PROYECTO DE HORMIGON PREESFORZADO

« CHURQUI CHAMBI FLORENCIO »

«Puente de H°A° sobre vigas Preesforzadas - Postensadas»

DATOS :
• Luz L= 22.13 [m]
• Ancho de calzada B= 7.40 [m]
• Dos vías de tráfico - acera b= 0.60 [m]

• Tensiones :

f'c = 250 [Kp/cm²]

H°A°
fy = 5000 [Kp/cm²]

f's = 18729 [Kp/cm²]

H°P°
f'c = 375 [Kp/cm²]

• Torones ø 1/2" : Asu = 0.987 [cm²]

• Vainas laton ø 2 7/8" ≈ 7,30 cm
• Tren tipo HS - 25
• Puente rural
• Normas :

H°A° ACI-318S -08

H°P° AASHTO 2003

• Barbacanas PVC Ø 4"

• Sistema de tesado: Gato Freyssinet

• Recubrimientos : Poste r= 2.5 [cm]

Acera r= 2.5 [cm]
Losa r= 2.5 [cm]
Vaina r= 3.0 [cm]
Peso Espec. γH°A° = 2400 [Kp/m³]

#Vigas = 4
1) Separación de vigas :

CL
P P P
0,60 m 1,80 m 1,20 m

a S S S a
fe fi
B

Donde : P = 1
a = distancia de la cara de la acera al eje de la vía
S = separación entre vigas
fe = factor de carga de la viga exterior
fi = factor de carga de la viga interior

𝑥 =𝐵/2−0,60−1,80−1,20

• Ʃ MM = 0 (Respecto al centro del puente)

𝑓�(𝑆+𝑆/2)+𝑓𝑖(𝑆/2)=𝑃(𝐵/2−0,60)+𝑃 (𝐵/2−2.4)+𝑃 (𝐵/2−3.6)

Si P = 1
De la norma tenemos: fi = 0,596*S H°P°
fi = 0,547*S H°A°

• Reemplazando valores :

1,5∗𝑓�∗𝑆+0,5∗(0,596∗𝑆)=(𝐵/2−0,60)+(𝐵/2−2.4)+ (𝐵/2−3.6) Ec.1

• de la geometría del puente se tiene :

𝐵=2∗𝑎+3 ∗𝑆 B= 7.40 [m]

Ec.2 𝐵/2=𝑎+1,5∗𝑆 a= 0.79 [m]

• de la Ec. 1 se tiene :

1,5∗𝑓�∗𝑆+0,298∗𝑆^2=𝐵/2−0,60+𝐵/2−2,40+𝐵/2 −3,60

1,5∗𝑓�∗𝑆+0,298∗𝑆^2=3/2∗𝐵 −6,6

1,5∗𝑓�∗𝑆=3/2∗𝐵 −6,6 − 0,298∗𝑆^2

𝑓_𝑓=((3/2∗𝐵 −0,298 ∗ 𝑆^2 −6,6 ))/(1,5∗𝑆) Ec.3

• de la distribución de cargas equivalentes entre vigas interiores y exteriores, tenemos :

𝑓�=𝑓𝑖

Donde : fi = 0,596 * S Ec.4

fi = 1.158
• Reemplazado Ec. 4 en Ec. 3 , se tiene :

0,596∗𝑆=(1,5 ∗𝐵 −0,298∗𝑆^2−6,6)/(1,5∗𝑆)

0,894 ∗ 𝑆^2+0,298∗𝑆^2=1,5∗𝐵−6,6

1,192∗𝑆^2=1,5∗𝐵−6,6

𝑆=
√(((1,5∗𝐵−6,6))/1,192)

S= 1.94 [m]

CL

a S S S a
0.79 [m] 1.94 [m] 1.94 [m] 1.94 [m] 0.79 [m]

tenemos S= 1.94 [m]

a= 0.79 [m]
2) Elección de la Viga BPR :

• Luz del puente : L= 22.13 [m]

• Altura de la viga BPR :

hBPR
BPR ≥𝐿/20
hBPR = 1.1065 [m]
hBPR = 110.65 [cm]

bt

5 tt
4 4 t't

Yt
b'
3 E.N.viga
h

Yb

2 2 t'b
1 tb

bb

DATOS: Viga BPR 8

h = 137.16 [cm] bb = 50.80 [cm]

bt = 48.26 [cm] tb = 16.51 [cm]
tt = 9.84 [cm] t'b = 17.78 [cm]
t't = 4.13 [cm] b' = 20.00 [cm]

NOTA : Para la selección de la viga BPR se introdujo el valor de h [cm], en

la tabla 1a. "SECCIONES BPR" del Anexo 2 - Secciones BPR
3) Diseño de la superestructura (estructura superior) :

0,08 m P1
0,32 m
P2
0,32 m
P3
0,0254 m
0,32 m

0,10 m
0,25 m

Tubo PVC Ø
para drenaje
0,15 m 0,15 m

0,20 m

donde : P1 = 15 [KN]
P2 = 15 [KN]
P3 = 15 [KN]

Dimensionamiento pasamanos, postes, acera, bordillo,

espesor de losa, losa interior , losa exterior y
diafragma.

NOTA : Las dimensones que se tienen en la estructura

superior, son valores standar.
① DISEÑO DE PASAMANOS

0,08 m P1 = 15 KN

0,32 m
P2 = 15 KN
Tubería
0,32 m P3= 15 KN galvanizada

0,32 m

0,10 m
<2m

0,15 m 0,15 m

Si 1 KN = 1000 [N] P = 15 [KN]

1N= 0.1019716 [Kp]
1" = 2.54 [cm]

• Elegimos tubería galvanizada de ø : 4 [pulg.]

10.16 [cm]

• Diámetro Exterior øext : 4.5 [pulg.]

11.43 [cm]

• Diámetro Interior øint : 4.18 [pulg.]

10.62 [cm]

• Separación postes : No debe exceder los 2 m L = 2 [m]

P = 1530 [Kp]

• Determinación de Momentos Máximos :

M=(P∗L)/4 M= 765 [Kp*m]

M= 76478.5 [Kp*cm]

• Determinación de esfuerzos en la tubería :

σ=M/w w=π/(4∗𝑅_��� )∗( 〖𝑅 _�𝑥� 〗 ^4−

〖𝑅 _𝑖𝑛� 〗 ^4)

w= 37.46 [cm³]
 σ= 2041.65 [Kp/cm²]

• Resistencia del tubo galvanizado : σt = 3515 [Kp/cm²]

�_𝑏=0,66∗�_� σb = 2320 [Kp/cm²]

Verificamos : �≤�_𝑏

2041.65 [Kp/cm²] ≤ 2320 [Kp/cm²] OK!!!

Utilizar tubería galvanizada de ø : 4 [pulg.]

② DISEÑO DE POSTE
0.15 [m]
0.20 [m]

P1 = 1530 [Kp] 0.08 [m]

A1 0.32 [m]
P2 = 1530 [Kp]
1.04 [m]
0.32 [m]
P3 = 1530 [Kp]
A2
0.32 [m]
0.10 [m] A3 0.20 [m]

0,15 [m] 0.15 [m]

Datos : γH°A° = 2400 [Kp/m³]

f'c = 250 [Kp/cm²]
fy = 5000 [Kp/cm²]
r= 2.5 [cm]

→ MOMENTOS

• Determinar peso "w"

Figura A1 Vol.1 = 0.0312 [m³]

w1 = 74.88 [Kp]

Figura A2 Vol.2 = 0.0156 [m³]

w2 = 37.44 [Kp]

Figura A3 Vol.3 = 0.0030 [m³]

w3 = 7.20 [Kp]

Area 1 : b= 0.15 [m] A1 = 0.156 [m²]

h= 1.04 [m]

Area 2 : b= 0.15 [m] A2 = 0.078 [m²]

h= 1.04 [m]

Area 3 : b= 0.15 [m] A3 = 0.015 [m²]

h= 0.10 [m]
• Determinar Momentos por carga muerta "Mg"

ƩMA = 0 X = brazo

X1 = 0.075 [m]
X2 = 0.200 [m]
X3 = 0.225 [m]

�_𝑖=𝑊_𝑖∗𝑋_
𝑖

Mw1 = 5.616 [Kp*m]

Mw2 = 7.488 [Kp*m]
Mw3 = 1.620 [Kp*m]

ƩM = Mg 14.724 [Kp*m]

• Determinar Momentos por carga viva "Mcv"

P1 = 1530 [Kp]
P2 = 1530 [Kp]
P3 = 1530 [Kp]

Y1 = 0.32 [m]
Y2 = 0.64 [m]
Y3 = 0.96 [m]

〖���〗 _𝑖=𝑃_𝑖∗𝑌_𝑖

M1cv = 1468.4 [Kp*m]

M2cv = 978.9 [Kp*m]
M3cv = 489.5 [Kp*m]

ƩM = Mcv 2936.8 [Kp*m]

Momento Ultimo �_𝑈=1,3∗(�_𝑔+1,67∗�_𝐶𝑉)

Mu = 6394.88 [Kp*m]
→ CALCULO DE LA ARMADURA

Datos : h= 30 [cm] f'c = 250 [Kp/cm²]

r= 2.5 [cm] fy = 5000 [Kp/cm²]
d= 27.5 [cm] b= 20 [cm]

• Acero mínimo :
〖��〗 _𝑚í𝑛=14/fy∗b
∗d

Asmin = 1.54 [cm²]

• Acero por flexión :

𝑎=(��∗𝑓𝑦)/
�_𝑈=∅{��∗𝑓𝑦∗(𝑑−𝑎/2)} ; (0,85∗𝑓^′ �∗𝑏)

Mu = 6394.88 [Kp*m]
Mu = 639487.842 [Kp*cm]

639667,08=0,90∗(��∗4200∗(27,5−𝑎/2) Ec.1

𝑎=(��∗4200)/ Ec.2
(0,85∗250∗20)

− Reemplazando Ec.2 en Ec. 1, tenemos :

As = 5.92 [cm²]

• Cuantía máxima :

δ_𝑚á𝑥=3/7∗0,85∗β_1∗(𝑓^′ β1 = 0.85
�)/𝑓𝑦 f'c ≤ 250 Kp/cm²

δmáx = 0.0155

�_𝑚á𝑥=δ_𝑚á𝑥∗𝑏∗𝑑

Amáx = 8.52 [cm²]

• Verificamos :
�_𝑚𝑖𝑛<��<�_𝑚á𝑥

1.54 < 5.92 < 8.52 Cumple

Entonces usamos As = 5.92 [cm²] 6 Ø 16

• Verificamos al corte :

𝑉�≤Ø∗𝑉𝑛

• Cortante último (Vu) :

𝑉�=1,3∗(𝑉_𝐶�+1,67∗𝑉_𝐶𝑉)

VCM = 0 [Kp]

VCV = 4589 [Kp]

− Reemplazando valores hallamos Vu

Vu = 9962.09 [Kp]

• Determinamos Vn :
Ø= 0.75 (Corte)
𝑉𝑛=𝑉�/Ø

Vn = 13282.79 [Kp]

• El concreto absorve :
𝑉�=0,55∗√(𝑓^′ �)∗𝑏∗𝑑

Vc = 4782.94 [Kp]

• Verificamos :
𝑉𝑛<𝑉�

13282.79 [Kp] < 4782.94 [Kp] Calcular estribos

• Determinamos :
𝑉�=𝑉𝑛−𝑉�

Vs = 8499.84 [Kp]

• Determinamos separación de estribos, para fierros de Ø [mm]

𝑆=(��∗𝑓𝑦∗𝑑)/𝑉� �_�=(𝜋/4∗∅^2 )∗2

Para Ø= 8 [mm]
Ø= 0.8 [cm]

Av = 1.01 [cm²]

S= 16.26 [cm]

• Determinamos separación máxima

𝑆_𝑚á𝑥=𝐷/2

Smáx = 14.00 [cm] Ø 8 c/14 cm

③ DISEÑO DE LA ACERA

300 [Kp/m]
415 [Kp/m²]

0,10 m
0,25 m
B
0,05 m
WA
t

0,20
0,40 m m

Datos : γH°A° = 2400 [Kp/m³]

f'c = 250 [Kp/cm²]
fy = 5000 [Kp/cm²]
r= 2.5 [cm]

→ MOMENTOS

• Determinamos Peso "WA"

𝑊_�=𝑏∗ℎ∗𝛾_(𝐻°�°
)

WA = 96.0 [Kp]

• Determinamos momentos por carga muerta "MCM" (ƩMB = 0)

Peso propio MWA = 19.2 [Kp*m]

Barandado Mb = 105.0 [Kp*m]

Momento total MCM = 124.2 [Kp*m]

• Determinamos momentos por carga viva "MCV" (ƩMB = 0)

Momento total MCV = 33.20 [Kp*m]

• Determinamos momento último �_𝑈=1,3∗(�_𝐶�+1,67∗�_𝐶𝑉

)

Mu = 233.54 [Kp*m]
Mu = 23353.72 [Kp*cm]
→ CALCULO DE LA ARMADURA

d= 7.5 [cm] b= 100 [cm]

• Acero mínimo :
Asmin=14/fy∗b∗d

Asmin = 2.10 [cm²]

• Acero máximo :
〖��〗 _𝑚á𝑥=3/7∗0,85∗β_1∗(𝑓^′
�)/𝑓𝑦∗𝑏∗𝑑

Amáx = 11.61 [cm²]

• Acero por flexión :

a=(As∗fy)/
Mu=∅{As∗fy∗(d−a/2)} ; (0,85∗f^′ c∗b)

Ø= 0.9 (Flexión)

19129,41=0,90∗(��∗4200∗(7,5−𝑎/2) Ec.1

𝑎=(��∗4200)/ Ec.2
(0,85∗250∗20)

− Reemplazando Ec.2 en Ec. 1, tenemos :

As = 0.70 [cm²]

• Verificamos :
�_𝑚𝑖𝑛<��<�_𝑚á𝑥

2.10 < 0.70 < 11.61 Usar acero mínimo

Asmin = 2.10 [cm²] Ø 8 c/23,5 cm

• Acero de distribución :
Lo = 0,60
〖��〗 _𝑑=(1,22/√(𝐿_𝑂 ))
≤0,67

Asd = 1.58 [cm²] Adoptar 0,67

Asdt = 1.41 [cm²] Ø 6 c/19,5 cm

④ ESPESOR DE LA LOSA
CL

a S S S a
0.79 [m] 1.94 [m] 1.94 [m] 1.94 [m] 0.79 [m]
7.41 [m]
B

donde : S= 1.94 [m]

a= 0.79 [m]

• Espesor de losa :

�=(𝑆+3000)/30
≥165 𝑚𝑚

t= 164.77 [mm]

164.77 [mm] ≥ 165 [mm] Adoptar 17.5 cm

Adoptamos t= 170.00 [mm]

t= 17.00 [cm]
⑤ DISEÑO DEL BORDILLO

300 [Kp/m]
415 [Kp/m²]

750 [Kp/m]
0,10 m 2
0,25 m
C
0,05 m 3
0,17 m

0,40 m 0,25 m

Datos : γH°A° = 2400 [Kp/m³] Ø= 0.75 (Corte)

f'c = 250 [Kp/cm²]
fy = 4500 [Kp/cm²]
r= 2 [cm]

→ MOMENTOS

• Determinamos momentos por carga muerta "MCM" (ƩMC = 0)

Barandado M1 = 165.0 [Kp*m]

Acera M2 = 38.4 [Kp*m]

