DESIGN 12.9 X 22 m-1 PDF

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Title: Document No: Revision:-

Design of super structure R0
RCC T-Girder c/c span 22 m width 12.9m
Notes:
Revision Details:
PKR PVM VPS

Init. Sign. Init. Sign. Init. Sign.
Rev. Date Details
Prepared Checked Approved
CONTENTS
Chapter Description Page No.

No.
1 INTRODUCTION
2 DESIGN DATA
3 IDEALISATION OF STRUCTURE
4 3D MODEL IN STAAD
5 GIRDER PROPERTIES
6 LOADS CONSIDERED
7 ANALYSIS RESULTS
8 DESIGN OF GIRDERS FOR FLEXURE
9 DESIGN OF GIRDERS FOR SHEAR FORCE
10 DESIGN OF CROSS GIRDERS
11 TEMPERATURE STRESSES
12 LIMIT STATE OF SERVICIBILTY
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A STAAD INPUT FILE A-1
APPENDIX B LIVE LOAD CASES B-1
CHAPTER - 1
Introduction
It is proposed to construct a bridge of 22.0 m (c/c of expansion joints)
The proposed deck width of the bridge is 12.9m with carriageway of 10.5m and crash barrier
with safety kerb on both sides.
The bridge is meant for three lane traffic with two sided camber.
The superstructure shall consist of simply supported cast-in-situ (CIP) RCC T - girder with
RCC deck slab, supported on Elastomeric bearings under each girder .
The design note presents the design of span of 22.0m c/c of expansion joints (having 21.0 m
c/c of bearing). All the four girders have been kept similar in geometry as well as in
reinforcement detail. Overall depth of superstructure is 1.9 m.
Code of reference
IRC: 5-1997
IRC: 6-2014
IRC: 112-2011
CHAPTER - 2
Design Data
2.1 Material
Grade of concrete superstructure M - 35 R.C.C.
crash barrier M - 40 R.C.C.
approach slab M - 35 R.C.C.
kerb M - 35 R.C.C.
Grade of flexure reinforcement Fe 500

Grade of shear reinforcement Fe 500
2.2 Structural Data

Type of superstructure RCC T-beam and slab
Type of expansion joint Single stripseal type
Type of bearing Elastomeric bearings
2.3 Dimensional Data

span c/c of expansion joints 22.00
span c/c of bearings 21.00
depth of superstructure at formation level 1.90
depth of longitudinal girder 1.675
thickness of wearing coat 0.065
c/c of bearing and expansion joint 0.500
total width of superstructure 12.90
width of carriageway 10.50
Dimension of footpath on RHS (B X H) 0.000 x 0
Dimension of footpath on LHS (B X H) 0.000 x 0
Dimension of crash barrier on RHS (B X H) 0.450 x 0.8
Dimension of crash barrier on LHS (B X H) 0.450 x 0.8
Dimension of railing on RHS (B X H) 0.000 x 0.0
Dimension of railing on LHS (B X H) 0.000 x 0
Dimension of safety kerb on LHS (B X H) 0.750 x 0.3
Dimension of safety kerb on RHS (B X H) 0.750 x 0.3
C/C distance between girders 3.000
Cantilever projection of slab from c/c of outer girder 1.950
Total no. of longitudnal girders 4
Total no. of cross girders 2
2.4 Live load Data
For 3 lane carriageway structure, as per IRC 6-2014 following load

combinations shall be considered and the governing combination shall be
adopted for design while all other combinations shall be verified:
i.ClassA+ ClassA+ ClassA iii.Class 70 R(Tracked)+ ClassA

ii.Class 70 R(Wheeled)+ ClassA iv.Class 70 R(Bogie)+ ClassA
2.5 Material property Data
3
unit weight of concrete 25.000 kN/m
unit weight of wearing coat 22.000 kN/m3
2.6 Calculation units

m, kN-m, MPa unless otherwise specified.
CHAPTER - 3
Idealisation of Structure
The structure has been idealised in following way for different types of analysis:
For the longitudinal analysis (dead load, superimposed dead load and live
load),grillage methodology has been adopted . Section properties of longitudinal
girders have been calculated and same applied in STAAD.The longitudinal
girders have been assigned the stiffness as calculated by considering effective
flange width of the T girder taking into account the portion of slab contributing to
effective flange width of the T girder. The crossbeams have been similarly
provided the stiffness based on the section properties calculated while all other
elements have been provided minimum stiffness.The stiffness of superimposed
dead load has also been ignored. For live load analysis of girder, maximum
number of combinations have been identified to do an analysis in STAAD (as
given in STAAD input file, Annexures). Live load analysis for deck slab has also
been done in the same way with the concept of effective width calculation as
given in IRC: 112-2011
Fig 3.1 Grillage Modelling

CHAPTER - 4
3D model in STAAD
The mathematical model of the structure in STAAD has been shown below:
Fig 4.1 Grillage Model (Main Girder & Crossgirder View)
4.1 Detail of Longitudnal Girders
S No. Girder No Beam No

1 G1 37 to 54
2 G2 73 to 90
3 G3 109 to 126
4 G4 145 to 162
4.2 Detail of Cross Girders
S No. CrossGirder No Beam No

1 C1 238,257,276,295,314,333
2 C2 254,273,292,311,330,349
CHAPTER - 5
Girder Properties
y axis
x axis
z axis
Axis indicating respective directions for calculation of section properties.

These are assumed to pass through the CG of the section.
5.1 Outer girder .
5.1.1 Outer girder with cantilever on one side near support.
1.95 1.5
0.225
0.3
0.075 A 1.85
0.15
1.65 0.15 0.075 Iz 0.64
Iy 0.87
1.9 Ix 0.12
1.525
0.6
5.1.2 Outer girder with cantilever on one side (tapered part).
1.95 1.5
0.3 0.225
0.075 0.15 0.075
1.65 0.225
1.9 1.125 A 1.66

0.075 Iz 0.6
Iy 0.85
0.15
Ix 0.23
0.25
0.45
0.6
5.1.3 Outer girder with cantilever on one side (middle section).
1.95 1.5
0.3 0.225
0.075 0.15 0.075
1.8 0.3
1.9 1.125 A 1.47

0.15 Iz 0.55
Iy 0.84
0.15 Ix 0.16
0.25
0.3
0.6
5.2 Inner girder
5.2.1 Inner girder near support.
1.5 1.5
0.225
A 1.7
0.15 Iz 0.67
0.15 Iy 0.54
1.9 Ix 0.13
1.525
0.6
5.2.2 Inner girder tapered part.
1.5 1.5
0.225
0.15 0.225 A 1.51

Iz 0.56
1.9 1.125 Iy 0.52
Ix 0.04
0.075
0.15
0.25
0.45
0.6
5.2.3 Inner girder middle part.
1.5 1.5
0.225
0.3 0.15 A 1.32
Iz 0.53
1.9 1.125 Iy 0.51
Ix 0.02
0.15
0.15
0.25
0.3
0.6
CHAPTER - 6
Loads Considered
6.1 Dead Load
S.No Description b h Area Density Load Load

2 3 2
(m) (m) (m ) (kN/m ) (kN/m) (kN/m ) Type
AS UDL AS
1 SIDL(w/o surfacing) FLOOR
Railing 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 UDL

Kerb 0.75 0.30 0.23 25.00 5.63 7.5 UDL
Crash Barrier 0.45 0.80 0.36 25.00 9.00 UDL
Footpath 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 0 UDL
2 SIDL(only surfacing)
Wearing Coat 0.065 22.00 1.43 FLOOR
3 Outer Girder with deck slab
End Section 1.9 25.0 46.3 UDL

Tapered Section 1.7 25.0 41.5 UDL
Mid Section 1.5 25.0 36.7 UDL
4 Inner Girder with deck slab
End Section 1.7 25.0 42.5 UDL

Tapered Section 1.5 25.0 37.8 UDL
Mid Section 1.3 25.0 33.0 UDL
6.2 Live Load
For three lane carriageway structure, as per IRC 6-2014 (Table 2) following load
combinations shall be considered and the governing combination shall be adopted for
design ,while all other combinations shall be verified:
ClassA+ ClassA+ ClassA

Class 70 R(wheeled)+ ClassA
Class 70 R(tracked)+ ClassA
Class 70 R(bogie)+ ClassA
Various cases for live load combinations depending upon the transverse position of the
loads on the carriageway are checked. The case producing maximum force resultants
for a particular girder is the governing case for that girder.It is not necesarry that only
one case will be governing for all the girders.Different cases may be governing for
different girders .Also the case producing maximum bending moment for a particular
girder may not be the governing case for shear for that girder.Thus a detailed analysis
shall be done and critical force resultants shall be tabulated.
6.3 Footpath Live Load IRC:6-2014 Cl.206.3
(i) For effective span of 7.5 m or less, footway live load P = 500 kg/m2 or 400 kg/m2
as the case may be.
(ii) For effective span of over 7.5 m but not exceeding 30 m, the intensity of load
where
2
P' = 500 or 400 kg/m
L= Effective span of main
girder (m)
W = Width of Footway
S.No. Description Effective P' Footway Width Intensity Intensity

2 2
Span(m) (kg/m ) (m) (kg/m2) (kN/m )
1 Footpath LL (RHS) 21.00 500 0.75 440.00 4.4000
6.4 Load application in staad.
Fig 6.1 Load due to self weight of girders

Fig 6.2 Load due to SIDL(w/o wearing coat)
Fig 6.3 Load due to wearing coat only

CHAPTER - 7
Analysis Results
Analysis results have been tabulated only for girders G1 and G2 due to symmetrical
loading and girder arrangement about the centre line of the cross section.
7.1 Results due to Self Weight
Self weight
Dist fr G1/G4 G2/G3
exp SF +ve BM +ve SF -ve BM-ve SF +ve BM +ve SF -ve BM-ve
0.0 0.0 0.6 -0.6 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 -0.7
0.5 393.0 11.6 0.0 0.0 357.4 0.0 0.0 -0.7
1.0 369.9 0.0 0.0 -179.1 336.2 0.0 0.0 -174.2
2.0 328.6 0.0 0.0 -528.3 298.4 0.0 0.0 -491.6
3.5 273.7 0.0 0.0 -979.9 248.8 0.0 0.0 -902.1
5.0 219.0 0.0 0.0 -1349.3 199.1 0.0 0.0 -1238.2
6.5 181.2 0.0 0.0 -1548.0 149.3 0.0 0.0 -1499.7
8.0 164.2 0.0 0.0 -1636.4 99.5 0.0 0.0 -1686.6
9.5 109.5 0.0 0.0 -1841.5 49.7 0.0 0.0 -1798.7
11.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 -2005.5 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -1836.1
7.2 Results due to SIDL (without wearing coat)
SIDL (without wearing coat)

Dist fr G1/G4 G2/G3
0.0 0.0 0.0 -21.2 -7.4 5.6 0.0 0.0 -4.6
0.5 137.6 33.5 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 -38.3
1.0 130.4 0.0 0.0 -36.4 3.9 0.0 0.0 -40.4
2.0 116.3 0.0 0.0 -168.0 3.8 0.0 0.0 -44.4
3.5 96.1 0.0 0.0 -343.0 3.4 0.0 0.0 -50.1
5.0 74.3 0.0 0.0 -487.3 2.9 0.0 0.0 -55.3
6.5 52.7 0.0 0.0 -598.8 2.2 0.0 0.0 -59.8
8.0 31.5 0.0 0.0 -677.9 1.4 0.0 0.0 -63.2
9.5 10.5 0.0 0.0 -725.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 -65.3
11.0 0.0 0.0 -10.5 -740.9 0.0 0.0 -0.5 -66.0
7.3 Results due to SIDL (only wearing coat)
SIDL (only wearing coat)

