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1 1
Positive integers Negative integers
i.e., {1, 2,3, ...... J i.e., 1- 1, - 2, - 3, .....}
Whole numbers I
1 1
I Natural numbers I I Zero (0)
I
2. Represent the integers on number line in descending order:
~
;
I.. )
Sol. On Monday, temperature at Srinagar = - 5°C distance travelled towards west? By which integer will
On Tuesday, temperature dropped = 2°C you represent her final position from A?
Temperature on Tuesday = (- 5°C) - 2°C Sol. West ( • East
= (- 5 - 2)Oe = -7°C C 0 A B
On Wednesday, temperature rose up = 4°C According to the number line, Rita move towards east is
Now, temperature on Wednesday = (-7°C) + 4°C represented by a positive integer. But she moves in opposite
= (-7 + 4)Oe = - 3°C. direction means Rita moves west, is represented by a negative
integer.
5tOOO~
Thus, temperatures on Tuesday and Wednesday - 7°C and
- 3°C respectively. ~ Distance from A to B = 20 km
Q4. A plane is flying at the height of Distance from B to e = 30 km
5000 m above the sea level. At a '- ~ Distance from A to e = (20 - 30) km = -10 km.
particular point, it is exactly -
Thus, Rita is at final position from A to C is - 10 km.
above a submarine floating 1200
Q7. In a magic square each row, column and diagonal have
m below the sea level. What is
the vertical distance between
them?
I o~
==========~========
-_ -- --_
J the same sum. Check which of the following is a magic
square.
---
H H ttJ
Sol. Height of a plane above the sea leveI1~r::===_=
__-_-_-_-_-=== 1 -10 0
= 5000 m +-...:-_-...:-_-_-_-_-_-_-_ -4 -3 -2
Floating a submarine below the sea level -6 4 -7
= 1200 m (i) (ii)
10 MATHEMATiCS-VII INTEGERS 11
Sol. In (i) box On putting values in RH.S. = a +b
Take row: 5 + (- 1) + (- 4) = 5 - 5 = 0 = 118 + 125 = 243
(- 5) + (- 2) + 7 = - 7 + 7 = 0 Thus, L.H.S. = RH.S.
0+3 + (- 3) = 3 - 3 = 0 Given that a = 75, b = 84
(iii)
Take column: 5 + (- 5) + 0 = 5 - 5 = 0 We have, a - (- b) = a + b
(- 1) + (- 2) + 3 = - 3 + 3 = 0 On putting values in L.H.S. = a - (- b)
(- 4) + 7 + (- 3) = 7 - 7 = 0 = 75 - (- 84) = 75 + 84 = 159
Take diagonal: 5 + (- 2) + (- 3) = 5 - 5 = 0 On putting values in RH.S. = a + b
(- 4) + (- 2) + 0 = - 6 = 75 + 84 = 159
In (ii) box Thus, L.H.S. = RH.S.
Take row: 1 + (- 10) + 0 = 1- 10 = - 9 (iv) Given that a = 28, b = 11
(- 4) + (- 3) + (- 2) = - 7 - 2 = - 9 We have, a - (- b) = a + b
(- 6) + 4 + (- 7) = - 2 - 7 = - 9 On putting values in L.H.S. = a - (- b)
Take column: 1 + (- 4) + (- 6) = 1- 10 = - 9 = 28-(-11) = 39
(- 10) + (- 3) + 4 = - 13 + 4 = - 9 On putting values in RH.S. = a + b
(0) + (- 2) + (- 7) = 0 - 9 = - 9 = 28 + 11 = 39
Take diagonal: 1 + (- 3) + (- 7) = 1- 10 = - 9 Thus, L.H.S. = RH.S. Hence verified.
0+ (- 3) + (- 6) = - 9. Q9. Use the sign of>, < or = in the box to make the statements
(i) box is not a magic square box because all the sums are true.
not equal. (a) r- 8) + (- 4) C] (-8) - (- 4)
(ii) box is a magic square box because all the sums are equal.
Q8. Verify a - (- b) = a + b for the following values of a and b:
(b) (- 3) + 7 - (19) 0 15 - 8 + r- 9)
(i) a = =
21, b 18 (ii) a = 118, b 125 = (c) 23-41+11023-41-11
(iii) a = =
75, b 84 (iv) a = 28, b 11 = (d) 39 + (- 24) - (15) C] 36 + (- 52) - (- 36)
Sol. (i) Given that a = 21, b = 18
We have, a - (- b) = a + b
(e) (- 231) + 79 + 51 0 (-
399) + 159 + 81.
On putting values in L.H.S. =a-(-b) Sol. Solving the terms, then comparing:
= 21- (- 18) = 21 + 18 = 39 (a) (-8)+(-4)C](-8)-(-4)
On putting values in RH.S. =a+b
= 21 + 18 = 39
-8-4 0-8+4
-12~-4.
Thus, L.H.S. = RH.S.
