CE COR 1 | MATHEMATICS, SURVEYING, AND TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

LECTURE NO 01: ALGEBRA 1 NOV 24, 2018

Factor Theorem Solve the following inequalities

If f(x) is a polynomial and r is a 9. 4x+1>x+5

real number, then x-r is a factor 10. 5-2y≤9+y
of f(x) if and only if f(r)=0 11. |3x+1|<4
12. |3z-4|>2
1. Solve the cubic equation
𝑡+1
x^3-2x^2-5x+6=0 by using factor 13. >0
theorem 3𝑡−6
2. Find the value of k so that x+3 2𝑥+3
14. ≤1
is a factor of 3x^3+kx^2-7x+6 𝑥+2
15. t^2>9
Remainder Theorem 16. t^2<9
17. x^2+2x-3>0
If a polynomial f(x) is divided by 18. t^2-2t-8<0
x-r, the remainder (R) is equal to
Binomial Series
f(r)
19. Determine the expansion of
3. Find the quotient and remainder (2p-3q)^5 using Pascal’s Triangle
when x^5-3x^4+4x+5 is divided by and binomial series
x-2 20. Find the middle term of
4. Determine the remainder when (2p- 1/2q)^10
(3x^3-2x^2+x-5) is divided by 21. Determine the 5th term of
(x+5) (3+x^2)^7
22. Determine the term involving
Partial Fractions a^(8)b^(6) in the expansion of
Resolve the following into partial (3a^2+b^3)^6
fractions 23. Determine the term free of
3𝑥 2 +32𝑥−51 variable x from the expression
5.
(𝑥−1)(𝑥−2)(𝑥+3) (x^3- 1/x)^8
4𝑥 2 +7𝑥+8
6. Expansion of Trinomials
𝑥(𝑥+2)3 24. Find the coefficient of the term
𝑥 4 −𝑥 3 +14𝑥 2 −2𝑥+22 involving a^(8)b^(-1)c^(6) in the
7.
(𝑥+1)(𝑥 2 +4)(𝑥 2 −2𝑥+5) expansion of
3𝑥 4 −19𝑥 3 +60𝑥 2 −91𝑥+64 (5a^2+6b^-1+7c^3)^11
8.
𝑥(𝑥 2 −3𝑥+4)2 Sum of Coefficients and Exponents
Inequalities
Determine the sum of coefficients of
When a quantity is added or subtracted
the following expression
to both sides of an inequality, the
25. (x^2+x)^13
inequality still remains
26. (11x^2-10x+1)^9
When multiplying or dividing both sides
of an inequality by a positive Determine the sum of exponents of the
quantity, the inequality remains the following expressions
same 27. (x^3+y^7)^15
28. (a^2+b^8+c)^11
When multiplying or dividing both sides 29. (q^6+r^8+s^(-7)+t)^9
of an inequality by a negative
quantity, the inequality is reversed

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CE COR 1 | MATHEMATICS, SURVEYING, AND TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
LECTURE NO 01: ALGEBRA 1 NOV 24, 2018

Arithmetic Progression its contents and then filled with

30. Derive an equation for a general water. If this is done 20 times,
nth term of an arithmetic how many liters of wine remain in
sequence whose first term is 8 and the cask?
the common difference is 3
31. Find the 17th term of the Harmonic Progression
arithmetic progression 11,16,21… 44. Find the 21st term of the
32. Determine the first term if the harmonic progression 1/2, 1/5,
25th term of an arithmetic 1/8…
progression is 85 and the common 45. If the 5th term of an harmonic
difference is 7 progression is 32 and the 9th term
33. If the 11th term of an is 8. Find the 25th term
arithmetic progression is 21 and
the 75th term is 581, find the Assignment No.2
19th term
34. Insert three arithmetic means 1. Solve for x in the expression
between 11 and 14 ..
𝑥..
35. The first three terms in AP are 𝑥
𝑥𝑥𝑥
20, 16 and 12. Which term is-96? 𝑥
𝑥 = 10
36. What is the sum of the first 20
2. When solving the differential
terms of the previous problem?
equation
37. Determine x so that 2x+1, 10x- 𝑑2 𝜃 𝑑𝜃
15,2x^2+9 will be an arithmetic −6 − 10𝜃 = 20 − 𝑒 2𝑡
𝑑𝑡 2 𝑑𝑡
progression by Laplace transform, for given
38. Rolls of carpet are stacked in boundary conditions, the
20 rows with 3 rolls on top row, following expression for 𝐿{𝜃}
4 rolls in the next row, and so results:
on, forming an arithmetic 39
sequence. Find the number of 4𝑠 3 − 2 𝑠 2 + 42𝑠 − 40
𝐿{𝜃} =
capital rolls if there are 22 𝑠(𝑠 − 2)(𝑠 2 − 6𝑠 + 10)
rolls in the bottom row. resolve 𝐿{𝜃} into partial
fractions.
Geometric Progression 3. On commencing employment, a man
39. Determine the 18th term of the is paid a salary of Php 180,000
geometric progression 9, 18, 27… per annum and receives annual
40. Find the sum of the first ten increments of Php 30,000.
terms of the previous problem Determine his salary in the ninth
41. Find the sum of the first eight year and calculate the total he
terms of the geometric will have in the first 12 years.
progression, x+8, 7x+4, 4x^2+17 4. 150 g of a radioactive substance
42. A rubber ball is dropped from a disintegrates at a rate of 3.2%
height of 9m and each time it per annum. How much of the
strikes the ground, it bounces to substance is left after 12 years?
a height 2/3 of that from which 5. If Php 5000.00 is invested at
it falls. Find the total distance compound interest of 8% per
travelled by the ball before it annum, determine (a) the value
comes to rest after 15 years, (b) the time,
43. A cask containing 20 liters of correct to the nearest year, it
wine was emptied of one-fifth of takes to reach Php 15,000.

