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Principles of Mass
Transfer
(CHAPTER 7a)
Mass Transfer Coefficient for
Various Geometries
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BKF 2432: MASS TRANSFER FKKSA, UMP
Topic Outcomes
It is expected that student will be able to:
Apply the convective mass transfer
coefficient of molecular diffusion in various
geometries.
Solve mathematical solution of molecular
diffusion in various geometries.
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Content
Prediction of mass transfer coefficient
Dimensionless number
Mass Transfer for Flow Inside Pipes
Mass Transfer for Flow Parallel to Flat
Plates
Mass Transfer for Flow Past Single Spheres
Mass Transfer to Packed Bed
Flow Perpendicular to Single Cylinder
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BKF 2432: MASS TRANSFER FKKSA, UMP
Dimensionless Number
Reynolds Number
L
N Re Equation 7.3.1
L= Dp for sphere; Diameter, D for pipe; Length, L for flat plate
Schmidt Number
N Sc Equation 7.3.2
DAB
Sherwood Number
k'c L (k c y BM )L k'x L
sh
N Equation 7.3.3
DAB DAB c DAB
- Use for correction of mass transfer coefficient obtained from experimental data
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BKF 2432: MASS TRANSFER FKKSA, UMP
Dimensionless Number
Stanton Number
GM= vρ/MAv=vc
JD factor
k' c k'G P
Sc Sc
2 2 1
JD N 3
N 3
N Sh / N Re .N Sc
3
Equation 7.3.5
v GM
- Use for correction of mass transfer coefficient obtained from experimental data
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Transfer for
BKF 2432: MASS TRANSFER FKKSA, UMP
Flow Inside
Pipes
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BKF 2432: MASS TRANSFER FKKSA, UMP
1. Laminar Flow
For liquid and gases flowing inside pipe
N Re < 2100
For gases;
D
N Re N Sc less than 70; use Figure 7.3-2 with rodlike flow
L 4
For liquids;
D
N Re N Sc greater than 400; use formula:
L 4
2 / 3
c A c A0 W
5.5 Equation 7.3.24
c Ai c A0 DAB L 7
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BKF 2432: MASS TRANSFER FKKSA, UMP
Laminar Flow
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2. Turbulent Flow
N Re > 2100
0.6 <N Sc < 3000
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Flow
Parallel to
Flat Plates
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BKF 2432: MASS TRANSFER FKKSA, UMP
k c' .L
0.664 N Re, L N sc3
0.5 1
N sh Equation 7.3.27
D AB
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0.5
J D 0.99 N Re, L
Equation 7.3.29
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Problem 2
o Estimate the value of the mass transfer coefficient
in a stream of air flowing parallel to a flat plate
0.152 m in length made of solid naphthalene at
325.6 K. The velocity of the air is 1.524 m/s 325.6 K
and 101.3 kPa. The DAB of naphthalene in air is
5.16 x 10-6 m2/s at 273 K and 202.6 kPa. Predict the
value of Stanton Number.
Flow Past
Single
Spheres
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0.53 1/ 3
N Sh 2 0.552 N Re N Sc Equation 7.3.33
0.50 1/ 3
N Sh 2 0.95 N Re N Sc Equation 7.3.34
0.62 1/ 3
N Sh 0.347 N Re N Sc Equation 7.3.35
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NA = 1.6 x 10-7 kg mol/s.m2 19
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Problem 3
o It is desired to estimate the mass-transfer
coefficient in kG kg mol/s.m2.Pa for water vapor in
air at 338.6 K and 101.32 kPa flowing in a large
duct past solids of 25.4 mm diameter sphere. The
velocity in the duct is 3.66 m/s. The water vapor
concentration in the air is small, so the physical
properties of air can be used.
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Mass
Transfer to
Packed Bed
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0.4548 0.4069
JD N Re
Equation 7.3.36
Where, NRe is
D p '
N Re
v’ = superficial velocity
Dp = Diameter of the spheres
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1.09 2 / 3
JD N Re Equation 7.3.37
3. Liquid in packed bed; 55 < NRe < 1 500 ; 165 < N Sc < 10 690
0.458 0.4069
JD N Re Equation 7.3.36
5. Liquid in Fluidized bed; 1 < NRe < 10
1.1068 0.72
JD N Re Equation 7.3.39
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Problem 4
o Mercury at 26.5oC is flowing through a packed bed
of lead spheres having a diameter of 2.096 mm
with a void fraction of 0.499. The superficial velocity
is 0.02198 m/s. The Schmidt number is 124.1, the
viscosity of the solution is 1.577 x 10-3 Pa.s and the
density is 13 530 kg/m3. Predict the value of JD and
k’C
Ans: JD = 0.078
k’C = 6.89 x 10-5 m/s 26
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Problem 5
o Pure water at 26.5oC is flowing at a rate of 0.0701
ft3/h through a packed bed of 0.251-in. benzoic acid
spheres having a total surface areas of 0.129 ft 2.
The solubility of benzoic acid in water is 0.00184 lb
mol benzoic acid/ft3 solution. Calculate the mass
transfer coefficient kC if the outlet concentration CA2
is 1.8 x 10-4 lb mol/ft3.
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Perpendicula
BKF 2432: MASS TRANSFER FKKSA, UMP
r to
Single
Cylinder
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0.487
J D 0.600 N Re Equation 7.3.45
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