VESDA by Xtralis

Advanced Smoke Detection

Technologies & Applications
Khaleel Rehman
Director Business Development – AMERICAS
Email: Khaleel.Rehman@Honeywell.com
 DETECTED. CONNECTED. PROTECTED.
Presentation Overview

 Xtralis Corporate Overview

 The Need for Early-Warning Detection in Industrial Applications
 Air-Sampling Overview – VESDA E, the new generation of ASD
 How is ASD Used in Industrial Environments?
 VESDA Detectors for Oil & Gas and Marine Applications i.e.
VESDA VLC Ex. Detector
 USCG & SIL II Update
 Summary and Live Demonstration
Forewords

 This document is intended to describe recent advances in smoke and

gas detection that are particularly relevant to waste collection and
recycling facilities.
 Historically, it has always been considered impractical to provide a
reliable smoke detection system in such environment.
 Traditional Point-type detectors also pose significant installation and
maintenance costs.
 The development of Aspirating Smoke detectors (smoke and gas)
purpose built for harsh industrial environments challenges these
assumptions, and may provide much earlier warning of an incident
enabling a more effective safety response.
Introduction
• Landfill fires occur frequently. In the USA there are around 8300 fires per year,
and in the UK around 300. With the potential for serious loss of life and dire
environmental consequences, the need to understand the often mysterious
nature of landfill fires is greater than ever (Source US Fire Administration).
• There is a fire at a recycling or waste management facility on average
once every day, according to figures from the Environment Agency (Source FIA).
• Insurance Firms “Moving Away” from Waste Industry: following a recent spate of
fires at waste industry plants this year, insurance firms have warned that
premiums are on the rise and cover is being affected.
• A chemical firm has been prosecuted after a major explosion at a waste
management site in Lancashire left three workers with serious burns.
• A man has lost his life in an accident at a waste recycling facility in Dublin.

A Waste Recycling plant fires every day …

A major fire may always occur …

There is a fire at a recycling or waste

management facility on average almost
once every day.

The Jayplas Recycling Plant in Smethwick near

Birmingham suffered £6 million worth of damage when
100,000 tonnes of waste plastic and paper was set
alight on the morning 23rd December 2013.
Waste Collection and Recycling facilities.
Very challenging conditions …
 Challenging environments

These could be characterised by:

• Extreme temperatures (incineration).
• High voltages (machineries).
• Large electro-mechanical devices (friction due to collection and
sorting).
• Corrosive environments (water and chemical treatments).
• Hazardous atmospheres (decomposition, chemical reaction).
• Dirty processes and dusty environments (sorting and storing).
Limitations of traditional solutions

Passive Systems

 Contamination of beam detector, Point-type detectors with lint, soot,

etc... can bring the detector ineffective with maybe no fault report.
 No window for pre-emptive action
 The Need for Early Warning Detection
Major Fire Risks in Electrical Switch Gear room and Power
Plants

 Electrical faults in cables, connections and other components,

including power distribution and mechanical equipment

 Overheating due to excessive friction or equipment malfunction

• Human error – Facility personnel and

outside vendors or contractors.

• Bad house keeping

• External sources and natural events

such as arson, lightning, wind, etc.
The Need for Early Warning Detection

 Burnt contactor in cabinet

 The Need for Early Warning Detection

What is corrosion ??
• Smoke Contamination
 The large amounts of plastics, cabling, circuit
boards, and other fuel sources may smolder
for long periods of time releasing corrosive
combustion byproducts such as zinc
chloride (ZCI) solution, hydrogen fluoride
(HF) and hydrogen bromide (HBr). These
byproducts can damage sensitive electronic
data processing equipment and pose a
serious threat to network reliability as well as
personnel health and safety.

 Soot particles may form an insulating layer on

equipment, which may impact contacts.
Short circuits in microelectronics
due to corrosion
 Conductive soot may lead to electrical shorts.
 Major causes of FIRES

“Experience shows that a fire can break out at virtually any time. Just
because many buildings have not experienced a fire for decades does not
mean that there is no risk of fire; rather, those concerned are fortunate -
but they could become liable for damages in the future.“

13
 Very Early Warning Detection
Advanced Detection Complete Solutions for All Environments
FAAST ASD VESDA-E Next Generation ASD OSID - Open-area Smoke
Detection
OSI-10 OSE-SP
Analytics
VEP-A10-P VEP-A00-P VEP-A00-1P

FAAST XT FAAST XT-PRO

OSI-45 OSE--SPW
VEU-A10 VEU-A00

FAAST XS FAAST XM

OSI-90 OSE-HPW
Xtralis
ASD VEA-040-A10 VEA-040-A00
XAS-1 XAS-2

VESDA — World’s Leading ASD Brand

ECO Gas Detection
ECO

ECO-Ex

VLS VLP VFT-15 VLI

ECO-Ex2

VLC VLC Marine VLC-EX VLF

ASD Technology
A detection system which actively draws air from a zone, via a pipe
network, to a smoke detector.
Specific Environmental Hazards
 Dusty and High Pollution Levels

─ Air-sampling monitors airflow to ensure no loss of system integrity

ACTIVE DETECTION vs PASSIVE DETECTION

Air-sampling detectors can’t be fooled by contamination, blockage or tampering

 Aspirated Smoke Detectors
• Multiple active sampling holes
to central detector
• Advanced light scattering
chamber
• Very Early Waring and
absolute detection
• Advanced connectivity
17
• Cumulative detection – smoke
in to more than one hole
• Ease of install and pipe
network supervision
• Centralized Detection and
Maintenance
• BUT… no addressability
18
VEA Sampling Port – Placement and Coverage
NFPA 72 – Ch. 17 Initiating Devices
17.7.3.6 Air Sampling–Type Smoke
Detector.
17.7.3.6.1 Each sampling port of an air
sampling–type smoke detector shall be
treated as a spot-type detector for the
purpose of location and spacing.
19
17.7.3.2.3.1* In the absence of specific
performance-based design
criteria, one of the following
requirements shall apply:
(1) The distance between smoke detectors shall not exceed
a nominal spacing of 30 ft (9.1 m) and there shall be
detectors within a distance of one-half the nominal spacing,
measured at right angles from all walls or partitions
Extending upward to within the top 15 percent of the ceiling
height.
(2)*All points on the ceiling shall have a detector within a
distance equal to or less than 0.7 times the nominal 30ft
(9.1 m) spacing (0.7S).
VEA – Operation (Smoke Event)
 Upon detection of smoke it raises a global alarm, upon reaching
Fire 1 Threshold it then scans each tube in pairs.

 This Scanning function identifies the smoke source by tube with

the highest level of Obsc.

 Commissioning stage, smoke test each sampling point, using

walk test to make it easier.

20
 INDUSTRIAL CABINET

Risk and Challenge

• Access:Access to electrical cabinets is easy but when detection
is in cabinet it will be difficult to access and maintain.

• In Case of Fire: Downtown of business a very critical.

