Acknowledgement:

I would like to acknowledge everyone who helped me to prepare my final report. First of all,
Almighty Allah second my parents. They supported me too much and understand me. Without
my parents I would not be able to achieve this level. Third my group members. They all done
efforts with patients. Thankyou all of you for this support.
Abstract
In this report we will be discuss about, what is 3G and 4G? about their history, scope, introduction,
differences, architecture, advantages and disadvantages, features, design. 3G is likewise called third
era.3G is a wireless telecommunication technology. It is the wireless technology that enables
to transmit wireless data up to 2 megabits per second. It provides for 2G and 2.5G GRS faster
speed to the internet. 4G will be the fourth generation of wireless communication. The
deployment of 4G system ought to be in 2010-2015 times they will enable another leap in
wireless data rate and give spectral efficiency. 4G also known as beyond 3G 4G is basically
about convergence combination of wired and wireless network. 4G technology contains GSM
wireless LAN and Bluetooth as well as computer. 3G, 4G what are they simply the G represent
generation as in the up-coming generation of wireless technology. Every generation is quicker,
faster, progressively secure and more reliable and they made the biggest jump. when the
wireless network went from analog to digital.
3G: Year 2001, Standards UMTS / HSPA, Technology digital, Bandwidth Broad Band, Data rates
up to 2 Mbit/s.
4G: Year 2010, Standards LTE, LTE Advanced, Technology digital, Bandwidth Mobile Broad Band, Data
rates xDSL-like experience, 1 hr. HD movie in 6 minutes, SMS / MMS
Introduction:

3G is likewise called third era. 3G is a wireless telecommunication technology. It is the wireless

technology that enables to transmit wireless data up to 2 megabits per second. It provides for
2G and 2.5G GRS faster speed to the internet.
It consists of mobile device and mobile telecommunication use network and service with the
mobile telecommunication use network and service with the mobile telecommunication. 3G
will be wireless internet to access video calls and mobile TV. It will be access on mobile phone,
laptop and mobile broadband. Third generation give major advancement with the
telecommunication technology 3g system consist on wideband CDMA that control the 5 MHz
of bandwidth and can produce download data rates of regularly 384kb/s. under typical
condition and up Mb/s in some instances. 3G technology models have been extended and
upgraded to further grow data speed and capacity. The WCDMA telephone will be give high
speed packet access (HSPA) will be used higher level QAM modulation to get speeds up to 21
or 42 Mb/s download (cell site to telephone) and up to 7 as well 14 MB/s uplink telephone to
cell site. Though in 4G are called as LTE it will be uses a different ratio technology. Rather than
CDMA it will be uses orthogonal frequency division multiplying (OFDM) and OFDM access. The
modulation technique divides a channel typically 5, 10, or 20 MHz wide into smaller sub
channel or subcarrier every 15 MHz wide each is modulated with part of the information the
fast data will be divide into slower stream that will modulate the subcarrier. It is named all
things considered in light of the fact that it is the third era of the gauges of media transmission
equipment. It is additionally the general innovation for versatile systems administration,
passing the ongoing 2.5G.
The innovation is established on the ITU or Worldwide Telecommunication Union gathering of
measures which has a place with the IMT-2000. 4G is the fourth era of cell phone portable
correspondences gauges. It is a successor of the third era (3G) guidelines. A 4G framework
gives portable ultra-broadband Internet get to. 4G will be the fourth generation of wireless
communication. The deployment of 4G system ought to be in 2010-2015 times they will
enable another leap in wireless data rate and give spectral efficiency. ITU has indicated IMT an
(IMT advanced) for 4G standard and 4G also known as beyond 3G 4G is basically about
convergence combination of wired and wireless network. 4G technology contains GSM
wireless LAN and Bluetooth as well as computer. Global portability support, coordinate
remote arrangement and offered individual administration service networking system. 4G
technology also known as MAGIC it stands for Mobile, Multimedia, Anywhere, Global mobility
solutions over integrated wireless and customized serviced.