(ii) Given that a = 118, b = 125 (b) (- 3) + 7 - (19) C] 15 - 8 + (- 9)
We have, a - (- b) = a + b - 3 + 7 - 19015 - 8- 9
On putting values in L.H.S. = a - (- b)
4-19015-17
= 118 - (- 125) = 118 + 125
-15[;] - 2.
=243
INTEGERS 13
MATHEMATiCS-VII
12
1'jump
--------
steps up and then
jumps back 2 steps (I I I I I I I I I)
1 23456789
down in every move. In
how many jumps will
~
he reach back the top ~~
n
step? 411Jump 2 jump
=
(b) 4 - 2 + ••••• 8. The sum 8 in (b) represents going up by eighth steps.
In (a) the sum (- 8) represent going down by eight
steps. So, what will the sum 8 in (b) represent?
Sol. (i) He jumps 3 steps down and jumps back 2 steps up. Now,
following number ray shows the jumps of monkey:
14 MATHEMATiCS-VII INTEGERS 15
score? = 3000 x ~ 8
Sol. (i) Mohan gets marks for four correct questions = 4 x 5 = 20. = ~ (3000 x 8) = ~ 24,000.
He gets marks for six incorrect questions = 6 x (- 2) = -12. Loss on selling 5000 bags of grey cement
He attempts total 10 questions so, he does not get 0 marks. = 5000 x ~ 5
So, total score of Mohan = (4 x 5) + [6 x (- 2)] = ~ 25,000
= 20 + (- 12) Profit < Loss.
= 20 -12 So, his total loss on selling the grey cement bags
=8 = Loss - Profit
Thus, Mohan gets 8 marks in a class test. = ~ (5,000 x 5) - ~ (3,000 x 8)
(ii) Reshma gets marks for five correct questions = 5 x 5 = 25. = ~ 25,000 - ~ 24,000
She gets marks for fiveincorrect questions = 5 x (- 2) = -10. = ~ (25,000 - 24,000)
She attempts total 10 questions so, she does not get 0 = ~ 1,000
marks. Thus, he has lost of ~ 1,000 on selling the grey cement
So, Reshma's total score = (5 x 5) + [5 x (- 2)] bags.
= 25 -10 (b) Let the number of bags of white cement be x:
= 15. According to given condition,
Thus, Reshma gets 15 marks in a class test.
20 MATHEMATiCS-VII
INTEGERS 21
("31) 3-3
Q9. Replace the blank with an integer to make it a true
statement: = (- 3) x = =-1
(a) (- 3) x = 27 (b) 5 x = - 35 (i) [(- 6)+ 5] + [(- 2) + 1] = (- 6 + 5) + (- 2 + 1)
(c) x (- 8) 56 =-
(d) x (- 12) 132 = -1
= (- 1) + (- 1) = -1 x - = 1.
Sol. (a) (-3)x (-9) =27 (b) 5x (-7) =-35 1
Q2. Verify that a + (b + c) =1= (a + b) + (a + c) for each of the
(c) 7 x (- 8) =- 56 (d) (-11) x(-12)=132 following values of a, band c.
(a) a = 12, b = - 4, c = 2 (b) a = (- 10), b = 1, c = 1.
El(ercise 1.4 (Page No. 26) Sol. (a) We have, a + (b + c) =1= (a + b) + (a + c)
Putting the values a = 12, b = - 4 and c = 2 in L.H.S.,
Q1. Evaluate each of the following:
a + (b + c) = 12 + (- 4 + 2)
(a) (- 30) + 10 (b) 50+(-5)
(c) (- 36) + (- 9) (d) c- 49) + 49 1
= 12 + r- 2) = 12 x ( -2 ) = - 6
(e) 13 + [(- 2) + 1] (f) 0 + (-12)
Again, putting the values a = 12, b = - 4 and c = 2 in RH.S.,
(g) (- 31) + [(- 30) + (-1)] (h) [(- 36) + 12] + 3
(a + b) + (a + c) = [12 + (- 4)] + (12 + 2)
e:)
(i) [(- 6) + 5] + [(- 2) + 1]
1
1 - 30 = [12X( -4 )] + (12X%) = (-~2) +
Sol. (a) (- 30) + 10 = (- 30) x - = - =- 3
10 10
("5-1) -
=-3+6=3
50 Therefore, L.H.S. =1= RH.S. Hence verified.
(b) 50 + (- 5) = 50 x = -5- = - 10
(b) We have, a + (b + c) =1= (a + b) + (a + c)
(c) (-36)+(-9)=(-36)x
(-1)
-
9
= --36
-9
=4
Putting the values a = (- 10), b = 1 and c = 1 in L.H.S.,
a + (b + c) = (- 10) + (1 + 1) = (- 10) + (2)
(f) 0 + (- 12) = 0 x -
12 (-1) 0
= - =0
12
= (-10 x 1)+ (-10 xl)
= - 10 - 10 = - 20
(g) (- 31) + u- 30) + (- 1)] = (- 31) + (- 30 -1) Therefore, L.H.S. =1= RH.S. Hence verified.
INTEGERS 23
22 MATHEMATiCS-VII