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CE COR 1 | MATHEMATICS, SURVEYING, AND TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
LECTURE NO 01: ALGEBRA 1 NOV 24, 2018

Solution for Nos 5 to 8 (Partial Fractions)

5. 3𝑥 2 + 32𝑥 − 51 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
= + +
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 3) 𝑥 − 1 𝑥 − 2 𝑥 + 3
3𝑥 2 + 32𝑥 − 51 = 𝐴(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 3) + 𝐵(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 3) + 𝐶(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)
𝑆𝑒𝑡 𝑥 = 1: − 16 = 𝐴(−1)(4) 𝐴=4
𝑆𝑒𝑡 𝑥 = 2: 25 = 𝐵(1)(5) 𝐵=5
𝑆𝑒𝑡 𝑥 = −3: − 120 = 𝐶(−4)(−5) 𝐶 = −6

6. 4𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 8 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 𝐷
3
= + + 2
+
𝑥(𝑥 + 2) 𝑥 𝑥 + 2 (𝑥 + 2) (𝑥 + 2)3
4𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 8 = 𝐴(𝑥 + 2)3 + 𝐵𝑥(𝑥 + 2)2 + 𝐶𝑥(𝑥 + 2) + 𝐷𝑥
4𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 8 = 𝐴(𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 8) + 𝐵(𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥) + 𝐶(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) + 𝐷𝑥
𝑆𝑒𝑡 𝑥 = 0: 8 = 𝐴(8) 𝐴=1
𝑆𝑒𝑡 𝑥 = −2: 10 = 𝐷(−2) 𝐷 = −5
3
𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 : 0=𝐴+𝐵 0 =1+𝐵 𝐵 = −1
𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2 : 4 = 6𝐴 + 4𝐵 + 𝐶 4 = 6(1) + 4(−1) + 𝐶 𝐶=2

7. 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 3 + 14𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 22 𝐴 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸
= + +
(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 2 + 4)(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 5) 𝑥 + 1 𝑥 2 + 4 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 5
𝑥 4 − 𝑥 3 + 14𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 22 = 𝐴(𝑥 2 + 4)(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 5) + (𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶)(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 5) + (𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸)(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 2 + 4)
𝑥 4 − 𝑥 3 + 14𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 22
= 𝐴(𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 3 + 9𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 20) + 𝐵(𝑥 4 − 𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥) + 𝐶(𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 5)
+ 𝐷(𝑥 4 + 𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥) + 𝐸(𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4)
𝑆𝑒𝑡 𝑥 = −1: 40 = 40𝐴 𝐴=1
4
𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 : 1=𝐴+𝐵+𝐷
3
𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 : − 1 = −2𝐴 − 𝐵 + 𝐶 + 𝐷 + 𝐸
𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2 : 14 = 9𝐴 + 3𝐵 − 3𝐶 + 4𝐷 + 4𝐸
𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥: − 2 = −8𝐴 + 5𝐵 + 3𝐶 + 4𝐷 + 4𝐸
𝐵=0 𝐶 = −2 𝐷=0 𝐸=3

8. 3𝑥 4 − 19𝑥 3 + 60𝑥 2 − 91𝑥 + 64 𝐴 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸

2 2
= + 2 + 2
𝑥(𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 4) 𝑥 𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 4 (𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 4)2
3𝑥 4 − 19𝑥 3 + 60𝑥 2 − 91𝑥 + 64 = 𝐴(𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 4)2 + (𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶)(𝑥)(𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 4) + (𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸)𝑥
3𝑥 4 − 19𝑥 3 + 60𝑥 2 − 91𝑥 + 64
= 𝐴(𝑥 4 − 6𝑥 3 + 17𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 + 16) + 𝐵(𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 ) + 𝐶(𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥) + 𝐷𝑥 2 + 𝐸𝑥
𝑆𝑒𝑡 𝑥 = 0: 64 = 16𝐴 𝐴=4
4
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 3 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥
3=𝐴+𝐵 −19 = −6𝐴 − 3𝐵 + 𝐶 60 = 17𝐴 + 4𝐵 − 3𝐶 + 𝐷 −91 = −24𝐴 + 4𝐶 + 𝐸
3= 4+𝐵 −19 = −6(4) − 3(−1) + 𝐶 60 = 17(4) + 4(−1) − 3(2) + 𝐷 −91 = −24(4) + 4(2) + 𝐸
𝐵 = −1 𝐶=2 𝐷=2 𝐸 = −3

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