ELMS 2018

CHAPTER 1

Introduction

1.1 Overview

Every organization, whether big or small has challenges to overcome and managing the
information of employee, leave, approval, login, leave type,. Every Leave Management System
has different leave needs, therefore we design exclusive employee management systems that are
adapted to your managerial requirement. This is designed to assist in strategic planning and will
help you ensure that your organization is equipped with the right level of information and details
for your future goals. Also, for those busy executive who are always on the go, our systems come
with remote access features, which will allow you to manage your workforce anytime. These
systems will ultimately allow you to better manage resources.

The purpose of the Leave Management System is to automate the existing manual system
by the help of computerized equipments and fulfilling their requirements, so that their valuable
data/information can be stored for a longer period with easy accessing and manipulation of the
same. The required software and hardware are easily available and easily to work with.

1.2 Objectives

The main objective of the project on Leave Management System is to manage the details
of leave, leave records, approvals, leave type. It manages all the information about leave, login,
leave type. The project is totally built at administrative end and thus only the administrator is
guaranteed the access. The purpose of the project is to build an application program to reduce the
manual work for managing the leave, employee, login, leave records. It records all the details
about the leave records, approvals, leave type.

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Functionalities provided by Leave Management System

 Provides the searching facilities based on various factors such as leave, leave records,
approval, leave type.
 It also manages the login details online for approval details, leave type details, leave.
 It tracks all the information of employee, login, approval etc.
 Shows the information and description of the leave, leave records.
 To increase efficiency of managing the leave.
 It deals with monitoring the information and transaction of approval.
 Editing, adding and updating of records is improved which results in proper resource
management of leave data.
 Manage the information of Approval.
 Integration of all records of Leave Type.

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Chapter 2

System Analysis

2.1 Existing System

In the existing problem the work is done only manually but in the proposed system we
have to computerize the work using the application.

 Lack of security of data.

 More man power.
 Time consuming.
 Consumes large volume of pare work.
 Needs manual calculations.
 No direct role for the higher officials.

2.2 Proposed system

The aim of the proposed system is to develop a system of improved facilities. The
proposed system can overcome all the limitations of the existing system. The system provides
proper security and reduces the manual work.

 Security of data.
 Ensure data accuracy.
 Proper control of the higher officials.
 Minimize manual data entry.
 Minimum time needed for the various processing.
 Greater efficiency.
 Better service.
 User friendliness and interactive.

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 Minimum time required.

2.3 System Requirements

2.31 Software Requirements

Operating System : Windows XP/Windows 7

Language : PHP

Back End : MYSQL Server

Browser : Any of Mozilla, Opera, Chrome etc

Software Tool Kit : XAMP

2.3.2Hardware Requirements

Processor : Pentium III 630 MHz

RAM : 128 MB

Hard Disk :20 GB

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CHAPTER 3

SYSTEM DESIGN

3.1 Introduction

The most creative and challenging face of the system development is System Design. It
provides the understanding and procedural details necessary for implementing the system
recommended in the feasibility study. Design goes through the logical and physical stages of
development. In designing a new system, the system analyst must have a clear understanding of
the objectives, which the design is aiming to fulfill. The first step is to determine how the output
is to be produced and in what format. Second, input data and master files have to be designed to
meet the requirements of the proposed output. The operational phases are handled through
program construction and testing. Design of a system can be defined as a process of applying
various techniques and principles for the purpose of defining a device, a process or a system in
sufficient detail to permit its physical realization. Thus system design is a solution to “how to”
approach to the creation of a new system. Thus important phase provides the understanding and
the procedural details necessary for implementing the system recommended in the feasibility
study. The design step provides a data design, architectural design, and a procedural design.

3.2 User Interface Design

User Interface Design is concerned with the dialogue between a user and the computer. It is
concerned with everything from starting the system or logging into the system to the eventually
presentation of desired inputs and outputs. The overall flow of screens and messages is called a
dialogue.

The following steps are various guidelines for User Interface Design

1) The system user should always be aware of what to do next.