Dist fr G1/G4 G2/G3
0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.2 -0.9 0.0
0.5 38.1 0.0 0.0 -1.7 42.2 1.3 0.0 0.0
1.0 36.2 0.0 0.0 -20.8 40.4 0.0 0.0 -19.9
2.0 32.2 0.0 0.0 -56.7 35.9 0.0 0.0 -60.0
3.5 26.5 0.0 0.0 -103.8 29.4 0.0 0.0 -112.6
5.0 20.8 0.0 0.0 -142.4 23.0 0.0 0.0 -155.6
6.5 15.1 0.0 0.0 -172.4 16.7 0.0 0.0 -188.9
8.0 9.4 0.0 0.0 -193.9 10.3 0.0 0.0 -212.7
9.5 3.6 0.0 0.0 -206.7 4.0 0.0 0.0 -227.0
11.0 0.0 0.0 -2.1 -211.0 0.0 0.0 -2.4 -231.7
7.4 Results due to Vehicular LL(after impact and longitudnal reduction)
Impact For Class A 1.16 Impact For Class 70R(T) 1.1

Impact For Class 70R(W) 1.16
Long. reduction Factor :- For three lane carriageway , 10% reduction
LIVE LOAD(Vehicle)
Dist fr G1/G4 G2/G3
0.0 3.0 2.7 -81.7 -3.5 1.4 16.0 -165.8 -1.9
0.5 345.5 46.0 -0.4 -36.7 453.3 170.9 -0.3 -26.9
1.0 329.1 45.0 -0.4 -200.2 434.1 49.0 -0.3 -168.8
2.0 317.4 43.0 -3.0 -519.4 412.5 42.9 -4.6 -577.0
3.5 279.5 39.9 -15.6 -933.4 363.1 39.0 -22.2 -1115.6
5.0 244.5 36.7 -30.1 -1285.6 313.7 35.4 -39.3 -1551.4
6.5 206.6 33.6 -47.8 -1560.7 264.9 31.7 -64.5 -1906.8
8.0 167.2 30.4 -73.0 -1772.2 216.9 28.3 -94.6 -2147.3
9.5 129.7 27.0 -102.5 -1903.3 170.6 25.1 -128.6 -2304.7
11.0 91.6 23.8 -137.1 -1954.1 123.7 21.9 -171.7 -2342.0
7.5 Factors for Limit State Design
Factors for limit state design

Type of load ULS SLS
Rare Quasi- Freq
perm
Dead load 1.35 1 1 1
SIDL-except surfacing 1.35 1 1 1
SIDL-surfacing 1.75 1 1 1
Live load-leading 1.5 1 0 0.75
Live load accompanying 1.15 0.75 0 0.2
Cross Girder Reactions
Node no. 40 78 116 154
SW 417.90 377.50 377.50 417.90
SIDL 259.40 -98.40 -98.40 259.40
Wearing 41.00 47.50 47.50 41.00
7.6 Design forces for ULS
DESIGN FORCES
Dist fr G1/G4 G2/G3
0.0 4.5 4.9 -153.8 -16.2 10.4 24.3 -250.3 -10.0
0.5 1301.2 129.9 -0.6 -58.1 1241.7 258.6 -0.5 -93.1
1.0 1232.4 67.5 -0.6 -627.7 1181.0 73.4 -0.5 -577.8
2.0 1133.0 64.5 -4.5 -1818.3 1089.5 64.4 -6.9 -1694.1
3.5 964.8 59.8 -23.3 -3367.7 936.6 58.6 -33.4 -3155.9
5.0 799.1 55.1 -45.1 -4657.0 783.5 53.1 -58.9 -4345.6
6.5 652.1 50.4 -71.7 -5540.9 631.0 47.6 -96.8 -5296.0
8.0 531.5 45.6 -109.5 -6121.9 479.7 42.4 -141.9 -5955.4
9.5 362.8 40.6 -153.8 -6681.7 330.7 37.6 -192.9 -6370.8
11.0 137.6 35.7 -223.5 -7008.0 185.6 32.9 -262.8 -6486.3
From the above table ,it can be seen that G1/G4 is more critical than G2/G3 in flexure
as well as in shear.
7.7 Design forces for SLS (rare combination)
DESIGN FORCES FOR SLS(Rare)

Dist fr G1/G4 G2/G3
0.0 3.0 3.3 -104.5 -11.4 7.6 16.2 -166.7 -7.2
0.5 914.2 91.1 -0.4 -38.4 856.9 172.2 -0.3 -65.9
1.0 865.6 45.0 -0.4 -436.5 814.6 49.0 -0.3 -403.3
2.0 794.5 43.0 -3.0 -1272.4 750.6 42.9 -4.6 -1173.0
3.5 675.8 39.9 -15.6 -2360.1 644.7 39.0 -22.2 -2180.4
5.0 558.6 36.7 -30.1 -3264.6 538.7 35.4 -39.3 -3000.5
6.5 455.6 33.6 -47.8 -3879.9 433.1 31.7 -64.5 -3655.2
8.0 372.3 30.4 -73.0 -4280.4 328.1 28.3 -94.6 -4109.8
9.5 253.3 27.0 -102.5 -4676.7 224.8 25.1 -128.6 -4395.7
11.0 91.8 23.8 -149.7 -4911.5 123.7 21.9 -174.8 -4475.8
CHAPTER - 8
Design of Girders for Flexure
8.1 General design data
Material Property:
Grade of concrete f ck 35
Partial safety factor for concrete Basic & Siesmic σcbc 1.5
Partial safety factor for steel Basic & Siesmic ϒs 1.15
Grade of flexure reinforcement f y .flex 500
Grade of shear reinforcement f y .shear 500
Design tensile strength of flexure reinforcement fyd 434.8
Design yield strength of shear reinforcement fywd 347.83
Design compressive strength of concrete fcd 15.63
Modulus of elasticity of concrete Ec 32000
Modulus of elasticity of reinforcement E 2E+05
Density of concrete 25
Density of wearing coat 22
Ultimate compressive strain in flexure εcu2 0.0035
Tensile strength of concrete f ctm 2.80
Design constants:
modular ratio ( E/Ecm) m 6.25
neutral axis depth factor x/d 0.46
moment of resistance factor Q 4.68
2
moment of resistance Mr = Q bf d
where bf flange width
d effective depth
Ast Area of tension reinforcement
clear cover to reinforcement co 40 mm

minimum area of reinforcement in beam A st.min.beam 0.13 %
dia of stirrup stir.dia 12 mm
effective span of girder L 21.00 m
c/c spacing between girders s 3 m
web width of girder at support width.g.1 600 mm
bottom width of girder width.g.2 600 mm
effective flange width of T-girder b eff 3.0 m
effective width of cross girder 1.6 m
dia of spacer bar dsb 32
0.500 Cross-girder effective width
lo 3
b1 0.500
b2 10.3
0.300 b eff1 0.4
b eff2 0.6
b eff 1.6
0.400
8.2 Design of Girder G1/G4 (As per ULS)
a) For Sagging Moment
Section Considered
Layer No L/8 L/4 L/2
From 2.625 5.25 10.5
Bottom Dia No. CG Dia No. CG Dia No. CG
1 32 5 73 32 5 73 32 5 73
2 32 5 137 32 5 137 32 5 137
3 32 3 201 32 4 201 32 4 201
4 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 2 265
5 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0
6 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0
Section Considered L/8 L/4 L/2

2.6 5.3 10.5
2
Ast ,mm 10455 11259 12868
CG (bot) 127 132 149
Web thk 300 300 300
Eff Depth 1773 1768 1751
NA Depth 120 130 148
Dslab 225 225 225 Since depth of slab is more than depth of
neutral axis,hence neutral axis lies inside
Design Moment -2500 -5000 -7008
the flange
Deff Req 422.1 597.0 706.8
Ast ,req 3272 6624.3 9448
NA max 816 813.08 805.46
Mres1 -44092 -43830 -43012
Mres2 -7837 -8395 -9458
CHECKS
1.Check for moment capacity
Mdesign -2500 -5000 -7008

Mcapacity -7837 -8395 -9458
Status OK OK OK
2.Check for area of steel
Ast ,req 3272 6624.3 9448

Ast ,prov 10455 11259 12868
Ast ,min 775.6 773.3 766.0
Ast ,max 36675 36675 36675
Status OK OK OK
3.Check for deff
deff req 422.1 597.0 706.8

deff available 1773 1767.6 1751.0
Status OK OK OK
4.Check for spacing
Smin 32.0 32.0 32.0

Sprov in L1 113.5 113.5 113.5
Sprov in L2 113.5 113.5 113.5
Sprov in L3 227.0 151.3 151.3
Sprov in L4 ---- ---- 454.0
Sprov in L5 ---- ---- ----
Sprov in L6 ---- ---- ----
Status OK OK OK
5.Check for Neutral Axis depth
NA act 120.3 129.6 148.1

NA max 815.5 813.1 805.5
Status OK OK OK
b) For Hogging Moment

Section Considered
Description Units 0L deff
m 0 1.77
Design Moment kN m 115.1 65
Web width mm 600 300
Overall Depth mm 1900 1900
Dia of bar mm 25 25
Deff available mm 1830.5 1830.5
Deff Req mm 202.54 215.25
Ast ,req sq mm 179 101
Ast ,min sq mm 1602 801
No of bars 4 4
Ast ,prov sq mm 1963 1963
Check for Ast OK OK
8.3 Design of Girder G2/G3 (As per ULS)
a) For Sagging Moment
Section Considered
From 2.625 5.25 11
1 32 5 73 32 5 73 32 5 73
2 32 5 137 32 5 137 32 5 137
3 32 3 201 32 4 201 32 4 201
4 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 2 265
5 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0
6 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0
Section Considered L/8 L/4 L/2

2.625 5.25 10.5
2
Ast ,mm 10455 11259 12868
CG (bot) 127 132.43 149
Web thk 300 300.00 300
Eff Depth 1773 1768 1751
NA depth 120 129.57 148
Dslab 225 225.00 225 Since depth of slab is more than depth of
neutral axis,hence neutral axis lies inside
Design Moment -2500 -5000 -6486
the flange
Deff Req 422.1 597.0 680.0
Ast ,req 3272 6624.3 8727
NA max 816 813.08 805.46
Mres1 -44092 -43830 -43012
Mres2 -7837 -8395 -9458
CHECKS
CHECKS
1.Check for moment capacity
Mdesign -2500 -5000 -6486

Mcapacity -7837 -8395 -9458
Status OK OK OK
2.Check for area of steel
Ast ,req 3272 6624 8727

Ast ,prov 10455 11259 12868
Ast ,min 775.6 773 766
Ast ,max 36675 36675 36675
Status OK OK OK
3.Check for deff
deff req 422.1 597.0 680.0

deff available 1773 1767.6 1751.0
Status OK OK OK
4.Check for spacing
Smin 32.0 32.0 32.0

Sprov in L1 113.5 113.5 113.5
Sprov in L2 113.5 113.5 113.5
Sprov in L3 227.0 151.3 151.3
Sprov in L4 ---- ---- 454.0
Sprov in L5 ---- ---- ----
Sprov in L6 ---- ---- ----
Status OK OK OK
5.Check for Neutral Axis depth
NA act 120.3 129.6 148.1