How We Can Provide Value

• Pinpoint Addressability: pinpoint addressability allow s quick response
and limited or partial shutdow n in case of fire detection.
• Assured Detection: Active detection provides earlier detection than
passive smoke detection systems allow ing early intervention.
• Auto Cleaning: Auto cleaning microbore tubes and sampling point
significantly improves usability of the system.
• Centralized Maintenance: Eliminating the need to access the cabinet
for testing or maintenance.
 VESDA Addressability
VESDA Addressability pinpoints threats
 VESDA-E VEA delivers early warning and reliable smoke detection
with the added benefit of pinpoint addressability with Sintered End
of Line Filter – Brass type (Microbore) as customized solution
 Handles dust related issues at sampling point for longevity of the
detector life
 Easy to clean each sampling point for user friendly maintenance
 6mm microbore sampling tubes two type:
 UL 1820 compliant with fire resistant prop. for Industrial application
 Nylon for normal application
 Class 1 Div 2 Approvals from FM expected in end 2018
 Seismic Testing Completed

VEA can expand from 40

to 120 addresses per unit
 VESDA-E VEA
Industry First Addressable ASD with Assured Detection and
Centralized Maintenance

 Reliable VESDA detection with end to end

system integrity monitoring
 Flexible microbore tubes with push fit sampling
points allows simple and fast installation
 Unique centralized test and maintenance saves
significant time and money
 VESDA-E connectivity and iVESDA delivers
improved commissioning and enhanced
monitoring VS

 Smaller ceiling footprint allows for unobtrusive

detection valued in many applications

23
 VESDA-E VEA – Assured Detection
VEA is always more reliable to detect smoke

 Active sampling continuously draws air

for earliest detection and intervention
preventing loss of life and assets Active Passive

 Full supervision of microbore tubes and

sampling points ensures total system
availability and no missed alarms

 Self cleaning sampling points prevent Supervised
Unsupervised
contamination and blockages and
minimises false alarms

 Reliable early warning with absolute

calibration, dual stage filtering, optics 
protection and programmable thresholds Self Clean Contaminated

24
 VESDA-E VEA–Flexible and Fast Installation
VEA is fast and easy to install

 VEA detector is located in central location

expandable up to 120 sampling points placed at
standard addressable detector spacing
 Flexible microbore tubes are easy to install with
push-fit connections and passive hence no
compliance requirements to electrical codes
 Unique serial numbers and tube length
markings allow pre-engineered and faster
installation
 Eliminates need for electrical configuration
including electrical cables, junction box,
reduces installation cost and time

25
 VESDA-E VEA – Reduced Maintenance and TCO
VEA delivers savings
 Centralized test and maintenance reduces service
time by up to 90% and saves up to 60% in TCO

 Full supervision allows centralized smoke test at the

detector eliminating smoke test at each individual
sampling points

 Readily accessible VEA detector improve service and

maintenance productivity achieving up to 500 address
a day

 Field replaceable components reduced service and

maintenance time and cost

 Remote access with the iVESDA app allows informed

service preparation and live event monitoring

26
 VESDA-E VEA – Interruption Free Operation
VEA keeps business focused
 Remote maintenance ideally suited to
applications where interruption free business
operation is essential

 Suitable for applications where pre-approval

or special access to restricted or secure
areas is required

 Remote test and maintenance removes the

need for special access equipment

 Early detection of fire allows proactive

intervention eliminating the need for
unnecessary evacuation

27
Remote Performance testing method
 VESDA-E VEA Applications
Electrical Cabinets Success
Electrical Substations
 Location: Thailand
 Detection: VESDA-E VEA
 Key Drivers
─ Pinpoint addressability
─ Assured detection
Thailand Electrical Substations
Abbott Northwestern Hospital
 Location: Netherlands
 Detection: 6 VEA units
 Key Drivers
─ Pinpoint addressability
─ Assured detection
Vreugdenhill Dairy
 Ineos Chemical Company
Others
 Location: Belgium 1. FrieslandCampina, Netherlands
2. Borealis, Belgium
 Detection: +10 VEA Units 3. Central America, USA
Detection: VESDA-E VEA
 Key Drivers • Key Drivers
- Pinpoint addressability
─ Pinpoint addressability - Assured detection
Ineos Chemical Company
─ Assured
29 detection
VEA - Construction

30
VEA – How it Works

Addressability
 Continuously monitors all sample
points for smoke and flow
 Upon detecting smoke raises alarms
Control
(pre-alarms and fire-alarm) Circuitry

 Scans each tube independently

 Raises tube alarm reporting effected Pump

sampling point(s) Manifold

 System restores Remote
32 40 1 2 3
to normal condition 29
30
31 4
6
7
Sampling Point
28 8
27 Rotary 9
26 10
25 Valve 11
24 12
23 13
22 14
2120 15
19 18 1716

Smoke Sensor
Central Test Port
31
VEA – Supervision

Tube or Sampling Point Blockage

 Continuously monitors all sample
points for smoke and flow
 If a sampling point or a tube is
Control
blocked then a flow fault is raised Circuitry

 Scans each tube

independently and raises fault for the Pump
effected sampling
Manifold
point(s)
 System restores to 30
31
32 40 1 2 3
4
6
Remote
Sampling Point
29 7
normal condition 28 8
9
27 Rotary
26 10
25 Valve 11
24 12
23 13
22 14
2120 15
19 18 1716

Smoke Sensor
Central Test Port
32
VEA – Supervision

Tube Breakage or Sampling Point Test

 Periodically rotary valve connects
to each sample point
 Pump is reversed and each tube
Control
is pressure checked Circuitry

 Breaches reported
by port Pump

 System restores to Manifold

normal condition
32 40 1 2 3
Remote
31 4 Sampling Point
30 6
29 7
28 8
27 Rotary 9
26 10
25 Valve 11
24 12
23 13
22 14
2120 15
19 18 1716

Smoke Sensor
Central Test Port
33
VEA – Supervision

Self Cleaning Sampling Points

 Periodically connects to each tube individually
 Sucks air form the sampling point
at much higher pressure
Control
 System restores to Circuitry

normal condition
Pump

Manifold

32 40 1 2 3
Remote
31 4 Sampling Point
30 6
29 7
28 8
27 Rotary 9
26 10
25 Valve 11
24 12
23 13
22 14
2120 15
19 18 1716

Smoke Sensor
Central Test Port
34
VEA – Centralized Test and Maintenance

Centralized Smoke Testing

 Manual test function enabled at the
detector
 Normally closed test ports manually
Control
opened and smoke tests performed Circuitry
to confirm smoke chamber operation
 Upon detection of Pump
smoke alarm is raised
Manifold
 Signalling verified at
32 40 1 2 3
Remote
FACP 30
31 4
6 Sampling Point
29 7
 Upon completion 28
27 Rotary
8
9
26 10
System is restored 25
24
Valve 11
12
to normal operating 23
22
2120 15
14
13

19 18 1716
condition
Smoke Sensor
Central Test Port
35
 VEA – Centralized Test and Maintenance
All automated tests can be selectively done
manually after servicing
 Centralized manual testing for blockage,
breakage or self cleaning
 Centralized smoke testing at detector
 No need to test at remote locations
 One man operation
 No special tools required
 Secure
Code Compliance – NFPA72 Requirements
• VEA complies with NFPA 72 initial acceptance and annual testing
requirements with minimal testing

VEA is air sampling detector

 In a rigid pipe ASD system sample air and hence the
smoke is combined from all holes in the pipe and then
reaches to the smoke chamber, similarly in VEA sample
air and hence smoke is combined from all the tubes
through the rotary valve in to a pipe inside the VEA
system and then reached to the smoke chamber.
 VEA continuously verifies the airflow through all the
sampling points.