Bordillo Wb = 244.5 [Kp]

Mb = M 3 24.5 [Kp*m]

Momento total MCM = 227.9 [Kp*m]

• Determinamos momentos por carga viva "MCV" (ƩMC = 0)

Momento total MCV = 256.10 [Kp*m]

• Determinamos momento por impacto :

�_𝐼=1,3∗�_𝐶𝑉

MI = 332.94 [Kp*m]
• Determinamos momento último �_𝑈=1,3∗(�_𝐶�+1,67∗�_(𝐶𝑉
+𝐼))

MU = 1575.01 [Kp*m]

→ CORTANTES

∅∗𝑉_𝑛≥𝑉_𝑈

∅∗𝑉_𝑛=∅∗𝑉_𝑆+∅∗𝑉_𝐶

∅∗𝑉_𝐶=∅∗0,53∗√(𝑓^′ �)∗𝑏∗𝑑

∅∗𝑉_𝑆=∅∗�_𝑆∗𝑓𝑦∗(𝑑/𝑆)

• Determinamos "ØVC" :

h= 0.45 [m] 45.0 [cm]

r= 2 [cm]
Øestr = 10 [mm] 1.0 [cm]
Ølong = 16 [mm] 1.6 [cm]

𝑑=ℎ−𝑟−∅_���𝑟−
(∅_𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔/2)

d= 41.20 [cm]

b= 20.00 [cm]

ØVC = 5178.86 [Kp]

• Determinamos "ØVS" :

Si S= 50 [cm] y �_𝑟=𝜋/4∗ 〖∅ ^2 〗 _��

�𝑟

Ar = 0.79 [cm²]

Av = 1.57 [cm²] (Dos ramas)

ØVS = 4368.38 [Kp]

• Determinamos cortante último �_𝑈=1,3∗(�_𝐶�+1,67∗�_(𝐶𝑉+𝐼)
)

− Cortante debido a carga muerta qCM = 654.0 [Kp/m]

− Cortante debido a carga viva qCV = 750.0 [Kp/m]

− Cortante debido a impacto qI = 225.0 [Kp/m]

qU = 2966.9 [Kp/m]

𝑉_𝑈=(�_𝑈∗𝐿)/2

VU = 2882.4 [Kp]

• Determinamos "ØVn" :

∅∗𝑉_𝑛= ∅∗𝑉_𝑆+∅∗𝑉_𝐶

ØVn = 9547.2 [Kp]

• Verificamos :

∅∗𝑉_𝑛≥𝑉_𝑈

9547.2 [Kp] ≥ 2882.4 [Kp] OK (No requiere estribos)

→ TORSION

− Verificación de la Torsión : Ø= 0.75

• Momento torsor mínimo

(∅∗𝑇_𝐶𝑟)/4= ∅∗0,27∗√(𝑓^′ �)∗( 〖�

^2 〗 _𝐶𝑃/𝑃_𝐶𝑃 )

ACP = 868.75 [cm²]

PCP = 107.62 [cm]

 (∅∗𝑇_𝐶𝑟) 22452.92 [Kp*cm]
/4=
• Momento torsor último

𝑇_𝑈=(2∗∅∗�_𝑂∗�_𝑓∗𝑓𝑦)/𝑆∗cot∅

�_𝑂=0,85∗�_𝑜ℎ

Aoh = 673.25 [cm²]

Ao = 572.26 [cm²]

Para Øestr = 10 [mm]

Øestr = 1 [cm]

�_𝑓=(𝜋∗∅^2
)/4
cot𝛼=cos𝛼/sin𝛼
=1
Af = 0.79 [cm²]

Si S= 50 [cm]
α= 45 [°]

TU = 60676.28 [Kp*cm]

• Verificamos :

𝑇_𝑈<(∅∗𝑇_�𝑟
)/4 "La torsión se desprecia"

𝑇_𝑈>(∅∗𝑇_�𝑟
)/4 "La torsión se considera"

60676.28 [Kp*cm] > 22452.92 [Kp*cm] Diseñamos a torsión

• Verificamos si la sección resiste :

√((𝑉_𝑈/(𝑏_𝑤∗𝑑))^2+((𝑇_𝑈∗𝑃_ℎ^ )/
(1,7∗ 〖� _𝑜ℎ 〗 ^2 ))^2 )≤∅(𝑉_𝐶/(𝑏_𝑤∗𝑑)+2/3∗√
( 〖𝑓′〗 _𝐶 ))

Aoh = 673.25 [cm²]

Ph = 114.64 [cm]
bw = 20.00 [cm]
d= 41.20 [cm]
TU = 60676.28 [Kp*cm]
VU = 2882.37 [Kp]
VC = 5178.86 [Kp]

√((𝑉_𝑈/(𝑏_𝑤∗𝑑))^2+
((𝑇_𝑈∗𝑃_ℎ^ )/ 9.681
(1,7∗ 〖� _𝑜ℎ 〗 ^2 ))^2 )

∅(𝑉_𝐶/(𝑏_𝑤∗𝑑) 12.619
+2/3∗√( 〖𝑓′〗 _𝐶 ))

• Verificamos 9.681 < 12.619 Sección adecuada

• Determinamos estribos a torsión :

�_�=(𝑇_𝑈∗𝑆)/
(2∗∅∗�_𝑂∗𝑓𝑦∗�𝑜�𝑔 ∅)

Ao = 572.26 [cm²]

Ø= 0.75
α= 45

0.0157 *S (una rama)

At =
0.0314 *S (dos ramas)
• Refuerzo mínimo :

0,2∗√(𝑓^′
�)∗(𝑏∗𝑆)/𝑓𝑦 0.0141 *S
Asmín

(3,5∗𝑏∗𝑆)/𝑓𝑦 0.0156 *S

0.0141 *S
Asmín 0.0156 < 0.0314 OK
0.0156 *S

• Determinamos estribos :

Si Øestr = 8 [mm]

At = 0.503 [cm²]

Separación 0,503=0,0314∗𝑆 S= 16.01 [cm]

S= 16.00 [cm]

• Separación máxima :
𝑃
_
ℎ 14.33 [cm]
Smáx ≤ / 14.33 [cm]
8
30 [cm]

Usamos S= 14.00 [cm]

• Acero longitudinal mínimo :

�_𝑙𝑚í𝑛=1,33∗√(𝑓^′
�)/𝑓𝑦∗�_𝐶𝑃

Almín = 4.06 [cm²]

• Acero longitudinal :
�_𝑙=�_�/𝑆∗𝑃_ℎ∗ 〖𝑓𝑦〗 _𝑆/ 〖𝑓𝑦〗
_𝑓 ∗ 〖�𝑜�𝑔〗 ^2∅

Al = 1.80 [cm²]
• Comparamos :
�_𝑙𝑚í𝑛<�_𝑙

4.06 [cm²] < 1.80 [cm²] Usamos Almín

Entonces usamos : At = 4.06 [cm²] 5 Ø 12

5 Ø 12 Ap = 5.65 [cm²]

5.65 [cm²] > 4.06 [cm²] OK

⑥ DISEÑO DE LOSA INTERIOR

Datos : γH°A° = 2400 [Kp/m³] γasf = 2200 [Kp/m³]

f'c = 250 [Kp/cm²] e= 1 [pulg.]
fy = 4500 [Kp/cm²] e= 2.54 [cm]
r= 2.5 [cm]
Øestr = 8 [mm]
Ølong = 16 [mm]
bt = 38.10 [cm]

donde : S= 2.00 [m]

S= 200 [cm]
t= 17.00 [cm]

𝑆_𝑂=𝑆−𝑏_�

So = 161.9 [cm]
So = 1.6190 [m]

→ ANALISIS DE CARGAS

• Carga muerta :

Peso propio �_𝑝𝑝=�∗𝛾_(𝐻°�°)

qpp = 408.00 [Kp/m²]

Carpeta de rodadura �_1"=𝛾_𝑎�𝑓∗�

 q1" = 55.88 [Kp/m²]
q1" = 56.00 [Kp/m²]

Carga Total �_𝑔=�_𝑝𝑝+�_1"

qg = 464.00 [Kp/m²]

→ MOMENTO POR CARGA MUERTA

�_𝑔=(�_𝑔∗ 〖𝑆 _𝑂 〗
^2)/8∗0,8

Donde : 0.80 Factor de continuidad de la losa

Mg = MCM 121.62 [Kp*m]

→ MOMENTO POR CARGA VIVA

�_�=(𝑆_𝑂+0,61/9,75)∗𝑃_𝑅∗1,2
5

Donde : 1.25 Factor de mayoración para camión tipo HS 25

𝑃_𝑅=𝑃_�
/2 Determinamos PR

Pe = 14500 [Kp]

PR = 7250 [Kp]

• Determinamos MV :

Mv = 2071.83 [Kp*m]

→ MOMENTO ULTIMO

�_𝑈=1,3∗(�_𝐶�+1,67∗�_𝐶𝑉
)

Donde :

�_𝐶𝑉=�_�+�_𝐼

MI Momento por impacto que disgrega el hormigón

• Determinamos momento por impacto :

�_𝐼=𝐼∗�_� 𝐼=(15/(𝑆_𝑂+38))≤0,30

I= 0.38

0.38 ≤ 0.30 Usar para impacto 0,30

MI = 621.55 [Kp*m]

• Determinamos MCV :

MCV = 2693.38 [Kp*m]

• Determinamos MU :

MU = 6005.43 [Kp*m]

→ REFUERZO DE ACERO

𝑑=ℎ−𝑟−∅_�−(∅_𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔/2)

d= 12.9 [cm]

b= 100 [cm]

Ø= 0.9 (Flexión)

��=(0,85∗𝑓^′ �∗𝑏)/𝑓𝑦∗(𝑑 −√(𝑑^2−(2∗�_𝑈)/

(∅∗0,85∗𝑓^′ �∗𝑏)))

As = 12.85 [cm²]
• Acero mínimo :

(0,8∗√(𝑓^′ 3.63
�)∗𝑏∗𝑑)/𝑓𝑦 [cm²]

Asmín ≥

14/𝑓𝑦∗𝑏∗
𝑑 4.01 [cm²]

• Determinamos acero máximo :

β1 = 0.85 para f'c ≤ 280 [Kp/cm²]

〖��〗 _𝑚á𝑥=3/7∗0,85∗β_1∗(𝑓^′
�)/𝑓𝑦∗𝑏∗𝑑

Asmáx = 22.19 [cm²]

• Verificamos :
�_𝑚𝑖𝑛<��<�_𝑚á𝑥

4.01 < 12.85 < 22.19 Cumple

As = 12.85 [cm²] Ø 16 c/16,5 cm

Ø 16 c/16,5 cm Ap = 12.18 [cm²]

→ ACERO POR TEMPERATURA

〖��〗 _�=0,0018∗𝑏∗�

Ast = 3.06 [cm²]

• Verificamos :
〖��〗 _𝑚𝑖𝑛<
〖��〗 _�

4.01 [cm²] < 3.06 [cm²] No cumple

Ast = 4.01 [cm²] Ø 10 c/18 cm

Ø 10 c/18 cm Ap = 4.39 [cm²]

→ ACERO DE DISTRIBUCION

𝐷=1,22/√(𝑆
〖��〗 _𝑑=𝐷∗�� _𝑂 )

• Determinamos D :

𝐷≤0,67

D= 0.96

0.96 < 0.67 Usar D máximo

Usamos D= 0.67

• Acero de distribución :

Asd = 8.61 [cm²]

• Verificamos :
〖��〗 _𝑚𝑖𝑛<
〖��〗 _𝑑

4.68 [cm²] < 8.61 [cm²] Cumple

Asd = 8.61 [cm²] Ø 12 c/14 cm

Ø 12 c/14 cm Ap = 8.07 [cm²]

⑦ DISEÑO DE LOSA EXTERIOR ( Losa en voladizo )

Datos : γH°A° = 2400 [Kp/m³]

f'c = 250 [Kp/cm²]
fy = 4500 [Kp/cm²]

Donde :
PR = Pe/2
Pe = 14500 [Kp]
bt = 38.10 [cm]
E= Ancho efectivo de aplicación de la rueda

• Determinamos "x" de la geometría :

𝑎=30+𝑥+(𝑏_�/2) despejando "x" tenemos 𝑥=𝑎−30−(𝑏_�/2)

x= 0.2995 [m]

• Determinamos ancho efectivo de aplicación de la rueda "E" :

�=0,8∗𝑥+1,14

E= 1.380 [m]
→ MOMENTO POR CARGA MUERTA

• Determinamos Peso "Pi" :

P1 = 84.0 [Kp]
P2 = 226.4 [Kp]
P3 = 10.4 [Kp]
P4 = 7.6 [Kp]
P5 = 223.9 [Kp]

• Determinamos cargas muertas (ƩMD = 0) :

Elemento Peso [Kp] Brazo [m] Momento [Kp*m]

P1 84.0 0.9737 81.79
P2 226.4 0.6864 155.40
P3 10.4 0.5614 5.82
P4 7.6 0.5656 4.31
P5 223.9 0.5487 122.84
Pb 300.0 1.0987 329.61
Σ= 699.76

Mg = MCM 699.76 [Kp*m]

→ MOMENTO POR CARGA VIVA

• Determinamos "PR" :
𝑃_𝑅=(𝑃_�/2)∗1,25

PR = 9062.5 [Kp]
• Determinamos momento por cargas vivas (ƩMD = 0) :

Camión tipo :

�_𝐻𝑆25=(𝑃_𝑅/�)∗𝑥

MHS25 = 1967.40 [Kp*m]

Carga q1 :

Mq1 = 232.19 [Kp*m]

Carga q2 :

Mq2 = 315.00 [Kp*m]

Carga Total "MCV" :

MCV = 2514.58 [Kp*m]

→ MOMENTO ULTIMO

�_𝑈=1,3∗(�_𝐶�+1,67∗�_(𝐶𝑉
+𝐼))

• Determinamos momento por impacto :

�_𝐼=𝐼∗�_𝐶𝑉 𝐼=(15/(L+38))≤0,30

I= 0.39

0.39 ≤ 0.30 Usar para impacto 0,30

MI = 754.37 [Kp*m]

• Determinamos "MU":

MU = 8006.60 [Kp*m]
→ REFUERZO DE ACERO

𝑑=�−𝑟−∅_�−(∅_𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔/2)

d= 12.9 [cm]

b= 100 [cm]

Ø= 0.9 (Flexión)

��=(0,85∗𝑓^′ �∗𝑏)/𝑓𝑦∗(𝑑 −√(𝑑^2−(2∗�_𝑈)/

(∅∗0,85∗𝑓^′ �∗𝑏)))

As = 17.98 [cm²]

• Acero mínimo :

〖��〗 _𝑚í𝑛=14/𝑓𝑦∗𝑏
∗𝑑

Asmín = 4.01 [cm²]

• Determinamos acero máximo :

β1 = 0.85 para f'c ≤ 280 [Kp/cm²]

〖��〗 _𝑚á𝑥=3/7∗0,85∗β_1∗(𝑓^′
�)/𝑓𝑦∗𝑏∗𝑑

Asmáx = 22.19 [cm²]

• Verificamos :
�_𝑚𝑖𝑛<��<�_𝑚á𝑥

4.01 < 17.98 < 22.19 Cumple

As = 17.98 [cm²] Ø 16 c/18 cm

Ø 16 c/18 cm Ap = 11.17 [cm²]

