REVISION MAP

Polymers
These are the high molecular mass compounds formed by the union of a large number of small molecules.

Related Terms Based on Structure Classification

Monomer Linear Polymers

These are the small molecules that join
together to form a polymer.
Repeating Unit
It is the smallest unit which repeat again
and again to give the complete chain of
polymer. It may consist of one or more
than one monomers.
These have long and straight chains, e.g. Based on Molecular Forces
high density polythene (HDPE) , polyvinyl
chloride (PVC), etc.
Elastomers
These are the stretchable polymers due to
Branched Polymers the presence of weakest intermolecular
These have some branches in the forces, e.g, buna-S, rubber, neoprene, etc.
straight chain, e.g. low density polythene
(LDP).

Polymerisation
It is the process of formation of polymers
from respective monomers.
Cross-linked Polymers
These are the network polymers and are
formed by bi or tri functional monomers,
e.g. bakelite.
Fibres
These are thread like and have strong forces
like hydrogen bonding or dipole-dipole
interactions, e.g, nylon-6, 6, terylene, etc.

Thermoplastics
Based on Monomers These have forces intermediate of
Addition Polymerisation elastomers and fibres.
Here, monomer units combine together with These can be moulded again and again, e.g.
Homopolymers
no loss of small molecules. It is also called polystyrene, polythene, etc.
These have only one type of
chain growth polymerisation, e.g. polythene,
monomers, e.g. polythene, nylon-6,
teflon, etc.
etc.
Thermosetting Polymers
Monomer of Some Addition Polymers These are highly branched molecules and
Copolymers cannot be moulded again, e.g,. bakelite,
Polymer Monomer
These have more than one type of melamine, formaldehyde resin.
Polythene Ethene monomers , e.g. nylon-6, 6, buna-S,
Teflon Tetrafluoroethene etc.
(CF2= = CF2) Vulcanisation of Rubber
Orlon Acrylonitrile
(CH2= = CHCN) ?
It is the process of introduction of
Rubber Isoprene Monomer of Some Condensation cross-links in rubber by heating it with S.
(polyisoprene) CH2= = C( CH3)CH=CH2
= Polymers ?
It makes the rubber hard and decrease its
Neoprene Chloroprene Cl Polymer Monomer water absorption power.
—

CH2= = CH—C= =CH2 Nylon-6, 6 Adipic acid +

Buna-S Butadiene + styrene hexamethylene
diamine Biodegradable Polymers
Buna-N Butadiene + acrylonitrile
Nylon-6 Caprolactam These are the polymers which are degraded
(or perlon) by microorganisms, e.g.
Terylene Ethylene glycol (i) Poly-b -hydroxybutyrate-co-b-hydroxy
Condensation Polymerisation + terephthalic acid valerate (PHBV) – a polymer of
Here, monomers are combined with the Bakelite Phenol + formaldehyde 3-hydroxy butanoic acid and
elimination of small molecules like water 3-hydroxy pentanoic acid.
(H2O), ammonia (NH3), etc. (ii) Nylon-2,nylon-6 – a polymer of glycine
It is also called step growth polymerisation, and caproic acid.
e.g. nylon-6, bakelite, etc.