2) The screen should be formatted so that various types of information, instruction and
messages always appear in the same general display area.

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3) Message, instructions or information should be displayed long enough to allow the

system user to read them.
4) Use display attributes sparingly.
5) Default values for fields and answers to be entered by the user should be specified.
6) A user should not be allowed to proceed without correcting an error.
7) The system user should never get an operating system message or fatal error.

3.3 Sequence Diagram

Sequence Diagrams are interaction diagrams that detail how operations are carried out.
Interaction diagrams model important runtime interactions between the parts that make up the

system.

Fig:3.3.1- Sequence diagram of employee

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Fig 3.3.2- Sequence diagram of Admin

3.4 ER DIAGRAM

An Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) shows the relationships of entity sets stored in a
database. An entity in this context is an object, a component of data. An entity set is a collection
of similar entities. These entities can have attributes that define its properties.

By defining the entities, their attributes, and showing the relationships between them, an ER
diagram illustrates the logical structure of databases. ER diagrams are used to sketch out the
design of a database.

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Fig:3.4.1- Entity Relationship Diagram of Employee Leave Management System

3.5 Activity Diagram

Activity diagram is another important diagram in UML to describe the dynamic aspects of the
system. Activity diagram is basically a flowchart to represent the flow from one activity to
another activity. The activity can be described as an operation of the system.

The control flow is drawn from one operation to another. This flow can be sequential, branched,
or concurrent. Activity diagrams deal with all type of flow control by using different elements
such as fork, join, etc.

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Login

Punch in

Apply Leave

Leave History

Punch out

Logout

Fig: 3.5.1- Activity Diagram for employee

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Login

View notification

Add/Manage
department

Add/Manage
Leave type

Add/Manage
Employee

Sanction/Reject
Leave

Logout

Fig: 3.5.2- Activity Diagram for Admin

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CHAPTER 4

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

4.1 Introduction

System implementation is the important stage of project when the theoretical design is tuned
into practical system. The main stages in the implementation are as follows:

Planning is the first task in the system implementation. At the time of implementation of
any system people from different departments and system analysis involve. They are confirmed
to practical problem of controlling various activities of people outside their own data processing
departments. The line managers controlled through an implementation coordinating committee.
The committee considers ideas, problems and complaints of user department, it must also
lf-selection and allocation for

and channels of communication

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4.2 Tool and Technology

4.2.1 PHP

PHP is a server-side scripting language designed for web development but also used as a
general-purpose programming language. Originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994, the PHP
reference implementation is now produced by The PHP Group. PHP originally stood for
Personal Home Page, but it now stands for the recursive acronym PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.

PHP code may be embedded into HTML code, or it can be used in combination with various
web template systems, web content management system and web frameworks. PHP code is
usually processed by a PHP interpreter implemented as a module in the web server or as a
Common Gateway Interface (CGI) executable.

4.2.2 Apache

The Apache HTTP Server, colloquially called Apache, is free and open-source crossplatform
web server software, released under the terms of Apache License 2.0. Apache is developed and
maintained by an open community of developers under the auspices of the Apache Software
Foundation. The Apache HTTP server is a software (or program) that runs in the background
under an appropriate operating system, which supports multi-tasking, and provides services to
other applications that connect to it, such as client web browsers. It was first developed to work
with Linux/Unix operating systems, but was later adapted to work under other systems, including
Windows and Mac. The Apache binary running under UNIX is called HTTPd (short for HTTP
daemon), and under win32 is called Apache.exe.

4.2.3 MySQL

MySQL is a freely available open source Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)
that uses Structured Query Language (SQL). Its name is a combination of "My", the name of co-
founder Michael Widenius's daughter, and "SQL", the abbreviation for Structured Query
Language.

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SQL is the most popular language for adding, accessing and managing content in a database. It is
most noted for its quick processing, proven reliability, ease and flexibility of use. MySQL is an
essential part of almost every open source PHP application. Good examples for PHP &
MySQLbased scripts are WordPress, Joomla, Magento and Drupal.