→ ACERO POR TEMPERATURA

〖��〗 _�=0,0018∗𝑏∗𝑑

Ast = 2.32 [cm²]

• Verificamos :
〖��〗 _𝑚𝑖𝑛<
〖��〗 _�

4.01 [cm²] < 2.32 [cm²] No cumple

Ast = 4.01 [cm²] Ø 10 c/18 cm

Ø 10 c/18 cm Ap = 4.39 [cm²]

→ ACERO DE DISTRIBUCION

〖��〗 _𝑑=𝐷∗�� 𝐷=1,22/√𝐿

• Determinamos D :

𝐷≤0,67

D= 1.65

1.65 < 0.67 Usar D máximo

Usamos D= 1.71

• Acero de distribución :

Asd = 30.74 [cm²]

• Verificamos :
〖��〗 _𝑚𝑖𝑛<
〖��〗 _𝑑

4.01 [cm²] < 30.74 [cm²] Cumple

Asd = 30.74 [cm²] Ø 12 c/15 cm

Ø 12 c/15 cm Ap = 7.53 [cm²]

⑧ DISEÑO DE DIAFRAGMA

• Base del diafragma "bd" :

bd = 8.00 [pulg.]
bd = 0.20 [m]

• Separación entre diafragmas :

𝑑=(𝐿−𝑏^′)/ Nd = 5
(𝑁_𝑑−1)

d= 5.48 [m]

• Determinamos la altura del diafragma :

ℎ_𝑑=2/3∗ℎ_�

hv = 137.16 [cm]

hd = 91.44 [cm]

• Diseñamos :
 �_𝑑=𝛾_(𝐻°�°)∗ℎ_𝑑∗𝑏_
𝑑

qd = 445.93 [m]

Entonces : Analizamos como una viga simplemente apoyada

qd = 445.93 [Kp/m]

A B C D

0,81 m 2,11 m 2,11 m 2,11 m 0,81 m

R1 R2 R3 R4

− ƩMA = 0

(561,55∗ 〖 7,14 〗 ^2/2)−(561,55∗ 〖 0,81 〗 ^2/2)−𝑅_2∗2.11−𝑅_3∗4.22−𝑅_4∗6.3

3=0

− 𝑅_2∗2−𝑅_3∗4−𝑅_4∗6=−14129.58 ①

− ƩMB = 0

(561,55∗ 〖 5,03 〗 ^2/2)−(561,55∗ 〖 2,92 〗 ^2/2)+𝑅_1∗2.11−𝑅_3∗2.11−𝑅_4∗4.2

2=0

𝑅_1∗2−𝑅_3∗2−𝑅_4∗4=−4709.86 ②

− ƩMC = 0

(561,55∗ 〖 2.92 〗 ^2/2)−(561,55∗ 〖 5.03 〗 ^2/2)+𝑅_1∗4.22+𝑅_2∗2.11−𝑅_4∗2.1

1=0

𝑅_1∗4+𝑅_2∗2−𝑅_4∗2=4709.86 ③

− ƩMD = 0

(561,55∗ 〖 0,81 〗 ^2/2)−(445,93∗ 〖 7.14 〗 ^2/2)+𝑅_1∗6.33+𝑅_2∗4.22+𝑅_3∗2.1

1=0

𝑅_1∗6+𝑅_2∗4+𝑅_3∗2=14129.58 ④
− Sistema de ecuaciones :

-2.11*R2 + -4.22*R3 + -6.33*R4 =-14129.58

2.11*R1 + + -2.11*R3 + -4.22*R4 = -4709.86
4.22*R1 + 2.11*R2 +-2.11*R4 = 4709.86
6.33*R1 + 4.22*R2 + 2.11*R3 =14129.58
R1 = 629.1137 [Kp]
R2 = 694.1937 [Kp]
R3 = 694.1937 [Kp]
R4 = 629.1137 [Kp]

→ DIAGRAMA DE CORTANTES

592.4 606.12
578.75 4
454.86

X X1
-454.86
-592.44 -578.75
-606.12

− Por semejanza de triángulos :

TRAMO 2

578.75/𝑋=606.12 X= 1.031 [m]

/(2.11−𝑋)

TRAMO 3

592.44/𝑋_1 X1 = 1.055 [m]

=592.44/(2.11−𝑋_1
)

• Cortante Máxima :

Vmáx = 606.12 [Kp]

→ DIAGRAMA DE MOMENTOS

213.0
9 213.09
184.2 184.2
2 2

− − − −

+ + +
86.92
104.24 104.24

MA⁻ = -184.2 [Kp*m]

MAB⁺ = 104.2 [Kp*m]
MB ⁻ = -213.1 [Kp*m]
MBC⁺ = 86.9 [Kp*m]
MC ⁻ = -213.1 [Kp*m]
MCD⁺ = 104.2 [Kp*m]
MD⁻ = -184.2 [Kp*m]

• Momento Máximo :

Positivo M⁺ = 104.2 [Kp*m]

Negativo M⁻ = -213.1 [Kp*m]

• Mayoramos los Momentos :

Positivo M⁺ = 135.5 [Kp*m]

Negativo M⁻ = -277.0 [Kp*m]

→ REFUERZO DE ACERO

𝑑=ℎ−𝑟−∅_�−(∅_𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔/2)

d= 86.90 [cm]
d= 87.00 [cm]

b= 20 [cm]

Ø= 0.9 (Flexión)
• Acero mínimo :

〖��〗 _𝑚í𝑛=14/𝑓𝑦∗𝑏
∗𝑑

Asmín = 5.41 [cm²]

• Determinamos acero máximo :

β1 = 0.85 para f'c ≤ 280 [Kp/cm²]

〖��〗 _𝑚á𝑥=3/7∗0,85∗β_1∗(𝑓^′
�)/𝑓𝑦∗𝑏∗𝑑

Asmáx = 29.93 [cm²]

• Determinamos refuerzo de acero :

��=(0,85∗𝑓^′ �∗𝑏)/𝑓𝑦∗(𝑑 −√(𝑑^2−(2∗�_𝑈)/

(∅∗0,85∗𝑓^′ �∗𝑏)))

NEGATIVO M⁻ = -213.1 [Kp*m]

As⁻ = 0.06 [cm²]

• Verificamos :

�_𝑚𝑖𝑛<��<�_𝑚á𝑥

5.41 < 0.06 < 29.93 Usar acero mínimo

As = 5.41 [cm²] 4 Ø 16

POSITIVO M⁺ = 104.2 [Kp*m]

As⁺ = 0.03 [cm²]

• Verificamos :
�_𝑚𝑖𝑛<��<�_𝑚á𝑥

5.41 < 0.03 < 29.93 Usar acero mínimo

As = 5.41 [cm²] 4 Ø 16
• Armadura de piel :

〖��〗 _𝑝=(100∗�_𝑆)/
(𝑏∗(2∗𝑑−ℎ_𝑑))≥0,05

Asp = 0.83 [cm²]

Usar 3 Ø 8 c/lado 21.50 22

Usar 3 Ø 8 c/28 cm

• Verificamos al corte : Ø= 0.75

Vmáx = 606.12 [Kp]

• Cortante Ultimo :
𝑉_𝑈=1,3∗𝑉_𝑚á𝑥

VU = 787.96 [Kp]

• Cortante que absorve el hormigón :

∅∗𝑉_𝐶=∅∗0,53∗√(𝑓^′ �)∗𝑏∗𝑑

øVC = 10935.95 [Kp]

• Verificamos :

Si 𝑉_𝑈<∅∗𝑉_𝐶 No requiere acero de refuerzo por corte

Si 𝑉_𝑈>∅∗𝑉_𝐶 Requiere acero de refuerzo por corte

787.96 [Kp] < 10935.95 [Kp]

No requiere acero de refuerzo por corte

Usar acero mínimo Ø6

• Separación :

𝑆=𝑑/2

S= 43.5 [cm]

43.5 [cm] < 30 [cm] Usar separación mínima

Usar separación mínima e Ø 6 c/ 30 cm

e Ø 6 c/ 30 cm
4 Ø 16
22 [cm]

86.00 [cm] 91.00 [cm]

22 [cm]
6Ø8
4 Ø 16

2.5 [cm]
20 [cm]
⑨ DISEÑO DE LA VIGA BPR 10

f'c = 375 [Kp/cm²]

f's = 18729 [Kp/cm²]
Torones Ø 1/2 [pulg.]
Au = 0.987 [cm²]
Vainas Ø 2 7/8 [pulg.]
b' = 20.0 [cm]

⑩ GEOMETRIA DE LA VIGA BPR 10 DE H⁰P⁰

bt = 48.26 [cm]

9.84 [cm] = tt A
C C
4.13 [cm] = t't

b2 b3
[cm
14.13 ] b' 14.13 [cm]

20.00 [cm]
h= 137.16 [cm]
B

15.40 [cm] 15.40 [cm]

b4 b5

17.78 [cm] = t'b D D

16.51 [cm] = tb E

bb = 50.80 [cm]
• Resumen de datos Viga BPR 10 :

h = 137.16 [cm] bb = 50.80 [cm]

bt = 48.26 [cm] tb = 16.51 [cm]
tt = 9.84 [cm] t'b = 17.78 [cm]
t't = 4.13 [cm] b' = 20.00 [cm]

• Determinamos "Ycg" :
𝑌_�𝑔=(Ʃ 〖𝑌�〗 _𝑖
∗�_𝑖)/(Ʃ�_𝑖 )

Elemento Yci [cm] Ai [cm²] Yci * Ai [cm³]

A 132.24 474.88 62797.92
B 71.92 2216.20 159378.02
C 125.94 58.36 7349.66
D 22.44 273.81 6143.43
E 8.26 838.71 6923.53
Ʃ 3861.96 242592.57

Ycg = 62.82 [cm]

• Determinamos "Yt" y "Yb" :

Yt

h= 137.16 [cm]

E.N.viga

Yb
 𝑌_𝑏=𝑌_�𝑔

𝑌_�=ℎ −𝑌_𝑏

Yt = 74.34 [cm]

• Determinamos módulos resistentes de la sección :

𝑊_�=𝐼/𝑌_� ; 𝑊_𝑏=𝐼/𝑌_𝑏

− Inercia :
Rectángulo Triángulo

𝐼_�𝑔=(𝑏∗ℎ^ 𝐼_�𝑔=(𝑏∗ℎ^
3)/12 3)/36

Elemento Y'ci [cm] Icgi [cm⁴] Y'²ci * Ai [cm⁴] Ii [cm⁴]

A 69.42 3831.70 2288767.79 2292599.49
B 9.10 2267700.07 183483.36 2451183.43
C 63.13 55.30 232555.79 232611.09
D 40.38 4808.87 446447.79 451256.67
E 54.56 19051.26 2496751.75 2515803.01
Ʃ= 7943453.68

h = 137.16 [cm] bb = 50.80 [cm]

bt = 48.26 [cm] tb = 16.51 [cm]
tt = 9.84 [cm] t'b = 17.78 [cm]
t't = 4.13 [cm] b' = 20.00 [cm]

Entonces Wt = 106847.27 [cm³]

Wb = 126455.91 [cm³]
• Resúmen de las características de la viga BPR :

h = 137.16 [cm]
A = 3861.96 [cm²]
I = 7943453.68 [cm⁴]
Yt = 74.34 [cm]
Yb = 62.82 [cm]
Wt = 106847.27 [cm³]
Wb = 126455.91 [cm³]
⑪ GEOMETRIA DE LA SECCION COMPUESTA

f'CL (Losa) bt = 48.26 [cm] t= 17.00

[cm]

Y't

E.N.S.C
h= 137.16 [cm]
E.N.viga

Y'b

f'CV (Viga)

bb = 50.80 [cm]

• Parámetros de la Sección Compuesta :

f'cLosa = 250 [Kp/cm²]

f'cViga = 375 [Kp/cm²]

• Determinamos el coeficiente de proporcionalidad de rendimiento :

ƞ=√( 〖𝑓 ^
′ 〗 _𝐶𝐿 )/√
( 〖𝑓′〗 _𝐶𝑉 )

ƞ= 0.8165
• Determinamos el ancho de la losa "b" :

L= 22.13 [m]
S= 1.94 [m]
t= 17.00 [cm]
bt = 48.26 [cm]

𝐿
/ 553.25 [cm]
4
b≤
12�+𝑏_� 252.26 [cm]

�
� 194.00 [cm]

b= 194.00 [cm]

• Ancho efectivo de losa "be" :

𝑏_�=ƞ∗𝑏

be = 158.40 [cm]

• Area efectiva "Ae" :

�_�=𝑏_�∗�

Ae = 2692.81 [cm²]

• Inercia efectiva "Ie" :

𝐼_�=(𝑏_�∗�^
3)/12

Ie = 64851.74 [cm⁴]

• Determinamos Y't y Y'b con el Teorema de Steiner "Isc" :

〖𝑌′〗 _(𝑏_�� )=ℎ+�−

〖𝑌′〗 _(�_�� ) ; 〖𝑌′〗 _(�_�� )
=(Ʃ�∗𝑌)/Ʃ�
 Area "A" Brazo "y"
Elemento A*y [cm³] A*y² [cm⁴] I° [cm⁴]
[cm²] [cm]
LOSA 2692.81 8.50 22888.85 194555.21 64851.74
VIGA 3861.96 91.34 352766.46 ### 7943453.68
Ʃ 6554.76 375655.31 ### 8008305.42

Entonces Y'tsc = 57.31 [cm]

Y'bsc = 96.85 [cm]

Inercia 𝐼_��=Ʃ𝐼°+Ʃ�𝑦^2−( 〖𝑌 ^′ 〗 _� )
^2∗(Ʃ�)

Isc = ### [cm⁴]

• Determinamos módulo resistente de la Sección Compuesta :

〖𝑊 〖𝑊
′〗 _�=𝐼_��/ ; ′〗 _𝑏=𝐼_��/
〖𝑌′〗 _� 〖𝑌′〗 _𝑏
W't = 329732.08 [cm³]
W'b = 195117.21 [cm³]

• Resumen de los datos :

L = 22.13 [m]
blosa = 194.00 [cm]
belosa = 158.40 [cm]
t = 17.00 [cm]
Ae = 2692.81 [cm²]
Y't = 57.31 [cm]
Y'b = 96.85 [cm]
W't = 329732.08 [cm³]
W'b = 195117.21 [cm³]
Isc = ### [cm⁴]
⑫ DETERMINACION DE MOMENTOS Y CORTANTES

L= 22.13 [m]
γH⁰A⁰ = 2400 [Kp/m³]

a) Peso propio

Carga �_𝑝𝑝=�_𝑉∗𝛾_(𝐻°
�°)

qpp = 926.87 [Kp/m]

Momento
�_𝑝𝑝=(�_𝑝𝑝∗𝐿^
2)/8

Mpp = 56740.26 [Kp*m]

Cortante
�_𝑝𝑝=(�_𝑝𝑝∗𝐿)/
2

Qpp = 10255.81 [Kp]

b) Losa húmeda

Carga
�_𝐿𝐻=𝑆∗�∗𝛾_(𝐻°�°)

qLH = 792.74 [Kp/m]

Momento
�_𝐿𝐻=(�_𝐿𝐻∗𝐿^
2)/8

MLH = 48529.50 [Kp*m]

Cortante
�_𝐿𝐻=(�_𝐿𝐻∗𝐿)
/2

QLH = 8771.71 [Kp]

 c) Debido al Diafragma

• del calculo de los diafragmas tenemos

qd = 445.93 [Kp/m]