NA max 815.5 813.1 805.5
Status OK OK OK
b) For Hogging Moment
Section Considered
Description Units 0L deff
m 0 1.77
Design Moment kN m 259 74
Dia of bar mm 25 25
Deff available mm 1831 1830.5
Deff Req mm 304 230
Ast ,req mm2 403.2 115.19
2
Ast ,min mm 1602 801
No of bars 4 4
2
Ast ,prov mm 1963 1963.5
Check for Ast OK OK
CHAPTER - 9
Design of Girders for Shear Force
9.1 General terms and notations used
Design shear resistance of the member VRd.c

without shear reinforcement
The design value of maximum shear force VRd.max

which can be sustained by the member
limited by crushing of the compression
struts
Design value of shear force which can VRd.s

be sustained by the yielding shear
reinforcement
Shear Resistance of the member VRd

with shear reinforcement
Minimum breadth of the section

over the depth bw
Area of shear reinforcement at a Asw

section
Concrete compressive stress at the

centroidal axis due to axial loading σcp 0
or prestressing
Design value of concrete strength

in compression fcd
Minimum Shear Reinforcement ρmin
Lever Arm (0.9 times Effective z

Depth for RCC)
Strength Reduction factor for v1

concrete cracked in shear
Coefficient taking account of the αcw

state of stress in the compression
chord
9.2 Shear Check for girder (G1/G4)
Section Considered
Layer No 0 Deff L/8 L/4 L/2
From 0 1.773 2.625 5.25 10.5
Bottom Dia No. CG Dia No. CG Dia No. CG Dia No. CG Dia No. CG
1 32 5 73 32 5 73 32 5 73 32 5 73 32 5 73
2 32 5 137 32 5 137 32 5 137 32 5 137 32 5 137
3 32 3 201 32 3 201 32 3 201 32 4 201 32 4 201
4 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 2 265
5 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0
6 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0
2
Ast ,mm 10455.2 10455.2 10455.2 11259.5 12868.0
CG (bot) 127.2 127.2 127.2 132.4 149.0
Dist 0 1.77 2.625 5.25 10.5

Shear 1301.20 1200.00 1000.00 698.00 138.00
Eff Depth 1772.85 1772.85 1772.85 1767.57 1751.00
Web wid 600 300 300 300 300
K 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34
ρ1 0.0098 0.0197 0.0197 0.0200 0.0200
σcp 0 0 0 0 0
VRd.cmin 301 151 151 150 149
VRd.c 509.17 320.02 320.02 321.00 318.37
CHECK reqd. reqd. reqd. reqd. Not reqd.
Type Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical
α 90 90 90 90 90
Area of shear reinforcement (provided)
Spacing 175 175 175 175 175
dia 12 12 12 12 12
No. of Leg 2 2 2 2 2
Asw 226.19 226.19 226.19 226.19 226.19
ρprovided 0.00215 0.00431 0.00431 0.00431 0.00431
Calculation of VRd.s
θ (deg) 22 22 22 22 22
Cot θ 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47
z 1595.56 1595.56 1595.56 1590.81 1575.90
VRd.s 2549.16 2549.16 2549.16 2541.58 2517.75
Calculation of VRd.max
Tan θ 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40
v1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
αcw 1 1 1 1 1
z 1595.56 1595.56 1595.56 1590.81 1575.90
VRd.max 3122.17 1561.08 1561.08 1556.44 1541.85
Calculation of VRd = min ( VRd.s & VRd.max)
VRd 2549.16 1561.08 1561.08 1556.44 1541.85
CHECKS
1 For area of shear reinforcement

ρmin 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085
ρprovided 0.00215 0.00431 0.00431 0.00431 0.00431
Status OK OK OK OK OK
2 For spacing of shear reinforcement
smax 442.5 885.0 885.0 885.0 885.0
sprovided 175.0 175.0 175.0 175.0 175.0
3 For capacity of shear reinforced section
Design SF 1301.2 1200.0 1000.0 698.0 138.0
VRd 2549.2 1561.1 1561.1 1556.4 1541.8
9.3 Shear Check for girder (G2/G3)
Section Considered
Layer No 0 Deff L/8 L/4 L/2
From 0 1.773 2.625 5.25 10.5
Bottom Dia No. CG Dia No. CG Dia No. CG Dia No. CG Dia No. CG
1 32 5 73 32 5 73 32 5 73 32 5 73 32 5 73
2 32 5 137 32 5 137 32 5 137 32 5 137 32 5 137
3 32 3 201 32 3 201 32 3 201 32 4 201 32 4 201
4 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 2 265
5 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0
6 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0 32 0 0
2
Ast ,mm 10455.2 10455.2 10455.2 11259.5 12868.0
CG (bot) 127.2 127.2 127.2 132.4 149.0
Dist 0 1.77 2.625 5.25 10.5

Shear 1242.00 1100.00 1000.00 702.00 185.60
Eff Depth 1772.85 1772.85 1772.85 1767.57 1751.00
Web wid 600 300 300 300 300
K 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34
ρ1 0.0098 0.0197 0.0197 0.0200 0.0200
σcp 0 0 0 0 0
VRd.cmin 301 151 151 150 149
VRd.c 509.17 320.02 320.02 321.00 318.37
CHECK REQ REQ REQ REQ NOT REQ
Type Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical
α 90 90 90 90 90
Area of shear reinforcement (provided)
Spacing 175 175 175 175 175
dia 12 12 12 12 12
No. of Leg 2 2 2 2 2
Asw 226.19 226.19 226.19 226.19 226.19
ρprovided 0.00215 0.00431 0.00431 0.00431 0.00431
Calculation of VRd.s
θ (deg) 22 22 22 22 22
Cot θ 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47 2.47
z 1595.56 1595.56 1595.56 1590.81 1575.90
VRd.s 2549.16 2549.16 2549.16 2541.58 2517.75
Calculation of VRd.max
Tan θ 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40
v1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
αcw 1 1 1 1 1
z 1595.56 1595.56 1595.56 1590.81 1575.90
VRd.max 3122.17 1561.08 1561.08 1556.44 1541.85
Calculation of VRd = min ( VRd.s & VRd.max)
VRd 2549.16 1561.08 1561.08 1556.44 1541.85
CHECKS
1 For area of shear reinforcement

ρmin 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085 0.00085
ρprovided 0.00215 0.00431 0.00431 0.00431 0.00431
2 For spacing of shear reinforcement
smax 442.5 885.0 885.0 885.0 885.0
sprovided 175.0 175.0 175.0 175.0 175.0
3 For capacity of shear reinforced section
Design SF 1242.0 1100.0 1000.0 702.0 185.6
VRd 2549.2 1561.1 1561.1 1556.4 1541.8
CHAPTER - 10
Design of cross girders
10.1 General Design Data
Total length of cross girder 9 m

Distance between jacks 3.75 m
C/C distance b/w main girders 3 m
Overall depth of cross girder 1.5 m
Width of cross girder 0.4 m
10.2 Jacking condition
Support Conditions Continuous

Effective span of cross girder Ref: Cl 29 IS:456:2000 3.75
Dia of jacks 0.3
Clear length of girder 3.45
Effective span to overall depth 2.5
Type of beam Normal
1.5
0.75 2.25 1.50 1.5 2.25 0.75

1.95 1.95
3 3 3
Fig 1
10.2.1 Staad Modelling
The cross girder shall be designed as a continuous beam with reactions on girders due to
all loads except live load ,acting as point load along with cross girder self weight acting
as uniformly distributed load.Also the jack locations are modelled as pinned supports in
staad( as shown in Fig 2).The resultant forces obtained after staad analysis are tabulated
for which the cross girder shall be designed
R1 R2 R3 R4
0.75 3.75 3.75 0.75

Factored Reaction summary due to self weight and sidl
Sno. Load R1 R2 R3 R4
1 SW 564.165 509.625 509.625 564.165
2 SIDL 350.19 -132.84 -132.84 350.19
3 WC 71.75 83.125 83.125 71.75
Total 986.105 459.91 459.91 986.105
Factored Self weight of cross girder
Sno. Width Height Area Density UDL
1 0.4 1.5 0.6 25 20.25
10.2.2 Results obtained after Staad analysis
Max Bending Moment (kNm)

Beam Self Weight of Cgirder DL+SIDL Total (factored)
- + - + - +
1 0.00 5.70 0.00 739.60 0.00 745.30
2 -18.80 30.10 -67.20 739.60 -86.00 769.70
3 -18.80 30.10 -67.20 739.60 -86.00 769.70
4 0.00 5.70 0.00 739.60 0.00 745.30
Design Hogging moment 769.7 kNm

Design Sagging moment -86 kNm
Max Shear Force(kN)

Beam Self Weight of Cgirder SIDL+DL Total (factored)
- + - + - +
1 -15.2 0.0 -986.1 0.0 -1001 0.0
2 -44.5 31.5 -91.2 368.7 -135.7 400.2
3 -31.5 44.5 -368.7 91.2 -400.2 135.7
4 0.0 15.2 0.0 986.1 0.0 1001.3
Design Shear force 1001.3 kN

Maximum jacking force required 1401.5 kN
10.2.3 Design for flexure
Section Considered
Description Units Hogging Sagging
m top bottom
Design Moment kN m 769.7 86
Dia of bar mm 20 20
Deff available mm 1433 1433
Deff Req mm 641.48 214.42
No of bars 8 4
Check for Ast OK OK
10.2.4 Design for shear
Flexural steel provided

Bottom Dia No. CG
layer -1 20 4 67
layer -2 20 0 0
2
Total Area of flexural steel Ast ,mm 1257
c.g of steel from bottom CG (bot) 67.00
Design Shear force (kN) V 1001.30
Effective Depth de 1433.00
Web width bw 400.00
Constant 'K' = 1+Sqrt (200/d) < = 2.0 K 1.37
% age of flexure rft. Ast/(bw.d) <= 0.02 ρ1 0.002
σcp 0.00
VRd.c min = (Vmin + 0.15 scp )bw * d 169.23
VRd.c = [0.12K (80p1.fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] bw .d 171.95
Criteria = Vrdc < Design Shear Force Shear Rft. Reqd.
Shear Reinforcement :
Type α Spacing dia legs Asw % steel
Vertical 90 200 12 2 226.19 0.0028
Shear Capacity
VRd.s VRd max VRd (min)
θ (deg) 22.000 θ (deg) 22.000
Cot θ 2.472 Tan θ 0.404
z 1289.700 z 1289.700
v1 0.600
αcw 1.000
VRd.s 1802.939 VRd.max 1682.442 1682.4
Checks for % age steel , Max Spacing & Shear Capacity

% age steel Spacing Shear acapcity.
ρmin 0.00085 smax 663.78 Design SF 1001.30
ρprovided 0.00283 sprovided 200 VRd 1682.4
Status OK Status OK Status OK
10.3 Service Condition
Main Girder spacing 3 m

Width of bearing 0.4 m
Clear Span 2.6 m
Effective Span 2.99 m
Effective span / overall depth 1.993
1.5
1.95 1.95
3 3 3
Fig 3
10.3.1 Staad Modelling
In case of service condition ,the crossgirder is modelled as a continuous beam spanning

between girder locations.The selfweight of cross girder acts as UDL and the reactions at
each girder from different loads are applied as point load at various girder locations .Also
various combinations of live load are transversely moved to produce maximum stress
resultants
R1 R2 R3 R4
3 3 3
Fig 4
Reaction summary due to self weight and sidl

Sno. Load R1 R2 R3 R4
1 SW 564.165 509.625 509.625 564.165
2 SIDL 350.19 -132.84 -132.84 350.19
3 WC 71.75 83.125 83.125 71.75
4 LL 70 R bogie , 2 lane class A moved transversly
Total 986.105 459.91 459.91 986.105
Self weight of cross girder
Sno. Width Height Area Density UDL
1 0.4 1.5 0.6 25 20.25
10.3.2 Results obtained after Staad analysis
Max Bending Moment (kNm)

