1.

Title: The Effectiveness of Teaching Writing by Using Series of Picture

(A quasi-experimental study done in the first grade of SMP Negeri 1 Banjaran

2013)

2. Research Question:

1. Does series of picture as a means of teaching writing to the first grade of

SMP Negeri 1 Banjaran have significantly better result than the

conventional method?

2. Is series of picture effective to teach writing to the first grade of SMP

Negeri 1 Banjaran?

3. Hypotheses:

1. Null Hypotheses (Ho): There is no significant difference in the result

between series picture and the conventional method in teaching writing to

the first grade of SMP Negeri 1 Banjaran.

2. Alternative Hypotheses (Ha): There is significant difference in the result

between series of picture and the conventional method in teaching writing

to the first grade of SMP Negeri 1 Banjaran.

4. The aims / Purpose of the Research

The aims of the research are as follows:

1. To know whether series of picture is significantly more effective to teach

writing than the conventional method.

Research Proposal Page 1

 2. To know whether series of picture is effective to teach writing to the first

grade of SMP Negeri 1 Banjaran.

5. The Benefits of the Research

The findings of the research are expected:

1. To enrich the knowledge of English teacher about the teaching of English

in general.

2. To improve the quality of teaching English, especially in teaching writing.

6. Research Methodology

a. Research Design

This research employs quasi-experimental design to achieve the goal.

b. Research Subject

The subject of the research is the first grade of SMP Negeri 1 Banjaran,

consisting of five classes: A, B, C, D, E.

- Population
First grade consisting of five classes (A, B, C, D, E) each has 40 students

so the population is 200 students.

- Sample

Out of five classes of the population, one is taken randomly as the

sample. The choice falls into class A, with 40 students.

Research Proposal Page 2

 c. Research Object

The object of this research are writing and series of picture.

d. Data Collecting Instruments

This research uses a test of writing to collect the data.

Subject X1 (Experiment Group X2 (Control Group

1 80 40
2 90 60
3 80 50
4 85 50
5 80 40
6 80 50
7 80 50
8 80 40
9 80 60
10 70 40
11 80 50
12 75 40
13 80 45
14 85 50
15 85 40
16 80 55
17 75 55
18 85 50
19 80 60
20 78 65
21 70 30
22 85 60
23 78 60
24 85 65
25 95 65
26 80 50
27 90 60
28 90 60
29 80 60
30 80 60
31 80 60
32 80 45
33 90 60

Research Proposal Page 3

 34 75 50
35 80 50
36 85 60
37 80 55
38 80 50
39 80 40
40 80 55

e. Data Analysis Technique

Step 1. Calculate X1

X1 = 80 + 90 + 80 + 85 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 70 + 80 + 75 + 80+ 85 + 85 +
80 + 75 + 85 + 80 + 78 + 70 + 85 + 78 + 85 + 95 + 80 + 90 + 90 + 80 + 80
+ 80 + 80 + 90 + 75 + 80 + 85 + 80 +80 + 80 + 80

40

= 3251 = 81,275

40

Step 2. Calculate X2

X2 = 40 + 60 + 50 + 50 + 40 + 50 + 50 + 40 + 60 + 40 + 50 + 40 + 45 + 50 + 40
+ 55 + 55 + 50 + 60 + 65 + 30 + 60 + 60 + 65 + 65 + 50 + 60 + 60 + 60 +
60 + 60 + 45 + 60 + 50 + 50 + 60 + 55 + 50 + 40 + 55

40

= 2085 = 52,125

40

Step 3. Calculate ∑X12

∑X12= 80 + 90 +80 + 85 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 70 + 80 + 75 + 80 + 85 + 85
+ 80 + 75 + 85 + 80 + 78 + 70 + 85 + 78 + 85 + 95 + 80 + 90 + 90 + 80 +
80 + 80 + 80 + 90 + 75 + 80 + 85 + 80 + 80 + 80 + 80

