Does Differential Protection Is Provided?
 Answer :
Differential protection responds to the phasor difference between two or more electrical
quantities. It operates for the internal faults occur in generators or transformers. For external
faults differential protection does not operate.

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3. Question 3. What Is The Disadvantage Of Ordinary Differential Protection?
Answer :
When differential relaying is used for protection, the CTs at both sides of the generator
winding must be of equal accuracy. Otherwise if the CT errors are excessive it will cause the
mal-operation of the relay. To safeguard against such disadvantages percentage differential
protection is employed.
4. Question 4. Why It Not Necessary To Provide Over-voltage Protection In Turbo-
alternator?
Answer :
The over voltage occurs when the prime mover speed increases due to sudden loss of the load
on the generator and the speed control governors in case of turbo-generators are very sensitive
to the speed variations and therefore generator over voltage of significant duration or
magnitude does not generally occur. This is the reason why generators are not provided with
over voltage protection

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5. Question 5. Why It Is Necessary To Suppress Field Immediately After Disconnection Of
Faulty Alternator From The System?
Answer :
In the event of fault on the generator windings even though the generator circuit breaker is
tripped, the fault is continuous to fed as long as the excitation will exist because the emf is
induced in the generator. Hence it is necessary to suppress the field immediately after
disconnecting the faulty generator from the system

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6. Question 6. Why It Is Not Necessary To Provide Protection For Turn To Turn Fault In
Alternator?
Answer :
The coils of the modern alternators are single turn and therefore it is not necessary to provide
protection for turn to turn faults
7. Question 7. Why Large Alternator Is Grounded With Large Resistance?
Answer :
Large capacity of alternators are typically provided with resistance grounding. High value of
resistor is connected to the neural path to the ground. If the generator is delta connected, then
it is grounded with the help of zig-zag transformer or (Delta-Star) transformer such that a high
resistor is connected between the neutral point and the ground. Resistance grounding is
provided so as to limit the short circuit current flowing during earth fault to stator winding in
order to provide protection against mechanical stresses and melting of winding during Line to
 Ground short circuit. In large generators fault current is limited as low as 10 to 15 amperes
during short circuit.

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8. Question 8. What Is Advantage Of Using Percentage Differential Relay Protection?
Answer :
o It does not require CTs with air gaps or special balancing features
o It permits a low fault setting to be used and this ensures maximum protection of the
windings
o It ensures complete stability under the most severe through fault conditions
9. Question 9. Explain Differential Protection?
Answer :
Differential protection is generally provided for the equipment or group of equipments which
are to be protected against internal faults. They are the primary protection systems (operates
faster) for any internal faults occurring within the protection zone.
Under healthy conditions the currents at both ends of the windings will be equal. EMF
induced in the secondaries of the CATs will be equal and so no current flows through the
operating coil of the relay. When an earth fault or phase to phase fault occurs the condition no
longer holds good and the differential current flows through the relay operating coils makes
the relay to operate. Relay operates for the faults occurring within the zone of protection.

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10. Question 10. Why Over Current Protection Is Not Necessary For Modern Generators?
Answer :
Over Current protection is not considered necessary for modern alternators because these are
capable of withstanding a complete short circuit at their terminals for sufficient time without
much over heating and damage.
11. Question 11. Which Type Of Relays Are Used For The Merz-price Protection System
For Alternator?
Answer :
Merz-Price protection is differential protection provided for the alternator. The relays used in
the Merz-Price protection system of alternator are instantaneous electro-magnetic type
protection

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12. Question 12. What Type Of Protection Is Provided For The Generators Against Over
Heating Of The Generator Stator?
Answer :
Resistance temperature detector