Beam Self Weight of Cgirder DL+SIDL+LL Total
- + - + - +
1 -15.3 16.4 -84 70.7 -99.3 87.1
2 -8.4 16.4 -61.5 72.7 -69.9 89.1
3 -15.3 16.4 -88.5 72.7 -103.8 89.1
Design Hogging moment 89.1 kNm

Design Sagging moment -103.8 kNm
Max Shear Force(kN)

Beam Self Weight of Cgirder SIDL+LL+DL Total
- + - + - +
1 -35.8 24.9 -202.5 1128.9 -238.3 1153.8
2 -30.4 30.4 -191.1 621.4 -221.5 651.8
3 -24.9 35.8 -1161.6 635.5 -1186.5 671.3
Design Shear force 1186.5 kN
10.2.3 Design for flexure
Section Considered
Description Units Hogging Sagging
m top bottom
Design Moment kN m 89.1 103.8
Dia of bar mm 20 20
Deff available mm 1433 1433
Deff Req mm 218.25 235.57
No of bars 4 4
Check for Ast OK OK
10.2.4 Design for shear
Flexural steel provided

Bottom Dia No. CG
layer -1 20 4 67
layer -2 20 0 0
Total Area of flexural steel Ast ,mm2 1256.0

c.g of steel from bottom CG (bot) 67.00
Design Shear force (kN) V 1186.50
Effective Depth de 1433.00
Web width bw 400.00
Constant 'K' = 1+Sqrt (200/d) < = 2.0 K 1.37
% age of flexure rft. Ast/(bw.d) <= 0.02 ρ1 0.00
σcp 0.00
VRd.c min = (Vmin + 0.15 scp )bw * d 169.23
VRd.c = [0.12K (80p1.fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] bw .d 171.92
Criteria = Vrdc < Design Shear Force Shear Reinf reqd
Shear Reinforcement :
Type α Spacing dia legs Asw ρprovided
Vertical 90 200 12 2 226.19 0.0028
Shear Capacity
VRd.s VRd max VRd (min)
θ (deg) 22.000 θ (deg) 22.0
Cot θ 2.472 Tan θ 0.404
z 1289.700 z 1289.700
v1 0.600
αcw 1.000
VRd.s 1802.939 VRd.max 1682.442 1682.4
Checks for % age steel , Max Spacing & Shear Capacity

% age steel Spacing Shear acapcity.
ρmin 0.00085 smax 663.78 Design SF 1186.50
ρprovided 0.00283 sprovided 200 VRd 1682.4
Status OK Status OK Status OK
CHAPTER - 11
Temperature Stresses
11.1 Temperature Stresses
a.) Thermal stresses due to temperature rise at 0.5L for girder(G1 & G4)
Temperature stress at fibre due to rise in temperature is,

-∑ F - ∑M * Y + α.t.E
A I
∑ F = αE ∑ ( An.tn)
∑M = αE ∑ ( An.tn.yn)
An Area of nth zone

tn temperature of nth zone(at zone CG)
yn CG of nth zone from NA
α Co-efficient of thermal Expansion 1.20E-05 per deg C
E Elastic Modulus of concrete 32000 MPa
I Moment of Inertia
17.8
0.15
4
0.25
1.35
0.15
2.1
For positive temperature difference

h1 = 0.3h < 0.15m
= 0.15
h2 = 0.3h > 0.10m and < 0.25m

= 0.25
h3 = 0.3h < 0.15m

= 0.15
From Girder Property
Zone b D An tn
2
units m m m °C An.tn yn An.tn.yn
Deck
3.00 0.23 0.68 7.45 5.03 0.44 2.23
Below Deck
0.90 0.15 0.14 1.60 0.22 0.37 0.08
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00
Web
0.30 1.13 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.00
Bot Flange
0.15 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.96 0.00
0.30 0.15 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.00
0.60 0.25 0.15 0.35 0.01 1.13 0.06
total 1.37 5.25 2.36
2
∑ F = α E ∑ ( An.tn) = 1477.662 kN/m
A A
∑M = αE ∑ ( An.tn.yn) = 907.90 kNm
4
Ixx = 0.53 m
Stress Dist from t -∑ F -∑M.y α.t.E Temp

at section NA (y) A Ixx Stress remarks
2 2 2 2
from top °C kN/m kN/m kN/m N/mm
0.00 0.60 17.80 -1477.66 -1022.62 6835.20 4.33 C
0.23 0.37 2.80 -1477.66 -637.19 1075.20 -1.04 T
0.38 0.22 0.40 -1477.66 -380.24 153.60 -1.70 T
1.50 -0.90 0.00 -1477.66 1546.91 0.00 0.07 C
1.90 -1.30 2.10 -1477.66 2232.12 806.40 1.56 C
0.60 0.00 0.00 -1477.66 0.00 0.00 -1.48 T
b.) Thermal stresses due to temperature fall at 0.5L for girder(G1 & G4)
Temperature stress at fibre due to rise in temperature is,
where
An Area of nth zone

tn temperature of nth zone(at zone CG)
yn CG of nth zone from NA
α Co-efficient of thermal Expansion
E Elastic Modulus of concrete
-10.6
For reverse temperature difference
0.25
h1 = h4 = 0.2h < 0.25m 0.25
-0.7 h2 = h3 = 0.25h < 0.25m 0.25
0.25
0.9
0.25
-0.8
0.25
-6.6
Zone b D An tn
m m m2 °C An.tn yn An.tn.yn
Deck
3.00 0.23 0.68 -6.15 -4.15 0.44 -1.84
Below Deck
0.90 0.15 0.14 -0.56 -0.08 0.37 -0.03
0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.35 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.35 0.00 0.00 0.00
Web
0.30 1.13 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.00
Bot Flange
0.15 0.15 0.02 -3.76 -0.08 0.96 -0.08
0.30 0.15 0.05 -3.76 -0.17 0.93 -0.16
0.60 0.25 0.15 -3.70 -0.56 1.13 -0.63
total 1.37 -5.03 -2.73
2
= -1415.67 kN/m
= -1048.87 kNm
Stress Dist from t -∑ F -∑M.y α.t.E Temp
at section NA (y) A Ixx Stress remarks
2 2 2 2
from top °C kN/m kN/m kN/m N/mm
0.00 0.60 -10.60 1415.67 1181.40 -4070.40 -1.47 T
0.23 0.37 -1.69 1415.67 736.13 -648.96 1.50 C
0.38 0.22 -0.35 1415.67 439.28 -134.40 1.72 C
1.50 -0.90 -0.32 1415.67 -1787.10 -122.88 -0.49 T
1.90 -1.30 -6.60 1415.67 -2578.70 -2534.40 -3.70 T
0.60 0.00 0.00 1415.67 0.00 0.00 1.42 C
CHAPTER - 12
Limit State of Servicibilty
12.1 Deflection
Deflection check can be broadly classified into following two cases :-

i. Due to vehicular live load
ii. Due to sustained loading
a.Short term deflection
b.Deflection due to creep
c.Deflection due to shrinkage
For a simply supported beam , maximum deflection is given as 5 ML2/48EI

Where M = Design bending moment after applying suitable factors as per SLS
For deflection due to vehicular live load ,it is bending moment due to live load
alone.Similarly for deflection due to sustained load ,this is equal to the sum of bending
moments due to DL and SIDL, multiplied by corresponding factors as per SLS
L=Length of the girder i.e. distance between bearings
E=Modulus of elasticity of concrete.

For calculation of deflection due to creep E = Ec,eff=Ec / (1+Ф).
I=Moment of inertia of section
For deflection due to sustained loading cracked moment of inertia (equal to 70% of I)
shall be considered.For calculating moment of inertia, the section to be considered is
the combined section of girder with the slab at half the span.
Creep coefficient Pg 47 table 6.9 IRC 112 Ф 1.33

Relative humidity R.H 50
2 Es
Modulus of elasticity of steel N/mm 200000
2 Ec
Modulus of elasticity of concrete. N/mm 32000
2 Ec,eff
Eff Modulus of elasticity of conc N/mm 13734
Effective modular ratio 14.6
Autogenous shrinkage strain Pg 45 table 6.6 IRC 112. Ɛca 0.000045
Drying shrinkage strain Pg 46 table 6.8 IRC 112. Ɛcd' 0.000489
Final drying shrinkage strain Ɛcd 0.000355
First moment of area of the reinf
S 1.43E+07
about the centroid of the section
Moment of inertia of section I 5.30E+11
Cracked moment of inertia Icrack 3.71E+11
Area of crosssection Ac 1320000
Perimetre exposed to atmosphere mm u 6995.1
Notional size ho 377.4
Coefficient based on notional size Pg 45 table 6.7 IRC 112 kh,RH=50 0.725
(for simply supported) k3 = 0.125
Deflection M L E Icrack δ Check
due to Max Limit
kN m m N/mm2 mm4 mm mm
1.VehicleLL 2342 21 32000 3.710E+11 9.06 26.25 OK

2.DL
a)Short term 2957 21 32000 3.710E+11 11.44
b)Creep
i.aicc(perm) 2957 21 13734 3.710E+11 26.66
ii.ai(perm) 2957 21 32000 3.710E+11 11.44
iii.acc(perm) = aicc(perm) - ai(perm) = 15.22
c)Shrinkage Deflection due to shrinkage is given by k3 Ѱcs L2 8.64
Total Deflection due to sustained loads 35.30 35.0 precamber
12.2 Stress check
2
Permissible stresses in concrete = 0.48 * fck 16.8 N/mm
2
Permissible stresses in steel = 0.8* fy 400 N/mm
Description Symbol Units L/2 L/4 L/8
Design sagging moment Msls kN-m 4911.5 3500.0 1900.0
Available effective depth deff mm 1751.0 1767.6 1772.8
Depth of neutral axis Xu mm 148.1 129.6 120.3
Distance of top fibre from NA Ytop mm 148.1 129.6 120.3
Distance of CG of RI from NA Ybottom mm 1602.9 1638.0 1652.5
At top of slab
1.Due to design moment σslab top M N/mm2 1.96 1.22 0.62
σslab top Tr 2
2.Due to temperatue rise N/mm 4.33 4.33 4.33
3.Due to temperatue fall σslab top Tf N/mm2 -1.47 -1.47 -1.47
σslab top Sh 2
4.Due to Shrinkage N/mm 0.00 0.00 0.00
Combination (1+2) 6.30 5.56 4.95

Combination (1+3) 0.49 -0.25 -0.86
Combination (1+4) 1.96 1.22 0.62
Combination ( only 1) 1.96 1.22 0.62
Check OK OK OK
At level of extreme reinforcement
1.Due to design moment σextreme reinf M 21.22 15.45 8.46
2.Due to temperatue rise σextreme reinf Tr 1.56 1.56 1.56
3.Due to temperatue fall σextreme reinf Tf -3.70 -3.70 -3.70
4.Due to Shrinkage σextreme reinf Sh 0.00 0.00 0.00
Combination (1+2) 22.78 17.01 10.02

Combination (1+3) 17.52 11.76 4.77
Combination (1+4) 21.22 15.45 8.46
Combination ( only 1) 21.22 15.45 8.46
Check OK OK OK
12.3 Crack Width
Section Considered
From 2.63 5.25 10.5
1 32 5 73.0 32 5 73.0 32 5 73.0

