PHYSICAL EDUCATION

“The state shall promote Physical Education and encourage sports programs,
league competitions, and amateur sports including training for international
competition to foster self-discipline, teamwork, and excellent in the development
for a healthy and alert citizenry” (Article XIV, section 19, 1986 Constitution of the
Republic of the Philippines.)

GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

 Physical Development
It is not only free from diseases but includes physical fitness as well.
 Emotional Development
The informal nature of physical education activities offers opportunities for the
development of a high level of self-esteem and ability to cope with routine stresses
of daily living.
 Social Development
It is the development and maintenance of a meaningful interpersonal relationship.
 Mental Development
Through participating in physical education activates, the individual develops his
mental capacities as he learns the principles, rules & strategies of games & sports.
PHASES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
 Group Games. These are lead up activities with simple rules designed primarily
for fun and enjoyment.
 Dance. These are movements set to music where there are emerge organizations
and structure.
 Folk dance Jazz Dance
 Social Dance Ballet Dance
 Popular dance Interpretative Dance
 Street Dance
 Gymnastics. Sport that harmonizes body movement to the lilting tunes of
choreographed music.
 Tumbling Light Apparatuses
 Floor skills Heavy Apparatuses
 Aerial Skills
 Stunts
 Recreational Games. Activities done during one’s free time.
 Cooking
 Mountaineering
 Health Safety and First Aid. A temporary care given to a victim of an accident or
those who become suddenly ill until the services of the physician can be obtained.
 Sports. Activities we engage for pleasure, enjoyment, recreation, even as form of
competition usually requiring vigorous bodily exercises.
 Individual/ Dual. Sports participated by 1 to 3 players.
 Badminton
 Table tennis
 Team Sports. Sports participated by 4 or more players.
 Basketball
 Volleyball
 Soccer
 Baseball
  Track and Field. Activities done in the field.
a. Running Events
- Sprint, Race with Hurdles, Middle Distance Races
b. Throwing Events
- Discuss Throw, Javelin Throw, Shot Put
c. Jumping Events
- Long Jump, Triple Long Jump
 Aquatics. Activities done in the water.
- Diving, Snorkeling, Surfing, Water Polo, Swimming
PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
Progressive Overload. Adapting to Amount of Training. Placing increasing amounts of
stress on the body causes adaptions that improve fitness.
 FITT principle for overload:
 Frequency- How often
 Intensity- How hard
 Time- How long
 Type- Mode of Activity
Reversibility. Adapting to a Reduction of Training.
 Fitness improvements are lost when demands on the body are lowered.
 If you stop exercising, up to 50 % of fitness improvements are lost within 2 months.
Individual Differences. Limits on Adaptability.
 Everyone is NOT created equal from a physical standpoint.
 There are large individual differences in ability to improve fitness, body
composition and sports skills.

PHYSICAL FITNESS
- It is the capacity of an individual to accomplish daily task or activities
with alertness and vigor and still has sufficient energy to enjoy leisure
activities and still ready to meet unforeseen emergencies.
COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
Physical Fitness is a very desirable quality to possess. There
are two most important physical fitness components that may help to determine the
physical condition of a person or individual. These are Health-Related Physical Fitness
and Skill-Related Physical Fitness.
1. HEALTH-RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS. This consists of those components of
Physical Fitness that have a relationship in good health.
 Cardiovascular. The ability of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen-rich
blood to the working muscle tissues and the ability of the muscles to use
oxygen to produce energy for movement. The ability of the body to deliver
oxygen and nutrients to tissue and remove wastes over sustained period of
time.
 Flexibility. The ability of the body to move joints and muscles in full range
of motion. It is the quality that permits the freedom of movement. It enables
individual to move efficiently and avoid injuries.
  Muscular Endurance. The ability of the muscle or a group of muscle to
sustain repeated contractions or continue applying force against fixed
objects.
 Muscular Strength. The ability of the muscle to exert force against a
resistance for a short period of time.
 Body Composition. This refers o the makeup of the body in terms of
muscle, bone, fat and other elements. It particularly refers to the percentage
of fat in the body. It is reported as the overweight, obese, normal etc.
2. SKILL-RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS. It consists of those components of
Physical Fitness that have relationship in performance in sports and motor skills.
 Speed. The ability to perform a successive or continuous movement within
a short period of time.
 Power. The ability to exert an explosive force of muscles, force quickly. This
also the ability of the muscles to release maximum force in the period of
time.
 Agility. The ability to rapidly/quickly change position or direction of the
entire body in space with speed and accuracy.
 Coordination. The ability to use the senses together with the body parts
while performing motor tasks smoothly and accurately.
 Balance. A state of equilibrium or maintenance of equilibrium while in
stationary or moving.