R1 R2 R3 R4
0.81 m 2.11 m 2.11 m 2.11 m 0.81 m

De donde obtuvimos :

R 2 = R3 = 694.19 [Kp]
R 1 = R4 = 629.11 [Kp]

• Separación de los diafragmas 6<𝑆<10

𝑆=𝐿/ S= 5.533 [m]

4

R R R R R

R= 694.19 [Kp]

[m
5.533 [m] 5.533 [m 5.533 [m] 5.533 ]
RA ] RB

• Determinamos reacciones "RA"y "RB":

− ƩMA = 0

(694.1937*5.5325)+(694.1937*(7,86*2))+(694.1937*(7,86*3))+(694.1937*(5.5325*4))-(5.5325*4)*RB = 0
 RB = 1735.48 [Kp]

− ƩMB = 0

RA*(5.5325*4)-(694.1937*(5.5325*4))-(694.1937*(5.53*3))-(694.1937*(5.53*2))-(694.1937*5.5325) = 0

RA = 1735.48 [Kp]

• Verificamos ƩV = 0 ↑ +

ƩV = 0.00 = 0.00 No cumple verificación

→ CORTANTES

• Diagrama de cortantes

1041.29

347.10

-347.10

-1041.29
• Cortante Máximo :

Qd = 1041.29 [Kp]

→ MOMENTOS

• Diagrama de momentos (Método de las áreas)

7681.25

5760.94 5760.94
 M1 = 5760.94 [Kp*m]
M2 = 7681.25 [Kp*m]
M3 = 5760.94 [Kp*m]
M4 = 0.00 [Kp*m] CUMPLE

• Momento Máximo :

Md = 7681.25 [Kp*m]

d) Debido a la carpeta de rodadura

Carga �_1"=45∗𝑆 v �_1"=𝛾_𝑎�𝑓∗0,0254∗𝑆

q1" = 87.44 [Kp/m]

108.57 [Kp/m]
q1" = 108.57 [Kp/m]

Momento
�_1"=(�_1"∗𝐿^2
)/8

M1" = 6646.64 [Kp*m]

Cortante
�_1"=(�_1"∗𝐿)/2

Q1" = 1201.38 [Kp]

e) Debido a la superestructura

300 [kP/m]
415 [kP/m²]
qsup
750 [kP/m]
0,10 m
0,25 m

0,05 m
P1
0,17 m
P2

0,40 m 0,25 m
• Determinamos P1 y P2

P1 = 96.00 [Kp]
P2 = 244.38 [Kp]

Carga �_��𝑝=(Ʃ�_𝑉∗2)/#
_𝑉𝑖𝑔𝑎�

ƩQV = 878.84 [Kp/m]

#Vigas = 4

qsup = 439.42 [Kp/m]

Momento
�_��𝑝=(�_��𝑝∗𝐿
^2)/8

Msup = 26899.99 [Kp*m]

Cortante
�_��𝑝=(�_��𝑝∗𝐿
)/2

Qsup = 4862.18 [Kp]

f) Debido a la carga viva

El momento debido a la carga viva se obtiene por 3

métodos, de los cuales se elige el mayor valor.
1) Factor de Carga
2) Teorema de Barré
3) Carga equivalente
→ FACTOR DE CARGA :

Usamos la tabla del Anexo 1, para la carga HS20-16 y la longitud del puente

L= 22.13 [m]

Claro del Momento Reacción

puente flexionante Q⁰ [Kp]
L [m] M⁰ [Kp*m]
20.00 141700 28445
22.13 145108.00 28534.46
22.50 145700 28550

M⁰ = 145108.00 [Kp*m]
Q⁰ = 28534.46 [Kp]

Determinamos Momento y Cortante por carga viva para un patrón de carga HS-25

Momento
�_�=(�°)/2∗𝑓_𝑖∗1,25

fi = 1.158
1.25 Facto de mayoración para HS-25

MV = 105024.45 [Kp*m]

Cortante
�_�=(�°)/2∗𝑓_𝑖∗1,25

QV = 20652.31 [Kp]

→ TEOREMA DE BARRE :

CL
R
PR/4 PR PR
X1 4.3 [m] 4.3 [m] X2

i
X X

22.13 [m]
RA RB
 RA RB
• Determinamos "R" y "X"

− ƩV = 0 𝑅+𝑃/4+𝑃+𝑃=0 𝑅=−9/4∗𝑃 𝑅=9/4∗𝑃

− ƩMi = 0 𝑃∗(4,3)+𝑅∗(4,3+2∗𝑥)+𝑃∗(4,3∗2)=0

𝑃∗(4,3)−9/4∗(4,3∗𝑃)−9/4∗(𝑃∗2∗𝑥)+8,6∗𝑃=0

12,9∗𝑃=9/4∗𝑃(4,3+2∗𝑥)

x= 0.717 [m]

• Determinamos PR

𝑃_𝑅=𝑃/2∗1,25

PR = 9062.50 [Kp]

• Determinamos X1 y X2

X1 = 6.05 [m]
X2 = 7.48 [m]

• Determinamos RA y RB

− ƩMA = 0

𝑃_𝑅/4∗(10,71)+𝑃_𝑅∗(10,71+4,3)+𝑃_𝑅∗(10,71+(2∗4,3))−31,45∗𝑅_𝐵=0

RB = 1.198 *PR

− ƩMB = 0

−𝑃_𝑅∗(12,14)−𝑃_𝑅∗(12,14+4,3)−𝑃_𝑅/4∗(12,14+(2∗4,3))+31,45∗𝑅_�=0

RA = 1.052 *PR
→ MOMENTO

• Determinamos momento por carga viva

CL
R
PR/4 PR PR
6.05 [m] 4.3[m] 4.3 [m] 7.48 [m]

m
X X

22.13 [m]
RA RB
El momento máximo se da en el punto "m"

Mmáx = 88928.91 [Kp*m]

�_𝑉=�_𝑚á𝑥∗𝑓_𝐶

fc = Fracción de carga

𝑓_𝐶=(2(𝑎+𝑆)−3)/𝑆

fc = 1.2692

MV = 112866.02 [Kp*m]

→ CORTANTE (El máximo cortante se da en : )

CL

PR/4 PR PR
13.53 [m] 4.3 [m] 4.3 [m]

17.83 [m]

22.13 [m]
RA RB
 RA RB
Qmáx = 17749.27 [Kp]

�_𝑉=�_𝑚á𝑥∗𝑓_𝐶

QV = 22526.87 [Kp]

→ CARGA EQUIVALENTE :

CL
q
= 9.35 [KN/m]

80 [KN] = P 11.065 [m]

22.13 [m]

Donde:
𝑃=80𝐾𝑁∗1,25∗1000𝑁/1𝐾𝑁∗0,1019716𝐾𝑝/1𝑁

�=9,35
𝐾𝑁/𝑚∗1,25∗1000𝑁/1𝐾𝑁∗0,1019716𝐾𝑝/1𝑁

P= 10197.16 [Kp]
q= 1191.79 [Kp/m]

→ MOMENTO
�_𝑉=(�∗𝐿^2)/8+
(𝑃∗𝐿)/4

MV = 129373.92 [Kp*m]
→ CORTANTE
P CL
q

22.13 [m]

�_𝑉=(𝑃∗1)/1+
(�∗𝐿)/2

QV = 23384.35 [Kp]

→ RESUMEN DE MOMENTOS Y CORTANTES POR CARGA VIVA

Momentos 1) MV = 105024.45 [Kp*m]

2) MV = 112866.02 [Kp*m]
3) MV = 129373.92 [Kp*m]

Elegimos el mayor MV = 129373.92 [Kp*m]

Cortantes 1) QV = 20652.31 [Kp]

2) QV = 22526.87 [Kp]
3) QV = 23384.35 [Kp]

Elegimos el mayor QV = 23384.35 [Kp]

g) Debido al impacto

• Determinamos el impacto

𝐼=15/(𝐿+38)≤0,30

I= 0.249 ≤ 0.30 Cumple

Momento

�_𝐼=𝐼∗�_𝑉

MI = 32273.55 [Kp*m]

Cortante

�_𝐼=0,30∗�_𝑉

QI = 7015.31 [Kp]

→ RESUMEN DE MOMENTOS

MPP = 56740.26 [Kp*m]

MLH = 48529.50 [Kp*m]
Md = 7681.25 [Kp*m]
M1" = 6646.64 [Kp*m]
Msup = 26899.99 [Kp*m]
MV = 129373.92 [Kp*m]
MI = 32273.55 [Kp*m]

MPP = 5674026.05 [Kp*cm]

MLH = 4852949.86 [Kp*cm]
Md = 768125.33 [Kp*cm]
M1" = 664663.82 [Kp*cm]
Msup = 2689999.30 [Kp*cm]
MV = 12937391.84 [Kp*cm]
MI = 3227355.36 [Kp*cm]
→ RESUMEN DE MODULOS RESISTENTES

Wt = 106847.27 [cm³]
Wb = 126455.91 [cm³]
W't = 329732.08 [cm³]
W'b = 195117.21 [cm³]
A= 3861.96 [cm²]

→ DETERMINAMOS EXCENTRICIDAD

�=𝑌_𝑏−0,1∗ℎ

Yb = 62.816 [cm]
h= 137.16 [cm]

e= 49.10 [cm]
e= 49.00 [cm]
⑬ DETERMINACION DE LA FUERZA DE PREESFUERZO INICIAL "Po"

• En t = ∞ (infinito) Fibra inferior

〖𝑓�〗 _𝑏=𝑃_𝑜/�+(𝑃_𝑜∗�)/𝑊_𝑏 −�_𝑃𝑃/𝑊_𝑏 −�_𝐿𝐻/ 〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _𝑏 −�_𝑑/

〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _� −�_1"/ 〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _� −�_��𝑝/ 〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _� −�_𝑉/ 〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _�
−�_𝐼/ 〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _� ≥0

Donde : Po = Preesfuerzo Inicial

e= Excentricidad (e = Yb - 0,1h )
MPP = Momento debido al peso propio
MLH = Momento debido a la losa húmeda
Md = Momento debido al diafragma
M1" = Momento debido a la carpeta de rodadura (1")
Msup = Momento debido a la estructura superior
MV = Momento por carga viva
MI = Momento por impacto
A= Area de la viga
Wb = Módulo resistente de la viga
W'b = Módulo resistente de la sección compuesta

Datos : L= 22.13 [m]

S= 1.94 [m]
t= 17.00 [cm]
b' = 20.00 [cm]
fi = 1.16
a= 0.79 [m]
Av = 3861.96 [cm²]
γH⁰A⁰ = 2400.00 [Kp/cm³]

MPP = 5674026.05 [Kp*cm]

MLH = 4852949.86 [Kp*cm]
Md = 768125.33 [Kp*cm]
M1" = 664663.82 [Kp*cm]
Msup = 2689999.30 [Kp*cm]
MV = 12937391.84 [Kp*cm]
MI = 3227355.36 [Kp*cm]

Wt = 106847.27 [cm³]
Wb = 126455.91 [cm³]
W't = 329732.08 [cm³]
W'b = 195117.21 [cm³]
e= 49.00 [cm]
Resolviendo la Ecuación por partes, tenemos:

𝑃_𝑜
/�= 0.000258936 *Po

(𝑃_𝑜∗�) 0.000387487 *Po

/𝑊_𝑏 =

�_𝑃𝑃
/𝑊_𝑏 44.870
=

�_𝐿𝐻
/ 〖𝑊′〗 24.872
_𝑏 =
�_𝑑/
〖𝑊 3.937
′〗 _𝑏 =
�_1"/
〖𝑊 3.406
′〗 _𝑏 =

�_��𝑝
/ 〖𝑊′〗 13.787
_𝑏 =
�_𝑉/
〖𝑊 66.306
′〗 _𝑏 =
�_𝐼/
〖𝑊 16.541
′〗 _𝑏 =

0.000646423 *Po = 173.718

Po = 268736.89 [Kp]
→ AREA DE TORONES (As)

�_𝑆=𝑃_𝑜/
𝑓_𝑆

f's = 18729.00 [Kp/cm²]

Au = 0.987 [cm²]

Donde :
0,6*fsu Tensión de rotura
• fs
0,8*fsy Tensión de fluencia

• 〖𝑓�〗 _�= 〖𝑓 fsu = 18975.68 [Kp/cm²]

′〗 _�/�_�

• 〖𝑓�〗 _𝑦=0,9∗ 〖𝑓�〗 fsy = 17078.12 [Kp/cm²]

_�

0,6*fsu = 11385.41 [Kp/cm²]

fs
0,8*fsy = 13662.49 [Kp/cm²]

fs = 11385.41 [Kp/cm²]

• Area de torones :

AS = 23.604 [cm²]

• Número de torones :
#_�=�_𝑆/�
_�

#t = 23.915 [torones]
#t = 24 [torones]
• Número de vainas :
#_𝑉=#_�/1
2

#V = 2.000 [vainas]
#V = 2 [vainas]

• Area real de torones :

〖��〗 _𝑅=#_�∗�_�

AsR = 23.688 [cm²]

• Preesfuerzo real :
〖𝑃𝑜〗 _𝑅�𝑎𝑙= 〖��〗
_𝑅∗𝑓_�

PoReal = 269697.60 [Kp]

• Distribucion de torones :

Vaina N⁰ torones
Vaina I 7
Vaina II 12
Vaina III 12
Vaina IV 12
Total 43
⑭ VERIFICACION DE LAS TENSIONES ADMISIBLES

Datos :
• En t = 0 (Etapa inicial o de transición)

Po = 268736.89 [Kp]
Pf = 322484.27 [Kp]
A= 3861.96 [cm²]
e= 49.00 [cm]
Wt = 106847.27 [cm³]
Wb = 126455.91 [cm³]
MPP = 5674026.05 [Kp*m]
f'c = 375 [Kp/cm²]
f'ci = 300 [Kp/cm²]

→ Fibra superior :

〖𝑓�〗 _�=𝑃_𝑓/�−(𝑃_𝑓∗�)/𝑊_� +�_𝑃𝑃/𝑊_�

≥−0,79∗√( 〖𝑓′〗 _(𝐶_𝑖 ) )

-11.28 [Kp/cm²] ≥ -13.68 [Kp/cm²] OK! Verifica

→ Fibra inferior :

〖𝑓�〗 _𝑏=𝑃_𝑓/�+(𝑃_𝑓∗�)/𝑊_𝑏 −�_𝑃𝑃/𝑊_𝑏

≤0,55∗ 〖𝑓′〗 _(𝐶_𝑖 )

163.59 [Kp/cm²] ≤ 165 [Kp/cm²] OK! Verifica

⑮ TENSIONES DIFERIDAS

Cuando se hace la verificación en las fibras externas y falla o no cumple una

de las fibras o las dos, se aplica "Tensiones Diferidas" , para lo cual se
pueden dar 3 casos distintos :

〖𝑓�〗 _�>−0,79∗√( 〖𝑓 No cumple

′〗 _(𝐶_𝑖 ) )
CASO I
〖𝑓�〗 _𝑏<0,55∗ 〖𝑓 Cumple
′〗 _(𝐶_𝑖 )

〖𝑓�〗 _�>−0,79∗√( 〖𝑓 Cumple

′〗 _(𝐶_𝑖 ) )
CASO II
〖𝑓�〗 _𝑏<0,55∗ 〖𝑓 No cumple
′〗 _(𝐶_𝑖 )

〖𝑓�〗 _�>−0,79∗√( 〖𝑓 No cumple

′〗 _(𝐶_𝑖 ) )
CASO III
〖𝑓�〗 _𝑏<0,55∗ 〖𝑓 No cumple
′〗 _(𝐶_𝑖 )

Para nuestro caso, tenemos :

CASO II Demasiada compresión en el Hormigón

Datos : Po = 268736.89 [Kp]

Pf = 322484.27 [Kp]
A= 3861.96 [cm²]
e= 49.00 [cm]
Wt = 106847.27 [cm³]
Wb = 126455.91 [cm³]
MPP = 5674026.05 [Kp*cm]
f'c = 375 [Kp/cm²]
f'ci = 300 [Kp/cm²]
→ TENSIONES DIFERIDAS CASO II

• En t = 0 Determinamos P1 (Fibra inferior)

〖𝑓�〗 _𝑏=𝑃_1/�+(𝑃_1∗�)/𝑊_𝑏
−�_𝑃𝑃/𝑊_𝑏 =0,55∗ 〖𝑓′〗 _(𝐶_𝑖 )

P1 = 324662.94 [Kp]

• Determinamos As1 :
〖��〗 _1=𝑃_
1/𝑓_𝑆

donde : fs = 11385.41 [Kp/cm²]

As1 = 28.52 [cm²]

• Número de torones :
#_�= 〖��〗 _
1/�_�

#t = 28.89 [torones]
#t = 29.00 [torones]

• Verificamos si P1 es mayor o menor a Po :

P1 = 324662.94 [Kp]
Calcular nuevo preesfuerzo en t=int.
Po = 268736.89 [Kp]

Datos : MLH = 4852949.86 [Kp*cm]

Md = 768125.33 [Kp*cm]
W'b = 195117.21 [cm³]
W't = 329732.08 [cm³]
• Calculamos nuevo preesfuerzo "P2"

Si 𝑃_1>𝑃_𝑂 Calculamos nuevo preesfuerzo "P2" en (t=int.)