2 32 5 137.0 32 5 137.0 32 5 137.0
3 32 3 201.0 32 4 201.0 32 4 201.0
4 32 0 0.0 32 0 0.0 32 2 265.0
5 32 0 0.0 32 0 0.0 32 0 0.0
6 32 0 0.0 32 0 0.0 32 0 0.0
2
Ast mm 10455.2 11259.5 12868.0
CG (bot) mm 127.2 132.4 149.0
bw mm 300.0 300.0 300.0
Total D mm 1900.0 1900.0 1900.0
Eff Depth mm 1772.8 1772.8 1772.8
NA depth mm 120.3 129.6 148.1
mm
32 32 32
MPa 8.46 15.45 21.22

hc,eff mm 317.88 317.88 317.88
2
Ac,eff mm 190731 190731 190731
0.05 0.06 0.07
Sr,max 252.24 245.15 233.63
f ct,eff MPa 2.80 2.80 2.80
ϵsm -ϵcm 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001
Wk mm 0.01 0.01 0.01
Limit W k mm 0.30 0.30 0.30
Status OK OK OK
APPENDIX - A
Staad Input File
A.1 Staad Input File for dead load analysis of longitudnal girders
STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 10-Jul-15
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0.5 0 0; 3 1 0 0; 4 2 0 0; 5 3.5 0 0; 6 5 0 0; 7 6.5 0 0; 8 8 0 0;
9 9.5 0 0; 10 11 0 0; 11 12.5 0 0; 12 14 0 0; 13 15.5 0 0; 14 17 0 0;
15 18.5 0 0; 16 20 0 0; 17 21 0 0; 18 21.5 0 0; 19 22 0 0; 20 0 0 0.825;
21 0.5 0 0.825; 22 1 0 0.825; 23 2 0 0.825; 24 3.5 0 0.825; 25 5 0 0.825;
26 6.5 0 0.825; 27 8 0 0.825; 28 9.5 0 0.825; 29 11 0 0.825; 30 12.5 0 0.825;
31 14 0 0.825; 32 15.5 0 0.825; 33 17 0 0.825; 34 18.5 0 0.825; 35 20 0 0.825;
36 21 0 0.825; 37 21.5 0 0.825; 38 22 0 0.825; 39 0 0 1.95; 40 0.5 0 1.95;
41 1 0 1.95; 42 2 0 1.95; 43 3.5 0 1.95; 44 5 0 1.95; 45 6.5 0 1.95;
46 8 0 1.95; 47 9.5 0 1.95; 48 11 0 1.95; 49 12.5 0 1.95; 50 14 0 1.95;
51 15.5 0 1.95; 52 17 0 1.95; 53 18.5 0 1.95; 54 20 0 1.95; 55 21 0 1.95;
56 21.5 0 1.95; 57 22 0 1.95; 58 0 0 3.45; 59 0.5 0 3.45; 60 1 0 3.45;
61 2 0 3.45; 62 3.5 0 3.45; 63 5 0 3.45; 64 6.5 0 3.45; 65 8 0 3.45;
66 9.5 0 3.45; 67 11 0 3.45; 68 12.5 0 3.45; 69 14 0 3.45; 70 15.5 0 3.45;
71 17 0 3.45; 72 18.5 0 3.45; 73 20 0 3.45; 74 21 0 3.45; 75 21.5 0 3.45;
76 22 0 3.45; 77 0 0 4.95; 78 0.5 0 4.95; 79 1 0 4.95; 80 2 0 4.95;
81 3.5 0 4.95; 82 5 0 4.95; 83 6.5 0 4.95; 84 8 0 4.95; 85 9.5 0 4.95;
86 11 0 4.95; 87 12.5 0 4.95; 88 14 0 4.95; 89 15.5 0 4.95; 90 17 0 4.95;
91 18.5 0 4.95; 92 20 0 4.95; 93 21 0 4.95; 94 21.5 0 4.95; 95 22 0 4.95;
96 0 0 6.45; 97 0.5 0 6.45; 98 1 0 6.45; 99 2 0 6.45; 100 3.5 0 6.45;
101 5 0 6.45; 102 6.5 0 6.45; 103 8 0 6.45; 104 9.5 0 6.45; 105 11 0 6.45;
106 12.5 0 6.45; 107 14 0 6.45; 108 15.5 0 6.45; 109 17 0 6.45;
110 18.5 0 6.45; 111 20 0 6.45; 112 21 0 6.45; 113 21.5 0 6.45; 114 22 0 6.45;
115 0 0 7.95; 116 0.5 0 7.95; 117 1 0 7.95; 118 2 0 7.95; 119 3.5 0 7.95;
120 5 0 7.95; 121 6.5 0 7.95; 122 8 0 7.95; 123 9.5 0 7.95; 124 11 0 7.95;
125 12.5 0 7.95; 126 14 0 7.95; 127 15.5 0 7.95; 128 17 0 7.95;
129 18.5 0 7.95; 130 20 0 7.95; 131 21 0 7.95; 132 21.5 0 7.95; 133 22 0 7.95;
134 0 0 9.45; 135 0.5 0 9.45; 136 1 0 9.45; 137 2 0 9.45; 138 3.5 0 9.45;
139 5 0 9.45; 140 6.5 0 9.45; 141 8 0 9.45; 142 9.5 0 9.45; 143 11 0 9.45;
144 12.5 0 9.45; 145 14 0 9.45; 146 15.5 0 9.45; 147 17 0 9.45;
148 18.5 0 9.45; 149 20 0 9.45; 150 21 0 9.45; 151 21.5 0 9.45; 152 22 0 9.45;
153 0 0 10.95; 154 0.5 0 10.95; 155 1 0 10.95; 156 2 0 10.95; 157 3.5 0 10.95;
158 5 0 10.95; 159 6.5 0 10.95; 160 8 0 10.95; 161 9.5 0 10.95; 162 11 0 10.95;
163 12.5 0 10.95; 164 14 0 10.95; 165 15.5 0 10.95; 166 17 0 10.95;
167 18.5 0 10.95; 168 20 0 10.95; 169 21 0 10.95; 170 21.5 0 10.95;
171 22 0 10.95; 172 0 0 12.075; 173 0.5 0 12.075; 174 1 0 12.075;
175 2 0 12.075; 176 3.5 0 12.075; 177 5 0 12.075; 178 6.5 0 12.075;
179 8 0 12.075; 180 9.5 0 12.075; 181 11 0 12.075; 182 12.5 0 12.075;
183 14 0 12.075; 184 15.5 0 12.075; 185 17 0 12.075; 186 18.5 0 12.075;
187 20 0 12.075; 188 21 0 12.075; 189 21.5 0 12.075; 190 22 0 12.075;
191 0 0 12.9; 192 0.5 0 12.9; 193 1 0 12.9; 194 2 0 12.9; 195 3.5 0 12.9;
196 5 0 12.9; 197 6.5 0 12.9; 198 8 0 12.9; 199 9.5 0 12.9; 200 11 0 12.9;
201 12.5 0 12.9; 202 14 0 12.9; 203 15.5 0 12.9; 204 17 0 12.9;
205 18.5 0 12.9; 206 20 0 12.9; 207 21 0 12.9; 208 21.5 0 12.9; 209 22 0 12.9;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8; 8 8 9; 9 9 10; 10 10 11;
11 11 12; 12 12 13; 13 13 14; 14 14 15; 15 15 16; 16 16 17; 17 17 18; 18 18 19;
19 20 21; 20 21 22; 21 22 23; 22 23 24; 23 24 25; 24 25 26; 25 26 27; 26 27 28;
27 28 29; 28 29 30; 29 30 31; 30 31 32; 31 32 33; 32 33 34; 33 34 35; 34 35 36;
35 36 37; 36 37 38; 37 39 40; 38 40 41; 39 41 42; 40 42 43; 41 43 44; 42 44 45;
43 45 46; 44 46 47; 45 47 48; 46 48 49; 47 49 50; 48 50 51; 49 51 52; 50 52 53;
51 53 54; 52 54 55; 53 55 56; 54 56 57; 55 58 59; 56 59 60; 57 60 61; 58 61 62;
59 62 63; 60 63 64; 61 64 65; 62 65 66; 63 66 67; 64 67 68; 65 68 69; 66 69 70;
67 70 71; 68 71 72; 69 72 73; 70 73 74; 71 74 75; 72 75 76; 73 77 78; 74 78 79;
75 79 80; 76 80 81; 77 81 82; 78 82 83; 79 83 84; 80 84 85; 81 85 86; 82 86 87;
83 87 88; 84 88 89; 85 89 90; 86 90 91; 87 91 92; 88 92 93; 89 93 94; 90 94 95;
91 96 97; 92 97 98; 93 98 99; 94 99 100; 95 100 101; 96 101 102; 97 102 103;
98 103 104; 99 104 105; 100 105 106; 101 106 107; 102 107 108; 103 108 109;
104 109 110; 105 110 111; 106 111 112; 107 112 113; 108 113 114; 109 115 116;
110 116 117; 111 117 118; 112 118 119; 113 119 120; 114 120 121; 115 121 122;
116 122 123; 117 123 124; 118 124 125; 119 125 126; 120 126 127; 121 127 128;
122 128 129; 123 129 130; 124 130 131; 125 131 132; 126 132 133; 127 134 135;
128 135 136; 129 136 137; 130 137 138; 131 138 139; 132 139 140; 133 140 141;
134 141 142; 135 142 143; 136 143 144; 137 144 145; 138 145 146; 139 146 147;
140 147 148; 141 148 149; 142 149 150; 143 150 151; 144 151 152; 145 153 154;
146 154 155; 147 155 156; 148 156 157; 149 157 158; 150 158 159; 151 159 160;
152 160 161; 153 161 162; 154 162 163; 155 163 164; 156 164 165; 157 165 166;
158 166 167; 159 167 168; 160 168 169; 161 169 170; 162 170 171; 163 172 173;
164 173 174; 165 174 175; 166 175 176; 167 176 177; 168 177 178; 169 178 179;
170 179 180; 171 180 181; 172 181 182; 173 182 183; 174 183 184; 175 184 185;
176 185 186; 177 186 187; 178 187 188; 179 188 189; 180 189 190; 181 191 192;
182 192 193; 183 193 194; 184 194 195; 185 195 196; 186 196 197; 187 197 198;
188 198 199; 189 199 200; 190 200 201; 191 201 202; 192 202 203; 193 203 204;
194 204 205; 195 205 206; 196 206 207; 197 207 208; 198 208 209; 199 1 20;
200 2 21; 201 3 22; 202 4 23; 203 5 24; 204 6 25; 205 7 26; 206 8 27; 207 9 28;
208 10 29; 209 11 30; 210 12 31; 211 13 32; 212 14 33; 213 15 34; 214 16 35;
215 17 36; 216 18 37; 217 19 38; 218 20 39; 219 21 40; 220 22 41; 221 23 42;
222 24 43; 223 25 44; 224 26 45; 225 27 46; 226 28 47; 227 29 48; 228 30 49;
229 31 50; 230 32 51; 231 33 52; 232 34 53; 233 35 54; 234 36 55; 235 37 56;
236 38 57; 237 39 58; 238 40 59; 239 41 60; 240 42 61; 241 43 62; 242 44 63;
243 45 64; 244 46 65; 245 47 66; 246 48 67; 247 49 68; 248 50 69; 249 51 70;
250 52 71; 251 53 72; 252 54 73; 253 55 74; 254 56 75; 255 57 76; 256 58 77;
257 59 78; 258 60 79; 259 61 80; 260 62 81; 261 63 82; 262 64 83; 263 65 84;
264 66 85; 265 67 86; 266 68 87; 267 69 88; 268 70 89; 269 71 90; 270 72 91;
271 73 92; 272 74 93; 273 75 94; 274 76 95; 275 77 96; 276 78 97; 277 79 98;
278 80 99; 279 81 100; 280 82 101; 281 83 102; 282 84 103; 283 85 104;
284 86 105; 285 87 106; 286 88 107; 287 89 108; 288 90 109; 289 91 110;
290 92 111; 291 93 112; 292 94 113; 293 95 114; 294 96 115; 295 97 116;
296 98 117; 297 99 118; 298 100 119; 299 101 120; 300 102 121; 301 103 122;
302 104 123; 303 105 124; 304 106 125; 305 107 126; 306 108 127; 307 109 128;
308 110 129; 309 111 130; 310 112 131; 311 113 132; 312 114 133; 313 115 134;
314 116 135; 315 117 136; 316 118 137; 317 119 138; 318 120 139; 319 121 140;
320 122 141; 321 123 142; 322 124 143; 323 125 144; 324 126 145; 325 127 146;
326 128 147; 327 129 148; 328 130 149; 329 131 150; 330 132 151; 331 133 152;
332 134 153; 333 135 154; 334 136 155; 335 137 156; 336 138 157; 337 139 158;
338 140 159; 339 141 160; 340 142 161; 341 143 162; 342 144 163; 343 145 164;
344 146 165; 345 147 166; 346 148 167; 347 149 168; 348 150 169; 349 151 170;
350 152 171; 351 153 172; 352 154 173; 353 155 174; 354 156 175; 355 157 176;
356 158 177; 357 159 178; 358 160 179; 359 161 180; 360 162 181; 361 163 182;
362 164 183; 363 165 184; 364 166 185; 365 167 186; 366 168 187; 367 169 188;
368 170 189; 369 171 190; 370 172 191; 371 173 192; 372 174 193; 373 175 194;
374 176 195; 375 177 196; 376 178 197; 377 179 198; 378 180 199; 379 181 200;
380 182 201; 381 183 202; 382 184 203; 383 185 204; 384 186 205; 385 187 206;
386 188 207; 387 189 208; 388 190 209;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
TYPE CONCRETE
STRENGTH FCU 27579
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
37 38 53 54 145 146 161 -
162 PRIS AX 1.85 AY 1.85 AZ 1.85 IX 0.123 IY 0.868 IZ 0.645
39 52 147 160 PRIS AX 1.658 AY 1.658 AZ 1.658 IX 0.231 IY 0.846 IZ 0.599
40 TO 51 148 TO 159 PRIS AX 1.467 AY 1.467 AZ 1.467 IX 0.159 IY 0.837 IZ 0.548
73 74 89 90 109 110 125 -
238 254 257 273 276 292 295 311 314 330 333 -
200 216 219 235 352 368 371 -
387 PRIS AX 0.035 AY 0.035 AZ 0.035 IX 0.000137 IY 4.56e-005 IZ 0.000228667
201 TO 215 220 TO 234 353 TO 367 372 TO 385 -
199 217 218 236 237 255 256 274 275 293 294 312 313 331 332 350 351 369 370 -
1 TO 18 181 TO 197 -
198 PRIS AX 0.028125 AY 0.028125 AZ 0.028125 IX 0.000101 IY 3.66e-005 -
IZ 0.000118652
19 TO 36 55 TO 72 91 TO 108 127 TO 144 163 TO 179 -
IZ 0.000118652
239 TO 253 258 TO 272 277 TO 291 296 TO 310 315 TO 329 334 TO 347 -
IZ 0.000118652
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
40 56 78 94 116 132 154 170 PINNED
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE SW
MEMBER LOAD
37 38 53 54 145 146 161 162 UNI GY -46.3
39 52 147 160 UNI GY -41.5
40 TO 51 148 TO 159 UNI GY -36.7
73 74 89 90 109 110 125 126 UNI GY -42.5
75 88 111 124 UNI GY -37.8
76 TO 87 112 TO 123 UNI GY -33
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL(W/O WEARING COAT
MEMBER LOAD
19 TO 36 163 TO 180 UNI GY -5.63
1 TO 18 181 TO 198 UNI GY -9
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL(WEARING COAT ONLY)
FLOOR LOAD
YRANGE 0 0 FLOAD -1.43 ZRANGE 0.825 12.075 GY
PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL
FINISH
A.2 Staad Input File for live load analysis of longitudnal girders
STAAD SPACE
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0.5 0 0; 3 1 0 0; 4 2 0 0; 5 3.5 0 0; 6 5 0 0; 7 6.5 0 0; 8 8 0 0;
9 9.5 0 0; 10 11 0 0; 11 12.5 0 0; 12 14 0 0; 13 15.5 0 0; 14 17 0 0;
15 18.5 0 0; 16 20 0 0; 17 21 0 0; 18 21.5 0 0; 19 22 0 0; 20 0 0 0.825;
21 0.5 0 0.825; 22 1 0 0.825; 23 2 0 0.825; 24 3.5 0 0.825; 25 5 0 0.825;
26 6.5 0 0.825; 27 8 0 0.825; 28 9.5 0 0.825; 29 11 0 0.825; 30 12.5 0 0.825;
31 14 0 0.825; 32 15.5 0 0.825; 33 17 0 0.825; 34 18.5 0 0.825; 35 20 0 0.825;
36 21 0 0.825; 37 21.5 0 0.825; 38 22 0 0.825; 39 0 0 1.95; 40 0.5 0 1.95;
41 1 0 1.95; 42 2 0 1.95; 43 3.5 0 1.95; 44 5 0 1.95; 45 6.5 0 1.95;
46 8 0 1.95; 47 9.5 0 1.95; 48 11 0 1.95; 49 12.5 0 1.95; 50 14 0 1.95;
51 15.5 0 1.95; 52 17 0 1.95; 53 18.5 0 1.95; 54 20 0 1.95; 55 21 0 1.95;