37
Code Compliance – NFPA72 Testing
 With full supervision and
automated centralized tests VEA
verifies end to end system
operation on continuous basis and
performs system integrity tests at
set intervals much shorter than
annual period required by NFPA72
─ VEA continuously monitors airflow
from each sampling point to detect
clogged/broken tubes ro sample
points
─ Full supervision of the sampling
point and microbore tube at set
intervals much shorter than annual
test
─ End to end system integrity
monitoring allows centralized smoke
test (to test smoke chamber)

 AHJs accepting automated testing

and centralized test and
maintenance

38
VEA Installation

39
 VESDA LaserIndustrial - VLI

 Up to 2,000m2 (20,000 sq. ft.) coverage

 4 inlet pipes
 Total pipe length up to 360m (1,200 ft)
 Five (5) high-intensity status LEDs for greater visibility
 Referencing
Suitable for Class 1 Division 2 applications
 AutoLearn™ Smoke and Flow - Groups A,B,C & D
 Air-path monitoring - SIL II Rating

 Five (5) relays (Fire, Fault and 3 configurable)

 Direct connection via USB & Ethernet Port

 Standard GPI feature (monitored & unmonitored GPIs)

 Up to 18,000 event log memory

© Xtralis Pty. Ltd. ─ Confidential Information 40
© Xtralis Pty. Ltd. ─ Confidential Information 41
© Xtralis Pty. Ltd. ─ Confidential Information 42
Introducing VESDA ‘VLI’ by Xtralis
 SIL2 certification

SIL certification is more and more required by customers, to state just a few of them in the Industrial sector, we could
say:

o Petroleum companies and subsidiaries around the globe

o High speed rails
o Tunnels around the region
o Rail infrastructure
o Rolling Stocks

Xtralis ECO Gas detection is SIL2 Certified

Similar to MIL 882 E – Hazard Severity Categories Standards
• Catastrophic 1
• Critical 2
44
• Marginal 3
• Negligible 4
Cost-effective Detection of Other
Hazards

Aspirating Smoke Dual-gas detector Optional touch-

Detection System added to ASD pipe screen controller

 Efficiently monitors additional environmental threats

 Simple expansion to monitor multiple gases
 Centralized monitoring for real-time awareness
 Integrates with PLCs/HVAC/BMS
 Xtralis
VESDA ECO™
Available Gases
 Factory calibrated sensors
 Plug and play replaceable
sensor cartridges
 Single or dual sensors
 Class 1 Div 2
Value Proposition – Total Cost of Ownership

Total Cost of Ownership…

Conventional Gas 6+ times more than ASD with ECO

Gas Conventional ECO Added

Point Gas to ASD
Controller
Detector System
Conventional Point Gas Detectors Number of Detectors 6 1
Number of Controllers 1 1
Cable/conduit run (feet) 400 10
Material cost @ $2/foot $800 $20

ECO Installation Labor at $60/hr

Cable/conduit Install @ 6min/foot $60 $60
Controller Detector Install labor 6 hours 30 min
Installation labor cost @$60/Hr $360 $30
Quarterly Calibration 3 hours 30 min
Special Install Equip Lift None
x x x
ECO Detector Total Install & Labor Over 5 years
$4,820 $710
@ $60/hour
x x x
ASD Detector
ASD Aspiration Point
Scenario One: Lighter than Air Gases
(Side Elevation)
48

Point Gas
Detector

VESDA
ECO

Naturally or
mechanically
assisted air flow
Gas Valve
across the room
GAS
Gas Fired VESDA
Appliance ASD

VESDA ECO is
‘Design tolerant’
Improved performance in
ventilated area
 Actual VLI Installations

Cook Colliery Mine Illovo Sugar Mill

Georgia Power ThyssenKrupp Steel

Boiler Feed Pump Cable tunnel SSAB Steel - Tunnel
Steel Mill – Tunnel Protection
 300 foot tunnel under electric reheat
furnace
 Furnace utilizes nitrogen protective
atmosphere – risk of oxygen depletion
(asphyxiation)
 Cable trays – risk of fire

Solution: Industrial
ASD + Oxygen

50
Success stories…
Strategic Tunnel Enhancement Program (STEP)
– United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Strategic Wastewater Network Tunnel – Abu Dhabi
(UAE)
 The Strategic Tunnel Enhancement Program (STEP) is a huge gravity-
driven hydraulic wastewater network tunnel currently being constructed by
the Abu Dhabi Sewerage Services Company (ADSSC). The construction
activities started in 2009 with the prequalification process commencing
earlier in August 2008. The project, which is scheduled for completion in
2015, is being carried out with an investment of AED 5.7bn (US$1.9bn),
with CH2M Hill as the program manager.
Strategic Wastewater Network Tunnel – Abu Dhabi
(UAE)

 This project forms a critical part of Abu Dhabi 2030 Plan, which is a comprehensive
plan of developing Abu Dhabi to accommodate the increasing population in the
city, which is anticipated to reach three million by 2030. Additionally, the facility is
expected to supply 15 cubic feet par second of grey water for irrigation.

 The STEP project involves the construction of 41m of a deep sewer tunnel, 43km
of supply tunnels (which are smaller in diameter to transport the sewage to the
treatment plants), and an underground pumping station at Al Wathba with a
pumping capacity of 1000 cubic feet per second. The tunnel starts at a depth of
27m underground and reaches a depth of 100m towards Al Wathba.
Strategic Wastewater Network Tunnel – Abu Dhabi
(UAE)

General application and challenge overview:

1. Nature of risk: electrical arches into process and control cabinets,

and sparks generated in the treatment process line.
2. Dust: high levels of dust from active processes and varying airflow
patterns resulting from the ventilation system design.
3. Ventilation: air movement and continuous recirculation ventilation
system in the tunnel facilities.
4. Location of sample pipes in the high ceiling areas (pumping):
sampling pipes are located on the ceiling with drop-down capillary
sampling points.
5. Location of sample pipes in the control room: sampling pipes are
located on the ceiling void with sampling holes on the ceiling.
DRIMM – Seche Environment Group – France
Waste Treatment Station – Montech (France)

 SECHE Environment Group are the Top 4 Recycling Waste Management

Company in France and reached an annual revenue of 0.5 Bn Euros in
2013. They are present in Europe (France, Spain, Germany), but also
overseas in Argentina and Mexico.