Fibra inferior ( t = int.)

**********

〖𝑓�〗 _𝑏=𝑃_1/�+(𝑃_1∗�)/𝑊_𝑏 −�_𝑃𝑃/𝑊_𝑏

−�_𝐿𝐻/ 〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _𝑏 −�_𝑑/ 〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _𝑏 >0

P2 = 113978.47 [Kp]

• Determinamos As2 :
〖��〗 _2=𝑃_
2/𝑓_𝑆

donde : fs = 11385.41 [Kp/cm²]

As2 = 10.01 [cm²]

• Número de torones :
#_�= 〖��〗 _
2/�_�

#t = 10.14 torones
#t = 10.00 torones

Fibra superior ( t = int.)

〖𝑓�〗 _�=𝑃_𝑓/�−(𝑃_𝑓∗�)/𝑊_� +�_𝑃𝑃/𝑊_� +�_𝐿𝐻/ 〖𝑊

^′ 〗 _� +�_𝑑/ 〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _� >−1,59∗√( 〖𝑓′〗 _𝐶 )

5.76 [Kp/cm²] > -30.79 [Kp/cm²] OK! Cumple

Tesamos los "10" torones que faltan. Si no cumpliera en una de

las fibras, verificar en t = ∞ para saber que número de torones se
tesaran al final.
• Ficha de tesado :

TESADO
Vaina
t=0 t = int. t=∞ TOTAL
Vaina I 2 4 0 6
Vaina II 12 0 0 12
Vaina III 12 0 0 12
Vaina IV 12 0 0 12
TOTAL 38 4 0 42
⑯ METODO DE LA TARJETA

Datos :

h= 137.16 [cm] Altura de la viga

Yt = 74.34 [cm]
Yb = 62.82 [cm]
Y't = 57.31 [cm]
Y'b = 96.85 [cm]
t= 17.00 [cm] Espesor de la losa
Po = 268736.89 [Kp] Preesfuerzo inicial
A= 3861.955 [cm²] Area de la viga
e= 49.00 [cm] Excentricidad
Wt = 106847.27 [cm³] Módulo resistente superior de la viga
Wb = 126455.91 [cm³] Módulo resistente inferior de la viga
W't = 329732.08 [cm³] Módulo resistente superior sección compuesta
W'b = 195117.21 [cm³] Módulo resistente inferior sección compuesta
MPP = 5674026.05 [Kp*cm] Momento debido al peso propio
MLH = 4852949.86 [Kp*cm] Momento debido a la losa húmeda
Md = 768125.33 [Kp*cm] Momento debido al diafragma
Msup = 2689999.30 [Kp*cm] Momento debido a la superestructura
M1" = 664663.82 [Kp*cm] Momento debido a la capa de rodadura
MV = ### [Kp*cm] Momento debido a la carga viva
MI = 3227355.36 [Kp*cm] Momento debido al impacto

• Fibra superior :

𝑃_𝑜
/� 69.59 [Kp/cm²]
=

(𝑃_𝑜∗�) 123.24 [Kp/cm²]

/𝑊_� =

�_𝑃𝑃
/𝑊_� 53.10 [Kp/cm²]
=
�_𝐿𝐻
/ 14.72 [Kp/cm²]
〖𝑊
′〗 _� =
�_𝑑/
〖𝑊 2.33 [Kp/cm²]
′〗 _� =
 �_1"/
〖𝑊 2.02 [Kp/cm²]
′〗 _� =
�_��𝑝
/ 〖𝑊′〗 8.16 [Kp/cm²]
_� =

�_𝑉/
〖𝑊 39.24 [Kp/cm²]
′〗 _� =
�_𝐼/
〖𝑊 9.79 [Kp/cm²]
′〗 _� =

• Fibra superior :

𝑃_𝑜
/�= 69.59 [Kp/cm²]

(𝑃_𝑜∗�) 104.13 [Kp/cm²]

/𝑊_𝑏 =

�_𝑃𝑃
/𝑊_𝑏 44.87 [Kp/cm²]
=

�_𝐿𝐻
/ 〖𝑊′〗 24.87 [Kp/cm²]
_𝑏 =
�_𝑑/
〖𝑊 3.94 [Kp/cm²]
′〗 _𝑏 =
�_1"/
〖𝑊 3.41 [Kp/cm²]
′〗 _𝑏 =

�_��𝑝/
〖𝑊′〗 _𝑏 13.79 [Kp/cm²]
=
�_𝑉/
〖𝑊 66.31 [Kp/cm²]
′〗 _𝑏 =
�_𝐼/
〖𝑊 16.54 [Kp/cm²]
′〗 _𝑏 =
⑰ VERIFICACION A LA ROTURA

�_(𝑈_𝑅 )
≥�_(𝑈_� )

Donde: MuR = Momento último resistente

MuA = Momento último actuante

• Determinamos momento último actuante :

�_(𝑈_� )
=1,3∗(�_𝐶�+1,67∗�_(𝐶𝑉+𝐼))

Donde: MCM = Momento por carga muerta

MCV = Momento por carga viva más impacto

• Determinamos "Mg" :

�_𝑔=�_𝑃𝑃+�_𝐿𝐻+�_𝑑+�_1"+�_��𝑝

Mg = 14649764.36 [Kp*cm]

• Determinamos "MCV" :

�_𝐶𝑉=�_�+�_𝐼

MCV = 16164747.20 [Kp*cm]

MU A = 54138359.84 [Kp*cm]

• Determinamos momento último resistente :

t a

a
 CASO I Cuando : 𝑎<� (Dentro de la losa)

�_(𝑈_𝑅 )= 〖��〗 _𝑅∗𝑓_(𝑆_� )

∗𝑑∗(1−0,6∗ρ∗𝑓_(𝑆_� )/ 〖𝑓′〗 _𝑆 )

CASO II Cuando : 𝑎>� (Fuera de la losa)

�_(𝑈_𝑅 )=∅∗[0,25∗ 〖𝑓 ^′ 〗 _(𝐶_𝑉 )∗𝑏^′∗𝑑^2+0,85∗ 〖𝑓 ^′ 〗 _(𝐶_𝑉 )∗(𝑏_𝑏−𝑏^′ )

∗�∗(𝑑−0,5∗�)]

• Determinamos la distancia de la linea de compresión "a" :

𝑎=1,4∗𝑑∗𝜌∗𝑓_(𝑆_� )/ 〖𝑓′〗
_𝐶

𝑑=𝑌_�+�+� d= 140.34 [cm]

𝜌=�_(𝑆_𝑅 )/ ρ= 0.00107
(𝑏_�∗𝑑)

𝐿
/ 553.25 [cm]
4

b 12∗�+𝑏_� 252.26 [cm]

𝑆 194.00 [cm]

�=√( 〖𝑓
′〗 _(𝐶_𝐿 ) )/√ η= 0.8165
( 〖𝑓′〗 _(𝐶_𝑉 ) )

𝑏_�=�∗𝑏 be = 158.40 [cm]

AsR = 23.69 [cm²]

 Ahora : 𝑓_(𝑆_� )= 〖𝑓′〗 _𝑆∗(1−0,5∗𝜌∗ 〖𝑓
′〗 _𝑆/ 〖𝑓′〗 _(𝐶_𝑉 ) )

fsu = 18230.64 [Kp/cm²]

Por lo tanto :

a= 10.178 [cm] CASO I

Datos : Ø= 0.9 (Flexión)

f'cv = 375 [Kp/cm²]
b' = 20.00 [cm]
d= 140.34 [cm]
Yb = 62.82 [cm]
t= 17.00 [cm]

MU R = 58723426.63 [Kp*cm]

58723426.63 [Kp*cm] > 54138359.84 [Kp*cm] OK! Verifica

⑱ MOMENTOS ESTATICOS DE TORONES

Donde :

VAINA I 〖��〗 _𝐼=#_(�_𝐼 ) AsI = 6.909

∗�_� [cm²]

VAINA II 〖��〗 _𝐼𝐼=#_(�_𝐼𝐼 AsII = 11.844

)∗�_� [cm²]

VAINA III 〖��〗 _𝐼𝐼𝐼=#_(�_𝐼 AsIII = 11.844

𝐼𝐼 )∗�_� [cm²]

VAINA IV 〖��〗 _𝐼𝑉=#_(�_𝐼 AsIV = 11.844

𝑉 )∗�_� [cm²]

→ EN EL APOYO
〖 Ʃ� 〗 _(�.𝑁.)=
0

〖��〗 _𝐼∗𝑦_1+ 〖��〗 _�𝐼∗�_2+ 〖��〗 _�𝐼𝐼∗�_3+ 〖��〗

_�𝑉∗�_4=0 1

• Por el gráfico sabemos que :

𝑦_2=𝑦_1−0,30 Λ 𝑦_3=𝑦_1−0,60 Λ 𝑦_4=𝑦_1−0,90

• Reemplazando y2 y y3 en ①, se tiene :

〖��〗 _𝐼∗𝑦_1+ 〖��〗 _�𝐼∗(�_1−30)+ 〖��〗 _�𝐼𝐼∗(�_1−60)+

〖��〗 _�𝑉∗(�_1−90)=0
• Reemplazando valores :

y1 = 50.23 [cm]
y2 = 20.23 [cm]
y3 = -9.77 [cm]
y4 = -39.77 [cm]

• Con respecto a la base :

tenemos Yb = 62.82 [cm]

y'1 = 113.05 [cm]

y'2 = 83.05 [cm]
y'3 = 53.05 [cm]
y'4 = 23.05 [cm]

→ EN EL CENTER LINE
〖 Ʃ� 〗 _(�.𝑁.)=�_𝐼= 〖�
�〗 _𝑅∗�

〖��〗 _𝑅∗�= 〖��〗 _𝐼∗𝑦_5+ 〖��〗 _�𝐼∗�_6+

〖��〗 _�𝐼𝐼∗�_7+ 〖��〗 _�𝑉∗�_8 2

• Por el gráfico sabemos que :

tenemos Øvaina = 7.30 [cm]

𝑦_6=𝑦_5+∅ 𝑦_6=𝑦_5+0,073

𝑦_7=𝑦_5+2∅ 𝑦_7=𝑦_5+0,146

𝑦_8=𝑦_5+3∅ 𝑦_8=𝑦_5+0,219

• Reemplazando y5 y y6 en ②, se tiene :

〖��〗 _𝑅∗�= 〖��〗 _𝐼∗𝑦_5+ 〖��〗 _�𝐼∗(�_5+7.3)+ 〖��〗 _�𝐼𝐼∗(�_5+14,6)+

〖��〗 _�𝑉∗(�_5+21,9)

Datos : e= 49.00 [cm]

AsR = 23.69 [cm²]
• Reemplazando valores :

y5 = 15.13 [cm]
y6 = 22.43 [cm]
y7 = 29.73 [cm]
y8 = 37.03 [cm]

• Con respecto a la base :

tenemos Yb = 62.82 [cm]

y'5 = 47.69 [cm]

y'6 = 40.39 [cm]
y'7 = 33.09 [cm]
y'8 = 25.79 [cm]

• Verificamos que :
〖𝑦
′〗 _8≥𝑟_𝑚í𝑛+∅/2

donde : rmín = 3.00 [cm]

Øvaina = 7.30 [cm]

25.79 [cm] ≥ 6.65 [cm] OK! Verifica

→ POSICION DE LAS VAINAS

• En el apoyo :

y'1 = 113.05 [cm]

y'2 = 83.05 [cm]
y'3 = 53.05 [cm]
y'4 = 23.05 [cm]

• En el center line :

y'5 = 47.69 [cm]

y'6 = 40.39 [cm]
y'7 = 33.09 [cm]
y'8 = 25.79 [cm]
⑲ CALCULO DE PERDIDAS

Datos :
ES = 2100000.00 [Kp/cm²]
EC = 308160.00 [Kp/cm²]
γH°A° = 2400.00 [Kp/m³]
f'cv = 375.00 [Kp/cm²]

• Factor de proporcionalidad :

�=�_𝑆/�_𝐶

η= 6.815

a) Pérdida por contracción elástica del concreto

%
〖∆𝑓〗 _�=(∆𝑓_�∗100)/𝑃_𝑜

donde :
∆𝑓_�=(�∗𝑃_𝑜∗ 〖��〗 _𝑅)/
(�_𝐶+(�∗ 〖��〗 _𝑅))

Po = 268736.89 [Kp]
Ac = 3861.96 [cm²]
AsR = 23.69 [cm²]

• Determinamos Δfe :

Δfe = 10782.21 [Kp/cm²]

• Determinamos %Δfe :

%Δfe = 4.01 [%]

b) Pérdida por retracción

%∆_𝐻=( 〖𝑓
′〗 _𝐶∗100)/𝑃_𝑜 ∗ 〖��〗 _𝑅

donde : 𝐻�𝑚�𝑑𝑎𝑑 :75 −100 %

• Determinamos %ΔH :

%ΔH = 3.31 [%]

c) Pérdida por contracción del acero

%∆_𝑓=(∆_𝑓∗100)/𝑃_𝑜 ∗
〖��〗 _𝑅

donde : ∆_𝑓=0,0003∗�_𝐶

Δf = 630.00 [Kp/cm²]

• Determinamos %Δf :

%Δf = 5.55 [%]

d) Pérdida por contracción plástica del concreto

%
〖∆𝑝〗 _𝐿=( 〖∆𝑝〗 _𝐿∗10
0)/𝑃_𝑜

donde : 〖∆𝑝〗 _𝐿=𝐶_�∗� 〖∆𝑝〗 _𝐿=2∗ 〖∆

_𝑃/�_(𝑓_� ) Λ 𝑓〗 _�

Cc = 2.00 Coeficiente de Plasticidad

• Determinamos ΔPL :