One of the most important things about using MySQL is to have a MySQL specialized host.

4.2.4 Xampp Server

XAMPP is a free and open-source cross-platform web server solution stack package developed by
Apache Friends,] consisting mainly of the Apache HTTP Server, MariaDB database,
and interpreters for scripts written in the PHP and Perl programming languages. Since most actual
web server deployments use the same components as XAMPP, it makes transitioning from a local
test server to a live server possible.

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CHAPTER 5

SYSTEM TESTING

The purpose of testing is to discover errors. Testing is the process of trying to discover every
conceivable fault or weakness in a work product. It provides a way to check the functionality of
components, sub-assemblies, assemblies and/or a finished product It is the process of exercising
software with the intent of ensuring that the

Software system meets its requirements and user expectations and does not fail in an
unacceptable manner. There are various types of test. Each test type addresses a specific testing
requirement.

5.1 Unit testing:

Unit testing involves the design of test cases that validate that the internal program logic is
functioning properly, and that program inputs produce valid outputs. All decision branches and
internal code flow should be validated. It is the testing of individual software units of the
application .it is done after the completion of an individual unit before integration. This is a
structural testing, that relies on knowledge of its construction and is invasive. Unit tests perform
basic tests at component level and test a specific business process, application, and/or system
configuration. Unit tests ensure that each unique path of a business process performs accurately
to the documented specifications and contains clearly defined inputs and expected results.

5.2 Integration testing:

Integration tests are designed to test integrated software components to determine if they
actually run as one program. Testing is event driven and is more concerned with the basic
outcome of screens or fields. Integration tests demonstrate that although the components were

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individually satisfaction, as shown by successfully unit testing, the combination of components is

correct and consistent. Integration testing is specifically aimed at exposing the problems that
arise from the combination of components.

5.3 Functional testing:

Functional tests provide systematic demonstrations that functions tested are available as
specified by the business and technical requirements, system documentation, and user manuals.

Functional testing is centered on the following items:

Valid Input : identified classes of valid input must be accepted.
Invalid Input : identified classes of invalid input must be rejected.
Functions : identified functions must be exercised.
Output : identified classes of application outputs must be exercised.
Systems/ Procedures: interfacing systems or procedures must be invoked.
Organization and preparation of functional tests is focused on requirements, key
functions, or special test cases. In addition, systematic coverage pertaining to identify
Business process flows; data fields, predefined processes, and successive processes must
be considered for testing. Before functional testing is complete, additional tests are
identified and the effective value of current tests is determined.

5.4 System Testing:

System testing ensures that the entire integrated software system meets requirements. It
tests a configuration to ensure known and predictable results. An example of system testing is the
configuration oriented system integration test. System testing is based on process descriptions
and flows, emphasizing pre-driven process links and integration points.

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5.5 White Box Testing:

White Box Testing is a testing in which in which the software tester has knowledge of the
inner workings, structure and language of the software, or at least its purpose. It is purpose. It is
used to test areas that cannot be reached from a black box level.

5.6 Black Box Testing:

Black Box Testing is testing the software without any knowledge of the inner workings,
structure or language of the module being tested. Black box tests, as most other kinds of tests,
must be written from a definitive source document, such as specification or requirements
document, such as specification or requirements document. It is a testing in which the software
under test is treated, as a black box .you cannot “see” into it.

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CHAPTER 6

RESULTS

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CONCLUSION AND FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS

This project provides a direct communication between the admin and the employee. It can
assist the staff to concentrate on their related activities rather to concentrate on the records and
reports of issuing leaves. This will help organization in better utilization of human resources. The
system provides proper security and reduces the manual work. The organization will obviously
be able to gain benefits such as savings in operating cost, reduction in paper work, better
utilization of human resources and more presentable image increasing good will. The other
benefits are improved service and faster and better access to up-to-date information

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REFERENCES

www.w3schools.com

www.phppoint.com

www.mysqltutorial.com

www.html.com

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