 The project was driven by SECHE (DRIMM), including “Cardete & Huet”
(Architect Company), and “Agence Turbines” (the Design consultant)
working on behalf of the Contracting Authority, who prepared and submitted
the planning application for the project.
Waste Treatment Station – Montech (France)

 The solution consisted in using VESDA VLI to provide very early warning
capability to detect smoke in a very dusty environment, but also deliver a
double-knock detection feature (from VLI’s mixed up with VLC’s) that drives
the extinguishing system.

 The 3,000 cubic meters of biogas collected and processed in a production

unit with a gas turbine engine Rolls Royce and another water turbine will
produce 50,000 megawatt per hour of electricity.
 Paper Pulp Manufacturing - Applications

Special application paper industry“

• Cellulose dryer
• Paper production machine
59
 Specific risks of a cellulose dryer:

• Combustible materials
• heavy environment
• high temperatures

60
 System design of the air sampling smoke detector:

Compressed air

Temperature Machine
sensor Non-return valve
ASD Filter T Visible pipe

Valve
control device
Visible pipe

Pressure balance
61
62
 Specific risks of a paper production machine:

Combustible materials and high temperatures

63
 Specific risks of a paper production machine:

• High temperature during the

production process (up to 221°F)

• High relative air humidity

(up to 80%)

• High air speed

• Rotating hot objects

• High false alarm prevention

is required

• Start the water fog

extinguishing system
64
 Fire safety system of a paper production machine
Extinguishing area: 1 2 3 4 5

9m

3th floor

ASD
2nd floor
ASD

1st floor

6m
30 m
EXTUINGUISH Flame detector
BLOCKED BLOCKED
ALARM!! Heat detector

65
 Picture of the air sample smoke detector system

66
 Management system

• Information and operating

via computer screen

• Total of 9 central
control units

• with more then

1000 detectors

67
 Summary:

Due to the fire safety equipment the customer

• reduces the risk of a fire

• reduces consequential
losses

• has no longer business

interruptions

68
 Peanut FOOD Processing

Peanut Processing Plant in Australia

 Fires occur regularly in Roasting Oven conveyors
 $700k losses as a result of one past fire
 Insurance driven
Challenges Faced
 Owner advised by FP contractor that ASD was not viable or
practical
 Detecting fires with background smoke & dust pollution in open
areas, with varying flow conditions in the ovens
 Ovens with temperature between 120 – 180 deg. C
 Wide seasonal ambient temperature range.

Xtralis by Honeywell Security

and Fire Inc.
8/31/2018
 Peanut Company of
Australia Key Solution Elements
 Design for high background smoke levels .
 Return sampling of ovens vents with copper probes
 Product dust (peanut husks, oil, etc.) filtered
 Condensate management (Water traps,
Refrigerator Drier)
 Engineered and Validated Alarm Threshold levels

Xtralis by Honeywell
Security and Fire Inc.
8/31/2018
 Khaleel Rehman  DETECTED. CONNECTED. PROTECTED.
 Xtralis Advanced Detection Solutions for Hazardous Locations
Agenda

 What is a potentially explosive atmosphere?

 What is an explosion? The Fire Triangle and its constituents.
 Ignition temperatures
 Gases and Dusts classification
 IECEx, ATEX, and NEC regulations
 VLC-EX specifications
 VLC-EX and VLC-EX-US certification and Mounting Considerations
 Support documentations
 Additional Information FAQs
 Success stories
Introduction

What is a potentially Explosive Atmosphere?

Any industry that processes, uses or manufactures materials that may give rise to a
flammable atmosphere (gas, mist, liquid, dusts or even small fibres) may have a
potentially explosive atmosphere. Such industries/processes can include the following but
non limited list:

• Oil and Gas Drilling,

• Petrochemical Refining and Processing,
• Fuel Storage,
• Chemical Manufacturing,
• Car Manufacturing,
• Water Treatment,
• Power Generation,
• Pharmaceutical,
• Distilleries,
• Food Manufacturing,
• Aviation,
• Military,
• Painting.
Hazardous Area Applications – Public Utility /
Petrochemical Gas Hazards
Power Generating plants
─ Natural gas fuelled generator plant rooms: Methane.
─ Bio gas fuelled generator plant rooms: Methane,
Hydrogen Sulphide, Carbon Dioxide.
─ Tunnels, confined spaces, basements: Oxygen depletion
and methane.

Oil refineries & Gas treatment plants

─ Air intakes & control room cable voids: Methane,
Hydrogen Sulphide.
─ Battery rooms: Hydrogen.
─ Tunnels, confined spaces, basements: Oxygen.

Waste Water & Sewerage Plants

─ Process areas: Methane, Hydrogen Sulphide, Oxygen.
Hazardous Area Applications - Manufacturing

Food & Beverage Production

─ Refrigeration plant rooms: Ammonia.

Pharmaceutical
─ Chemical storage: Alcohols.

Vehicle Manufacture & Research and Development

─ Engine / vehicle test cells: Carbon monoxide, Nitrogen
Dioxide, petrol vapour.

Adjacent areas in currently protected facilities

─ Tunnels, confined spaces, basements, process areas,
storage areas: Methane, Oxygen depletion.

Distilleries & Breweries

─ Carbon Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Angels share.
What is an explosion?
In order to create an explosion, there has to be three main components in presence.
• Fuel (such as explosive Gas like Hydrogen),
• Oxidizer (such as Oxygen in the air),
• A source of Ignition Energy (such as a hot surface or an electrical spark).

These three items are commonly named the “Fire Triangle”.

Fuels?

The explosive properties of our Fuel (Gasses, Vapours,

Combustible Dusts) have been studied and organized by their
Flammability limits and Ignition temperature, etc… in order to
assess the potential risk of an explosion.
Fuel?
Fuel properties

All flammable gasses, vapours and mists require to be mixed with oxygen to make them
burn. There is about 20-21% of oxygen in the air we breath. Mixtures of a flammable gas
and certain percentages of air will burn if ignited.
Too much or too little oxygen, the mixture will not ignite. The upper and lower concentrations
of gas in atmospheric air, by volume, are known as their flammability or explosive limit.

• At a critical concentration called Most Easily Ignited Concentration (MEIC),

the amount of energy required to generate ignition is minimal.
• The critical energy at the MEIC is called Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE).
Fuel: Explosion properties?
Lower, Upper Explosive (Flammable) limits
These limits are:
• The Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) or Lower Flammability Limit (LFL) under which
there is no combustion due to the lack of fuel,
• The Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) or Upper Flammability Limit (UFL) above which
there is no combustion due to the lack of Oxidizer.
Fuel: Temperature properties?
Flash point (Ignition temperature)

The Flash point is the lowest temperature at which sufficient vapour is given off a
liquid to form a flammable mixture with air that can be ignited by an arc, spark,
naked flame, etc. …

• Explosion of gas or vapour is possible when the ambient temperature

becomes greater than the Flash point of the flammable material.
• High Flash point liquids are less hazardous than low Flash point liquids.
• In practice, liquids with Flash point above +55⁰C are not liable to generate a
hazardous area, unless they are likely to be submitted to a temperature above
this Flash point.
Fuel: Temperature properties?

