UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

THERMODYNAMICS LABORATORY
LAPORAN MAKMAL/LABORATORY REPORT
COURSENAME ENGINEERING LABORATORY III

CODE AND TITLE OF MECHANICAL HEAT PUMP

EXPERIMENT
COURSE CODE BNJ37201 SECTION

GROUP

LECTURES NAME
GROUP MEMBERS MATRIC ASSESSMENT
Title/ Objectives/ 2.5%
Equipment
Introduction/ 2.5%
Background
Safety 2.5%
Procedures 7.5%
Observations 5.0%
Calculations 7.5%

DATE OF EXPERIMENT 27.03.2019 Experiment Data & 7.5%

Results
DATE OF SUBMISSION 03.04.2019 Discussion 7.5%

EXAMINER COMMENTS Conclusion 7.5%

References 5.0%

Format 3.0%
English 3.5%
Presentation 3.5%
TOTAL 65 %

APPROVAL/ STAMP

COURSE INFORMATION
 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
LABORATORY: MECHANICS MACHINES LAB. 2.C.01.034

TITLE: MECHANICAL HEAT PUMP

1.0 OBJECTIVE

To achieve the primary objective of the investigation which is to measure the coefficient
of performance of a heat pump, the measure of performance be described and
computed. Hence, the objectives are:
i) To determine the power input, heat output and coefficient of performance of a
vapour compression heat pump system.
ii) To produce the performance of heat pump over a range of source and delivery
temperatures.

2.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of the experiment, students should be able to:

 Determine the power input, heat output and coefficient of performance of a vapor
compression heat pump system.
 Produce the performance of heat pump over a range of source and delivery
temperatures.
 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
3.0 EQUIPMENTS

SOLTEQ Mechanical Heat Pump (Model : HE165)

Figure 1.0: The equipment that used in this experiment.

4.0 INTRODUCTION
 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

A heat pump is a device that absorbs heat from a waste source or surroundings to
produce valuable heat on a higher temperature level than that of the heat source. The
fundamental idea of a heat pump is that heat is absorbed by a medium, which releases the
heat at a higher temperature after a physical or chemical transformation. Heat pump
technology has attracted increasing attention as one of the most promising technologies to
save energy. Areas of interest are heating of buildings, recovery of industrial waste heat for
steam production and heating of process water. Generally, there are three types of heat
pump systems which are closed cycle vapour compression heat pumps (electric and engine
driven), heat transformers (a type of absorption heat pump) and mechanical vapour
recompression operating heat pumps.

Most of the heat pumps operate on the principle of the vapour compression cycle. In
this cycle, the circulating substance is physically separated from the heat source and heat
delivery, and is cycling in a closed stream. The cycle is therefore called a ‘closed cycle’ as
shown in Figure 2. The following processes take place:

1. In the evaporator, the heat is extracted from the heat source to boil the circulating
substance.

2. The circulating substance is compressed by the compressor, raising its pressure and
temperature.

3. The heat is delivered to the condenser.

4. The pressure of the circulating substance (working fluid) is reduced back to the
evaporator condition in the throttling valve.
UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

Figure 2: The closed loop compression cycle

 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

5.0 SAFETY PRECAUTION

a) General lab safety rules

 Be sure to read all fire alarm and safety signs and follow the instructions in
the event of an accident or emergency.
 Ensure you are fully aware of your facility's/building's evacuation
procedures.
 Make sure you know where your lab's safety equipment—including first aid
kit(s), fire extinguishers, eye wash stations, and safety showers—is located
and how to properly use it.
 Do not chew gum, drink, or eat while working in the lab.
 Never use lab equipment that you are not approved or trained by your
supervisor to operate.

b) Housekeeping safety rules

 Always keep your work area(s) tidy and clean.
 Make sure that all eye wash stations, emergency showers, fire extinguishers,
and exits are always unobstructed and accessible.
 Only materials you require for your work should be kept in your work area.
Everything else should be stored safely out of the way.
 Only lightweight items should be stored on top of cabinets; heavier items
should always be kept at the bottom.