What does 3G and 4G mean?

3G, 4G what are they simply the G represent generation as in the up-coming generation of
wireless technology. Every generation is quicker, faster, progressively secure and more
reliable and they made the biggest jump. when the wireless network went from analog to
digital.

Overview of 3G

What is 3g and what they are used. The several companies of mobile phone smartphone
market wireless internet service of mobile 3G. It indicates that advertisement service are
provided on a 3G wireless network. To meet the IMT-2000 guidelines a system is required to
give top information rates of no less than 20 Kbits about (0.2mbts). Many services advertise
3G provide a higher speed that the minimum requirement for 3G service. Their technology
further increases. Its recent 3G release it indicated 3.5G and 3.75G also provide the mobile
broadband access to smartphone, laptop computer and mobile phone.
The following standard are typically branded 3G
 (UMTS) stand for universal mobile telecommunication service which was previously introduce
in 2001 as standard by 3GGP as the country they first time 3GPP technology
Was introduced named as Europe, Japan, China anyway with an alternate radio interface.

Scope:
This Technical Specification characterizes the base specialized necessities for Mobile Terminals
to be utilized in the Third Generation (3G) Mobile Communication Systems
and Administrations, which utilize the WCDMA FDD and WCDMA TDD innovation. 3G Cellular
Mobile Terminals may incorporate handheld, versatile and vehicle-mounted gear, and RF
interface Cards and modems.

BACKGROUND:

3G:
History of 3G technology that the result of research and development work carried out by the
intonation telecommunication union (ITU) in the early 1980. 3G specification wee develop in
fifteen year appeared approximately every tenth year .1 G system were presented in 1979 and
the mid1980s. Every generation is characterized by new frequency group higher information
rates and non in inverse in perfect transmission innovation. The primary 3G system was
presented in 1988 and 4G organize in 2008.

• 1G 1979

• 2G 1988

• 3G 1998

• 4G 2008

• 5G 2018

During the 1990s, two associations attempted to characterize the following, or 3G, portable
framework, which would take out past inconsistencies and become a genuinely worldwide
framework. The 3G framework would have higher quality voice channels, just as broadband
information abilities, up to 2 Mbps. sadly, the two gatherings couldn't accommodate Universal
Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology (IJIET).
 their disparities, and this decade will see the presentation of two portable benchmarks for 3G.
Likewise, China is on the skirt of actualizing a third 3G frameworks. The IMT-2000 family is
made out of five frameworks:
• Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) counting TDD and FDD modes,
• CDMA 2000 1X
• Time Division – Synchronous Code Division Various Access (TD-SCDMA)
• EDGE (additionally called UWC-136)
• Digital Enhanced Cordless Broadcast communications (DECT).
Toward the finish of the choice stage for IMT-2000, two fundamental groups of frameworks
have developed, prompting the production of two gatherings of institutionalization (counting
administrators and makers), in particular:
(1) third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), which built up the W-CDMA standard likewise
called Universal Versatile Telecommunication System (UMTS) in FDD and TDD modes, and (2)
3GPP2, which built up the CDMA 2000 models as a development of the May be 95 measures.
The earthly radio interface of UMTS, called Universal Earthbound Radio Access Network
(UTRAN) has been created through a progression of discharges, downlink information rate of
14.4 Mb/s – High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA).The ITU set rules for "3G
frameworks" in the IMT- 2000 system to help information rate 144 kb/s for high versatility
and 2 Mb/s in a fixed area.

3GPP UMTS Evolution Plan. The single greatest inconvenience to cell systems going ahead is
that as information rates increment, yield power will need to increment, or the extent of the
cells should diminish to help those higher information rates. Since critical increments in yield
control alarm the two customers and controllers, all things considered, we will see
fundamentally littler cells.