• Every material has a Spontaneous Ignition Temperature (SIT), or Auto Ignition

Temperature (AIT) at which it will ignite spontaneously.

• If the temperature of a mixture is raised, the amount of electrical energy required for
ignition will decrease, reaching zero at the Auto Ignition Temperature (AIT).
Oxidizer?
The Oxidizer is the other reactant of the
chain reaction. Most of the time, it is the
ambient air, particularly one of its
constituent, Oxygen (O2).

Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the
Chalcogen group on the periodic table and is a highly reactive non-metallic element and
oxidizing agent that readily forms compounds (notably oxides) with most elements.

Highly concentrated sources of oxygen promote rapid combustion. Fire and explosion hazards
exist when concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity; an ignition event,
such as heat or a spark, is needed to trigger combustion.

Oxygen is not the fuel, but the oxidant. Combustion hazards also apply to compounds of
oxygen with a high oxidative potential, such as peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and
dichromates because they can donate oxygen to a fire.
Heat - Ignition sources?
There are numerous potential sources of ignition

• Hot surfaces, Flames,

• Mechanically generated sparks,
• Stray Electric currents, Statics,
• Lightening, Radio frequencies,
• Ionizing radiations, Ultrasonics,
• Exothermic reactions, Spontaneous
combustion.

Once fuel and oxygen are present, an ignition source is needed to complete the fire triangle.
Hydrocarbons can be ignited in two ways:

• When an external ignition source with sufficient energy to ignite the fuel-oxygen
mixture is available (e.g., flames, sparks).
• When the temperature is raised above the auto-ignition temperature (e.g., the
compression ignition of a diesel engine).
Ignition temperatures
Explosive gases: Ignition temperature?
IGNITON IGNITION IGNITION
GAS GAS GAS
TEMP ⁰C TEMP ⁰C TEMP ⁰C
Acetic acid 464 Isopropryl ether 443 Vinyl chloride 472
Acetone 465 Mesityl oxide 344 Xylenes 463
Acrylonitrile 481 Methane (Natural gas) 537 Acrolein 220
Ammonia 651 Methanol 385 Arsine NA
Benzene 498 3-Methyl-1-Butanol 350 Butadiene 420
Butane 287 Methyl ethyl ketone 404 Ethylene oxide 429
1-Butanol 343 Methyl isobutal ketone 448 Hydrogen 500
2-Butanol 405 2-Methyl-1-Propanol 415 Propylene oxide 449
N-Butyl acetate 425 2-Methyl-1-Propanol 478 Propylnitrate 175
Isobutyl acetate 421 Petroleum naphta 288 Ethylene 450
Sec-butyl alcohol 343 Pyridine 482 Ethylenmine 320
Di-isoutylene 391 Octanes 206 Ethyl mercaptan 300
Ethane 472 Pentanes 260 Ethyl sulfide NA
Ethanol 363 1-Pentanol 300 Hydrogen cyanide 538
Ethyl acetate 426 Propane 432 Hydrogen sulfide 260
Ethylene diamine 385 1-Propanol 412 Morpholine 310
Ethylene dichloride 413 2-Propanol 399 2-Nitropropane 428
Gasoline 280 Propylene 455 Tetrahydrofuran 321
Hexanes 223 Styrene 490
Unsymmetrical dimethyl
Heptanes 204 Toluene 480 249
hydrazine
Isoprene 395 Vinyl acetate 402
Explosive dusts: Ignition temperature?
Explosive Dusts Metallic Explosive Dusts Non Metallic
MATERIAL CLOUD LAYER MATERIAL CLOUD LAYER
Aluminium 650 760 Alfalfa 460 200
Magnesium 620 490 Cocoa 420 200
Titanium 330 510 Coffee 410 220
Zinc 630 430 Corn 400 250
Bronze 370 190 Cornstarch 380 200
Chromium 580 400 Malt 400 250
Tin 630 430 Skim milk 490 200
Cadmium 570 250 Rice 440 220
Sugar 350 400
Wheat 480 220
Coal 610 180
Wheat flour 380 360
Cellulose acetate 450 390
Explosive Fibres & Flyings Ethyl acetate 450 390
Nylon 500 430
MATERIAL CLOUD LAYER Polyethylene 450 380
Cotton lint 520 - Polystyrene 560 -
Flax 430 230 Epoxy 540 -
Rayon 520 250 Polyurethane 550 390
Cork 490 280
Wood flour 470 260
Gases and dusts
classification
Explosive gases: Gas groups and classification?

According to the Standards (ATEX, IEC, and NEC 505), the

Group II for Gases is divided into three sub-divisions as
below

• IIA for atmospheres containing propane or gases of an equivalent hazard.

• IIB for atmospheres containing ethylene or gases of an equivalent hazard.
• IIC for atmospheres containing hydrogen or gases of an equivalent hazard.

:
Group I gases are firedamp methane gas. These are usually associated with mining applications.
Explosive gases: Gas groups and classification?
Class I according to NEC 500
Explosive gases: Gas groups and classification?
Group II according to ATEX, IEC, and NEC 505