= 6400 + 8100 + 6400 + 7225 + 6400 + 6400 + 6400 + 6400 + 6400 + 4900
+ 6400 + 5625 + 6400 + 7225 + 7225 + 6400 + 5625 + 7225 + 6400 + 6084
+ 4900 + 7225 + 6084 + 7225 + 9025 + 6400 + 8100 + 8100 + 6400 + 6400

Research Proposal Page 4

 + 6400 + 6400 + 8100 + 5625 + 6400 + 7225 + 6400 + 6400 + 6400 + 6400
= 265243

Step 4. Calculate ∑X22

∑X22= 40 + 60 + 50 + 50 + 40 + 50 + 50 + 40 + 60 + 40 + 50 + 40 + 45 + 50 + 40
+ 55 + 55 + 50 + 60 + 65 + 30 + 60 + 60 + 65 + 65 + 50 + 60 + 60 + 60 +
60 + 60 + 45 + 60 + 50 + 50 + 60 + 55 + 50 + 40 + 55

= 1600 + 3600 + 2500 + 2500 + 1600 + 2500 + 2500 + 1600 + 3600 + 1600
+ 2500 + 1600 + 2025 + 2500 + 1600 + 3025 + 3025 + 2500 + 3600 +
4225 + 900 + 3600 + 3600 + 4225 + 4225 + 2500 + 3600 + 3600 + 3600 +
3600 + 3600 + 2025 + 3600 + 2500 + 2500 + 3600 + 3025 + 2500 + 1600
+ 3025 = 111625

Step 5. Calculate (∑X1)2

(∑X1)2= (81, 275)2 = 6605,62

Step 6. Calculate (∑X2)2

(∑X2)2= (52,125)2= 2717,01

Step 7. Obtain the number of scores in each group

N1= 40 (the number of scores in Group 1 = Experiment Group)
N2= 40 (the number of scores in Group 2 = Control Group)

Step 8. Enter the values obtained in steps 1-7 into the formula for t-test.

t= X1 – X2

∑X12- (∑X1)2 + ∑X22 - (∑X2)2 1 + 1

N1 N2 . N1 N

N1 + N2 – 2

Research Proposal Page 5

 81, 275 – 52,125

t= 265243– (80,025)2 + 111625 – (54,025)2 1 + 1

40 40 . 40 40

40 + 40 – 2

26

t= 265243 – 6404,00 + 111625 – 2918,70 1

40 40 . 20

78

26

t= 265243 – 160,1 + 111625 – 72,96 1

78 . 20

26

t= 265082,9 + 111552,04 1

78 . 20

26

t= 376634,94 1

78 . 20

26

t= ( 4828.65 ) 1

. 20

Research Proposal Page 6

 26

t= 241,4325

26

t= 15,53 = 1.674

Step 9 : Interpret the result of the computation

With the df = N1 + N2 = 40 + 40 – 2 = 78, at P = .05 of two tailed, the critical

value of t is 2000. As the value of the derived t (to) is less than that of the critical t

(t-table) 1.674 < 2000, the Null Hypotheses (Ho) is retained, and the

Alternative Hypotheses (Ha) is rejected, stating that there is no significance

difference in the result between series of picture and the conventional method in

teaching writing to the first grade of SMP Negeri 1 Banjaran. This means that

series of picture as a means of teaching writing to the first grade of SMP Negeri 1

Banjaran is significantly better than the conventional method. This also means this

technique is effective.

7. Clarification of the Term

Aimed at giving a clear view on this study, the writer presents the definition of

the terms used in this study such:

a. Series is group related thing or events. (Oxpord Learners’s Pocket

Dictionary, 2000).

Picture is painting, drawing, etc shows a scene, a person or thing. (Oxpord

Learner’s Pocket Dictionary, 2000).

Research Proposal Page 7

 b. Writing is the activity or occupation of composing text for publication.

(Oxford Dictionaries).

8. Bibliography

Research Proposal Page 8