CALCULATION OF RESIDENTIAL HOUSE TYPE 120

CANTILEVER SLAB IN
PARAGAON HILL RESIDENCE PROJECTS
PT. SARANA BANGUN SEJATI
₁ ₂
Raffles, Yayuk Setyaning Astutik

₂
yayuk@uib.ac.id, Universitas Internasional Batam, Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan

Perencanaan-Program Teknik Sipil

Email : raffleszx@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Data analysis of cantilever slabss with a length of 3.5 m and width of 1 m with 110
mm thick concrete slabs using K-225 quality concrete with 10 mm diameter steel
reinforcement in the work of floor slabs obtained results that met the standards for the
construction of cantilever slabs structures in the Paragon project Hill Residence with the
ability to withstand a dead load of 13.125 kN / m 'and a live load of 7 kN / m' with a negative
moment of 13.475 kNm.
Calculations that do get results that are not much different from the application in the
construction of using 10 mm diameter steel reinforcement with a distance of 160 mm which is
installed at the top with 1 layer.
The calculation is based on SNI 03-2847-2013 regulations. The cantilever slab
structure that is planned meets the working loadings.
Based on the calculation results, the structure of the floor slabs with a floor slabs
thickness of 110 mm, which uses reinforcement steel with a diameter of 10 mm with a distance
of 300 mm which is installed 2 layers safe to be applied in construction.
Keywords: Analysis, cantilever slabs, structures.