GROUP IIA GROUP IIB GROUP IIC

Hydrocarbons Mixtures of Hydrocarbons Buthyl-Methyl Ketone Compounds containing Oxygen Hydrocarbons Hydrogen
Alkanes Industrial Methane Amyl-Methyl Ketone Acetyl chloride Allylene (Propyn) Acetylene
Methane Turpentine 2,4-Pentanedione (acetylacetone) Chloroethanol Ethylene Carbon disulphide
Ethane Petroleum naphta Cyclohexanone Compounds containing Sulphur Cyclopropane
Propane Oil naphta Esters Ethyl mercaptan Butadine
Butane Petroleum (incl. spirits) Methyl formate Propyl mercaptan Compounds containing Nitrogen
Pentane Dry cleaning solvents Ethyl formate Thiophene Acrylonitrile
Hexane Fuel oil Methyl acetate Tetrahydrothiophene Isopropyl nitrate
Heptane Kerosene Ethyl acetate Compounds containing Nitrogen Hydrocyanic acid
Octane Gas-oil Propyl acetate Ammonia Compounds containing Oxygen
Nonane Benzole (for cars) Buthyl acetate Acetonitrile Methyl ether
Decane Compounds containing Oxygene Oxides Amyl acetate Nitromethane Ethylmethyl ether
Cyclobutane Carbon monoxide Methyl methacrylate Nitroethane Ethyl ether
Cyclopentane Dipropyl ether Ethyl methacrylate Amines Butyl ether
Cyclohexane Alcohols and Phenols Vinyl acetate Methylamine Ethylene oxide (Epoxyethane)
Cycloheptane Methanol Ethyl acetyacetate Dimethylamine Epoxy-propane
Methylcyclobutane Ethanol Acids Trimethylamine Dioxoian
Methylcyclopentane Propanol Acetic acid Diethylamine Dioxin
Ethylcyclobutane Butanol Compounds containing halogens Propylamine Trioxin
Ethylcyclopentane Pentanol compounds with no Oxygen Buthylamine Butyl hydroxyacetate
Ethylcyclohexane Hexanol Chloromethane Cyclohexylamine Tetrahydrofurfuryl
Decahydronaphthalene Heptanol Chlorethane Monoethanolamine Methyl acrylate
Alkenes Octanol Bromoethane Diaminoethane Ethyl acrylate
Propene (Propylene) Nonanol Chloropropane Anline Furane
Aromatic Hydrocarbons Cyclohexanol Chlorobutane Dimethylaniline Crotonaldehyde
Styrene Methylcyclohexanol Bromobutane Amphetamine Acrolien
Methylstyrene Phenol Dichlorethane Toluidine Tetrahydrofuran
Benzene and its derivatives Cresol Dichloropropane Pyridine Mixtures
Benzene Diacetone-alcohol Chlorobenzene Gas from a Coke furnace
Toluene Aldehydes Benzyl chloride Compounds containing Halogens
Xylene Acetaldehyde Dichlorobenzene Telrafluoroethylene
Ethylbenzene Methaldehyde Allyl chloride Propane, 1 chloro
Trimethylbenzene Ketones Dichloroethylene 2,3 epoxy (Epichlorohydrin)
Naphthalene Acetone Chloroethylene (Vinyl chloride)
Cumene Ethyl-Methyl Ketone Benzyl trifluoride
Cymene Propyl-Methyl Ketone Methylene chloride
Explosive dusts: Dust groups and classification?

According to the Standards (ATEX, and IEC), the Group III

for Dusts is divided into three sub-divisions as below

• IIIA for atmospheres containing explosive fibres and flyings.

• IIIB for atmospheres containing carbonaceous or non conductive dusts.
• IIIC for atmospheres containing metallic or conductive dusts.
Explosive dusts: Dusts groups and classification?
Group III according to ATEX and IEC

GROUP IIIA GROUP IIIB GROUP IIIB

Explosive fibers and flyings Carbonaceous dusts Non conductive dusts
Cotton lint Charcoal, activated Alfalfa Cellulose acetate
Flax Charcoal, wood Cocoa Ethyl acetate
Rayon Coal, bituminous Coffee Nylon
Coke, petroleum Corn Polyethylene
GROUP IIIC Lignite Corn-starch Polystyrene
Conductive dusts Peak, 22% H2O Malt Epoxy
Aluminium Soot, pine Skim milk Polyurethane
Magnesium Cellulose Rice Wood flour
Titanium Cellulose pulp Sugar
Zinc Cork Wheat
Bronze Corn Wheat flour
Chromium
Tin
Cadmium
Iron carbonyl
Explosive dusts: Dust groups and classification?
Class II according to NEC 500

GROUP E GROUP G
MATERIAL CLOUD LAYER MATERIAL CLOUD LAYER MATERIAL CLOUD LAYER
Aluminium 650 760 Alfalfa 460 200 Wheat flour 380 360
Magnesium 620 490 Cocoa 420 200 Cellulose acetate 450 390
Titanium 330 510 Coffee 410 220 Ethyl acetate 450 390
Zinc 630 430 Corn 400 250 Nylon 500 430
Bronze 370 190 Cornstarch 380 200 Polyethylene 450 380
Chromium 580 400 Malt 400 250 Polystyrene 560 -
Tin 630 430 Skim milk 490 200 Epoxy 540 -
Cadmium 570 250 Rice 440 220 Polyurethane 550 390
Sugar 350 400 Cork 490 280
GROUP F Wheat 480 220 Wood flour 470 260
MATERIAL CLOUD LAYER
Coal 610 180

Class III according to NEC 500

MATERIAL CLOUD LAYER
Cotton lint 520 -
Flax 430 230
Rayon 520 250
IECEx, ATEX, and NEC regulations
What is a Zone?
The IEC has defined 3 areas of Hazardous Gas / Vapour /
Dust release as follows:

Zone 0 (20) Zone 1 (21) Zone 2 (22)

Explosive Explosive
Explosive
Atmosphere Is Atmosphere May
Atmosphere Is Often
Continuously Accidentally Be
Present
Present Present

Zone in which an explosive

Zone in which an explosive
mixture of gas, vapour mist,
or dust is continuously
present.
mixture of gas, vapour mist,
Zone in which an explosive
or dust is not likely to occur
mixture of gas, vapour mist,
in normal operations, and if it
or dust is likely to occur
occurs, will only exist for a
during normal operations.
short time (leaks or
maintenance).
Explanation of ATEX, NEC and IEC systems
• Environments that generate potentially explosive atmospheres classify the dangerous
areas based on the likelihood and duration of the explosive atmospheres presence.
• This is referred to as a “Zone” (IECEx, Europe and NEC 505) or “Division” (NEC
500).

Hazardous Area Classification

Explanation of ATEX, NEC and IEC systems
Group Classification

Note: There is no specific grouping for Class III.

Hazardous Area Classification

 Area classification is determined by specialist engineering consultants, or AHJ’s (Authority

Having Jurisdiction)
 Areas can be classified as Divisions (Div 1 or 2) or Zones (Zone 0,1 or 2 )
 The total area may be classified as one specific Division or Zone
 Other areas may be sub divided into different sub Divisions or Zones (See above) based on
potential release points and the likelihood of a release
Temperature class?
The Equipment is identified with a temperature class, either identified by a “T” rating or by
a temperature in degrees “⁰C”.
The temperature class identifies the hottest temperature that the equipment can obtain. This
can be a either the inside or the outside of the equipment depending on the protection
concept.

Temperature Classification
Max. Surface CENELEC/IEC (Group II)
NEC 500 CEC
Temperature
NEC 505 ATEX
450⁰C (842⁰F) T1 T1 T1
300⁰C (572⁰F) T2
280⁰C (536⁰F) T2A
260⁰C (500⁰F) T2B T2 T2
230⁰C (446⁰F) T2C
215⁰C (419⁰F) T2D
200⁰C (392⁰F) T3
180⁰C (356⁰F) T3A
T3 T3
165⁰C (329⁰F) T3B
160⁰C (320⁰F) T3C
135⁰C (275⁰F) T4
T4 T4
120⁰C (248⁰F) T4A
100⁰C (212⁰F) T5 T5 T5
85⁰C (185⁰F) T6 T6 T6
Note: For Group I (CENELEC/IEC) applications, electrical apparatus has fixed temperature limits i.e. 150 ⁰C and 450⁰C.
 Hazardous Area Classification & Equipment
Types of Protection

