The Central American countries of Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador have been

stricken by violence and poverty since the 1980s. Over the past few years, the
situation has only worsened, forcing thousands of residents, many of them
unaccompanied minors, to flee to the U.S in search of a better life. In the past, most
have made the long, often treacherous, journey in small numbers to avoid getting
noticed by officials and kidnappers. However, the almost 7,000-person migrant
caravan currently marching towards the U.S. border is relying on hypervisibility, or a
disproportionate amount of attention.
According to UNICEF spokeswoman Marixie Mercado, “The journey is long, uncertain
and full of danger, including the risk of exploitation, violence, and abuse.” But, for
those who make up the migrant caravan there is no other choice. Some are fleeing
their violence-ridden towns, while others have joined the group because they are
unable to feed their families on the meager incomes at home.
The caravan began on October 12th, 2018, when 160 residents of San Pedro Sula,
Honduras summoned the courage to leave what was once referred to as the
“murder capital of the world” to seek refuge in Mexico or the United States.
In addition to suffering from severe sunburn and dehydration, the group has had
little access to clean water and sanitation. Two people are believed to
have perished, and many more are dropping out due to exhaustion. Also, as
Mercado had predicted, the large group did not deter organized crime members
from kidnapping 100 people, many of them children, as the migrant caravan was
moving through a desolated stretch of Mexico.
Though there is a legal obligation to hear all asylum claims, the International
Law stipulates that only those fleeing their countries due to a severe fear
of persecution can be considered. This means the migrant caravan members in
search of a better quality of life, even if they have been starving, are not regarded
refugees.

Questions
1. Write a summary of the text in English, including the most important
points using your own words (approximately 50 words; 1 point).
2. Mark the following sentences true or false (T/F) according to the text.
Then write the part (and ONLY that part) of the text which justifies your
answer. (0.25x4= 1 point)
a) The peak of violence in El Salvador took place in the 1980s
b) It is believed that no people have died yet
c) 100 people were kidnapped in Mexico
d) People who are hungry easily get the condition of refugees
3. Find words or phrases in the text that correspond in meaning to the words
and definitions given here. (0.25x4= 1 point).
a) presently b) escaping c) d) the opposite of generous d)
discourage
4. Pronunciation. (0.25x4= 1 point)
a) Which of the following words have the same vowel sound as “friend”?
break, fear, spread, dear.
b) Find a word in the text with the sound /ʌ/ as in cousin
c) Write a word from the text that includes the same diphthong sound as try /aɪ/.
d) Circle the syllable with the stress in caravan
5. Rewrite the following sentences without changing the original meaning.
Use the word in brackets and/or the expression given, making the necessary
changes. (0.5 x3= 1.5 points).
a) “The journey is long, but for those who make up the caravan there is no other
choice now,” said the UNICEF spokeswoman
 The UNICEF spokeswoman stated………….
b) In addition to suffering from severe dehydration, the group has had little access
to clean water (NOT ONLY )
The group……..
c) San Pedro Sula was once referred to as “ the murder capital of the World”
People used…..
6. Choose ONE to write 120-150 words (3 points).
a) How is your generation different from your parents´ generation? Give specific
reasons and examples
b) Advertising tells us about products that may improve our lives. Do you agree or
disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position