4G:

3G may not be adequate to meet issue of future high-performance application like wireless
teleconferencing, multimedia, full motion video. 3G make it trouble on rotating a network
over more than one network. It is a requirement of single broadband network with high
information rates which incorporates wireless LAN Bluetooth, cellular network. 4G-Fourth era
(4G) remote was initially brought about by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA), a similar association that built up the wired Internet. It isn't astonishing, at that
point, that DARPA picked the same circulated engineering for the remote Internet that had
demonstrated so effective in the wired Internet. Despite the fact that specialists and
policymakers still can't seem to concede to every one of the parts of 4G remote, two qualities
have developed as all be that as it may, certain segments of 4G start to finish Internet
Protocol (IP), and distributed systems administration. Sensor on each legislature claimed
vehicle in a flash makes a portable armada that is what might be compared to a multitude of
exceedingly prepared mutts.
As these vehicles approach their day by day obligations of law implementation, trash
accumulation, sewage furthermore, water upkeep, and so on., districts get the additional
advantage of early identification of CBN operators. The sensors on the vehicles can converse
with fixed gadgets mounted on light shafts all through the region, so certain identification can
be detailed continuously. Furthermore, since 4G systems can incorporate inalienable geo-area
without GPS, specialists on call will know where the vehicle is the point at which it recognizes
a CBN specialist.
Cameras in Traffic Lights Some real urban areas have conveyed cameras on traffic lights and
send those pictures back to a headquarters focus. This is commonly done utilizing fiber, which
limits where the cameras can be hung, i.e., no fiber, no camera. 4G systems enable urban
communities to convey cameras and backhaul them remotely. Also, rather than having to
backhaul each camera, urban areas can backhaul each third or fifth or tenth camera, utilizing
different cameras as switch/repeaters. These cameras can likewise fill in as fixed foundation
gadgets to help the portable sensor application portrayed previously. Person on call Route
Selection Using fiber to backhaul cameras implies that the insight gathered streams one way:
from the camera to the war room. Utilizing a 4G organize, those pictures can likewise be sent
from the direction focus pull out to the boulevards. Ambulances and fire engines confronting
clog can question different cameras to pick a backup course of action. Police, stuck in rush
hour gridlock on significant lanes, can look forward and settle on a choice with respect to
whether it would be quicker to remain on the principle streets or exit to the side streets.

Traffic Control During Disasters If a sea tempest hits the Gulf Coast of Florida and vehicles
begin driving east, 4G systems can enable authorities to get to traffic control boxes to change
inland traffic paths to green. Rather than having Foundation distinction.

In 3g innovation which is established on the ITU or International Telecommunication

Association gathering of a standard which has a place with the IMT-2000 use W-CDMA
innovation.

It enables administrators to give clients a greater scope of the most recent administrations, as
it gets greater system limit by means of increased phantom proficiency. The included
administrations are video calls, wide-region remote voice phone and broadband remote data
all included inside the portable condition. While 4G innovation which was begun inside
satellite media business in 2009 which make clients to investigate new downloading rates and
capacities. The use of LTE versatile broadband innovation is an open door for the partnership
to grow its points of view into 4G domain, upstaging current 3G capacities.

The need for 4G systems is related with the expanded usage of information sites, for example,
You Tube and Facebook, which require enormous data transfer capacity so as to be utilized
effectively. 3G is as of now the world's best association strategy with regards to cell phones,
what's more, particularly portable Internet. 3G represents third era as it is only that in
wording of the developmental way of the cell phone industry. 4G implies fourth era. This is a
lot of standard that is being created as a future successor of 3G in the exceptionally close
future. Building contrast: both the Figures beneath give the key segments of these two
designs.