NFPA 70 ATEX / IEC 60079

Class I Division 2 Xtralis products
Zone 2 Xtralis products
Area Protection Techniques Area Protection Techniques Area Protection Techniques
Intrinsic safety
Intrinsic safety "ia" Pressurization "pz"
Explosionproof
Div. 1 Zone 0 Encapsulation "ma" Intrinsic safety "ic"
Purged/Pressurized (Type X or Y)
Class I, Zone 0 Intrinsic safety "ia" Class I Div. 1 Intrinsic safety Encapsulated "nC"
Hermetically-sealed Flameproof "d" Enclosed-break "nC"
Nonincendive Pressurization "px" or "py" Energy-limited "nL" ("nC" for US)
Non-sparking Powder filling "q" Hermetically-sealed "nC"
Div. 2
Purged/Pressurized (Type Z) Increased safety "e" Zone 2 Nonincendive "nC"
Zone 1
Any Class I, Division 1 technique Intrinsic safety "ib" Non-sparking "nA"
Any Class I, Zone 0, 1 or 2 technique Encapsulation "mb" Restricted breathing "nR"
Any Zone 0 method Sealed "nC"
Class I Div. 1 technique "Self protected Energy-limited "nA" "nL"
Any Zone 0 or 1 technique
Any Class I Div. 1 or 2 technique
VLC-EX by Xtralis
Hazardous Area Classification
Area Description
NFPA 70 Article 500 ATEX EN / IEC 60079 / NFPA 70 Article 505
Division 1 Zone 0
Where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases,
vapours, or liquids are present continuously or for long
periods of time under normal operating conditions.
Where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases,
vapours or liquids can exist all the time or some of Zone 1
the time under normal operating conditions.
Where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases,
vapours, or liquids are likely to exist under normal
operating conditions.

Division 2
Where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases,
vapours, or liquids are not likely to exist under normal
operating conditions.
Zone 2
Where ignitable concentrations of flammable gases,
vapours, or liquids are not likely to occur under normal
operating conditions, and if they do occur, will exist only
for a short period of time.
Hazardous Area Classification
Product compatibility
VESDA VLC-EX Hazardous Area ASD
Specifications
 Hazardous area approved for ATEX / IEC Zone 2 locations
 Detects Class A, B and C fires
 Area coverage of 200m2 or 800m2
 Same functionality as standard VESDA VLC including:
─ Absolute smoke detection
─ Clan air barrier for optics protection
─ Air flow monitoring
─ Auto learn smoke levels & thresholds

 Rugged industrial IP54 high impact resistance design

 Corrosion resistant stainless steel 304 enclosure
─ integral mounting base
─ Integral enclosure status indicator window
 VESDA VLC-EX Hazardous Area ASD
Approvals and Listings
 ATEX / IEC Zone 2
─ 800m2 completed and 200m2 will follow
─ Direct mounting in Zone 2
─ Extended temperature range
 Class 1 Div 2
─ UL completed
─ FM in progress
• Marine
─ DNV Type approval for ATEX / IEC Zone 2
 Other Approvals
─ CE & CPD
─ Xtralis ASD EN54-20: LCPB, VdS, AFNOR, GOST, …
─ UL, FM, CCC, ACTIVFIRE, …
VLC-EX ATEX / IEC Certification (Non Sparking)
 VLC-EX Zone 2
Mounting Considerations
 VLC-EX to be mounted within Zone 2 area.

 Inlet and exhaust pipe work to be mounted in the Zone 2 area.

 An exhaust pipe must be fitted.

 Inlet / exhaust pipe work must NOT be located in a safe or Zone 0 or Zone
1 area.

 ATEX / IEC Zone 2 areas require metal (anti-static) sample pipe work
since the diameter is above 30 mm. In that case, where an Inline filter is
required, use the metal version VSP-850-M.

 Power supply
─ Use EN54-4 approved Xtralis PSU located in the safe area, or
─ 3rd party Zone 2 approved EN54-4 PSU in the protected area.

 A “Gas Free Certificate” must be issued by the end user before opening
EX rated enclosures and equipment in a Zone 2 area.
 VLC-EX Zone 2
Mounting Considerations
 VLC-EX to be mounted within Zone 2 area.
 Inlet and exhaust pipe work to be mounted in the Zone 2 area.
 An exhaust pipe must be fitted.
 Inlet / exhaust pipe work must NOT be located in a safe or Zone 0
or Zone 1 area.
 ATEX / IEC Zone 2 areas require metal (anti-static) sample pipe
work since the diameter is above 30 mm. In that case, where an
Inline filter is required, use the metal version VSP-850-M.
 Power supply
─ Use EN54-4 approved Xtralis PSU located in the safe area, or
─ 3rd party Zone 2 approved EN54-4 PSU in the protected area.
 A “Gas Free Certificate” must be issued by the end user before
opening EX rated enclosures and equipment in a Zone 2 area.
VLC-EX-US Class I Division 2 certification
VLC-EX-US Class 1 Division 2*
Mounting Considerations
 For a Class 1 Division 2 installation, the detector, sampling network and
exhaust must be located within the same protected area.
 FM approval requires the use of a VPS-100US-120 PSU for Class 1 Division 2
installations.
 PSU and any VESDA accessories are required to be mounted outside the
classified area.
 Hazardous Location Product Overview – VLC Ex and ECO Ex
ECO-Ex

Class 1 Division 2
VLC-EX is Zone 2
VLI, VLF, VLC, VLC-EX-US, VLP: Class 1 VLC-EX-US is Class 1 Div 2
Division 2 111 111
VLC-MRN for Marine applications
Supply voltage:
18 to 30VDC.
Pow er consum ption:
5.4W quiescent, 5.9W w ith alarm.
Current consum ption:
225mA quiescent, 245mA w ith alarm.
Fuse rating:
1.6A.
Dim ensions (WHD):
225mm x 225mm x 85mm (8 7/8” x 8 7/8”x 3 3/8”).
Weight:
1.9kg (4.2lbs.).
Operating conditions:
Tested to -25°C to +70°C (-13°F to +158°F).
Detector Ambient +5°C to +70°C (+41°F to +158°F).
Sampled Air -20°C to +60°C (-4°F to +140°F).
Humidity 10 to 95% RH, non-condensing
Approved for use in bridge and deck zones according to ENV1,
ENV2 and ENV3 Lloyds environmental categories.
IP rating:
IP30 (optional IP66 enclosure available).
Sam pling netw ork:
Maximum area of Coverage 800sq.m (8000sq.ft)
Maxim um pipe lengths:
1 x 80m, 2 x 50m

112

Bridge communications
Refrigerated storage
Open areas – escape routes
Detectors must be part of Fire Alarm Systems for USCG approval
USCG Type Approval
Part Numbers
• VLC-50000-MRN (RO)
• VLC-50500-MRN (VN)
• VRT-J0000-MRN: Remote display
• 020-050: IP66 enclosure
Pump rooms
Approved for use with the following FACP
• Notifier: NFS2-3030, NFS2-640, NSF-640
• HBS/HPS: XLS-124, XLS-140
Engine rooms
• Ansul – Auto Pulse: AP IQ-636X-2, AP IQ-31
Air handling filtration systems
113
VLC-EX Support Documentations

VESDA VLC-EX TDS VESDA VLC-EX-US TDS

VESDA VLC-EX VESDA VLC-EX-US

Product Guide Product Guide
 Additional Information...
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

 The following slides are intended to provide a general overview of

hazardous area classification only
 This information should not be used as the basis for the design of any
hazardous area solution
 Hazardous area classification is the responsibility of suitably qualified
engineering consultants with reference to the relevant engineering codes
and standards
Hazardous area FAQs (1)
 Q: What is a Hazardous area?
A: A hazardous area is one that may contain a potentially explosive concentration of flammable gas /
vapour or dust

 Q: Where will these be found?