ΔpL = 21564.41 [Kp/cm²]

• Determinamos %ΔPL :

%ΔpL = 8.02 [%]

e) Pérdida plástica del acero

%
〖∆𝑝〗 _𝑆=( 〖∆𝑝〗 _𝑆∗100)
/𝑃_𝑜 ∗ 〖��〗 _𝑅

donde : 〖∆𝑝〗 _𝑆=�∗�_𝑆

δ= 0.0001

• Determinamos ΔPs :

ΔpS = 210.00 [Kp/cm²]

• Determinamos %ΔpS :

%ΔpS = 1.85 [%]

f) Pérdida por fricción

%
〖∆𝑓〗 _𝑟=( 〖∆𝑓〗 _𝑟∗100)
/𝑃_𝑜 ∗ 〖��〗 _𝑅

donde : 〖∆𝑓〗 _𝑟=𝑇_𝑂−

𝑇_𝑉

Donde : To = Tensión del cable, en el punto de aplicación del gato Freyssinet

Tv = Tensión unitaria, en cualquier punto del cable
Pn = Preesfuerzo efectivo del cable
Au = 0.987 [cm²] (Area unitaria del cable)
k= 0.0015 (Coeficiente del gato Freyssinet)
 μ= 0.45 (Coef. razonamiento entre la vaina y los torones)
α= Desviación angular de los torones en radianes

• Determinamos preesfuerzo efectivo del cable :

𝑃_𝑛=𝑃_
𝑜/#_�

#t = 24 [torones]

Pn = 11197.37 [Kp]

• Determinamos la tensión unitaria del cable :

𝑇_𝑉=𝑃_
𝑛/�_�

Tv = 11344.85 [Kp]

• Determinamos desviación angular de los torones :

— La ecuación que describe la vaina es : �𝑥^2+𝐵𝑥+𝐶𝑦+𝐷=0 1

Sabemos que : • Reemplazando en ① :

-L/2
A ( -L/2 , 0 ) �(−𝐿/2)^2+𝐵(−𝐿/2)+0+𝐷=0 2
0

0
0+0+𝐶(−�)+𝐷=0 3
B ( 0 , -e )
-e

L/2
�(𝐿/2)^2+𝐵(𝐿/2)+0+𝐷=0 4
C ( L/2 , 0 )
0
De ②, ③ y ④, se tiene :

𝐿^2/4 �−𝐿/2 𝐵 +𝐷=0

−�𝐶+𝐷=0

𝐿^2/4 �+𝐿/2 𝐵 +𝐷=0

NOTA : En el sistema de ecuaciones se tienes 3 ecuaciones con 4 incognitas

(A, B, C y D). Pero por el efecto de simetría se tomará A = 1 (Se eliminará A).

𝐿^2/4−𝐿/2 𝐵 +𝐷=0 5

−�𝐶+𝐷=0 6

𝐿^2/4+𝐿/2 𝐵 +𝐷=0 7

Resolviendo ⑤ y ⑦, se tiene:

𝐿^2/4−𝐿/2 𝐵 +𝐷=0

𝐿^2/4+𝐿/2 𝐵 +𝐷=0

2 𝐿^2/4 +2𝐷=0 𝐷=−𝐿^2/4

Reemplazando "D" en ⑤, se tiene:

𝐿^2/4−𝐿/2 𝐵 −𝐿^2/4=0 𝐵=0

Reemplazando "D" en ⑥, se tiene:

−�𝐶−𝐿^2/4=0 𝐶=−𝐿^2/
(4∗�)

Reemplazando "A","B","C" y "D" en ①, se tiene:

1𝑥^2+0𝑥−𝐿^2/(4∗�)
𝑦−𝐿^2/4=0

𝑥^2−𝐿^2/(4∗�) 𝑦−𝐿^2/4=0

Despejando "y" :

𝑦=−(𝐿^2/4−𝑥^2 ) 𝑦=(4∗e)/𝐿^2 ∗𝑥^2−� 8

∗(4∗e)/𝐿^2

Para hallar la tang α, derivamos la ecuación ⑧ :

𝑑𝑦/𝑑𝑥=(4∗�)/𝐿^2 𝑑𝑦/𝑑𝑥=(8∗�∗𝑥)/ �𝑎𝑛𝑔𝛼=(8∗�∗𝑥)/𝐿^

∗2𝑥−0 𝐿^2 2 9

Para x = L/2, se tiene :

�𝑎𝑛𝑔𝛼=(8∗�∗(𝐿/2) �𝑎𝑛𝑔𝛼=(4∗�)/𝐿 𝛼=𝑎𝑟��𝑎𝑛𝑔((4∗�)/𝐿)

)/𝐿^2

Para : L= 22.13 [m]

e= 49.00 [cm]

α= 0.088 [rad.]

Determinamos la tensión del cable en el punto de aplicación del gato :

𝑇_𝑂=𝑇_𝑉∗�^((𝑘𝐿+𝜇𝛼) )

To = 12530.73 [Kp/cm²]
• Determinamos Δfr :

Δfr = 1185.88 [Kp/cm²]

• Determinamos %Δfr :

%Δfr = 10.45 [%]

g) Pérdida Total

〖∆𝑝〗 _𝑇𝑜�𝑎𝑙= 〖 %∆𝑓 〗 _�+%∆_𝐻+%∆_𝑓+% 〖∆𝑝〗 _𝐿+% 〖∆

𝑝〗 _𝑆+% 〖∆𝑓〗 _𝑟

ΔpTotal = 33.20 [%]

33.20 [%] ≥ 20.00 [%] OK! Cumple

• Recalculando el Preesfuerzo final :

𝑃_𝑓= 〖∆𝑝〗 _𝑇𝑜�𝑎𝑙∗𝑃_𝑜

Pf = 357955.47 [Kp]

• Verificación de Preesfuerzo final en fibras externas :

Fibra superior (t = int.)

〖𝑓�〗 _�=𝑃_𝑓/�−(𝑃_𝑓∗�)/𝑊_� +�_𝑃𝑃/𝑊_� +�_𝐿𝐻/ 〖𝑊

^′ 〗 _� +�_𝑑/ 〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _� ≥−1,59∗√( 〖𝑓′〗 _𝐶 )

MPP = 5674026.05 [Kp*cm]

MLH = 4852949.86 [Kp*cm]
Md = 768125.33 [Kp*cm]
Wt = 145260.95 [cm³]
W't = 403237.84 [cm³]

24.94 [Kp/cm²] ≥ -30.79 [Kp/cm²] OK! Verifica

Fibra inferior (t = int.)

〖𝑓�〗 _𝑏=𝑃_1/�+(𝑃_1∗�)/𝑊_𝑏 −�_𝑃𝑃/𝑊_𝑏

−�_𝐿𝐻/ 〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _𝑏 −�_𝑑/ 〖𝑊 ^′ 〗 _𝑏 ≥0

No requiere verificación
⑳ CALCULO DE ESTRIBOS

• Resumen de cortantes

Qpp = 10255.81 [Kp]

QLH = 8771.71 [Kp]
Qd = 1041.29 [Kp]
Q1" = 1201.38 [Kp]
Qsup = 4862.18 [Kp]
QV = 23384.35 [Kp]
QI = 7015.31 [Kp]

• Determinamos cortante último

�_𝑈=1,3∗(�_𝐶�+1,67∗�_(𝐶𝑉+𝐼)
)

donde : Qg = QCM = Cortante por carga muerta

QCV = Cortante por carga viva más impacto

• Determinamos cortante por carga muerta

�_𝐶�=�_𝑃𝑃+�_𝐿𝐻+�_𝑑+�_1"+�_��𝑝

QCM = 26132.37 [Kp]

• Determinamos cortante por carga viva

�_𝐶𝑉=�_𝑉+�_𝐼

QCV = 30399.66 [Kp]

QU = 99969.73 [Kp]

• Cortante que resiste el hormigón

𝑉_𝐶=0,53∗√( 〖𝑓 ^′ 〗 _(𝐶_𝑉 ) )∗∅∗𝑏^

′∗𝑑

Ø= 0.85
b' = 20.00 [cm]
f'cv = 375.00 [Kp/cm²]
fy = 5000.00 [Kp/cm²]
h= 137.16 [cm]
 𝑑=�+𝑌_�+� d= 140.34 [cm]

𝑑=7/8∗ℎ+� d= 137.02 [cm]

VC = 23906.09 [Kp]

• Cortante absorvida por el preesfuerzo

𝑉_𝑝=𝑃_𝑜∗��𝑛𝛼

Po = 268736.89 [Kp]

α= 0.088 [rad.]

VP = 23708.56 [Kp]

• Determinamos el cortante necesario

𝑉_𝑛��=�_𝑈−𝑉_𝐶−𝑉_𝑃

Vnec = 52355.08 [Kp]

• Determinación de estribos

Para : Øbar. = 10.00 [mm]

〖��〗 ^90=(2∗𝜋∗ 〖∅ _(𝑏𝑎

𝑟.) 〗 ^2)/4

As 90 = 1.57 [cm²]
• Separación

𝑆=( 〖��〗 ^90∗𝑑∗𝑓𝑦∗∅)/

𝑉_𝑛��

S= 17.00 [cm] e Ø 10 c/ 17.00 [cm

]

• Armadura de piel

�_𝑝=(0,05∗𝑏^
′∗(2∗𝑑−ℎ))/100

Ap = 1.369 [cm²] Ø 6 c/ 17 cm

• Número de barras a usar

#_𝑏=(ℎ− 〖� _� 〗 _^′−�_�− 〖�
_𝑏 〗 _^′−�_𝑏)/17

#b = 5.23 [barras]
#b = 5 [barras] 7 Ø 6 c/ 17 cm

• Acero de disgregación del hormigón

No calculamos Usamos : Ø6
 CALCULO DE COORDENADAS DE LAS VAINAS

CL
APOYO APOYO

X
VAINA I
VAINA II
VAINA III
VAINA IV

• Ecuación general

�𝑥^2+𝐵𝑥+𝐶𝑦+𝐷=0

Por simetría A= 1

𝑥^2+𝐵𝑥+𝐶𝑦+𝐷=0 1

• Ecuación de las vainas

VAINA I
x y
• Coordenadas : ( -1106.5 113.05 (
( 0 47.69 (
( 1106.5 113.05 (

• Reemplazando en ①

(−1669)^2+(−1669)∗𝐵+(132.85)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 2

(29.84)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 3

( 1669 )^2+( 1669 )∗𝐵+(132.85)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 4

 • De ② y ④, se tiene

( 1669)^2∗2+2𝐶∗(132.85)+2𝐷=0

(29.84)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 *(-2)

5571122+(206.02)∗𝐶 =0

C= -27041.66

• Reemplazando en ③ D= 806923.02

• Reemplazando en ④ B= 0.00

○ La vaina I tendrá la siguiente ecuación :

Despejando
𝑦=(( 〖−�〗 ^2−𝐷))/𝐶
𝑥^2+ 𝐶𝑦+𝐷=0

𝑌_𝐼=(𝑥^2+806923.02)/27041.66

VAINA II
x y
• Coordenadas : ( -1106.5 83.05 (
( 0 40.39 (
( 1106.5 83.05 (

• Reemplazando en ①

(−1669)^2+(−1669)∗𝐵+(102.85)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 2

(22.54)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 3

( 1669 )^2+( 1669 )∗𝐵+(102.85)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 4

 • De ② y ④, se tiene

( −1669 )^2∗2+2𝐶∗(102.85)+2𝐷=0

(22.54)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 *(-2)

5571122+(160.62)∗𝐶 =0

C= -34685.11

• Reemplazando en ③ D= 781802.33

• Reemplazando en ④ B= 0.00

○ La vaina II tendrá la siguiente ecuación :

Despejando 𝑦=(( 〖−𝑥〗 ^2−𝐷))

𝑥^2+𝐶𝑦+𝐷=0
/𝐶

𝑌_𝐼𝐼=(𝑥^2+781802.33)/34
685.11

VAINA III
x y
• Coordenadas : ( -1106.5 53.05 (
( 0 33.09 (
( 1106.5 53.05 (

• Reemplazando en ①

(−1669)^2+(−1669)∗𝐵+(72.85)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 2

(15.24)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 3

( 1669)^2+( 1669 )∗𝐵+(72.85)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 4

 • De ② y ④, se tiene

( −1669 )^2∗2+2𝐶∗(72.85)+2𝐷=0

(15.24)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 *(-2)

5571122+(115.22)∗𝐶 =0

C= -48352.04

• Reemplazando en ③ D= 736885.08

• Reemplazando en ④ B= 0.00

○ La vaina III tendrá la siguiente ecuación :

Despejando 𝑦=(( 〖−𝑥〗 ^2−𝐷))

𝑥^2+𝐶𝑦+𝐷=0
/𝐶

𝑌_𝐼𝐼𝐼=(𝑥^2+736885.08)/48
352.04
 VAINA IV
x y
• Coordenadas : ( -1106.5 23.05 (
( 0 25.79 (
( 1106.5 23.05 (

• Reemplazando en ①

(−1669)^2+(−1669)∗𝐵+(42.85)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 2

(7.94)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 3

( 1669 )^2+( 1669 )∗𝐵+(42.85)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 4

• De ② y ④, se tiene

( −1669 )^2∗2+2𝐶∗(42.85)+2𝐷=0

(7.94)∗𝐶+𝐷=0 *(-2)

5571122+(69.82)∗𝐶 =0

C= -79792.64

• Reemplazando en ③ D= 633553.55

• Reemplazando en ④ B= 0.00

○ La vaina IV tendrá la siguiente ecuación :

Despejando 𝑦=(( 〖−𝑥〗 ^2−𝐷))

𝑥^2+𝐶𝑦+𝐷=0
/𝐶

𝑌_𝐼𝑉=(𝑥^2+633553.55)/79
792.64
→ COORDENADAS DE LAS VAINAS :