56 21.5 0 1.95; 57 22 0 1.95; 58 0 0 3.45; 59 0.5 0 3.45; 60 1 0 3.45;
61 2 0 3.45; 62 3.5 0 3.45; 63 5 0 3.45; 64 6.5 0 3.45; 65 8 0 3.45;
66 9.5 0 3.45; 67 11 0 3.45; 68 12.5 0 3.45; 69 14 0 3.45; 70 15.5 0 3.45;
71 17 0 3.45; 72 18.5 0 3.45; 73 20 0 3.45; 74 21 0 3.45; 75 21.5 0 3.45;
76 22 0 3.45; 77 0 0 4.95; 78 0.5 0 4.95; 79 1 0 4.95; 80 2 0 4.95;
81 3.5 0 4.95; 82 5 0 4.95; 83 6.5 0 4.95; 84 8 0 4.95; 85 9.5 0 4.95;
86 11 0 4.95; 87 12.5 0 4.95; 88 14 0 4.95; 89 15.5 0 4.95; 90 17 0 4.95;
91 18.5 0 4.95; 92 20 0 4.95; 93 21 0 4.95; 94 21.5 0 4.95; 95 22 0 4.95;
96 0 0 6.45; 97 0.5 0 6.45; 98 1 0 6.45; 99 2 0 6.45; 100 3.5 0 6.45;
101 5 0 6.45; 102 6.5 0 6.45; 103 8 0 6.45; 104 9.5 0 6.45; 105 11 0 6.45;
106 12.5 0 6.45; 107 14 0 6.45; 108 15.5 0 6.45; 109 17 0 6.45;
110 18.5 0 6.45; 111 20 0 6.45; 112 21 0 6.45; 113 21.5 0 6.45; 114 22 0 6.45;
115 0 0 7.95; 116 0.5 0 7.95; 117 1 0 7.95; 118 2 0 7.95; 119 3.5 0 7.95;
120 5 0 7.95; 121 6.5 0 7.95; 122 8 0 7.95; 123 9.5 0 7.95; 124 11 0 7.95;
125 12.5 0 7.95; 126 14 0 7.95; 127 15.5 0 7.95; 128 17 0 7.95;
129 18.5 0 7.95; 130 20 0 7.95; 131 21 0 7.95; 132 21.5 0 7.95; 133 22 0 7.95;
134 0 0 9.45; 135 0.5 0 9.45; 136 1 0 9.45; 137 2 0 9.45; 138 3.5 0 9.45;
139 5 0 9.45; 140 6.5 0 9.45; 141 8 0 9.45; 142 9.5 0 9.45; 143 11 0 9.45;
144 12.5 0 9.45; 145 14 0 9.45; 146 15.5 0 9.45; 147 17 0 9.45;
148 18.5 0 9.45; 149 20 0 9.45; 150 21 0 9.45; 151 21.5 0 9.45; 152 22 0 9.45;
153 0 0 10.95; 154 0.5 0 10.95; 155 1 0 10.95; 156 2 0 10.95; 157 3.5 0 10.95;
158 5 0 10.95; 159 6.5 0 10.95; 160 8 0 10.95; 161 9.5 0 10.95; 162 11 0 10.95;
163 12.5 0 10.95; 164 14 0 10.95; 165 15.5 0 10.95; 166 17 0 10.95;
167 18.5 0 10.95; 168 20 0 10.95; 169 21 0 10.95; 170 21.5 0 10.95;
171 22 0 10.95; 172 0 0 12.075; 173 0.5 0 12.075; 174 1 0 12.075;
175 2 0 12.075; 176 3.5 0 12.075; 177 5 0 12.075; 178 6.5 0 12.075;
179 8 0 12.075; 180 9.5 0 12.075; 181 11 0 12.075; 182 12.5 0 12.075;
183 14 0 12.075; 184 15.5 0 12.075; 185 17 0 12.075; 186 18.5 0 12.075;
187 20 0 12.075; 188 21 0 12.075; 189 21.5 0 12.075; 190 22 0 12.075;
191 0 0 12.9; 192 0.5 0 12.9; 193 1 0 12.9; 194 2 0 12.9; 195 3.5 0 12.9;
196 5 0 12.9; 197 6.5 0 12.9; 198 8 0 12.9; 199 9.5 0 12.9; 200 11 0 12.9;
201 12.5 0 12.9; 202 14 0 12.9; 203 15.5 0 12.9; 204 17 0 12.9;
205 18.5 0 12.9; 206 20 0 12.9; 207 21 0 12.9; 208 21.5 0 12.9; 209 22 0 12.9;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8; 8 8 9; 9 9 10; 10 10 11;
11 11 12; 12 12 13; 13 13 14; 14 14 15; 15 15 16; 16 16 17; 17 17 18; 18 18 19;
19 20 21; 20 21 22; 21 22 23; 22 23 24; 23 24 25; 24 25 26; 25 26 27; 26 27 28;
27 28 29; 28 29 30; 29 30 31; 30 31 32; 31 32 33; 32 33 34; 33 34 35; 34 35 36;
35 36 37; 36 37 38; 37 39 40; 38 40 41; 39 41 42; 40 42 43; 41 43 44; 42 44 45;
43 45 46; 44 46 47; 45 47 48; 46 48 49; 47 49 50; 48 50 51; 49 51 52; 50 52 53;
51 53 54; 52 54 55; 53 55 56; 54 56 57; 55 58 59; 56 59 60; 57 60 61; 58 61 62;
59 62 63; 60 63 64; 61 64 65; 62 65 66; 63 66 67; 64 67 68; 65 68 69; 66 69 70;
67 70 71; 68 71 72; 69 72 73; 70 73 74; 71 74 75; 72 75 76; 73 77 78; 74 78 79;
75 79 80; 76 80 81; 77 81 82; 78 82 83; 79 83 84; 80 84 85; 81 85 86; 82 86 87;
83 87 88; 84 88 89; 85 89 90; 86 90 91; 87 91 92; 88 92 93; 89 93 94; 90 94 95;
91 96 97; 92 97 98; 93 98 99; 94 99 100; 95 100 101; 96 101 102; 97 102 103;
98 103 104; 99 104 105; 100 105 106; 101 106 107; 102 107 108; 103 108 109;
104 109 110; 105 110 111; 106 111 112; 107 112 113; 108 113 114; 109 115 116;
110 116 117; 111 117 118; 112 118 119; 113 119 120; 114 120 121; 115 121 122;
116 122 123; 117 123 124; 118 124 125; 119 125 126; 120 126 127; 121 127 128;
122 128 129; 123 129 130; 124 130 131; 125 131 132; 126 132 133; 127 134 135;
128 135 136; 129 136 137; 130 137 138; 131 138 139; 132 139 140; 133 140 141;
134 141 142; 135 142 143; 136 143 144; 137 144 145; 138 145 146; 139 146 147;
140 147 148; 141 148 149; 142 149 150; 143 150 151; 144 151 152; 145 153 154;
146 154 155; 147 155 156; 148 156 157; 149 157 158; 150 158 159; 151 159 160;
152 160 161; 153 161 162; 154 162 163; 155 163 164; 156 164 165; 157 165 166;
158 166 167; 159 167 168; 160 168 169; 161 169 170; 162 170 171; 163 172 173;
164 173 174; 165 174 175; 166 175 176; 167 176 177; 168 177 178; 169 178 179;
170 179 180; 171 180 181; 172 181 182; 173 182 183; 174 183 184; 175 184 185;
176 185 186; 177 186 187; 178 187 188; 179 188 189; 180 189 190; 181 191 192;
182 192 193; 183 193 194; 184 194 195; 185 195 196; 186 196 197; 187 197 198;
188 198 199; 189 199 200; 190 200 201; 191 201 202; 192 202 203; 193 203 204;
194 204 205; 195 205 206; 196 206 207; 197 207 208; 198 208 209; 199 1 20;
200 2 21; 201 3 22; 202 4 23; 203 5 24; 204 6 25; 205 7 26; 206 8 27; 207 9 28;
208 10 29; 209 11 30; 210 12 31; 211 13 32; 212 14 33; 213 15 34; 214 16 35;
215 17 36; 216 18 37; 217 19 38; 218 20 39; 219 21 40; 220 22 41; 221 23 42;
222 24 43; 223 25 44; 224 26 45; 225 27 46; 226 28 47; 227 29 48; 228 30 49;
229 31 50; 230 32 51; 231 33 52; 232 34 53; 233 35 54; 234 36 55; 235 37 56;
236 38 57; 237 39 58; 238 40 59; 239 41 60; 240 42 61; 241 43 62; 242 44 63;
243 45 64; 244 46 65; 245 47 66; 246 48 67; 247 49 68; 248 50 69; 249 51 70;
250 52 71; 251 53 72; 252 54 73; 253 55 74; 254 56 75; 255 57 76; 256 58 77;
257 59 78; 258 60 79; 259 61 80; 260 62 81; 261 63 82; 262 64 83; 263 65 84;
264 66 85; 265 67 86; 266 68 87; 267 69 88; 268 70 89; 269 71 90; 270 72 91;
271 73 92; 272 74 93; 273 75 94; 274 76 95; 275 77 96; 276 78 97; 277 79 98;
278 80 99; 279 81 100; 280 82 101; 281 83 102; 282 84 103; 283 85 104;
284 86 105; 285 87 106; 286 88 107; 287 89 108; 288 90 109; 289 91 110;
290 92 111; 291 93 112; 292 94 113; 293 95 114; 294 96 115; 295 97 116;
296 98 117; 297 99 118; 298 100 119; 299 101 120; 300 102 121; 301 103 122;
302 104 123; 303 105 124; 304 106 125; 305 107 126; 306 108 127; 307 109 128;
308 110 129; 309 111 130; 310 112 131; 311 113 132; 312 114 133; 313 115 134;
314 116 135; 315 117 136; 316 118 137; 317 119 138; 318 120 139; 319 121 140;
320 122 141; 321 123 142; 322 124 143; 323 125 144; 324 126 145; 325 127 146;
326 128 147; 327 129 148; 328 130 149; 329 131 150; 330 132 151; 331 133 152;
332 134 153; 333 135 154; 334 136 155; 335 137 156; 336 138 157; 337 139 158;
338 140 159; 339 141 160; 340 142 161; 341 143 162; 342 144 163; 343 145 164;
344 146 165; 345 147 166; 346 148 167; 347 149 168; 348 150 169; 349 151 170;
350 152 171; 351 153 172; 352 154 173; 353 155 174; 354 156 175; 355 157 176;
356 158 177; 357 159 178; 358 160 179; 359 161 180; 360 162 181; 361 163 182;
362 164 183; 363 165 184; 364 166 185; 365 167 186; 366 168 187; 367 169 188;
368 170 189; 369 171 190; 370 172 191; 371 173 192; 372 174 193; 373 175 194;
374 176 195; 375 177 196; 376 178 197; 377 179 198; 378 180 199; 379 181 200;
380 182 201; 381 183 202; 382 184 203; 383 185 204; 384 186 205; 385 187 206;
386 188 207; 387 189 208; 388 190 209;
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
TYPE CONCRETE
STRENGTH FCU 27579
END DEFINE MATERIAL
37 38 53 54 145 146 161 -
73 74 89 90 109 110 125 -
238 254 257 273 276 292 295 311 314 330 333 -
200 216 219 235 352 368 371 -
201 TO 215 220 TO 234 353 TO 367 372 TO 385 -
199 217 218 236 237 255 256 274 275 293 294 312 313 331 332 350 351 369 370 -
1 TO 18 181 TO 197 -
IZ 0.000118652
19 TO 36 55 TO 72 91 TO 108 127 TO 144 163 TO 179 -
IZ 0.000118652
239 TO 253 258 TO 272 277 TO 291 296 TO 310 315 TO 329 334 TO 347 -
IZ 0.000118652
CONSTANTS
SUPPORTS
40 56 78 94 116 132 154 170 PINNED
DEFINE MOVING LOAD
*Class A
TYPE 1 LOAD 13.5 13.5 57 57 34 34 34 34
DIST 1.1 3.2 1.2 4.3 3 3 3 WID 1.8
*70R(T)
TYPE 2 LOAD 17.5 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 17.5
DIST 0.457 0.457 0.457 0.457 0.457 0.457 0.457 0.457 0.457 0.457 WID 2.06
*70R(W,l type)
TYPE 3 LOAD 20 30 30 42.5 42.5 42.5 42.5
DIST 3.96 1.52 2.13 1.37 3.05 1.37 WID 0.45
**********************LIVE LOAD CASES*************************************
*Case-1 3 Lane Class A most eccentric
LOAD GENERATION 90
TYPE 1 -18.8 0 10.4 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 90
TYPE 1 -18.8 0 6.9 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 90
TYPE 1 -18.8 0 3.4 XINC 0.5
*Case-2 1 Lane 70 R(W,l) +Class A most eccentric
LOAD GENERATION 90
TYPE 3 -13.4 0 2.645 XINC 0.5
TYPE 3 -13.4 0 4.575 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 90
TYPE 1 -18.8 0 8.030 XINC 0.5
*Case-3 70 R(T) +1 Lane Class A most eccentric
LOAD GENERATION 90
TYPE 1 -18.8 0 8.55 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 60
TYPE 2 -4.57 0 4.88 XINC 0.5
*Case-4 1 Lane Class A +70 R(T) most eccentric
LOAD GENERATION 88
TYPE 1 -18.8 0 3.4 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 88
TYPE 2 -4.57 0 7.33 XINC 0.5
*Case-5 1 Lane Class A + 70R(W) with min eccentricity
LOAD GENERATION 90
TYPE 1 -18.8 0 3.4 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 90
TYPE 3 -13.4 0 7.435 XINC 0.5
TYPE 3 -13.4 0 5.505 XINC 0.5
*Case-6 1 Lane Class A + 70 R(W,l) with class A left wheel on G1
LOAD GENERATION 90
TYPE 1 -18.8 0 3.75 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 90
TYPE 3 -13.4 0 5.855 XINC 0.5
TYPE 3 -13.4 0 7.785 XINC 0.5
FINISH
A.3 Staad Input File for cross girder analysis (jacking condition)
STAAD PLANE
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0.75 0 0; 3 4.5 0 0; 4 8.25 0 0; 5 9 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5;
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
TYPE CONCRETE
STRENGTH FCU 27579
END DEFINE MATERIAL
1 TO 4 PRIS YD 1.5 ZD 0.4
CONSTANTS
SUPPORTS
2 TO 4 PINNED
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE RXN FROM SW N SIDL
MEMBER LOAD
1 CON GY -986.105 0
2 CON GY -459.91 2.25
3 CON GY -459.91 1.5
4 CON GY -986.105 0.75
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE CG SELF WEIGHT
MEMBER LOAD
1 TO 4 UNI GY -20.25
LOAD COMB 3 COMBINATION LOAD CASE 3
1 1.0 2 1.0
FINISH
A.4 Staad Input File for cross girder analysis (service condition)
STAAD PLANE
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 3 0 0; 3 6 0 0; 4 9 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4;
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 25
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
TYPE CONCRETE
STRENGTH FCU 27579
END DEFINE MATERIAL
1 TO 3 PRIS YD 1.9 ZD 0.4
CONSTANTS
SUPPORTS
1 TO 4 PINNED
DEFINE MOVING LOAD
TYPE 1 LOAD 85.5 85.5 85.5 85.5 85.5 85.5
DIST 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8
TYPE 2 LOAD 150 150 85.5 85.5
DIST 1.93 1.86 1.8
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE RXN FROM SW N SIDL
MEMBER LOAD
1 CON GY -986.105 0
2 CON GY -459.91 0
3 CON GY -459.91 0
3 CON GY -986.105 3
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE CG SELF WEIGHT
MEMBER LOAD
1 TO 3 UNI GY -20.25
LOAD GENERATION 40
TYPE 1 -8.8 0 0 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 40
TYPE 2 -5.59 0 0 XINC 0.5
FINISH
APPENDIX - B
Live Load Cases
Impact For Class A : 1.16 Impact For Class 70R(T) : 1.1