A: Industrial manufacturing / processing facilities that use, generate or are exposed to flammable gases
and vapours. e.g. Oil & gas exploration and production / refining / transportation / distribution, chemical
plants, power plants, waste water treatment plants, vehicle production and testing plants and many
more.......

 Q: How are they determined and by whom?

A: Specialist engineering consultants and / or End-user Loss Prevention Engineers use internationally
recognised classification schemes
Note: Equipment suppliers; including Xtralis; are not qualified to do this work

 Q: What classification schemes exist and where are they used?

A: Three similar, but different schemes are used throughout the world, typically:
─ NFPA 70 in the Americas, Canada, and parts of the Middle East
─ ATEX in Europe and parts of the Middle East
─ IEC in other counties e.g. South Africa, Australia, New Zealand & Japan
Hazardous area FAQs (2)
 Q: Why are there different schemes?
A: Like many things the US and Europe developed their own standards and methodology
independent of each other. The IEC standard attempts to provide a global standard and is
based on the EU ATEX standards

 Q: What are the similarities / differences between these schemes?

A: All have a common objective to reduce or remove the risk of an explosion. Regarding
electrical equipment, this relates to using equipment design standards and installation
practices to reduce / remove the risk that the electrical equipment could be a source of
ignition to a flammable atmosphere. However these design and installation standards are
different in their detail. Therefore equipment designed and certified for one scheme
generally can not be used for another scheme. In addition NFPA 70 and ATEX standards
use slightly different criteria to sub categorise an area related to the severity of the risk

 Q: What are the sub categories of a hazardous area?

A: The sub categorisation of an area is based on the probability of a flammable
atmosphere being present and the likely duration of it being present. NFPA 70 refers to
these as ‘Divisions’, ATEX and IEC refer to these as ‘Zones’; again similar but different in
their detail (See separate slide)
Hazardous area FAQs (3)

 Q: Is our product solution Intrinsically Safe?

A: Intrinsic Safety is just one of a number of different engineering techniques used to reduce the risk
of a piece of electrical equipment become a source of ignition in a hazardous area. Intrinsically safe
equipment can be used in a Zone 0, 1 or 2 area respectively.

Other techniques include

─ ‘Flameproof’ (Exd) as per the VLX -100 for Zone 1 and 2 areas
─ ‘Non Sparking’ (Ex n) as per the VLC-EX for Zone 2 areas

Q: Do I need to know all the details of these schemes, standards and types of protection to
sell / support Xtralis Ex rated equipment?
A: No. The end-user or their engineering contractor will state what scheme is being used for a
specific project and the sub category of any hazardous area. Our Xtralis Ex rated product data
sheets clearly state the relevant information for them to determine the products suitability.
Hazardous area FAQs (4)

 Q: What questions should I ask when discussing a possible hazardous area application?
A: Similar to those you currently ask for ASD including:
─ Is the area classified to NFPA 70, ATEX or IEC standards?
─ What is the sub category of the area? (Class 1 Div 1 / 2 or Zone 0,1,2)?
─ What gas(es) could be present?
─ What are the environmental conditions (Temp , humidity, pressure ranges, contamination)?

 Q: Who do I contact if I need more help ?

A: FAEs, Product Management & Certification / Approval Managers
VLC-EX Success stories
 Success story - SBM Offshore (The Netherlands)
• A new fleet of FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading)
has been launched by SBM Offshore.
• Xtralis has worked with Dräger Netherlands on the design of the first
FPSO vessel which has been built early 2015, and since delivered
to the customer.
• There is already two new ships under construction that will be
followed by new orders to cope with the growing demand.

 Protected areas include two technical rooms located at the front of the vessel,
which are locked when the ship sails. Each vessel is fitted with two VLC-EX-MRN
units, plus one as a spare in case of exchange required while the FPSO is away
from the shipyard.
 As it is shown on the picture, the VLC-EX-MRN is mounted in an additional
enclosure together with two Dräger gas detectors (fuel fumes). One gas detector
is installed at the outlet of the VLC-EX-MRN to monitor the air for gas. The
second gas detector is constantly measuring the quality of the air inside the
housing so they know for sure there is no gas leaking inside the enclosure which
could lead to a cabinet full of explosive fume. All sampling network is done using
stainless steel pipes.
Success story - Inpex Ichthys CPF (Australia)

• Located about 220 kilometres offshore Western Australia, Ichthys represents

the largest discovery of Hydrocarbon liquids in Australia over the past 40
years.
• The Ichthys LNG Project is effectively three mega-projects rolled into one,
involving some of the largest offshore facilities in the industry, a state-of-the-
art onshore processing facility and an 889 km pipeline uniting them for an
operational life of at least 40 2015, and since delivered to the customer.
• The first phase of the project concerned the CPF (Central Processing
Facility) which is a column-stabilised, offshore semi-submersible production
unit supporting hydrocarbon processing systems and utilities, as well as
living quarters for about 200 people.

 The CPF (Central Processing Facility) has been equipped with 59 VLC-
EX-MRN units. We are protecting 55 lines of cabinets with up to 18-20
sample holes per detector.
 The rows of cabinets include:
─ switch cabinets and server racks in Local Electric Rooms (LER) ,
─ Switch cabinets and server racks in Telecom Electric rooms (TER),
─ cabinets in Local Instrument rooms (LIR),
─ In approx. 18 different risk areas.
Success story - Inpex Ichthys FPSO (Australia)

• The success with Inpex Ichthys CPF opened Xtralis door for the second
stage of the project, the FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading).
• The 336 x 59 metres ship, weather vaning vessel is being constructed in
Korea by Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering. It has been
designed to hold more than one million barrels of condensate.
• It will be moored about 3.5 kilometres from the Ichthys LNG Project’s Central
Processing Facility (CPF). It will process and store condensate from the CPF
and periodically offload stabilised condensate to shuttle carriers for export
directly to market.

 The FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) has been

equipped with 78 VLC-EX-MRN units. No details available due to NDA.
A New Beginning…

By Khaleel Rehman
Director Business Development,
AMERICAS
Email: Khaleel.Rehman@Honeywell.com

DETECTED. 125
CONNECTED. PROTECTED.