PROTEINS

FINALS*SESSION A*EATR
PROTEINS
• 50% OF BODY’S DRY
WEIGHT
• WIDEST RANGE OF
BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
 • CRONTRACTILE
• DEFENSE
CLASSIFICATON • ENZYME
OF PROTEINS BY • REGULATORY
BIOLOGICAL • STORAGE
FUNCTIONS • STRUCTURAL
• TRANSPORT
 • CONTRACTS
CONTRACTILE • EXPANDS
MOTION • ACTIN
• MYOSIN

• AGAINST FOREIGN
DEFENSE BODIES
PROTECTION • IMMUNOGLOBULINS
• THROMBIN AND
FIBRINOGEN
• VENOM
 • ALL REACTIONS
IN LIVING
ENZYME
ORGANISMS
CATALYSIS • PEPTIDASE
• ESTERASE

• REGULATION OF
CELL PROCESSES
REGULATORY
• INSULIN
CONTROL • GROWTH HORMONE
• DOPAMINE
 • STORE
NUTRIENTS
STORAGE
• OVALBUMIN
NUTRIENTS • CASEIN

• ORGANISM’S
STRUCTURAL STRUCTURE
• KERATIN
MECHANICAL • COLLAGEN
SUPPORT • ELASTIN
• FIBRIN
 • TRANSPORT
CHEMICALS IN
BLOODSTREAM
AND CELLS
TRANSPORT • HEMOGLOBIN
• LIPOPROTEINS
• INTEGRAL
PROTEINS
AMINO ACIDS
BUILDING BLOCKS OF
POLYPEPTIDES JOINED IN
A SPECIFIC SEQUENCE
 AMINO ACIDS
• CONTAIN AN a-CARBON,
AMINE, CARBOXYL
GROUP AND SIDE-CHAIN
GROUP
• 20 ONLY ARE USED IN
POLYPEPTIDE
SYNTHESIS
• NH2-CHR-COOH
 • POLAR
• NONPOLAR
SOME
• ALIPHATIC
IMPORTANT
• AROMATIC
TERMS • ESSENTIAL
• NONESSENTIAL
NONPOLAR
• MANY
HYDROPHOBIC R-
(CH)
GROUPS

POLAR NEUTRAL
• WITHOUT
HYDROPHILIC R- COOH
GROUPS
POLAR ACIDIC
HYDROPHILIC • WITH
ACIDIC R-GROUPS COOH

POLAR BASIC
HYDROPHILIC • WITH BASIC
ACIDIC R-GROUPS NITROGEN
ALIPHATIC
W/O BENZENE
RING

AROMATIC
CYCLIC GROUP
 • ALIPHATIC
 ALANINE, VALINE,
WHICH AMINO LEUCINE,
ISOLEUCINE,
ACIDS HAVE  METHIONINE(W/
NONPOLAR SULFUR)
• AROMATIC
SIDE CHAINS?  PHENYLALANINE
 TRYPTOPHAN
(INDOLE RING)
WHICH AMINO
ACIDS HAVE
NONPOLAR
SIDE CHAINS?
 • UNCHARGED
 SERINEAND
WHICH AMINO THREONINE(HYDROXYL)
 TYROSINE
ACIDS HAVE (AROMATIC HC)
NEUTRAL  CYSTEINE
(THIOL GROUP)
POLAR SIDE  GLUTAMINE AND
CHAINS? ASPARAGINE (AMINE)
WHICH AMINO
ACIDS HAVE
NEUTRAL
POLAR SIDE
CHAINS?
WHICH AMINO • NEGATIVELY
ACIDS HAVE CHARGED AT
NEUTRAL pH
CARBOXYL
• ACIDIC
GROUPS IN  GLUTAMIC ACID
THEIR SIDE  ASPARTIC ACID
CHAINS?
WHICH AMINO
ACIDS HAVE
POLAR
ACIDIC SIDE
CHAINS?
 • POSITIVELY
CHARGED AT
WHICH AMINO NEUTRAL pH
 LYSINE- AMINO
ACIDS HAVE GROUP ATTACHED
BASIC SIDE TO AN ALIPHATIC HC
 ARGININE
CHAINS? (GUANIDINO)
 HISTIDINE-
PROTONATED/
UNPROTONATED
FORMS)
WHICH AMINO
ACIDS HAVE
BASIC SIDE
CHAINS?