1. Introduction atmosphere by developing a location that is

1.1 Background
Batam City has a fairly large
population. Based on data from the
Department of Population, it is estimated
that the population in Batam City will
reach 2 million and will increase every
year. Batam City is an Industrial and
Economic City that has always attracted
local and foreign investors because Batam
City is located very close to several
ASEAN countries such as: Singapore and
Malaysia.
Seeing the opportunities of these
developments, PT. Sarana Bangun Sejati
wants to provide a different residential
on a hill and facing the sea. The developer
also has a very innovative vision by
including the construction of shopping
centers and shop houses.
With such conditions the author is
interested in the concept of development
owned by the developer so that it takes the
Paragon Hill development project as a
location for research because it has unique
characteristics and is different from other
residential development concepts.
The review taken by the author in the
preparation of this report is the calculation
of the building slabs structure because it is
an important factor in the continuity of
occupancy to be inhabited.
1.2 Scope & Limits of Discussion
This research is carried out within a
period of three months starting from March
2019 and finishing in May 2019, due to
time constraints, observations that can be
carried out on this research only discuss
methods and workmanship during the time
of the research activities. There are several
data that the author will describe:
1. Project organization chart.
2. Construction implementation methods.
3. Documentation of project activities.
Limitation of discussion of material
that will not be included in the discussion
of the author:
1. Analysis of building structure planning.
2. Planning the project work schedule &
the amount of human resources.
3. Preparation of administration and
project reports.
1.3 Purpose and Objectives of Research
The intent and purpose of the author in
research activities:
1. Students understand and can take
experience in the construction and
construction knowledge directly from
observations made in the field.
2. Students can get field knowledge that is
not given during the lecture such as the
stages of development, management
studies, studies of handling obstacles
and making decisions on problems that
occur during running activities.
3. Students can understand the stages of
the application of construction
equipment and read data / reports.
4. Students are able to apply the studies
learned during lectures to construction
activities.
1.4 Method of collecting data
The data collection methods used by
the author during the preparation of this
report are as follows:
1. Direct observation to the field at the
project construction site in research
activities.
2. Information gathering and documenting
work.
3. Conduct interviews with project
members.
4. Take references from learning studies
for observation activities in the field.
2. Research Methods
2.1 Researches Sites
PT. Sarana Bangun Sejati is a
company engaged in the field of
construction development developers in
the city of Batam. The main office which
is located at Jl. Raden Patah comp. Nagoya
Gateway A / 4 Batam.
2.2 Research Data
Slabss are included in a horizontal
structure which holds the dead load while
holding the live load and then transfers
these loads to the vertical frame of the
structural frame system. Before we design
the dimensions and reinforcement of slabss,
we must first calculate the loads acting on
these slabss.
Reinforced concrete slabs are
reinforced concrete which is printed thinly
into a structure that has a horizontal
direction that has loads that work directly
perpendicular to the plane of the reinforced
concrete slab. Reinforced concrete slabss
have a rigid nature and have a horizontal
plane direction which gives an influence
on building construction. Slabss have the
main function of being a diaphragm /
element of a horizontal plane stiffener
which has an important role to support the
rigidity of the portal beam.
Construction buildings always use
reinforced concrete slabs as a foothold,
both as the floor of a building, not the roof
of a building, as a foothold in bridge
construction or as a foothold on a pier or
trestle construction. The load acting on the
slabs is always connected with the force of
gravity. The load produces what is usually
called the bending moment. For this reason,
slabss are also planned for bending loads.
2.3 Slabs Planning Systems & Methods
In most of the existing studies on the
selection of slab forms, the method was
chosen by conducting a survey using
qualitative items. In other words, this key
study with the first survey was selected on
form factors, which were then used to
determine and systematically evaluate
decision support systems. All of these
studies are case based. However, if applied
to a method without case studies, it can
lead to errors during evaluation. Also
included is the lack of research that
considers costs and productivity among
these quantitative items. (Zayed et al. 2008)
2.4 Cantilever Slab
In general, residential buildings,
cantilever slabss are used as balconies on
the second floor of the house. Because they
can support the aesthetic value of a
residential building and its efficient use by
not requiring additional land.
Cantilever is a rigid structural
element in which only one end is
supported, which basically aims to make
the most of the treads on the upper floors
to be more efficient without reducing the
treads on the lower floors.
Basically the cantilever structure
has a large deflection value which can
result in deflection. When the deflection
value is high, the greater the reinforcement
that needs to be used to support the load
carried by the cantilever structure.
3. Research Results
The regulations used in calculating the
reinforcement of cantilever concrete slab
structures are "SNI 03-2847-2002" and
"Indonesian Loading Regulations for
Buildings in 1983"
The data collected in designing the
reinforcement of the floor slabs structure is
as follows:
1. Concrete compressive strength : K-225
(18,675 MPa)
2. Concrete density (γb): 24 kN / m3
3. Quality of steel reinforcement (Fy): 400
MPa
4. Floor slabs thickness (h): 110 mm
5. The direction slabs width x (Ix): 1000
mm
6. The direction slabs width y (Iy): 3500
mm
7. Species thickness: 3 cm
8. Ceramic thickness: 2 cm
9. Reinstalls installed: D10
3.2 Reinforcement Calculation
3.2.1 Floor Slabs Type
Determine the type of floor slabs:
Iy/Ix = 3500/1000 = 3,5
Iy/Ix ≥ 2, (One-Way Slabs)
3.2.2 Loads On Floor Slabs
a. Dead Load (QD)
 Floor slabs weight (kN / m2): h × γb =
0.11 × 24 = 2.64 kN / m2
 Floor tile load (kN / m2): 2 × 0.24 = 4. The reduction factor of the flexural
0.48 kN / m2 structure strength
 Specific load (kN / m2): 3 × 0.21 = 0.63 ϕ = 0.80
kN / m2
 Total floor slabs dead load: 3.75 kN / 5. Maximum Moment Bearing Factor
m2 x 3.5 m = 13.125 kN / m’slabs 𝐾𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 =
382,5×𝛽1×𝐹𝑐′×(600+𝑓𝑦−225×𝛽1)
So, the total dead load borne by the floor (600+𝑓𝑦)2
slabs with a total slabs length of 3.5 M in 𝐾𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑠 =
382,5×0,85×18,675×(600+400−225×0,85)
this discussion is 13.125 kN / m '. (600+400)2
= 4,91𝑀𝑃𝑎
b. Live Load (QL)
Based on the function of residential 6. Dull Moment Factor
𝑀𝑢
buildings: 2 kN / m2 x 3.5 m = 7 kN /m’. 𝐾=
∅ 𝑥 𝑏 𝑥 𝑑2
So, the total living load that will work 13,475 × 106
according to the loading regulations for 𝐾= = 2,194 𝑀𝑃𝑎
0,85 × 1000 × 852
residential houses with a total length of 3.5
M cantilever slabs in this discussion is 7 7. High square compressive concrete
kN / m '.
block stress equivalent
c. Loading COmbination (Qu) 2×𝐾
𝑎 = (1 − √1 − )×𝑑
 Qu = 1,2QD + 1,6QL = (1,2 × 13,125) 0,85 × 𝐹𝑐′
+ (1.6 × 7) = 26.95 kN / m2
So, the total combination of loading 2 × 2.194
𝑎 = (1 − √1 − ) × 85
calculated based on loading regulations is 0,85 × 18,675
26.95 kN / m2. = 12,697 𝑚𝑚