Architectures of 3g and 4g:

Fig: 1 3G architecture
A few key contrasts in a LTE organize empower greater adaptability in its design than a 3G. A
useful portrayal of 3G organize design is appeared in Figure 1. In this system, the Base
Terminal Station (BTS)/Nodes Bs total the radio access organize (RAN) traffic and transport it
over a versatile Comparison of 3G Wireless Networks and 4G Wireless Networks: 3 backhaul
system to the Radio Network Controllers (RNCs)/Base Station Controller (BSCs). Ordinarily this
vehicle is over T1/E1 copper offices. On the off chance that fiber is accessible at or on the
other hand close to the phone site, at that point the phone traffic is transported over
SDH/SONET rings or, all the more as of late, a bearer Ethernet arrange when the Nodes Bs are
furnished with IP/Ethernet interfaces.
The carrier traffic from various RNCs/BSCs is multiplexed at the Mobile Telephone Switching
Office (MTSO) and after that moved by means of direct burrowing to the Gateway GPRS
Serving Nodes (GGSNs) in the center information focus. This vehicle is regularly over a
SDH/SONET ring or a transporter Ethernet arrange. This layered accumulation and transport
structure fits a point-to-point arrange topology to limit both the measure of accumulation
hardware required furthermore, the vehicle backhaul cost. In a 3G pre-Release 8 arrange, the
RNCs and SGSNs are intended to help both the flagging and conveyor plane handling and data
transfer capacity prerequisites.
The accentuation in the structure for these system components is in giving the handling
important to help the high supporter checks and Packet Data Protocol PDP settings as the
transmission capacity prerequisites for conveyance of the underlying 3G information
administrations (content and email) were not critical. Since the information benefits that
commonly kept running overthese frameworks isn't ongoing neither QoS or dormancy was an
issue. In this manner, the situation of these components is as a rule in areas that basically
meet the PDP setting and system inactivity necessities. In this manner, the current 3G parcel
center engineering is normally a brought together system plan with the GGSNs conveyed in
real server farms, and every one of the information administrations are backhauled from the
SGSNs which are deliberately sent in territorial serving workplaces. Since the total data
transfer capacity for these administrations did not increment altogether until the previous
couple of years, the backhaul transport costs were sensible and could be upheld with rented
TDM or then again lower rate OC-n/STM-n interfaces.

Fig2: 4G architecture
MIMO as opposed to traditional communication system they give advantage multipath grow
to increase throughput range coverage and multimedia network utilize spatial multiplier
where in numerous transmitting antennas and various getting receiving antennas are used it
will be permit parallel streams to be transmitted simultaneously by those antenna MIMO
transmit different signals over the communication channel.
Above fig.2 gives an abnormal state utilitarian portrayal of a LTE/4G arrange. This system is
made out of three noteworthy sub-arranges: The Evolved Universal Earthbound Radio Access
Networks (eUTRAN), which gives the air interface and neighborhood portability the board of
the client gear (UE), the developed bundle center (EPC), and the broadband backhaul organize
that gives the accumulation of cell traffic and transport back to the EPC. The 3GPP LTE
measures characterized the EPC as a set of intelligent information and control plane capacities
that can be executed either as incorporated or as isolated system components. The four EPC
capacities are: The Serving Passage (SGW), the Packet Data Network Gateway (PGW) that
bolsters the information or carrier traffic; and the Mobility Management Entity (MME) and
the Policy Charging furthermore, Rules Function (PCRF) which bolster the dynamic versatility
the board and approach control traffic. The backhaul arrange either is possessed by the
remote administrator or on the other hand is rented from an outsider backhaul get to
supplier. Any number of transport advancements can be utilized for backhaul including bundle
microwave, parcel optical, Transporter Ethernet, IP/MPLS, GPON and xDSL 3G advancements
are in far reaching use while 4G agreeable advances are still in the skyline: The greatest
distinction between the two is in the presence of agreeable advances. There are a pack of
advances that fall under 3G, including WCDMA, EV-DO, and HSPA among others. In spite of
the fact that a ton of cell phone organizations rush to name their advances as 4G.
for example, LTE, WiMAX, and UMB, none of these are really agreeable to the determinations
put forward by the 4G standard. These innovations are regularly alluded to as Pre-4G or 3.9G.
IPV6 is also used in 4G. IPV6 is upgraded version of previously used IPV6. IPV6 help in easier
management of network because it has auto configuration capabilities it is simpler and more
manageable. IPV4 has 4 octets for addressing while IPV6 has 16 octets for address. Direct
addressing is possible in IPV6 due to fast address space. IPV4 address were not enough for the
complete world but IPV6 has abundance of addresses (3.4 exp 10 38). Security feature are also
improved in IPV6. With the help of VOIP we can make calls over IP based data network. With
the help of VIOP we can make call PC to PC and phone to phone (via internet). With the help
of VIOP integration of voice and data.
UWB stand for ultra-wide band. UWB is also used in 4G ultra-wide band is a wireless
technology for transmitting large amount of digital data over a wide spectrum of frequency
bands with very low power of short distance spectrum at low cost low power. it is important
for new internet application it helps in prioritization of network traffic.
SDR is also used in 4G it is the short form the software define radio are instead implemented
by means of software on a personal computer or embedded system SDR is one form of open
wireless architecture (OWA).Since 4G is a collection of wireless standard.