Impact For Class 70R(W) : 1.16 Longitudnal Reduction Factor : 0.9
CASE 1
BEAM 3 Lane Class A most eccentric from Left
Class A Class A Class A
NO
SF + BM + SF - BM - SF + BM + SF - BM - SF + BM + SF - BM -
37 0 0 0 -1 4 0 0 -5 0 4 -80 -1
38 0 0 0 -4 9 1 0 -44 241 61 0 -4
39 0 0 0 -4 9 1 0 -48 235 24 0 -102
40 0 0 0 -4 8 1 0 -57 213 23 -1 -332
41 0 0 0 -4 7 1 0 -69 185 21 -5 -612
42 0 0 0 -4 6 2 0 -79 155 19 -12 -843
43 0 0 0 -3 4 2 0 -88 128 17 -20 -1009
44 0 0 0 -3 3 2 0 -95 103 15 -31 -1110
45 0 0 0 -3 1 2 0 -99 80 13 -41 -1163
46 0 0 0 -3 0 2 -1 -100 58 12 -60 -1143
73 3 0 0 -4 0 8 -68 0 1 1 -16 -2
74 5 1 0 -32 199 71 0 -2 81 8 0 -22
75 5 1 0 -34 195 20 0 -62 79 8 0 -58
76 4 1 0 -39 178 19 -2 -247 72 8 0 -137
77 4 1 0 -45 155 17 -5 -470 62 8 -2 -236
78 3 1 0 -51 131 15 -12 -652 52 7 -3 -319
79 2 1 0 -56 108 13 -18 -785 43 7 -5 -383
80 2 1 0 -59 88 12 -27 -866 33 6 -9 -418
81 1 1 0 -62 69 10 -36 -907 25 5 -12 -438
82 0 1 -1 -62 53 9 -52 -892 17 5 -19 -430
Total (impact + long Reduction) Total (impact + long Reduction)