3.2.3 The Moment that Occurs 8. Area of Floor Slabs Reinforcement

 Mu (-) = ½ x Qu x L2 = ½ x 26,95 x 12 = 0,85 × 𝐹𝑐′ × 𝑎 × 𝑏
𝐴𝑠 =
13,475 kNm 𝑓𝑦
The moment produced by the cantilever 0,85 × 18,675 × 12,697 × 1000
𝐴𝑠 =
slabs is a negative moment. So that the 400
effect when installing reinforcing steel, = 503,87 𝑚𝑚2
reinforcement mounted on the top. Based
on the calculation of the negative moment 9. Minimum Reinforcement Area of
obtained of 13,475 kNm which will work Floor Slabs
1,4 × 𝑏 × 𝑑
along the cantilever slabs. 𝑓𝑐 ′ < 31,36 𝑀𝑃𝑎, 𝑠𝑜 𝐴𝑠 ≥
𝑓𝑦
1,4 × 1000 × 85
3.2.4 Floor Slabs Reinforcing 𝐴𝑠 = = 297,5 𝑚𝑚2
1. Required Moment 400
Mu = 13,475 kNm 10. Size of Used Reinforcement
The largest As value was chosen =
2. Distance of reinforcement center to 503.87 mm2
fiber edge of concrete The largest As value is chosen as the
ds= ts + 1/2∅ = 20 + 10/2 = 25 mm measurement value for determining the
amount of steel reinforcement to be used.
3. High effective cross-section of floor the higher the As value, the more steel is
slabs used which makes the structure more
d = h - ds = 110 – 25 = 85 mm sturdy.

11. Clean distance between reinforcement

 s = π/4 x ∅^2 x b/As
0,25 × 𝜋 × 102 × 1000
𝑠=
503,87
= 155,87 𝑚𝑚
s ≤ 2.h = 2×110 = 220 mm,
s ≤ 450 mm
12. The net distance between the bars used
The smallest s value chosen = 155.87
mm
The smallest s value is chosen because
the greater the distance of the steel, the
higher the deflection value can affect the
robustness of a structure. So the smaller
the value of s, the closer the steel binding
is installed and the stronger the structure.
13. Reinforced floor slabs used
D10 – 160 (1 layered with above
installations)
14. Reinforcement of floor slabs used in
the field
D10 – 300 (2 Layered)
4. Conclusions
Conclusions obtained by the authors
after carrying out research activities:
1. After calculating the cantilever slabs
used in type 120 dwelling which
basically corresponds to the slabs
design including the one-way slabs
reinforcement method, the results
obtained using bone D10-160 (One
Layer). This means that the design of
the cantilever slabs reinforcement used
in the construction, namely D10 - 300
(Two Layers) is very strong and safe.
The purpose of the safe is because the
realization in the field has used the
reinforcement of D10 with a distance
of 300 mm with two layers, while the
calculation that has been done only
requires reinforcement of D10 with a
distance of 160 mm with only one
layer of reinforcement.
2. If the plan used uses one-way
reinforcement, the planning carried
out can further save the cost of the
material used.
3.
5. Suggestions
If the realization of fieldwork used in
one-way reinforcement is in accordance
with the calculation, the planning carried
out can save more material costs,
especially in the pembesian material.
6. Acknowledgments
I want to say thank you for the research
side and Universitas Internasional Batam.
Especially for my supervisor lecturer,
Ms. Yayuk Setyaning Astutik S.Sc., M.Sc.
7. Bibliography
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Beton Bertulang. Yogyakarta:
GrahaIlmu. Bangunan, D. P.
(1983). Peraturan Pembebanan
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Yayasan Lembaga Penyelidikan
Masalah Bangunan.
 SK SNI 03-2847-2002. (2002).
Tata cara perhitungan struktur
beton untuk bangunan gedung.
Jakarta: Badan Standardisasi
Nasional.
 Wangsadinata, I. W. (1971).
Peraturan Beton Indonesia.
Bandung: Lembaga Penyelidikan
Masalah Bangunan.
 Zayed, T. Sharifi, M. and Baciu S.
(2008) Slip-form Application to
Concrete Structures. Journal of
Construction Engineering and
Management-ASCE, 134(3),
pp.157-168
 Dipohusodo, Istimawan. 1994.
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