4G speed are much faster compare to 3G:

4G speeds are intended to surpass that of 3G. Current 3G speeds are beaten out at 14Mbps
downlink and 5.8Mbps uplink. To have the capacity to qualify as a 4G innovation, velocities of
up to 100Mbps must be gone after a moving client and 1Gbps for a stationary client. Up until
now, these paces are just reachable with wired LANs.
The fourth age is quicker, it is said to be multiple times quicker than its ancestor. This permits
for an association speed increasingly practically identical to DSL and home link systems. It is
extraordinary news for those finishing work and achieving significant assignments from their
home and office. While transferring extensive archives and conveying by means of the web, a
quick association is significant. Though 3g doesn't support such speed as contrasted with that
of 4G.
3G is a mix of circuit packet switching network while 4G is only a packet switching network:
Another key change in 4G is the surrender of circuit exchanging. 3G advancements utilize a
mixture of circuit exchanging and parcel exchanging. Circuit exchanging is an old innovation
that has been utilized in phone frameworks for quite a while. The drawback to this innovation
is that it ties up the asset for whatever length of time that the association is kept up. Bundle
exchanging is an innovation that is predominant in PC arranges however has since showed up
in cell phones too. With parcel exchanging, assets are possibly utilized when there is data to
be sent over. The proficiency of parcel exchanging permits the cell phone organization to
press more discussions
into a similar data transfer capacity. 4G innovations would never again use circuit exchanging
notwithstanding for voice calls and video calls. All data that is passed around would be
parcel changed to improve productivity. While uploading extensive report and imparting
through the internet will be fast as important while 3g does not support such speed as
contrasted with that of 4g.

Comparison of 3G wireless network in 4G wireless network:

Network
3G 4G
Furthermore, what is much more
Another distinction between the two is the
noteworthy is the 4G information rates are
system. At the point when the 3G was
required to be even
presented, cell telephone clients were at
long last ready to talk and access higher. Clients will have the ability of
getting to more information at higher
information in the meantime and with
higher information rates. This considered a
superior full administration for phone
clients wishing to get to the web.
older models may just be compatible with
3G network
Bandwidth
the information rate of the third era just
goes up to 2 Mbps,
Design
The 3G innovation gives both circuit plan
and bundle structure. Circuit structure,
being the most established, has more
prominent capacity to hold the association
for a more extended span. On the other
hand the bundle configuration is remote
innovation and is the center piece of web
information transmission. The mix of these
two examples helps 3G innovation to
perform better and quicker.
Data transmission rate
3G framework depends on wideband
CDMA that works in 5 MHz of transmission
capacity and can create download
information rates of regularly 384 kb/s
under ordinary conditions and up to 2Mb/s
in some instances.3g telephone norms
have been extended and upgraded to
further extend information speed and
limit. The WCDMA telephones have
included fast bundle get to (HSPA) that
utilization more elevated amount QAM
adjustment to get accelerates to 21 or then
again 42 Mb/s downlink (cell site to
telephone) and up to 7 or potentially 14
Mb/s uplink (telephone to cell site)
velocities while chatting on their PDA.
Furthermore, the fourth era allows more
information transmission of such
administrations as recreations and sight
and sound. It additionally permits a bigger
sum of web support. 4G network must be
used with never 4G compatible cell
phones
the fourth goes all the far up to between
100 Mbps to 1 Gbps.
Nonetheless, the 4G innovation is kept free
from circuit structure with an aim to gives
nanosecond wings to information
exchange thus has parcel structure as it
were.
in 4G otherwise called LTE utilizes a totally
extraordinary radio innovation. Rather
than CDMA, it utilizes symmetrical
recurrence division multiplexing (OFDM)
and OFDM get to. This regulation method
separates a channel generally 5, 10 or 20
MHz wide into littler subchannels or
subcarriers every 15 kHz wide. Each is
adjusted with part of the information. The
quick information is partitioned into slower
streams that regulate the subcarriers with
one of a few balance plans like QPSK or
16QAM. It likewise characterizes different
information numerous yield (MIMO)
activity that employments
 a few transmitter-recipient radio wires.
The information stream is partitioned
between the receiving wires to help speed
and to make the connection progressively
solid.

Quality of services
In 3G, organize put together QOS depends in 4G as for system quality, numerous
with respect to following element to give broadcast communications suppliers are
an agreeably administration as: promising that there will be upgraded
Throughput, Packet Loss Rate, Packet Loss availability, and the nature of information
Rate, dependability and deferral. that is transmitted over the system will be
of the most noteworthy conceivable
quality.

Service and Billing

3G systems that are equipped for Where as in 4G overseeing client accounts
supporting a consistently expanding and
assortment of information administrations charging them has turned out to be
from gushing video, to gaming, to substantially more confused with 4G
restrictive business applications, to systems. This is for the most part because
portable business exchanges for of heterogeneity of 4G systems and the
unmistakable merchandise and ventures. continuous association of specialist co-ops.
Be that as it may, as 3G at last makes it into 4G inclusion in densely populated area,
the standard, its prosperity is inseparably such as, your closest CBD, however in rural
connected to how the location.
CSPs(Communications Service Providers)
charge and bill for administrations in
manners that are both instinctive and
worthy to the end client while additionally
being pertinent to the CSP's expenses and
charging capacities. 3G will be available in
more places you will be tends to find the
best coverage 3G is still for the most part
utilized

Speed
They are both mobile data connection; 4G will be a newer technology that has the
however, 3G is a more established
 technology that normally conveys slower
speeds. 3G develops speed as a download
progress.
capacity to convey faster speeds. 4G will be
reach speed up to 50Mbps – 10 times will
be faster than most 3G connection 4GX or
4G LTE (Long Term Evolution) and past can
achieve speeds upwards of 400mbps. The
difference in speed is even more
noticeable in larger file in case you're
downloading movies s or trying to keep up
a HD Netflix stream, you will be notice a
bigger difference The difference between
3G and 4G truly begin to appear as the size
of the file utilized increase. Through 4G
speeds stay consistent over time.While 3G
and 4G basically fill a similar purpose, 4G is
broadly better than 3G much of the time.
There are just two real possible downsides
to utilizing 4G

Features and capabilities of 3G and 4G:

3G:
There are two main categories in 3G technology
• Data rates

• Security

• The first feature of 3G Technology innovation is that provide greater voice and data capacity
and give data transmission at low cost

• The second feature of 3G Technology is that provide greater security features is that good
advancement of security instead of 2G network access security

Data speed of 3G Technologies from 144 kbps to 2 Mbps. 3G technology give high speed and
browsing to the customer. Running web-based application like video conferencing multimedia
e-mail etc. 3G technology give the fast and easy transfer of audio and data video files. 3G
technologies give the supporting of 3D gaming .3G technology possible transfer speed is 3
Mbps
4G:

4g technology Mobile telephone development is much like human advancement, simply

speed it up like a million times. Inside 2 decades cell phones has changed from a block to a
performing multiple tasks contraption. Cell phones when it was presented was greater than
the cordless telephones of today and could be utilized just to call or text. At this point you can
imagine the level of change this device experienced in two decades, pivotal to this was the
advancement of versatile information, from 1G to 4G web speeds this changed over our cell
gadgets into cell phones.
Mobile internet enabled the user to perform undertakings other than simply messaging and
calling, yet then the speed used to become an integral factor. 2G wasn't quick enough to
perform task and will be limited the use of a cell phone. At the point when 3G arrived it was
quick enough to perform out a few undertakings of a cell phone yet as new technology
arrived, for example, HD video calls and significantly more, it requested for a quicker
connection. To take into account these developing requests 4G was launched, it guaranteed
speeds that were superior to your home broadband association. Following are some
feature highlights of 4G –

Faster speed
4G connection will be faster 4-5 times than its predecessor. It will be imagine a situation
where you can download a whole film in almost no time that is the thing that 4G will be
enable you to download bigger records files within seconds, you will be stream HD video and
perform HD video calls

Better signal
Being the brand new in technology expect 4G to have better signals. An internet must be
accessible day 24/7 the signal of 4G must be solid. The vast majority of the organizations are
based on internet and 4G being the quickest needs the better signal.

Wider coverage
4G network will provide more wider coverage contrast with their predecessor. A Wi-Fi has
constrained coverage ranking to only few of hundred feet. A 4G connection turn your whole
square into a hotspot and regardless of whether it drops there's dependably 3G backup, rest
assured the user will be guaranteed availability consistently.

Affordability
The expense of a 4G connection is fair as it's recently arrived and organizations are attempt to
reach greatest number of users. They costs are slashed cut as network companies need
to persuade new user into the 4G smartphone market. The previously mentioned pointers
are the remarkable highlights of 4G, there are a few more, however these are what separates
it, the primary being speed
 Specification/capabilities 3G 4G
Frequency band 1.8 - 2.5 GHz 2 - 8 GHz
Band with 5 – 20 MHz 5 – 20 MHz

Access Wide band CDMA Multi – carrier

CDMA or
OFDM(TDMA)
FEC Turbo codes Concatenated code
Switching Circuit/packet Packet

Advantages of 3g and 4G wireless networks:

3G:
Every one of the capacities performed in a typical 2G Smartphone can be performed in 3G at a
higher speed. 3G give quicker availability web access and music with improved quality
• 3G mobile technology will be used to access the internet. it is also used in download games
and songs at high speed

• 3G technology give videos calling high quality voice and video streaming

• 3G technology will be used to online TV streaming in mobile. It also give the information of
whether updates and news headline in mobile

• 3G expand bit rate which encourages the specialist co-option to give fast web office and
numerous applications to the user

• 3G technology will provide data transmission speed up to 2Mbits. It is used in stationary mode

• 3G technology provide multi-player gaming and location-based service

• 3G technology permission to the user to be online all the time

• 3g technology will be used in office in virtual banking and online selling.

4G:
• Requires 3G perfect handsets.
• The expense of moving up to 3G gadget is costly.
• Power utilization is high.
• 3G requires nearer base stations which is costly.
• 1.7k perspectives
• Affordable communication service
• High capacity high speed and will be a cost per bit
• Support for interact multimedia, voice, streaming video, internet and other broadband
service
• Global access service probability and scalable mobile service and variety of quality of service
provide
• Battery spectral efficiency
• Seamless network of multiple network and air interface

Disadvantages of 3G and 4G wireless networks:

3G:

• Requires 3G good handsets.

• The expense of moving up to 3G device is costly.
• Power utilization is high.
• 3G requires nearer base stations which is costly.
• 1.7k perspectives.