VAINA I VAINA II VAINA III VAINA IV

X [m] X [cm] Y [cm] Y [cm] Y [cm] Y [cm]
-11.065 -1106.500 75.116 57.839 40.561 23.284
-10.920 -1091.987 73.936 56.919 39.902 22.884
-10.775 -1077.474 72.772 56.011 39.250 22.490
-10.630 -1062.961 71.623 55.116 38.608 22.100
-10.484 -1048.448 70.490 54.232 37.974 21.716
-10.339 -1033.935 69.372 53.361 37.349 21.337
-10.194 -1019.422 68.270 52.502 36.733 20.964
-10.049 -1004.909 67.184 51.655 36.125 20.596
-9.904 -990.396 66.113 50.820 35.526 20.233
-9.759 -975.883 65.058 49.997 34.936 19.875
-9.614 -961.370 64.018 49.186 34.355 19.523
-9.469 -946.857 62.994 48.388 33.782 19.176
-9.323 -932.343 61.985 47.602 33.218 18.834
-9.18 -917.83 60.992 46.827 32.662 18.498
-9.033 -903.317 60.015 46.065 32.116 18.166
-8.888 -888.804 59.053 45.316 31.578 17.840
-8.743 -874.291 58.107 44.578 31.049 17.520
-8.598 -859.778 57.176 43.852 30.528 17.204
-8.453 -845.265 56.261 43.139 30.016 16.894
-8.308 -830.752 55.362 42.438 29.513 16.589
-8.162 -816.239 54.478 41.748 29.019 16.290
-8.017 -801.726 53.609 41.071 28.533 15.995
-7.872 -787.213 52.757 40.407 28.057 15.706
-7.727 -772.700 51.919 39.754 27.588 15.423
-7.582 -758.187 51.098 39.113 27.129 15.144
-7.437 -743.674 50.292 38.485 26.678 14.871
-7.292 -729.161 49.501 37.869 26.236 14.603
-7.146 -714.648 48.726 37.265 25.803 14.341
-7.001 -700.135 47.967 36.673 25.378 14.083
-6.856 -685.622 47.223 36.093 24.962 13.831
-6.711 -671.109 46.495 35.525 24.555 13.584
-6.566 -656.596 45.783 34.969 24.156 13.343
-6.421 -642.083 45.086 34.426 23.766 13.107
-6.276 -627.570 44.404 33.895 23.385 12.876
-6.131 -613.057 43.738 33.376 23.013 12.650
-5.985 -598.543 43.088 32.869 22.649 12.430
-5.840 -584.030 42.454 32.374 22.294 12.215
-5.695 -569.517 41.834 31.891 21.948 12.005
-5.550 -555.004 41.231 31.421 21.611 11.800
-5.405 -540.491 40.643 30.962 21.282 11.601
-5.260 -525.978 40.071 30.516 20.962 11.407
-5.115 -511.465 39.514 30.082 20.650 11.218
-4.970 -496.952 38.973 29.660 20.348 11.035
-4.824 -482.439 38.447 29.250 20.054 10.857
-4.679 -467.926 37.937 28.853 19.768 10.684
-4.534 -453.413 37.442 28.467 19.492 10.516
-4.389 -438.900 36.964 28.094 19.224 10.354
-4.244 -424.387 36.500 27.733 18.965 10.197
-4.099 -409.874 36.053 27.383 18.714 10.045
-3.954 -395.361 35.620 27.047 18.473 9.899
-3.808 -380.848 35.204 26.722 18.240 9.758
-3.663 -366.335 34.803 26.409 18.016 9.622
-3.518 -351.822 34.417 26.109 17.800 9.491
-3.373 -337.309 34.047 25.820 17.593 9.366
-3.228 -322.796 33.693 25.544 17.395 9.246
-3.083 -308.283 33.355 25.280 17.206 9.131
-2.938 -293.770 33.031 25.028 17.025 9.022
-2.793 -279.257 32.724 24.788 16.853 8.917
-2.647 -264.743 32.432 24.561 16.690 8.818
-2.502 -250.230 32.156 24.345 16.535 8.725
-2.357 -235.717 31.895 24.142 16.389 8.636
-2.212 -221.204 31.649 23.951 16.252 8.553
-2.067 -206.691 31.420 23.772 16.124 8.475
-1.922 -192.178 31.206 23.605 16.004 8.403
-1.777 -177.665 31.007 23.450 15.893 8.336
-1.632 -163.152 30.824 23.307 15.791 8.274
-1.486 -148.639 30.657 23.177 15.697 8.217
-1.341 -134.126 30.505 23.059 15.612 8.165
-1.196 -119.613 30.369 22.952 15.536 8.119
-1.051 -105.100 30.248 22.858 15.468 8.078
-0.906 -90.587 30.143 22.777 15.410 8.043
-0.761 -76.074 30.054 22.707 15.360 8.013
-0.616 -61.561 29.980 22.649 15.318 7.987
-0.470 -47.048 29.922 22.604 15.286 7.968
-0.325 -32.535 29.879 22.571 15.262 7.953
-0.180 -18.022 29.852 22.549 15.247 7.944
-0.035 -3.509 29.840 22.540 15.240 7.940
0.110 11.004 29.844 22.543 15.243 7.942
0.255 25.517 29.864 22.559 15.253 7.948
0.400 40.030 29.899 22.586 15.273 7.960
0.545 54.543 29.950 22.626 15.302 7.977
0.691 69.057 30.016 22.677 15.339 8.000
0.836 83.570 30.098 22.741 15.384 8.028
0.981 98.083 30.196 22.817 15.439 8.061
1.126 112.596 30.309 22.906 15.502 8.099
1.271 127.109 30.437 23.006 15.574 8.142
1.416 141.622 30.582 23.118 15.655 8.191
1.561 156.135 30.741 23.243 15.744 8.246
1.706 170.648 30.917 23.380 15.842 8.305
1.852 185.161 31.108 23.528 15.949 8.370
1.997 199.674 31.314 23.689 16.065 8.440
2.142 214.187 31.536 23.863 16.189 8.515
2.287 228.700 31.774 24.048 16.322 8.595
2.432 243.213 32.027 24.245 16.463 8.681
2.577 257.726 32.296 24.455 16.614 8.772
2.722 272.239 32.581 24.677 16.773 8.869
2.868 286.752 32.881 24.911 16.941 8.971
3.013 301.265 33.196 25.157 17.117 9.077
3.158 315.778 33.527 25.415 17.302 9.190
3.303 330.291 33.874 25.685 17.496 9.307
3.448 344.804 34.237 25.968 17.699 9.430
3.593 359.317 34.614 26.262 17.910 9.558
3.738 373.830 35.008 26.569 18.130 9.691
3.883 388.343 35.417 26.888 18.359 9.830
4.029 402.857 35.842 27.219 18.596 9.974
4.174 417.370 36.282 27.562 18.843 10.123
4.319 431.883 36.738 27.918 19.098 10.278
4.464 446.396 37.209 28.285 19.361 10.437
4.609 460.909 37.696 28.665 19.634 10.602
4.754 475.422 38.198 29.057 19.915 10.773
4.899 489.935 38.717 29.460 20.204 10.948
5.044 504.448 39.250 29.877 20.503 11.129
5.190 518.961 39.799 30.305 20.810 11.315
5.335 533.474 40.364 30.745 21.126 11.507
5.480 547.987 40.945 31.198 21.450 11.703
5.625 562.500 41.541 31.662 21.784 11.905
5.770 577.013 42.152 32.139 22.126 12.113
5.915 591.526 42.779 32.628 22.477 12.325
6.060 606.039 43.422 33.129 22.836 12.543
6.206 620.552 44.080 33.642 23.204 12.766
6.351 635.065 44.754 34.168 23.581 12.994
6.496 649.578 45.444 34.705 23.967 13.228
6.641 664.091 46.149 35.255 24.361 13.467
6.786 678.604 46.869 35.817 24.764 13.711
6.931 693.117 47.606 36.391 25.176 13.961
7.076 707.630 48.357 36.977 25.596 14.216
7.221 722.143 49.125 37.575 26.025 14.476
7.367 736.657 49.908 38.185 26.463 14.741
7.512 751.170 50.706 38.808 26.910 15.012
7.657 765.683 51.520 39.443 27.365 15.287
7.802 780.196 52.350 40.089 27.829 15.569
7.947 794.709 53.195 40.748 28.302 15.855
8.092 809.222 54.056 41.420 28.783 16.147
8.237 823.735 54.932 42.103 29.273 16.444
8.382 838.248 55.824 42.798 29.772 16.746
8.528 852.761 56.732 43.506 30.280 17.054
8.673 867.274 57.655 44.226 30.796 17.366
 8.818 881.787 58.594 44.957 31.321 17.685
8.963 896.300 59.548 45.701 31.855 18.008
9.108 910.813 60.518 46.457 32.397 18.337
9.253 925.326 61.503 47.226 32.948 18.671
9.398 939.839 62.504 48.006 33.508 19.010
9.544 954.352 63.521 48.799 34.077 19.354
9.689 968.865 64.553 49.603 34.654 19.704
9.834 983.378 65.601 50.420 35.240 20.059
9.979 997.891 66.664 51.249 35.835 20.420
10.124 1012.404 67.743 52.091 36.438 20.785
10.269 1026.917 68.838 52.944 37.050 21.156
10.414 1041.430 69.948 53.809 37.671 21.532
10.559 1055.943 71.073 54.687 38.300 21.914
10.705 1070.457 72.215 55.577 38.939 22.301
10.850 1084.970 73.371 56.478 39.586 22.693
10.995 1099.483 74.544 57.392 40.241 23.090
11.140 1113.996 75.732 58.319 40.906 23.493
11.285 1128.509 76.935 59.257 41.579 23.901
11.430 1143.022 78.154 60.207 42.261 24.314
11.575 1157.535 79.389 61.170 42.951 24.732
11.720 1172.048 80.639 62.145 43.650 25.156
11.866 1186.561 81.905 63.132 44.358 25.585
12.011 1201.074 83.187 64.131 45.075 26.019
12.156 1215.587 84.484 65.142 45.800 26.459
12.301 1230.100 85.796 66.165 46.534 26.903
12.446 1244.613 87.124 67.201 47.277 27.354
12.591 1259.126 88.468 68.248 48.029 27.809
12.736 1273.639 89.827 69.308 48.789 28.270
12.882 1288.152 91.202 70.380 49.558 28.736
13.027 1302.665 92.593 71.464 50.335 29.207
13.172 1317.178 93.999 72.560 51.122 29.683
13.317 1331.691 95.420 73.669 51.917 30.165
13.462 1346.204 96.858 74.789 52.721 30.652
13.607 1360.717 98.310 75.922 53.533 31.145
13.752 1375.230 99.779 77.067 54.354 31.642
13.897 1389.743 101.263 78.223 55.184 32.145
14.043 1404.257 102.762 79.393 56.023 32.653
14.188 1418.770 104.277 80.574 56.870 33.167
14.333 1433.283 105.808 81.767 57.726 33.685
14.478 1447.796 107.354 82.973 58.591 34.209
14.623 1462.309 108.916 84.190 59.465 34.739
14.768 1476.822 110.493 85.420 60.347 35.273
14.913 1491.335 112.086 86.662 61.238 35.813
15.058 1505.848 113.695 87.916 62.137 36.358
15.204 1520.361 115.319 89.182 63.046 36.909
15.349 1534.874 116.959 90.461 63.963 37.465
15.494 1549.387 118.614 91.751 64.888 38.025
15.639 1563.900 120.285 93.054 65.823 38.592
15.784 1578.413 121.971 94.369 66.766 39.163
15.929 1592.926 123.673 95.696 67.718 39.740
16.074 1607.439 125.391 97.035 68.679 40.322
16.220 1621.952 127.124 98.386 69.648 40.910
16.365 1636.465 128.873 99.749 70.626 41.502
16.510 1650.978 130.637 101.125 71.613 42.100
16.655 1665.491 132.417 102.513 72.608 42.703
16.800 1680.004 134.213 103.913 73.612 43.312
16.945 1694.517 136.024 105.324 74.625 43.926
17.090 1709.030 137.851 106.749 75.647 44.545
17.235 1723.543 139.693 108.185 76.677 45.169
17.381 1738.057 141.551 109.633 77.716 45.799
17.526 1752.570 143.424 111.094 78.764 46.434
17.671 1767.083 145.313 112.567 79.820 47.074
17.816 1781.596 147.218 114.051 80.885 47.719
17.961 1796.109 149.138 115.548 81.959 48.370
18.106 1810.622 151.073 117.058 83.042 49.026
18.251 1825.135 153.025 118.579 84.133 49.687
18.396 1839.648 154.991 120.112 85.233 50.354
18.542 1854.161 156.974 121.658 86.342 51.026
18.687 1868.674 158.972 123.216 87.459 51.703
18.832 1883.187 160.986 124.785 88.585 52.385
18.977 1897.700 163.015 126.367 89.720 53.073
19.122 1912.213 165.059 127.962 90.864 53.766
19.267 1926.726 167.120 129.568 92.016 54.464
19.412 1941.239 169.196 131.186 93.177 55.168
19.558 1955.752 171.287 132.817 94.347 55.876
19.703 1970.265 173.394 134.460 95.525 56.590
19.848 1984.778 175.517 136.115 96.712 57.310
19.993 1999.291 177.655 137.782 97.908 58.034
20.138 2013.804 179.809 139.461 99.113 58.764
20.283 2028.317 181.978 141.152 100.326 59.500
20.428 2042.830 184.163 142.855 101.548 60.240
20.573 2057.343 186.364 144.571 102.778 60.986
20.719 2071.857 188.580 146.299 104.018 61.737
20.864 2086.370 190.812 148.039 105.266 62.493
21.009 2100.883 193.059 149.791 106.523 63.255
21.154 2115.396 195.322 151.555 107.788 64.022
21.299 2129.909 197.600 153.331 109.063 64.794
21.444 2144.422 199.894 155.120 110.345 65.571
21.589 2158.935 202.204 156.920 111.637 66.354
21.734 2173.448 204.529 158.733 112.938 67.142
21.880 2187.961 206.870 160.558 114.247 67.935
22.025 2202.474 209.226 162.395 115.564 68.734
22.170 2216.987 211.598 164.244 116.891 69.538
22.315 2231.500 213.985 166.106 118.226 70.347
 VERIFICACION DE LAS DEFLEXIONES

a) Debido al preesfuerzo inicial

∆𝑝=(𝑃∗�∗𝐿^2)/
(8∗�_𝐶∗𝐼)

• En t = 0 :
∆𝑝=(𝑃_𝑓∗�∗𝐿^2)/
(8∗�_𝐶∗𝐼)

donde : Pf = 322484.27 [Kp]

Po = 268736.89 [Kp]
e= 49.00 [cm]
L= 22.13 [m]
Ec = 308160.00 [Kp/cm²]
ISC = ### [cm⁴]
I= 7943453.68 [cm⁴]

• La deflexión debido al preesfuerzo será :

Δpo = 3.29 [cm]

Δpf = 3.95 [cm]

b) Debido a la carga muerta

�_𝑔=5/384∗(�∗𝐿^4
)/(�_𝐶∗𝐼)

donde :
�_𝑔=�_𝑝𝑝+�_𝐿𝐻+�_𝑑+�_��𝑝+�_1
"

qpp = 926.87 [Kp/m]

qLH = 792.74 [Kp/m]
qd = 445.93 [Kp/m]
qsup = 439.42 [Kp/m]
q1" = 108.57 [Kp/m]

qg = 2713.54 [Kp/m]
qg = 27.14 [Kp/cm]
• La deflexión debido a la carga muerta será :

δg = 1.46 [cm]

c) Debido a la carga viva

�_𝐶𝑉=5/384∗(�∗𝐿^
4)/(�_𝐶∗𝐼)

donde :
�_𝐶𝑉=�_�+�_𝐼

qv = 1056.68 [Kp/m]
qI = 1373.69 [Kp/m]

qCV = 2430.37 [Kp/m]

qCV = 24.30 [Kp/cm]

• La deflexión debido a la carga viva será :

δCV= 1.30 [cm]

→ DEFLEXION ADMISIBLE

∆_𝑎𝑑𝑚=𝐿/480

Δadm= 4.61 [cm]

• Verificamos deflexiones :

1era condición
∆_(𝑝_𝑜 ) ≥ 〖 �〗
_𝑔+�_𝐶𝑉

3.29 [cm] ≥ 2.76 [cm] OK! Verifica

2da condición (t = 0)

∆_𝑝 − 〖 �〗 _𝑔 ≤
∆_𝑎𝑑𝑚

2.50 [cm] ≤ 4.61 [cm] OK! Verifica

3era condición (t = ∞)