BEAM BEAM
SF + BM + SF - BM - SF + BM + SF - BM -
37 4 5 -83 -7 73 4 10 -88 -6
38 260 65 -1 -54 74 297 83 0 -58
39 254 27 -1 -161 75 291 30 0 -161
40 231 25 -2 -410 76 266 29 -2 -441
41 200 23 -6 -715 77 231 26 -7 -784
42 168 22 -13 -966 78 194 24 -16 -1067
43 138 20 -21 -1148 79 160 22 -24 -1277
44 110 18 -32 -1261 80 129 19 -37 -1403
45 84 16 -43 -1320 81 99 17 -50 -1468
46 61 14 -64 -1301 82 73 15 -75 -1445
CASE 2
BEAM 1 Lane 70 R(W,l) +Class A most eccentric
NO Class 70R(W) Class A Total (impact + long Reduction)
37 1 3 -78 0 2 0 0 -3 3 3 -82 -4
38 329 44 0 -8 2 1 0 -27 345 46 0 -37
39 314 43 0 -165 2 1 0 -27 329 45 0 -200
40 303 41 -3 -469 1 1 0 -28 317 43 -3 -519
41 267 38 -15 -864 1 1 0 -30 279 40 -16 -933
42 233 34 -29 -1200 1 1 0 -31 245 37 -30 -1286
43 197 31 -46 -1463 1 1 0 -32 207 34 -48 -1561
44 160 28 -70 -1664 1 1 0 -33 167 30 -73 -1772
45 124 25 -98 -1789 0 1 0 -34 130 27 -103 -1903
46 88 22 -131 -1837 0 1 0 -34 92 24 -137 -1954
73 0 10 -73 0 0 2 -25 0 0 12 -102 0

74 313 87 0 -5 97 12 0 -7 427 104 0 -12
75 303 38 0 -102 95 10 0 -53 416 51 0 -162
76 270 36 -3 -392 87 10 0 -147 373 48 -3 -562
77 254 33 -17 -766 75 9 -2 -266 344 43 -19 -1078
78 204 30 -29 -1071 63 8 -4 -366 279 39 -34 -1500
79 171 26 -50 -1314 52 7 -7 -437 233 35 -58 -1828
80 137 23 -71 -1497 41 7 -11 -481 185 31 -86 -2065
81 104 20 -97 -1628 31 6 -16 -504 140 27 -118 -2225
82 71 17 -129 -1668 21 5 -24 -498 96 24 -160 -2260
CASE 3
BEAM 70 R(T) +1 Lane Class A most eccentric
NO Class 70R(T) Class A Total (impact + long Reduction)
37 2 1 -22 -3 2 0 0 -3 4 1 -21 -5
38 220 13 -1 -23 1 0 0 -21 218 13 -1 -45
39 215 13 -1 -131 1 0 0 -21 213 13 -1 -151
40 201 12 -1 -345 0 0 -1 -21 200 12 -1 -363
41 184 11 -10 -629 0 1 -1 -20 182 12 -11 -643
42 165 11 -25 -865 0 1 0 -20 163 11 -25 -877
43 145 10 -42 -1052 0 1 0 -19 144 10 -42 -1061
44 125 9 -61 -1192 0 1 0 -19 123 9 -61 -1200
45 104 8 -81 -1271 0 1 0 -19 103 8 -80 -1278
46 83 7 -101 -1297 0 1 0 -20 82 7 -100 -1305
73 0 12 -35 0 1 1 -11 -2 1 14 -46 -2

74 359 100 -1 0 68 7 0 -22 427 106 -1 -23
75 349 18 -1 -131 68 6 0 -50 416 24 -1 -181
76 318 17 -3 -464 61 6 0 -117 378 23 -3 -581
77 299 15 -23 -892 53 6 -1 -201 351 21 -24 -1093
78 254 13 -54 -1232 44 6 -2 -273 298 19 -56 -1504
79 225 12 -87 -1490 36 5 -4 -330 261 17 -91 -1819
80 198 10 -117 -1668 28 5 -7 -361 225 15 -123 -2028
81 172 9 -146 -1778 21 4 -10 -377 192 13 -155 -2154
82 145 8 -173 -1811 14 4 -16 -372 158 12 -187 -2181
CASE 4
BEAM 1 Lane Class A +70 R(T) most eccentric
NO Class A Class 70R(T) Total (impact + long Reduction)
37 0 4 -80 -1 6 0 0 -8 6 5 -83 -9
38 241 61 0 -4 14 1 0 -69 265 64 0 -72
39 235 24 0 -102 14 1 0 -76 259 26 0 -181
40 213 23 -1 -332 13 1 0 -89 235 25 -1 -435
41 185 21 -5 -612 12 1 0 -108 204 23 -6 -746
42 155 19 -12 -843 10 1 0 -124 171 21 -13 -1003
43 128 17 -20 -1009 7 1 0 -138 141 19 -20 -1190
44 103 15 -31 -1110 5 1 0 -148 112 17 -32 -1306
45 80 13 -41 -1163 2 1 0 -155 85 15 -43 -1367
46 58 12 -60 -1143 0 1 -2 -157 61 13 -65 -1349
73 1 1 -16 -2 0 10 -32 0 1 11 -48 -2

74 81 8 0 -22 316 80 -1 0 398 87 -1 -23
75 79 8 0 -58 306 16 -1 -121 385 24 -1 -180
76 72 8 0 -137 289 15 -3 -414 362 23 -3 -552
77 62 8 -2 -236 261 14 -19 -789 323 21 -20 -1026
78 52 7 -3 -319 233 12 -44 -1093 285 19 -47 -1415
79 43 7 -5 -383 207 11 -72 -1324 250 17 -77 -1711
80 33 6 -9 -418 182 10 -98 -1486 215 16 -106 -1908
81 25 5 -12 -438 158 8 -124 -1583 183 14 -135 -2024
82 17 5 -19 -430 134 7 -148 -1613 150 12 -167 -2046
CASE 5
BEAM Class A + 70R(W) with min eccentricity
NO Class A Class 70R(W) Total (impact + long Reduction)
37 0 4 -80 -1 8 0 0 -10 8 5 -83 -12
38 241 61 0 -4 17 0 0 -86 269 64 0 -93
39 235 24 0 -102 17 0 0 -94 262 26 0 -205
40 213 23 -1 -332 16 0 0 -111 239 24 -1 -462
41 185 21 -5 -612 14 0 0 -134 207 22 -5 -779
42 155 19 -12 -843 12 0 0 -155 174 20 -13 -1042
43 128 17 -20 -1009 9 0 0 -172 143 18 -20 -1233
44 103 15 -31 -1110 6 0 0 -185 113 16 -32 -1352
45 80 13 -41 -1163 2 0 0 -193 86 14 -43 -1415
46 58 12 -60 -1143 0 0 -2 -196 61 13 -65 -1398
0 0 0 0
73 1 2 -85 -2 0 13 -74 0 1 16 -166 -2
74 81 45 0 -22 353 119 0 -4 453 171 0 -27
75 79 44 0 -58 337 3 0 -104 434 49 0 -169
76 72 41 0 -137 323 0 -4 -416 412 43 -5 -577
77 62 37 -2 -236 286 0 -20 -833 363 39 -22 -1116
78 52 33 -3 -319 249 1 -35 -1167 314 35 -39 -1551
79 43 30 -5 -383 211 1 -56 -1443 265 32 -65 -1907
80 33 26 -9 -418 174 1 -82 -1638 217 28 -95 -2147
81 25 23 -12 -438 138 2 -111 -1770 171 25 -129 -2305
82 17 19 -19 -430 101 2 -145 -1813 124 22 -172 -2342
CASE 6
BEAM Class A + 70 R(W,l) with class A left wheel on G1
NO Class A Class 70R(W) Total (impact + long Reduction)
37 0 4 -12 0 7 0 0 -9 7 5 -13 -10
38 216 51 0 -3 12 2 0 -74 238 54 -1 -81
39 213 22 0 -97 12 2 0 -80 235 25 -1 -185
40 200 21 -1 -304 11 2 0 -91 220 24 -2 -413
41 173 19 -5 -563 10 3 0 -107 190 23 -5 -700
42 147 17 -11 -767 8 3 0 -122 162 21 -12 -928
43 121 16 -18 -917 6 3 0 -133 132 20 -19 -1097
44 97 14 -28 -1009 4 3 0 -142 105 18 -29 -1202
45 74 12 -38 -1057 1 3 0 -148 79 16 -39 -1258
46 55 11 -55 -1040 0 3 -1 -149 57 14 -58 -1242
73 0 2 -28 0 0 8 -68 0 0 11 -101 0

74 103 13 0 -9 287 75 0 -5 407 92 0 -15
75 99 11 0 -57 275 37 0 -99 390 49 0 -163
76 91 10 0 -157 260 34 -2 -362 366 47 -3 -541
77 79 9 -2 -279 230 31 -14 -705 323 42 -17 -1027
78 66 9 -4 -386 200 28 -26 -987 278 38 -32 -1433
79 55 8 -7 -461 169 25 -44 -1216 233 34 -53 -1751
80 43 7 -12 -505 138 22 -65 -1383 189 31 -80 -1971
81 32 6 -17 -529 107 20 -89 -1491 146 27 -110 -2109
82 22 6 -25 -522 77 17 -118 -1531 103 23 -149 -2143

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PKR PVM VPS

Chapter Description Page No.

It is proposed to construct a bridge of 22.0 m (c/c of expansion joints)

Grade of flexure reinforcement Fe 500

2.2 Structural Data

2.3 Dimensional Data

2.4 Live load Data

For 3 lane carriageway structure, as per IRC 6-2014 following load

i.ClassA+ ClassA+ ClassA iii.Class 70 R(Tracked)+ ClassA

2.6 Calculation units

Fig 3.1 Grillage Modelling

Fig 4.1 Grillage Model (Main Girder & Crossgirder View)

4.1 Detail of Longitudnal Girders

S No. Girder No Beam No

4.2 Detail of Cross Girders

S No. CrossGirder No Beam No

Axis indicating respective directions for calculation of section properties.

5.1 Outer girder .

5.1.1 Outer girder with cantilever on one side near support.

5.1.2 Outer girder with cantilever on one side (tapered part).

1.9 1.125 A 1.66

1.9 1.125 A 1.47

5.2 Inner girder

5.2.1 Inner girder near support.

5.2.2 Inner girder tapered part.

0.15 0.225 A 1.51

6.1 Dead Load

S.No Description b h Area Density Load Load

Railing 0.00 0.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 UDL

Wearing Coat 0.065 22.00 1.43 FLOOR

3 Outer Girder with deck slab

End Section 1.9 25.0 46.3 UDL

4 Inner Girder with deck slab

End Section 1.7 25.0 42.5 UDL

6.2 Live Load

ClassA+ ClassA+ ClassA

6.3 Footpath Live Load IRC:6-2014 Cl.206.3

S.No. Description Effective P' Footway Width Intensity Intensity

6.4 Load application in staad.

Fig 6.1 Load due to self weight of girders

Fig 6.3 Load due to wearing coat only

7.1 Results due to Self Weight

7.2 Results due to SIDL (without wearing coat)

SIDL (without wearing coat)

SIDL (only wearing coat)

7.4 Results due to Vehicular LL(after impact and longitudnal reduction)

Impact For Class A 1.16 Impact For Class 70R(T) 1.1

Long. reduction Factor :- For three lane carriageway , 10% reduction

7.5 Factors for Limit State Design

Factors for limit state design

7.6 Design forces for ULS

7.7 Design forces for SLS (rare combination)

DESIGN FORCES FOR SLS(Rare)

Design of Girders for Flexure

8.1 General design data

clear cover to reinforcement co 40 mm

8.2 Design of Girder G1/G4 (As per ULS)

a) For Sagging Moment

Section Considered L/8 L/4 L/2

1.Check for moment capacity