07/09/2019

STRUKTUR KOMPOSIT
Sarjana Terapan TRPPBS – DTIS ITS

CHAPTER – 2
FLEXTURE CONCRETE COMPOSITES

Dosen Pengajar :
Afif Navir Refani, ST., MT.
navir@ce.its.ac.id / +628113411985

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LECTURE CONTENTS
Composites Material
Composites Material
Application for
Introduction (concrete –
structural
concrete)
strengthening

Steel – Concrete
Evaluation 2 Evaluasi 1
Composites

Designing Of
Concrete – carbon
Composites Evaluation 3
fiber composites
Member

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CODES AND REFERENCES
• Persyaratan Beton Struktural
(SNI 2847-2013) ACI 318M 14
Pasal 10.13 & pasal 17
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CODES AND REFERENCES
• Peter H Emmons – “Concrete repair
and Maintenance Illustrated”
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• Design of Externally Bonded FRP
• Spesifikasi untuk Bangunan Gedung System for Strengthening Concrete
Baja Struktural Structure (ACI 440.2R – 2008)
(SNI 1729-2016) AISC 2010
BAB I
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• American Institute of Steel
• Charles G. Salmon & John E. Johnson Construction (AISC 360-10)
“Steel Structures – Design &
Behavior”, Fourth Edition
Chapter 16
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Struktur komposit (Composites Structure) merupakan struktur yang terdiri dari

dua material atau lebih dengan sifat bahan yang berbeda dan membentuk satu
kesatuan sehingga menghasilkan sifat gabungan yang lebih baik.

COMPOSITES
STRUCTURE

Existing Conrete Steel – Concrete Concrete with

with new Concrete Composites carbon fiber
COMPOSITES • Column / beam • filled composite • External bonding
STRUCTURE Jacketing
• Slab Overlay
members
• encased composite
CFRP
• CFRP for shear
members

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Composite Members For

Strengthening
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RETROFITTING USING CONCRETE COMPOSITE MEMBERS

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RETROFITTING USING STEEL COMPOSITE MEMBERS

filled composite members

encased composite members

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RETROFITTING USING COMPOSITE MEMBERS

filled composites member at Column and Beam

A. Steel Column (H-Shape)

B. Connections (Bolt – Shear type)
C. Stud / Shear Connector (for steel beam to concrete slab)
D. Steel Beam (IWF – Shape)
E. Stud / Shear Connector (for steel beams to concrete filled)
F. Shear Reinforcement
G. Flexture Reinforcement
H. Concrete filled to Steel
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RETROFITTING USING COMPOSITE MEMBERS

encased composite members 13

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RETROFITTING USING COMPOSITE MEMBERS

Failure modes of composite column (filled composites member)

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RETROFITTING USING COMPOSITE MEMBERS

Failure modes of composite column (filled composites member)

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RETROFITTING USING COMPOSITE MEMBERS

Combination method to retrofit

(Steel Shape Filled with concrete and wrapped with CFRP
+ GFRP Sheets)

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CFRP LAMINATE TAPE

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COMPOSITES
STRUCTURE
CONCRETE EXISTING & NEW CONCRETE

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1 2 3
Slab Overlay Beam Jacketing Column Jacketing

CONCRETE COMPOSITES

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COMPOSITES
STRUCTURE
SLAB OVERLAY (FLEXTURE COMPOSITES ELEMENT)

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CONCRETE JACKETING
Jacketing a Reinforced concrete member is done to enhance it's strength.
This may be necessary either in case of increase of load or to overcome
deficiencies that may develop over time.
This is mostly done for compression members like columns in a building,
piers and abutments of bridges. The process is similar to wearing a jacket
in extreme weather conditions and hence the name.
The old concrete surface is thoroughly cleared of loose material or Cement
plaster if any and cleaned properly. Reinforcement bars both vertical and
horizontal are provided as per design and concrete is poured.

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Balanced Strain Condition

Condition where the yield of steel reinforcement and the crushing of outer concrete
compressive fiber occur at the same time.
Or condition when ultimate strain of concrete occur the same time as steel yield strain

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Balanced Strain Condition

Strain linear relationship :
cb εu
=
d εu + ε y
εu 0.003 600
= =
ε u + ε y 0.003 + fy / 200000 600 + fy

From force equilibrium :

Cb = Tb
0.85 f c'bab = Asb f y
0.85 f c'b(β1cb ) = ρ b bdf y

0.85β1 f c' cb
ρb =
fy d
0.85β1 f c' 600
ρb =
fy 600 + f y

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Balanced Strain Condition

To ensure the structure is under reinforced condition :
0.85β1 f c' 600
ρ max = 0.75 ρ b = 0.75
fy 600 + f y
Minimum reinforcement for flexural member :
3 f c' 1.4
Asmin = bw d ≥ bw d
fy fy

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Doubly Reinforced Concrete Section

A’s : Compression Steel Reinforcement.

C’s : Compression Force in Steel Reinforcement.
f’s : Compression Stress in Steel Reinforcement.

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Doubly Reinforced Concrete Section

A’s : Compression Steel Reinforcement.

C’s : Compression Force in Steel Reinforcement.
f’s : Compression Stress in Steel Reinforcement.

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Doubly Reinforced Concrete Section

Cc = T1 Cs ' = T2 M n = M n1 + M n 2
0.85 f 'c ab = ( As − As ') f y M n 2 = As ' f s (d − d ')  a
M n = ( As − As ') f y  d −  + As ' f s (d − d ')
 a  2
M n1 = ( As − As ') f y  d − 
 2

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Doubly Reinforced Concrete Section

Force Equilibrium :
C =T
C = Cc + C s '
T = T1 + T2
Solving the force equilibrium we can achieve that :

As f y − As ' f s ( As − As ') f y
a= ;a =
0.85 f 'c b 0.85 f 'c b

All the formula above can be used only if all the steel compression is yields,
otherwise the fs value must be calculate accurately.

