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Ligaments of pelvis
1-Sacrotuberous lig.
2-Sacrospinous lig.
3-Sacroiliac lig.
4-Sacrococcygeal lig
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Sacrotuberous lig:

Sacrum&coccyx---------------Ischial tuberosity

Sacrospinous lig

Sacrum &coccyx--------------Ischial spine

Obturator membrane: Fibrous sheet closes the obturator

foramen & leaving a small gap called (obturator canal)

Diameters of pelvic brim (pelvic inlet)

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1-Anteroposterior dia.
Extends from promontory of sacrum------------upper border
of symphysis pubis
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2-Oblique dia.(12cm)
Sacroiliac joint-----------------iliopectineal eminence

3-Transverse dia.(13cm)

Extends between furthest points on opposite ileopectneal

lines
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Diameters of pelvic outlet

Anatomical outlet Obstetric outlet

Lower border of each bone diamond shape

Sacrotuberous ligament

Diameters of pelvis in cm

Ant.post oblique transverse

Circular Brim 11 cm 12 cm 13 cm
Circular Cavity 12 cm 12 cm 12 cm
Diamond Outlet 13 cm 12 cm 11 cm
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Bones Ligaments Muscles

Pelvic walls
Fascia Peritoneum

Pelvic walls

Ant. wall Post. wall Lat. wall Inf.

wall(Floor)
Pelvic
diaphragm
Short long Lower part of
hip bone
Body of pubis Sacrum Obturator Levator ani M.
membrane
Rami of pubis Coccyx Sacrotuberous Coccygeus M.
lig
Symphysis Piriformis M. Sacrospinous Fascia
pubis lig. covering
these M.
Fascia Obturator
covering M. internus M.
Fascia
covering M.

 Anteriorly the pelvic diaphragm has a gap for the passage

of urethra & vagina
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Levator ani Muscle

Ant.Fibers Mid Fibers Post.Fibers

Sphincter Puborectalis&pubococcygeus Iliococcygeus
vaginae
Body of Body of pubis Pubis
pubis

Anococcygeal body Coccyx &

Perineal Anococcygeal
body body
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Action :
 Acts as a sling that support pelvic organs
 Resists the rise in intrapelvic pressure during
strain(couphing)
 Acts as a sphincter (anorectal sphincter & vaginal
sphincter)
Coccygeus M.
Ischial spine----------------------lower end of sacrum&coccyx
Action: Supports pelvic organs
 Anococcygeal body:Mass of fibrous tissue lies between
tip of coccyx& anal cnal
 Perineal body:Mass of fibrous tissue lies anterior to anal
canal
 Piriformis M.:
Sacrum---------passes through greater sciatic foramen--------
inserted into greater trochanter of femur
Action:Lateral rotates the femur at the hip
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 Obturator internus
Pelvic surface of obturator membrane+Adjacent hip bone

Lesser sciatic foramen

Greater trochanter
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Pelvic fascia

 It is formed of connective tissue

Above ---with fascia lining abdominal wall
Continuous
Below----with fascia of perineum
 Pelvic fascia is divided into parietal & visceral layers
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Parietal pelvic fascia:

Lines the wall of pelvis & overlies the muscles of pelvis.it
is named according to the Underlying muscles
(example:obturator internus fascia)
Pelvic fascia above pelvic diaphragm is called
(superior fascial layer) which is continuous through
deficient anteriorly with( inferior fascial layer) that lies
on inferior surface of pelvic diaphragm

In perineum below pelvic diaph.

Parietal pelvic fascia covers sphincter urethra & perineal
membrane(perineal layer of parietal pelvic fascia)which
forms the superior fascial layer of fascia of urogenital
diaphragm
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Visceral layer of pelvic fascia

It is formed of loose connective tissue covers all pelvic
organs
It is thickened to form ligaments & extends between
pelvic wall & pelvic organs
These ligaments are pubovesical & sacrocervical