4G:
• Battery usage more
• Hard to implement
• Need complicated hardware
• New frequencies imply new parts in cell towers.
• Higher information costs for consumer.
• Consumer is compelled to purchase another support to help the 4G.
• It is difficult to make your current equipment compatible with the 4G network.
 Applications of 3G and 4G wireless networks:
3G:
• 3G mobile can be utilized as a modem for the computer that can access to the internet. 3G
Technology provide video calls, high quality voice calls and give the better live broadcasting in
the mobile you can obtain whether updates and news headlines.

• 3G network give the continuous multiplayer gaming and location-based service.3G Technology
enable the use to be online at every time. It is permits the mobile office service known as
banking, conferencing, and online selling is work in the best application

• It secure Remote access network and connectedness to small branch and temporary location
simple and easy use of 3G Technology.

When 4G infrastructure become increasingly normal, clients will see the live streaming like
YouTube, better video calls and b
better battery life. Right now, 4G signals are rarer outside of huge urban areas, so telephones
expend a lot of energy looking around for a 4G flag.

4G:
• Better usage of multimedia application
• Virtual presence 4G system give mobile user a virtual presence (for example always on
connection to keep people on event) video conferencing
• Taleggio processing: Queries dependent on location information of several user in addition
temporal aspects have many application Eg: GPS, GIS
• 4G in normal life
1 Traffic control
2 Mobile phones
3 Sensor on public vehicle.
Procedure:
The procedure of the report is first we talk about the introduction of 3g and 4g wireless
network. Second we talk about introduction, scope, background, overview. Third we talk
about their architectures. Fourth we see the comparison od each other. Fifth we talk about
their features then their advantages and disadvantages. Sixth we talk about their applications
and finally conclusion.
Conclusion

1G:
Year 1991

Standards AMPS, TACS

Technology Analog

Bandwidth –

Data rates –

2G:
Year 1991
Standards GSM, GPRS, EDGE
Technology Digital
Bandwidth Narrow Band
Data rates < 80 - 100 Kbit/s.
3G:
Year 2001
Standards UMTS / HSPA
Technology digital
Bandwidth Broad Band
Data rates up to 2 Mbit/s.

4G:
Year 2010
Standards LTE, LTE Advanced
Technology digital
Bandwidth Mobile Broad Band
Data rates xDSL-like experience
1 hr. HD movie in 6 minutes
SMS / MMS
References
Book Wireless Communication

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 Glossary of terms
• WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access)
• TD-SCDMA (Time Division – Synchronous Code Division Various Access
• TDD (Test Driven Development/ Design)
• FDD (Floppy Disk Drive)

• EDGE (Enhance Data GSM Environment)

• DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Broadcast communications)
• UWC-136 (Universal Wireless Communication)
• GPRS (General Packet Radio Services)
• WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access)

• UBN (United Broadband Network)

• GSM (Global System for Mobile)

• SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)

• PDH (Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy)

• EPC (Evolved Packet Core)

• SDR (Software Defined Radio)

Appendices:

We have taken interview of organization called JAZZ.

In the interview we have learned about the call setup structure and the difference between
3G and 4G technology services.
The manager of JAZZ told us that how the calls connect one person to another. If we talk
about only Warid have three MSCs which control 27 BSCs and 27 BSCs control 749 towers.
When we call any person the signals goes to the tower called then BTS transfers signals to
omni directional antennas called BTS (Base Transceiver Station), then BTS transfers signals to
BSC (Base Station Controller) and then BSC transfers signals to MSC (Mobile Switching Center)
if we call jazz to jazz network then MSC (Mobile Switching Center) search what BSC the
number is connected then MSC search where that BSC is. When the signals connected to all
the towers then the bell rings to the phone. And all these data transfer is circuit switching. The
flow chart of the call setup shown below:
3G and 4G both are data packages. 3G and 4G is a packet switching technology and the main
difference between 3G and 4G is the speed of the 4G technology the speed of 4G is much
faster than 3G technology and the backhand technology remains same.