∆_𝑝 ≥ 〖 2� 〗 _𝑔

3.95 [cm] ≥ 2.91 [cm] OK! Verifica

MOMENTO FLEXIONANTE Y REACCION PARA CARGA H20-S16 Y DIVERSOS CLAROS

Claro del Momento Claro del Momento

Reacción Reacción
puente flexionante puente flexionante
Q⁰ [Kp] Q⁰ [Kp]
L [m] M⁰ [Kp*m] L [m] M⁰ [Kp*m]
0.50 1820 14515 18.50 113300 27645
1.00 3630 14515 19.00 117400 27790
1.50 5440 14515 19.50 121400 27905
2.00 7260 14515 20.00 125500 28040
2.50 9070 14515 20.50 129550 28140
3.00 10829 14515 21.00 133600 28230
3.50 12700 14515 21.50 137650 28340
4.00 14520 14515 22.00 141700 28445
4.50 16350 15245 22.50 145700 28550
5.00 18160 16655 23.00 149800 28650
5.50 19970 17775 23.50 153900 28725
6.00 21760 18710 24.00 158000 28800
6.50 23600 19500 26.00 174300 29090
7.00 25400 20170 28.00 190480 29330
7.50 27900 20770 30.00 206700 29565
8.00 31250 21300 32.00 223400 29760
8.50 34640 21740 34.00 239800 29935
9.00 38000 22335 36.00 256000 30080
9.50 41480 22815 38.00 272000 30375
10.00 45000 23360 40.00 288800 30850
10.50 48650 23805 42.00 305000 31800
11.00 52650 24200 44.00 324800 32700
11.50 56650 24570 46.00 346500 33715
12.00 60700 24940 48.00 373000 34670
12.50 64700 25220 50.00 400000 35610
13.00 68750 25515 55.00 473000 38000
13.50 72750 25760 60.00 551500 40380
14.00 76750 26000 65.00 636500 42760
14.50 80000 26245 70.00 728000 45120
15.00 84900 26445 75.00 824000 47510
15.50 88900 26660 80.00 926000 49880
16.00 92900 26870 85.00 1034000 52270
16.50 97000 27055 90.00 1149000 54670
17.00 101050 27200 95.00 1270000 57060
17.50 105100 27355 100.00 1395000 59920
18.00 109200 27500
 SECCIONES BPR

TABLA 1a. SECCIONES "BPR"

Viga N⁰

Dimensiones de la sección [m] Propiedades de la sección

h bt tt t't bb tb t'b b' wviga A Yt Yb I Zt Zb A/h

[Kp/m] [cm²] [cm] [cm] [cm⁴] [cm³] [cm³] [cm]
1 71.12 38.10 11.11 2.86 45.72 10.16 15.24 15.24 460.26 1909.67 38.58 32.54 1078039.40 27858.00 33101.90 26.85
2 81.28 38.10 11.11 2.86 45.72 10.16 15.24 15.24 497.49 2064.51 44.07 37.21 1548380.90 35068.30 41623.10 25.40
3 91.44 40.64 10.80 3.18 45.72 10.16 15.24 15.24 540.69 2251.61 48.95 42.49 2176890.40 44408.90 51127.60 24.61
4 101.60 43.18 10.48 3.49 45.72 10.16 15.24 15.24 585.37 2432.25 53.75 47.85 2942756.20 54732.80 61451.50 23.95
5 111.76 45.72 10.16 3.81 45.72 10.16 15.24 15.24 628.57 2612.90 58.50 53.26 3858465.30 66039.90 72430.80 23.37
6 111.76 38.10 11.11 2.86 50.80 16.51 17.78 15.24 695.60 2890.32 64.29 47.47 3979172.40 61943.10 83901.80 25.86
7 121.92 43.18 10.48 3.49 50.80 16.51 17.78 15.24 746.24 3103.22 68.83 53.09 5261165.20 76363.70 99141.70 25.45
8 137.16 48.26 9.84 4.13 50.80 16.51 17.78 15.24 814.76 3387.09 76.07 61.09 7458867.10 97994.60 122083.60 24.69
9 152.40 55.88 12.70 3.81 50.80 16.51 17.78 15.24 919.02 3819.35 80.39 72.01 10896938.70 135521.00 151252.60 25.07
10 172.72 63.50 12.07 4.45 55.88 15.24 19.05 17.78 1123.08 4670.96 90.04 82.68 16836561.20 186976.40 203691.20 27.05
11 198.12 68.58 11.75 4.76 55.88 15.24 19.05 17.78 1246.71 5187.09 102.01 96.11 24607601.90 241217.60 255965.90 26.19
Diámetro Masa en Número de Barras (Vigas y columnas)
[mm] [Kg/m] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3 0.056 0.07 0.14 0.21 0.28 0.35 0.42 0.49 0.57 0.64
5 0.154 0.20 0.39 0.59 0.79 0.98 1.18 1.37 1.57 1.77
6 0.222 0.28 0.57 0.85 1.13 1.41 1.70 1.98 2.26 2.54
7 0.302 0.33 0.77 1.15 1.54 1.92 2.31 2.69 3.08 3.46
8 0.395 0.50 1.01 1.51 2.01 2.51 3.02 3.52 4.02 4.52
10 0.617 0.79 1.57 2.36 3.14 3.93 4.71 5.50 6.28 7.07
12 0.888 1.13 2.26 3.39 4.52 5.65 6.79 7.92 9.05 10.18
14 1.21 1.54 3.08 4.62 6.16 7.70 9.24 10.78 12.32 13.85
16 1.58 2.01 4.02 6.03 8.04 10.05 12.06 14.07 16.08 18.10
18 2 2.54 5.09 7.63 10.18 12.72 15.27 17.81 20.36 22.90
20 2.47 3.14 6.28 9.42 12.57 15.71 18.85 21.99 25.13 28.27
22 2.98 3.80 7.60 11.40 15.21 19.01 22.81 26.61 30.41 34.21
24 3.55 4.52 9.05 13.57 18.10 22.62 27.14 31.67 36.19 40.72
25 3.975 4.91 9.82 14.73 19.63 24.54 29.45 34.36 39.27 44.18
26 4.17 5.31 10.62 15.93 21.24 26.55 31.86 37.17 42.47 47.78
28 4.83 6.16 12.32 18.47 24.63 30.79 36.95 43.10 49.26 55.42
30 5.55 7.07 14.14 21.21 28.27 35.34 42.41 49.48 56.55 63.62
32 6.31 8.04 16.08 24.13 32.17 40.21 48.25 56.30 64.34 72.83
34 7.13 9.08 18.16 27.24 36.32 45.40 54.48 63.55 72.63 81.71
36 7.99 10.18 20.36 30.54 40.72 50.89 61.07 71.25 81.43 91.60
38 8.9 11.34 22.68 34.02 45.36 56.71 68.05 79.39 90.73 102.10
40 9.87 12.57 25.13 37.70 50.27 62.83 75.40 87.96 100.50 113.10
45 12.48 15.90 31.81 47.71 63.62 79.52 95.40 111.30 127.20 143.10
50 15.41 19.63 39.27 58.90 78.54 98.17 117.80 137.40 157.10 176.70
 Areas para 100 [cm] de ancho [cm²]
Separación Diámetro [mm] (Losas)
[cm] 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
7 4.00 7.14 11.29 16.14 22.00 28.71 36.29 44.86 54.29 64.57
7.5 3.73 6.67 10.53 15.07 20.53 26.80 33.87 41.87 50.67 60.27
8 3.50 6.25 9.88 14.13 19.25 25.13 31.75 39.25 47.50 56.50
8.5 3.29 5.88 9.29 13.29 18.12 23.65 29.88 36.94 44.71 53.18
9 3.11 5.56 8.78 12.56 17.11 22.33 28.22 34.89 42.22 50.22
9.5 2.95 5.26 8.32 11.89 16.21 21.16 26.74 33.05 40.00 47.58
10 2.80 5.00 7.90 11.30 15.40 20.10 25.40 31.40 38.00 45.20
10.5 2.67 4.76 7.52 10.76 14.67 19.14 24.19 29.90 36.19 43.05
11 2.55 4.55 7.18 10.27 14.00 18.27 23.09 28.55 34.55 41.09
11.5 2.43 4.35 6.87 9.83 13.39 17.48 22.09 27.30 33.04 39.30
12 2.33 4.17 6.58 9.42 12.83 16.76 21.17 26.17 31.67 37.87
12.5 2.24 4.00 6.32 9.04 12.32 16.08 20.32 25.12 30.40 36.16
13 2.15 3.85 6.08 8.69 11.85 15.46 19.54 24.15 29.23 34.77
13.5 2.07 3.70 5.85 8.37 11.41 14.89 18.81 23.26 28.15 33.48
14 2.00 3.57 5.64 8.07 11.00 14.36 18.14 22.43 27.14 32.29
14.5 1.93 3.45 5.45 7.79 10.62 13.86 17.52 21.66 26.21 31.17
15 1.87 3.33 5.27 7.53 10.27 13.40 16.93 20.93 25.33 30.13
15.5 1.81 3.23 5.10 7.29 9.94 12.97 16.39 20.26 24.52 29.16
16 1.75 3.13 4.94 7.06 9.63 12.56 15.88 19.63 23.75 28.25
16.5 1.70 3.03 4.79 6.85 9.33 12.18 15.39 19.03 23.03 27.39
17 1.65 2.94 4.65 6.65 9.06 11.82 14.94 18.47 22.35 26.59
17.5 1.60 2.86 4.51 6.46 8.80 11.49 14.51 17.94 21.71 25.83
18 1.56 2.78 4.39 6.28 8.56 11.17 14.11 17.44 21.11 25.11
18.5 1.51 2.70 4.27 6.11 8.32 10.86 13.73 16.97 20.54 24.43
19 1.47 2.63 4.16 5.95 8.11 10.58 13.37 16.53 20.00 23.79
19.5 1.44 2.56 4.05 5.79 7.90 10.31 13.03 16.10 19.49 23.18
20 1.40 2.50 3.95 5.65 7.70 10.05 12.70 15.70 19.00 22.60
20.5 1.37 2.44 3.85 5.51 7.51 9.80 12.39 15.32 18.54 22.05
21 1.33 2.38 3.76 5.38 7.33 9.57 12.10 14.95 18.10 21.52
21.5 1.30 2.33 3.67 5.26 7.16 9.35 11.81 14.60 17.67 21.02
22 1.27 2.27 3.59 5.14 7.00 9.14 11.55 14.27 17.27 20.55
22.5 1.24 2.22 3.51 5.02 6.84 8.93 11.29 13.96 16.89 20.09
23 1.22 2.17 3.43 4.91 6.70 8.74 11.04 13.65 16.52 19.65
23.5 1.19 2.13 3.36 4.81 6.55 8.55 10.81 13.36 16.17 19.23
24 1.17 2.08 3.29 4.71 6.42 8.38 10.58 13.08 15.83 18.83
24.5 1.14 2.04 3.22 4.61 6.29 8.20 10.37 12.82 15.51 18.45
25 1.12 2.00 3.16 4.52 6.16 8.04 10.16 12.56 15.20 18.08
25.5 1.10 1.96 3.10 4.43 6.04 7.88 9.96 12.31 14.90 17.73
26 1.08 1.92 3.04 4.35 5.92 7.73 9.77 12.08 14.62 17.38
26.5 1.06 1.89 2.98 4.26 5.81 7.58 9.58 11.85 14.34 17.06
27 1.04 1.85 2.93 4.19 5.70 7.44 9.41 11.63 14.07 16.74
27.5 1.02 1.82 2.87 4.11 5.60 7.31 9.24 11.42 13.82 16.44
28 1.00 1.79 2.82 4.04 5.50 7.18 9.07 11.21 13,,57 16.14
28.5 0.98 1.75 2.77 3.96 5.40 7.05 8.91 11.02 13.33 15.86
29 0.97 1.72 2.72 3.90 5.31 6.93 8.76 10.83 13.10 15.59
29.5 0.95 1.69 2.68 3.83 5.22 6.81 8.61 10.64 12.88 15.32
30 0.93 1.67 2.63 3.77 5.13 6.70 8.47 10.47 12.67 15.07
Número de Barras (Vigas y columnas)
10
0.71
1.96
2.83
3.85
5.03
7.85
11.31
15.39
20.11
25.45
31.42
38.01
45.24
49.09
53.09
61.58
70.69
80.42
90.79
101.80
113.40
125.70
159.00
196.30
Areas para 100 [cm] de ancho [cm²]
Diámetro [mm] (Losas)
25
70.14
65.47
61.38
57.76
54.56
51.68
49.10
46.76
44.64
42.70
40.92
39.28
37.77
36.37
35.07
33.86
32.73
31.68
30.69
29.76
28.88
28.06
27.28
26.54
25.84
25.18
24.55
23.95
23.38
22.84
22.32
21.82
21.35
20.89
20.46
20.04
19.64
19.25
18.88
18.53
18.19
17.85
17.54
17.23
16.93
16.64
16.37
② DISEÑO DE POSTE

�∗𝑋^2+𝐵∗𝑋+𝐶=0

A= -5000
Componente Y
B= 233750 0
C= -1207921.4798 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 A=
-500000 B=
C=
X Y -1000000
5 -164171.47979 Y
4 -352921.47979 -1500000
3 -551671.47979
2 -760421.47979
-2000000
1 -979171.47979
0 -1207921.4798
-2500000
-1 -1446671.4798
-2 -1695421.4798
-3 -1954171.4798 -3000000
-4 -2222921.4798
-5 -2501671.4798
𝑥=(−𝑏±√(𝑏^2−4𝑎�))/2𝑎

𝑏^2−4𝑎�
X Y
5.9163 0
30480632904 Reales y diferentes 40.8337 0
③ DISEÑO DE LA ACERA

�∗𝑋^2+𝐵∗𝑋+𝐶=0 A=
Componente Y B=
A= -5000 1500000.00 C=
B= 318750
1000000.00
C= -220562.91
500000.00
X Y 0.00 Y
5 1248187.09 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
4 974437.09 -500000.00
3 690687.09 -1000000.00
2 396937.09
-1500000.00
1 93187.09
0 -220562.91 -2000000.00
-1 -544312.91 -2500000.00
-2 -878062.91
-3 -1221812.91
-4 -1575562.91
-5 -1939312.91 𝑥=(−𝑏±√(𝑏^2−4𝑎�))/2𝑎

𝑏^2−4𝑎� X Y
0.6996 0
97190304278 Reales y diferentes 63.0504 0
Hallar R1, R2, R3 y R4, tales que se cumplan las siguientes condiciones :

-2*R2 + -4*R3 + -6*R4 =-14129.58

2*R1 + + -2*R3 + -4*R4 = -4709.86
4*R1 + 2*R2 + -2*R4 = 4709.86
6*R1 + 4*R2 + 2*R3 =14129.58
Tabla de coeficientes :
R4 R3 R2 R1 TI
Ecuación 1 0.00 -2.11 -4.22 -6.33 -14129.58
Ecuación 2 2.11 0.00 -2.11 -4.22 -4709.86
Ecuación 3 4.22 2.11 0.00 -2.11 4709.86
Ecuación 4 6.33 4.22 2.11 0.00 14129.58

R1 R2 R3 R4
1033.61 1198.55 1198.55 1033.61

0.01 =0 No cumple con la 1era ecuación

0.00 =0 No cumple con la 2da ecuación
0.00 =0 No cumple con la 3era ecuación
-0.01 =0 No cumple con la 4ta ecuación
 -5000
233750
-1207921.48
 -5000
318750
-220562.91
Convertir radianes a grados decimales :

Ejemplo : 45 [°]

0.78539816 [rad] primero sacamos radianes

45 [°] colocamos la funció grados y colocamos el valor de radianes