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Analysis Procedure of Doubly RC Beam

Step – by – Step :
#1 Calculate the ρ, ρ’ and ρmin.
#2 Check The Compression Steel Yields (If it yields then proceed to #4) :
0.85β1 f c' d ' 600
ρ − ρ' ≥
f yd 600 − f y
#3 Calculate The Compression Steel Stress (fs) :
 0.85β1 f c' d ' 
f s' = 6001 − 

 ( )
ρ − ρ ' f y d 
#4 Calculate stress block depth (a) :
As f y − As ' f s ( As − As ') f y
a= ;a =
0.85 f 'c b 0.85 f 'c b
#5 Calculate φMn :
 a
M n = ( As − As ') f y  d −  + As ' f s (d − d ')
 2

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LIMITATION FOR FLEXTURE COMPOSITE COMPONENT

Ps 21.11.6 SNI 2847-2013

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LIMITATION FOR FLEXTURE COMPOSITE COMPONENT

The length of steel headed stud anchors shall not be less than
four stud diameters from the base of the steel headed stud
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anchor to the top of the stud head after installation.

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Force Transfer Mechanisms

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SHEAR FORCE CAPACITY

▰ Vu ≤ Ø Vnh
▰ Vnh = 0,55 bv . d
Dimana :
Vu = Gaya Geser Horizontal Ultimate
Vnh = Gaya Geser Nominal
Ø = 0,75 (geser)
bv = lebar pelat komposit
D = tebal pelat overlay

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CASE STUDY 1

FLEXTURE ELEMENT (SLAB)

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CASE STUDY 1 Data mutu material :

fc = 25 Mpa
Tumpuan fy = 240 Mpa
Ø10 - 125

Decking = 25mm
T = 50 mm (Overlay)

Decking = 25mm
T = 120 mm (Pelat Eksisting)

Decking = 25mm

Tumpuan

Ø10 - 125

4000mm
Hitung :
1. Kapasitas Momen Pelat Eksisting (Tumpuan dan Lapangan)
2. Tentukan tinggi garis netral pelat setelah overlay
3. Kapasitas Momen Pelat Setelah overlay (Tumpuan dan Lapangan)

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MOMENT CAPACITY
EXISTING (120mm)
ENDSPAN

Mn(tump) = 13.06 kNm

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MOMENT CAPACITY
EXISTING (120mm)
MIDSPAN

Mn(lap) = 3.80 kNm

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MOMENT CAPACITY
OVERLAY (170mm)
ENDSPAN

Mn(tump) = 27.22 kNm

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MOMENT CAPACITY
OVERLAY (170mm)
MIDSPAN

Mn(lap) = 18.50 kNm

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SHEAR CONNECTOR CALCULATION

Perhitungan stud pelat lantai :

Dipakai stud 5 kaki Ø10 mm

𝐴𝑣 = 5 × × 𝜋 × 10 = 392,70 𝑚𝑚

Vnh = 0,55 x bv x d 𝐴 𝑓 𝑑
𝑉 =
𝑠
= 0,55 x 1000 mm x 50 mm 392,70 × 240 × 50
36.666 =
= 27.500 N 𝑠
, × ×
𝑠= .
= 128,52 mm ≈ 125mm
Vu = Vnh / Ø = 27.500 N / 0,75 = 36.666 N
Pasal 17.6.1 berbunyi bahwa bila pengikat sengkang tidak boleh kurang luas daripada luas yang diperlukan oleh
11.4.6.3, dan spasi pengikat tidak boleh melebihi empat kali dimensi terkecil elemen yang ditumpu, atau melebihi 600
mm.
Smaks = 4 x 50 mm = 200 mm atau S ≤ 600 mm
Maka, Spakai = 125 mm < 200 mm (OK)
SNI 03-2847-2013 Pasal 11.4.6.3 :
5 × 𝜋 × 10 𝑏𝑤 × 𝑆
𝐴𝑣 = <
4 3𝑓𝑦
𝑏𝑤 × 𝑆
= 392,70 𝑚𝑚 > = 173,61 𝑚𝑚 (𝑂𝐾)
3𝑓𝑦
Maka dipakai tulangan stud 5Ø10 mm – 125mm (Per 1m’ lebar pelat terdapat 5 kaki tulangan stud / geser). 54
Kemudian arah memanjang, dipasang sejarak 125mm

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PRACTICE – CASE STUDY 2

FLEXTURE ELEMENT (SLAB)

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PRACTICE – CASE STUDY 2

• Pelat eksisting tebal 120mm memiliki Momen Ultimate yang terjadi :

bentang : * Momen arah sb. x pd Lap. & Tump.

– Lx = 4.00 m Mtx = = 1015.95 Kgm

Mlx = = 811.1 Kgm
– Ly = 6.60 m
* Momen arah sb. y pd Lap. & Tump.
• Mutu beton : 20 Mpa Mty = = 1015.95 Kgm
• Mutu baja tulangan : 240 Mpa Mly = = 811.1 Kgm
• Decking = 25mm HITUNGLAH :
• Diameter tulangan eksisting : • Safety Factor Pelat Eksisting dibandingkan dengan momen yang
– Ø10mm – 100 (tumpuan x & y) terjadi
– Ø10mm – 200 (lapangan x & y) • Tentukan penebalan pelat dan penulangannya jika kapasitas pelat
eksisting tidak mencukupi
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END OF LECTURES 2

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