c) Dress code safety rules

 Always tie back hair that is chin-length or longer.
 Make sure that loose clothing or dangling jewelry is secured or avoid
wearing it in the first place.
 Never wear sandals or other open-toed shoes in the lab. Footwear should
always cover the foot completely.
 Never wear shorts or skirts in the lab.
 When working with Bunsen burners, lighted splints, matches, etc., acrylic
nails are not allowed.
 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

6.0 PROCEDURES

6.1 General start-up procedures

i. The unit and all instruments are in proper condition was checked (Refer Figure 2-
Page 5)
ii. The both water source and drain are connected then open the water supply and set
the cooling water flowrate at 10% (1.0 LPM) was checked.
iii. The drain hose was checked at the condensate collector were connected.
iv. The power supply was connected and switched on the main power followed by the
main switch at the control panel.
v. The refrigerant compressor was switched on. The unit were already ready for
experiment as soon as temperature and pressures are constant.

6.2 Experimental procedures

i. The general start-up procedures were performed.

ii. The cooling water flowrate to 40% (4.0 LPM) was adjusted.
iii. The system was allowed to run for 15 minutes.
iv. All necessary readings into the experimental data sheet was recorded.
v. The experiment was repeated with reducing water flowrate so that the cooling water
outlet temperature increases by about 3°C.
vi. Similar steps was repeated until the compressor delivery pressure reaches around
14.0 bar.
vii. The experiment may be repeated at a different ambient temperature.

Note: The cooling water and refrigerant flow rate display is in percentage (%). Below is the
formula to convert cooling water and refrigerant flow rate to LPM.

a) Cooling water flow rate (LPM) = Cooling water flow rate (%) × 10.0 LPM
100%

b) Refrigerant flow rate (LPM) = Refrigerant flow rate (%) × 0.8 LPM
100%
 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

6.3 Shut-down procedures

i. The compressor, fan, was switched off followed by the main switch and power supply.
ii. The water supply was closed and ensured that water is not left running.

7.0 OBSERVATIONS

Based on the experiment 1 and 2 that we had been carry out, there are several
observations that’s have been observe during the experiment and record the data. Firstly,
as the of cooling water flow rate is increase, the cooling water inlet temperature also will
increase. Hence since the cooling water flow rate is inversely proportional to the cooling
water outlet temperature. So, the result we get is as the cooling water flow rate increase,
the cooling water temperature outlet will be decrease.

Besides, heat output we get for each cooling water flow is different. But for heat output,
where, as the flowrate of cooling water increase, heat output will decrease. As the
calculation we get for coefficient of performance, COPh it clearly shows that all COPh
value is different based on the flow rate for cooling water.
 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

8.0 EXPERIMENT DATA & RESULTS

EXPERIMENT 1

Test 1 2 3
Cooling Water Flow
% 10 20 30
Rate, FT2
Cooling Water Flow
LPM 1.0 2.0 3.0
Rate, FT2
Cooling Water Inlet
°C 29.5 30.7 31.2
Temperature, TT5
Cooling Water Outlet
°C 57.6 45.3 39.6
Temperature, TT6
Compressor Power
W 388 335 321
Input
Heat Output kW 1957.63 2034.27 1755.6
COPH - 5.05 6.07 5.47
Table 1: Table of Result Experiment 1
 UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

EXPERIMENT 2

Test 1 2 3
Cooling Water Flow
% 15 25 35
Rate, FT2
Cooling Water Flow
LPM 1.5 2.5 3.5
Rate, FT2
Cooling Water Inlet
°C 30.6 31.1 31.6
Temperature, TT5
Cooling Water Outlet
°C 51.3 40.4 38.1
Temperature, TT6
Compressor Power
W 365 332 324
Input
Heat Output kW 2163.15 1619.75 1584.92
COPH - 5.93 4.88 4.89
Table 2: Table of Result Experiment
UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY