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Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

One major phenomenon that bit by bit destroyed the health of the Filipino people

is the lack of sleep. From the effects of geometric rise of internet usage, various Filipino

chose to sleep less and lesser with dangerous effects. Students who tend to stay up late

to responsibly finish the tasks thought it is much better, it’s not. It is a bad habit that we’ve

got to handle soon. Sleep deprivation is a common problem that a student encounters

that can greatly affect their physical and mental state and school performances.

Having no enough sleep degrades one’s performance, being sloth, having a hard

time in following orders, and many other more problems. Since this sleep deprivation is

widespread on many households, some people classify it as a social aspect that needs

an immediate attention to lessen it, in any ways possible.

Background of the Study

Sleep deprivation is one of the problems of many students face due to several

factors. There are three types of measures commonly used to assess the effects of sleep

deprivation: cognitive performance, motor performance and mood. Lack of sleep

definitely affects your performance the next day, and probably for a longer period of time
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than you might expect, according to a new study. Sleep deprivation have a major impact

to some people especially students.

Some students that suffer this, perform less active than others having enough

sleep. Since we know that sleep is essential in rejuvenating our strength, lacking a

certain necessity also affects the ways of living of a human being, in some cases, ends

someone’s life.

Conceptual Framework

Profile of Students
who are sleep
deprived

The Researchers
Gathering Information

The Impact of sleep

deprivation on the
students of Saint
Francis of Assisi
College
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Figure 1 Conceptual Framework

Figure 1 presents how the Researchers will conduct an interview to students

Saint Francis of Assisi College – Bacoor Campus.

Statement of the Problem

This study deals with the impact of sleep deprivation among students of Saint

Francis of Assisi College – Bacoor Campus. Specifically, this study aims to answer the

following questions:

1. What are the factors that contribute to sleep deprivation?

2. What causes the students of sleep deprivation?

3. How does sleep deprivation affect the student’s performance in class?

Assumptions

a. The students are maybe doing house chores and load of school worksheets

before going to bed.

b. There may be another causes aside from the house chores and school

worksheets.
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c. Sleep deprivation will affect the mood, energy, focus and concentration to

learn that will directly affect the students’ academic performances.

Scope and Delimitation

This study only aims to explore the causes and effects of sleep deprivation among

students. This study is limited to the impact of sleep deprivation among student of Saint

Francis of Assisi College – Bacoor Campus and does not aim to give answers to other

factors.

Significance of the Study

This study will help in exploring the causes and effects behind why some students

have restless nights. Thus, this study will benefit the following:

Students

The students are highly affected in this topic as the one experiencing sleep deprivation.

In this topic, they will get acquainted to the other effects of being sleep deprived and will

be able to formulate ways for time management.

Teachers
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This study will help the teachers to be informed why some students are not

participating, drowsy, and not attentive during class hours.

Parents

This study can help in knowing the conditions of their children.

Future Researchers

This study will help them know what may be the reasons behind sleep deprivation.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are defined operationally:

 Attentive – (adj.) Paying close attention to something.

 Cognition - (n.) The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and

understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.

 Drowsy – (adj.) Sleepy and lethargic; half asleep.

 Psychological – (adj.) Affecting, or arising in the mind; related to the mental

and emotional state of a person.

 Sleeplessness – (n.) Inability to sleep; insomnia.

 Sleep Deprivation – (n.) The situation or condition of suffering from a lack

of sleep.
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 Stress – (n.) A state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from

adverse or very demanding circumstances

 Chronotype – (n.) A person's natural inclination with regard to the times of

day when they prefer to sleep or when they are most alert or energetic.
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Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents information gathered from books, journals, and online

sources that provided the researchers with the review of the topic and the necessary

background to pursue the study.

RELATED LITERATURE

Local

Pilcher and Walters (2010) conducted a survey in 44 college students. Participants

completed the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal after either 24 hours of sleep

deprivation or approximately 8 hours of sleep. After completing the cognitive task, the

participants completed 2 questionnaires, one assessing self-reported effort,

concentration, and estimated performance, the other assessing off-task cognitions. As

expected, sleep-deprived participants performed significantly worse than the non-

deprived participants on the cognitive task. However, the sleep-deprived participants

rated their concentration and effort higher than the non-deprived participants did. In

addition, the sleep-deprived participants rated their estimated performance significantly

higher than the non-deprived participants did. The findings indicate that college students
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are not aware of the extent to which sleep deprivation negatively affects their ability to

complete cognitive tasks.

On September 25, 2015, Phil Star Global posted an article by Bill Velasco tittled

“This sleep-deprived nation”. It stated here that sleep debt can shorten children’s attention

span and even bring on ADHD-like symptoms. Some people think that staying awake to

finish work is the lesser evil. Because of millions of Filipinos are choosing to sleep less

and less, it is resulting to dangerous effects. Unlike tired or sleepy adults who become

slow, children compensate for their exhaustion by becoming hyperactive and loud, and

cannot comprehend why they are becoming so. Proper sleep has been proven to help

students perform better in school the following day, particularly in complicated tasks like

mathematics. We can only assume that students do the same thing during on school

nights, particularly towards the end of terms, when preparations for theses and oral

exams pile up. After restricted sleep, fat cells taken from the stomachs of the participants

became less sensitive to insulin, the hormone that helps control blood sugar.

According to an article released by the PELI (2017), the results of the 2016 Healthy

Living Index Survey indicates that 46 percent of Filipinos do not get enough sleep while

32 percent say that they sleep for less than six hours. In the 2017 Philips’ Unfiltered Sleep:

A Global Prioritization Puzzle , an international survey which looked at how people across

the globe perceive, prioritize and prepare for sleep, more than 8 in 10 adults (84 percent)

say that a variety of activities take precedence over a good night’s sleep. Beyond lifestyle
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habits, one of the most common causes of poor sleep quality is Obstructive Sleep Apnea

(OSA), a condition that disrupts the sleep cycle and affects one’s energy, intellectual

performance and long-term health. Untreated OSA in the long-run can result in life-

threatening conditions such as cardiovascular diseases; type 2 diabetes, abnormal heart

rhythms, high blood pressure and even stroke.

According to Tina Arceo - Dumlao (2014), Filipinos have among the worst health

habits in Asia, according to a new research from Sun Life Financial Asia covering eight

major markets in Asia Pacific. Obesity levels in the Philippines, however, are still below

the region’s average, and well behind the numbers in Thailand, Malaysia and Hong Kong.

Over 60 percent of Filipinos also said they have not been exercising regularly, exceeding

the regional average of 56 percent, and almost at the same level as Hong Kong, Thailand

and Malaysia. Being overweight and obese was also cited as the main personal health

issue hounding Asians. The Sun Life Financial Asia Health Index, a regional report that

covered the Philippines, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore

and Thailand, likewise showed that Filipinos had the highest levels of family history of

chronic illness (19 percent versus the average of 13 percent). The Sun Life Asia Health

Index was based on the findings of a survey conducted between Aug. 21 and Sept. 11,

2014 among 5,000 middle-income Asians from the Philippines, Hong Kong, Malaysia,

Indonesia, Vietnam, China, Singapore and Thailand, aged 25 and 55

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According to the report of Gemma Amargo - Garcia (2019), under the unapproved

House Bill No. 569, Bacolod Rep. Gred Gatasya, stated that classes should start no

more earlier than 8:30 in the morning because of transportation, huge workload under

the K-12 Curriculum, and difficulty on going to school in remote areas that may affect the

health and safety of the students.

Foreign

Previous studies confirmed that terrible sleep prospectively envisioned alcohol‐

related issues and illicit drug use in youth and younger adults (Wong and Brower, 2012;

Wong et al., 2010). However, extra work wishes to be achieved to elucidate the nature of

these problems. The motive of this study used to be to take a look at whether sleep

difficulties and hours of sleep prospectively estimated several serious substance‐related

problems, for example, binge drinking, using beneath the effect of alcohol, and risky

sexual behavior. Sleep difficulties and hours of sleep are a full-size predictor of a quantity

of substance‐related problems. It may additionally be useful to train youngsters about the

significance of sleep, sleep hygiene, and the manageable penalties of terrible sleep on

ingesting and associated behaviors. (Maria M. Wong, Gail C. Robertson, Rachel B.

Dyson, 2015).

Epidemiologic research has proven that persistent brief sleep may also be related

with the development of hypertension; however, the consequences are controversial. This
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meta-analysis was once performed to determine whether the duration of sleep is

associated with hypertension. Excessively longer and shorter periods of sleep can also

both be danger elements for high blood pressure; these associations are superior in

female than men. (Wang Y, Mei H, Jiang YR, Sun WQ, Song YJ, Liu SJ, Jiang F, 2015)

Undergraduate college students experience a shape of circadian misalignment –

called “social jetlag” – that represents the discrepancy in timing between their circadian

and social clocks. at the same time as social jetlag isn't based upon chronotype, the two

phenomena have a tendency to be related; evening types show a tendency to have a

more social jetlag, for instance. Moreover, nighttime sorts had been found to be much

more likely to have insufficient ingesting habits than do morning sorts. The goal of this

study became to take a look at the relationship among chronotype, social jetlag, perceived

sleep debt and nutritional consumption in Brazilian undergraduate college students. it's

far concluded that, in undergraduate students, chronotype (MSF), social jetlag and

perceived sleep debt can impact the type and amount of a few food corporations ate up

at mealtimes. (Catarina Mendes Silva, Maria Carliana Mota, Mariana Tavares Miranda,

Samantha Lemos Paim, Jim Waterhouse & Cibele Aparecida Crispim, 2016).

Ongoing work gives proof that lack of sleep is emphatically identified with

wrongdoing. In this examination, we draw on Baumeister and partners' quality model of

restraint to propose a clarification for this affiliation. In particular, we contend that low
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discretion is the build that scaffolds the connection between lack of sleep and wrongdoing.

To test the proposed model, we look at review information drawn from a

longitudinal multi-city accomplice investigation of young people who were finished from

birth age 15 (N = 825; 50 % female; 82 % non-Hispanic white, 59 % two-parent family

unit). The outcomes from relapse models utilizing inactive components show: Lack of

sleep is emphatically identified with low restraint; low discretion is decidedly identified with

misconduct; and the connection between lack of sleep and wrongdoing is circuitous and

works through low poise. Stunningly, these connections developed when representing

potential foundation wellsprings of fakeness, including neighborhood setting,

burdensome side effects, child rearing practices, unstructured associating with friends,

and earlier misconduct. Suggestions and headings for future research are talked about.

(Ryan C. Meldrum, J.C. Barnes, Carter Roughage, 2015).

People with DSL get to tend to sleep 25 minutes less than their partners without

DSL Web. They are altogether less likely to sleep between 7 and 9 hours, the sum

prescribed by the logical community, and are less likely to fulfilled with their sleep,

analysts discover, The impact is to a great extent driven by people that confront time

imperatives within the evening (not by their utilize all through the day). (Bocconi College,

2018).
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Related Studies

Local

As doctors, we all know it's unnatural and unhealthy to ignore the urge to sleep.

We all know that forever staying up late or, worse, preceding a decent night’s sleep

altogether, eventually takes its toll on the body. Predictably, we tend to shortly notice

ourselves giving in to slumber. Sleep, after all, sings to us in a sort of a siren, beckoning

us to put our weary heads on its lap and savor the offered respite. You may then notice

us sleeping wherever our brains favor to shut down: in a very chair within the ER, on the

ground of the hospital room, or before of our laptops, drooling and snoring warmly, our

e-reports sadly unfinished and still looking ahead to our next keystroke. The problem is

that we don’t think it’s a problem – at least, it’s nobody’s problem but ours. When

someone is sleep deprived; after sleeping for less than five hours, an otherwise-healthy

being will no longer be as alert as his peers, preceding a whole night’s sleep, someone

can experience a decline in cognitive function, and Chronic sleep deprivation of even

just two hours each night leads to sleep debt that human beings have yet to successfully

adapt to, according to the study of David Dingges (1997). (Sleep Deprivation, 2019)

According to the 2016 Healthy Living Index Survey, Filipinos have one of the

highest rates of sleep deprivation in Asia; forty-six percent of Filipinos do not get enough

sleep while thirty-two percent said they sleep for less than six hours.
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This mirrors a lifestyle challenge that urbanites worldwide are grappling with. In

the 2017 Philips’ Unfiltered Sleep: A Global Prioritization Puzzle, an international survey

which looked at how people across the globe perceive, prioritize and prepare for sleep,

more than 8 in 10 adults (eighty-four percent) say that a variety of activities take

precedence over a good night’s sleep.

To increase the rate of diagnosis, Philips, the global leader in sleep and

respiratory solutions, together with the Sleep Society of Philippines and Centuria Medical

Makati, Philippines’ First Medical Mall hosted the Sleep Apnea Forum to educate

healthcare professionals in the diagnosis and treatment of OSA.

“Lifestyle habits aside, the incidence of sleep deprivation in the Philippines is

escalating with the misdiagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. By educating healthcare

professionals at the SleepApnea Forum, we aim to enhance the diagnosis and treatment

of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the country. With Philips’ DreamStation and DreamWear

solutions, we are confident of achieving better treatment outcome and enhancing patient

adoption by empowering them to monitor and manage their respiratory condition

independently.” (Uranisee Petasongkram, 2017)

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Foreign

Sleep deprivation is common amongst university students whom exposed a

culture that promotes reduced sleep, because of the burden of educational work and

social pursuits. The factors for poor sleep hygiene embody alcohol and caffeine intake,

stimulants, and technology that stop students achieving adequate sleep time and quality.

For decades, the dreaded all-nighter has been viewed as a fundamental pillar of

the college student experience. Most students probably know that depriving themselves

from sleep is bad, but nonetheless they’re willing to sacrifice sleep and as a consequence,

health, telling themselves it’s just for a short time and they can soon start sleeping 12-

hours a day once the semester draws to a close. But research shows that sleep is

extremely important, not just during finals week but throughout the entire semester.

College students are known for slapdash sleeping habits, but these patterns could be

detrimentally impacting your performance, and it’s time to nip them in the bud.

A study by Brigham and Women’s Hospital shows how a regular bed time has a

significant impact on sleep, not just the number of hours slept. The research measured

sleep and circadian rhythms as well as the association to academic performance among

college students. The research found that students who had more regular sleep patterns

had better average school grades. When it came to the average sleep duration, they
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actually found no significant difference between students with irregular sleep patterns and

most regular sleepers. This goes to show that it’s not always the hours of sleep you’re

getting but rather the fact you’re not sleeping regularly, that can affect your performance.

(Segaren, 2018)

Justification of the Study

Sleep deprivation, as we all know, is one of the common circumstance that

anyone can experience. Lack of sleep can severely affect the energy levels, physical,

emotional and mental performance of an individual. Sleep deprivation impacts our health

and safety from the surroundings and can also cause countable diseases. Lack of sleep

doesn't just make you tired; it can have dangerous unseen effects. This study regarding

sleep deprivation was conducted to be aware of the factors and how it affects the

students of Saint Francis of Assisi College – Bacoor Campus.

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Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research procedures that was used in the study. It shall

be presented as follows: a) Research Method/Design, b) Population and Sampling, c)

Participants of the study, d) Research Instrument, e) Validation of Instrument and f)

Data Gathering Procedures.

Research Design

The research follows a qualitative design on how sleep deprivation can affect the

students aside from the other factors. Qualitative research design varies depending upon

the method used; participant observations, in-depth interviews, and focus groups are all

examples of methodologies which may be considered during qualitative research design.

The researchers performed an in-depth interview with the participants who have been

sleep deprived. By doing an interview, the researchers used a purposive sampling

wherein, participants are selected according to the purpose of the study, with semi-

structured questionnaires, making it easier and less time consuming for the researchers

when doing an interview.

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Population and Sampling

The researchers interviewd 15 individuals to answer the questions using in-depth

or one-on-one interview. The 15 participants that the researchers had interviewed are

Grade 11 students of Saint Francis of Assisi College – Bacoor Campus. Upon conducting

an interview, the researchers used a purposive sampling. The researchers have selected

students according to the purpose of the study which is the impact of sleep deprivation

among students.

Participants of the Study

The participants that are involved in this study are the senior high school students

from the different strands of SFAC – Bacoor Campus. The 15 participants was selected

according to the purpose of the study will be interviewed on how sleep-deprivation affects

them.

Research Instrument

For collecting data and information of the respondents that are essential to the

study, the researchers created a semi-structured questionnaire and have used it for the

interview. The questions are as follows:

1. What is your grade and section?

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2. On what time do you usually sleep?

3. Have you ever experienced sleeping late or being sleep deprived?

4. If yes, what is the reason you were sleep deprived or you slept late?

5. How did lack sleep or sleep deprivation affect your academic performance?

6. What do you think causes student’s sleep deprivation?

Validation of Instrument

The self-made questions are forwarded to the research adviser and the research

panel for comments and suggestions. The comments that was given has been

incorporated for the improvement of the questions.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers had formulated a questionnaire that can help them gather

information. Before conducting an interview, the researchers made a letter to the Principal

to inform them that the researchers had conducted an interview to the students inside the

school premises. As the researchers carry on the interview, they looked for participants

from different strands and asked them if they are having insufficient sleep frequently

before and had discuss the researchers’ purpose and intentions regarding the topic of the

impact of sleep deprivation among students of SFAC – Bacoor Campus before

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proceeding with the interview. The researchers assured them that their information and

answer will be treated with utmost confidentiality.

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Chapter IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

In this chapter, the researchers have gathered data from the participants and

organized it in the form of tables. Each table presented the questions asked in the

interview guide.

Table 1: Summary of Narrative Responses of Participants

Theme Sub Theme Responses

Activeness 10 PM - 11 PM Participant 3: 10 PM

Participant 7: 11 PM

Participant 13: 10 AM or 11 PM

11 PM - 12 AM Participant 10: 11 PM or 12 AM

Participant 14: 11 PM or 12 AM

12 AM - 1 AM Participant 1: 1 AM

Participant 2: 1 AM

Participant 6: 12 AM

Participant 8: 1 AM
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Participant 9: 12 AM

Participant 11: 12 AM or 1 AM

Participant 12: 1 AM

Participant 15: 12 AM or 1 AM

1 AM – 2 AM Participant 5: 1 AM or 2 AM

2 AM – 3 AM Participant 4: 3 AM

As shown from table 1, participants tend to be active until no more later than 2

AM to 3 AM. Majority of the participants are active until 12 AM to 1 AM in the midnight,

doing the activities right before they put themselves into slumber.

Table 2: Summary of Narrative Responses of Participants.

Theme Sub Theme Responses

Activity before School - related Participant 1 : “Thesis, nanonood ng

Slumber activities video sa YouTube” (Thesis, watching

YouTube videos)
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Participant 2: “Gumagamit ng internet ,

social media, tapos nag-aaral” (Using

internet, social media, and studying)

Participant 5: Studying, playing Mobile

Games (“Studying and but sometimes

playing mobile legends”.)

Participant 9: Doing assignments

(“Gumagawa ng assignments”.)

Participant 10: Doing assignments and

drawing (“Gumagawa ng assignments

tapos nagdo-drawing”.)

Social media - Participant 1: Thesis, watching YouTube

related activities videos (“Gumagawa ng thesis, tapos

nanonood ng YouTube videos”.)

Participant 2: Using internet, social

media, and studying (“Gumagamit ng

internet, social media gano’n tapos nag-

aaral”.)
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Participant 4: Watching Anime, sharing

posts and memes on Facebook (Ano,

watching anime, sharing of posts and

memes sa Facebook”.)

Participant 8: Scrolling up and down on

Facebook (“Scrolling up and down on my

Facebook’s timeline”.)

Participant 11: Using cell phone and

social media (“Gumagamit phone tapos

social media”.)

Participant 12: Using cell phone and

Facebook (“Gumagamit ng phone tapos

nagfa-Facebook”.)

Leisure activities Participant 5: Studying, playing Mobile

Games (“Studying tapos

Participant 6: Using cell phone

Participant 7: Using cell phone

Participant 11:Using cell phone and

social media
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Participant 12: Using cell phone and

social media

Participant 14: Playing Mobile Legends

Participant 15: Using cell phone

Chores Participant 3: Wash dishes, and make

ice for shop.

Participant 10: Doing assignments and

drawing

Participant 13: Doing chores and doing

devotion

In the table 2, the table represents the activities of the sleep deprived students

before they go onto bed. The leading activities are the social-related activities and leisure

activities in a total of eleven participants who responded they can’t sleep because of

mobile phone.
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Table 3: Summary of Narrative Responses of Participants

Theme Sub Theme Responses

Hours of Sleep Less than or equal to 5 Participant 2: 4 hours

hours Participant 3: less than 4 hours

Participant 4: 2 to 3 hours

Participant 5: 4 hours

Participant 8: 3 to 4 hours

Participant 9: 4 hours

Participant 10: 4 to 5 hours

Participant 12: 4 hours

Participant 15: 3 to 4 hours

More than 5 hours but Participant 1: 6 to 8 hours

less than 8 hours Participant 6: 6 hours

Participant 7: 5 to 6 hours

Participant 11: 5 to 6 hours

Participant 13: 6 hours

Participant 14: 6 to 7 hours

As presented in table 3 is the number of hours of sleep that students of Saint

Francis of Assisi College – Bacoor Campus only earn. Majority of the participants only
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accumulated less than or equal to 5 hours of sleep compared to the few other participants

that almost earn enough sleep with more than 5 hours but less than 8 hours of sleep.

Table 4: Summary of Narrative Responses of Participants.

Theme Sub Theme Responses

Possibilities of being Yes Participant 1: “Oo, kasi napapagod

sleep - deprived ako” (Yes. Because I get tired.)

Participant 2: Yes. Because

sometimes I have difficulties in

sleeping.

Participant 3: Yes, as you can see how

black my eye bags are, but I’m not able

to complete my 8 hours of sleep and

I’m always sleepy.

Participant 4: Yes. Because of

watching anime.

Participant 6: Yes. Because when I

wake up, I’m still haven’t got enough

sleep.
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Participant 7: Yes. Because I feel

sleepy always.

Participant 9: Yes. Because I sleep

late.

Participant 10: Yes. Because I’m

unable to sleep on time. I’m really

sleep-deprived since we’re in Senior

High School now.

Participant 11: Yes. Because on my

trainings, I feel that I’m not on my

senses.

Participant 12: Yes. Because of using

Facebook.

Participant 13: Yes. Because when I

wake up, my head hurts, I don’t have

enough sleep

Participant 15: Yes. Because of the

things I’m doing because of the things

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like using cell phones, I lack time to

sleep.

No Participant 5: Actually no. I’m used to

it.

Participant 8: I don’t think so.

Participant 14: I think not. Because I

occasionally stay up late.

As shown from the table, most of the participants has seen the possibility of

them being sleep-deprived because of having not enough sleep and waking up tired,

while the three others doesn’t seem to see the possibility to be sleep-deprived as they

are used to it.

Table 5: Summary of Narrative Responses of Participants

Theme Sub theme Responses

Insights regarding Used to sleep late Participant 6: I think yes. Because our brain

the effects of being is very active in that time.

awake until early Participant 8: Yes. It makes my brain learn

easily.
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morning to one’s Responsible Participant 1: No. Because we need energy

health for the other activities we’re going to do.

Participant 2: No.

Participant 3: Of course not. Because there

are lots of factors we can get when you

aren’t taking care of yourself well or getting

lack of sleep.

Participant 4: No. Being awake until early

morning has no effect on me because it’s

just that I want to be awake that time.

Participant 5: No. Because the time that I

wake up and the time of my sleep collides

with the numerous things I need to do.

Participant 7: No. Because it’s bad for the

health.

Participant 9: No.

Participant 10: Of course no. Because you’ll

be anemic and there are risks when you

sleep on early morning.

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Participant 11: No.

Participant 12: No. Because you’ll be

sleepy.

Participant 13: No. Because if it is really

needed, you’ll sleep late if you’re going to do

something.

Participant 14: No. Because it can give you

stress when you lack of sleep because you

have a lot to do afterwards.

Participant 15: No. Because it’s not healthy,

because our body needs enough sleep for

us to perform our daily activities well.

Represented from table 5, most of the participants thought that it is not healthy to stay

up late until midnight because it can cause stress, sickness, and the lack of energy

needed for everyday tasks. As of the participants who used to sleep late, thought that

sleep-deprivation is healthy because it makes their brain active and learn easily.
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Table 6: Summary of Narrative Responses of Participants

Theme Sub theme Responses

Effects of lack of Yes Participant 1: Yes. Because you won’t be

sleep in academic able to focus on the school works and

performances discussions that the teachers are asking us

to do.

Participant 2: Yes. Because if you’re asleep

in class, you might not focus well on the

discussions.

Participant 3: Yes. Because when you’re

sleep – deprived, your brain don’t function

well. And when your brain don’t function

well, you won’t be able to answer

something on your academics, so you’ll fail.

Participant 4: Yes. Because when in

discussion, I’ll sleep and the information

won’t get into my head.

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Participant 6: For me, yes. Because when

I’m at school, I’m drowsy and I can’t follow

and focus well during discussions.

Participant 7: Yes. You might lose your

focus during class hours because you’re

sleepy.

Participant 8: Yes. Because sometimes in

my Math subject, I usually go to sleep.

Participant 9: Yes. Because when you lack

sleep, you usually don’t have the energy to

use. We use energy everyday so that we’ll

be able to communicate and perform well

inside the classroom, so if we’re sleep -

deprived, we usually get tired so easily and

we cannot perform, answer, and

communicate well with our classmates.

Participant 10: Yes. Because for example,

you don’t get any sleep and you still went to

school. You might blackout and second is

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you fall asleep during class hours and you

won’t be able to focus. And lastly, when

you’re drowsy, your brain won’t function

well, so you won’t learn something.

Participant 11: Yes. Because it’s what

makes your body function accordingly.

Participant 12: Yes. Because you can be

sleepy at school because you are sleep -

deprived. You might sleep at school.

Participant 13: Yes. Because like me for

example. If I am sleep - deprived, I can’t do

anything well in the first subject of class.

Participant 14: Yes. Because sometimes

when you’re at school and you lack of sleep,

you feel sleepy and you can’t focus on what

the teacher is saying/ discussing.

Participant 15: Yes. Because when you’re

sleep - deprived, it can affect your

performance or how you think or participate

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in class. So, it may affect your grades, and

academic performances.

No Participant 5: It depends. For me, when I

am up all night, I’m not actually asleep, but

sometimes I am. That’s why sometimes I’m

getting my academics out of hand.

As presented from table 6, majority of the participants had sleep deprivation

affect their education and academics as it makes them sleepy during classes and

cannot participate well in the group activities, performance tasks, their brain cannot

function properly and the communication towards classmates is also not in the good

state. With all the factors, a participant said no as it depends on him.

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Chapter V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter contains the overview of all the research findings, the generalization

in the form of conclusions and the recommendations of the study.

Summary of Methodology

This study used the qualitative form of research. The researchers used the

purposive sampling that involved the 15 participants of different strands of Senior High

School students of Saint Francis of Assisi College – Bacoor Campus.

The type of research instrument used by the researchers to gather data was semi

– structured interview guide. The data of the study was gathered through an interview

that was answered by the respondents.

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Findings

A total of fifteen participants from different strands of Saint Francis of Assisi

College – Bacoor Campus School Year 2019 – 2020 were interviewed about the factors

and their experiences regarding sleep deprivation.

1. Fourteen out of fifteen of the participants have experienced sleep deprivation.

2. The fourteen of the participants had their academic performances affected because

of them being sleepy during class hours and not to be able to comprehend the

topics discussed.

3. Majority of the participants are sleep-deprived because of engaging themselves in

social-related activities and leisure activities until in the middle of the night.

4. Most of the students who participated knew that it is not healthy to be up until early

morning and was aware of the negative effects.

5. Thirteen out of fifteen participants have observed the possibility of them being

sleep-deprived.

Conclusions

The researchers thereby conclude that:

1. Most of the Senior High School students of SFAC- Bacoor Campus experiences

sleep-deprivation induced by overuse of mobile phones, lots of schoolwork,

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improper time management, and sleeping late even though they are not doing

something productive.

2. Most of the participants tend to sleep late despite being aware of the factors and

consequences.

3. Majority of the students from different strands can’t seem to prioritize the

importance of sleep and their overall health.

4. The participants are active when it comes to social life and enjoying leisure

activities.

5. The students who participated are conscious of their poor performance in school

but doesn’t provide enough efforts to sleep early for better performance.

Recommendations

The researchers hereby recommend that:

1. The participants should sleep early so that they will have enough energy for the

next day’s activities.

2. The participants should learn to manage their time well for them to finish school

works.

3. Lessen or avoid using mobile phones before sleeping.

4. The participants should sleep at least 7 hours per night to sustain their health and

safety.
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5. The participants should exercise for 20 minutes to 30 minutes each day at least 5

hours to 6 hours before going to bed.

Links and References

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APPENDIX A – Letter of Request / Permit to conduct the Study
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APPENDIX B – Validation of Research Instrument (Interview Guide Questions)

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APPENDIX C – Background Information of English Editor

Name:

Educational Background

Work Experience
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APPENDIX D – Final Defense Rating Sheet
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APPENDIX E – Curriculum Vitae of the Researchers

A. PERSONAL DATA

Name: Hannah Gwyneth Alvarado

Birthday: September 5, 2002

Address: Block 1 Lot 11 Dollas St. Ph3, Summer Hills, Brgy. Molino IV,

Bacoor Cavite

Father’s name: Charlie Alvarado

Mother’s name: Ramona Alvarado

B. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

LEVEL SCHOOL YEAR

Intermediate Molino Elementary School 2015

Junior Level City of Bacoor National High School 2019

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Senior Level Saint Francis of Assisi College – Bacoor 2021

A. PERSONAL DATA

Name: Gabriel Brillantes

Birthday: November 8, 2003

Address: Block 35 Lot 13 Ph4, Soldiers Hills, Molino VI, Bacoor Cavite

Father’s name: Benjamin Brillantes

Mother’s name: Edna Brillantes

B. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

LEVEL SCHOOL YEAR

Intermediate Peak Hills Integrated School 2015

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Junior Level Bacoor National High School – Main 2019

Senior Level Saint Francis of Assisi College – Bacoor 2021

A. PERSONAL DATA

Name: Marvin De la Paz

Birthday: June 23, 2003

Address: Eustacio Compound, Console Village 9, Bayanan, Bacoor, Cavite

Father’s name: Mateo Medina

Mother’s name: Marvy De la Paz

B. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

LEVEL SCHOOL YEAR

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Intermediate Bayanan Elementary School 2015

Junior Level Bacoor National High School – Main 2019

Senior Level Saint Francis of Assisi College 2021

A. PERSONAL DATA

Name: Nixon Laudit Jr.

Birthday: June 15, 2003

Address: Golden City Subdivision, Brgy. Salawag, Dasmarinas Cavite

Father’s name: Nixon Laudit Sr.

Mother’s name: Cecilia Laudit

B. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
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LEVEL SCHOOL YEAR

Intermediate Salawag Elementary School 2015

Junior Level Bacoor National High School 2019

Senior Level Saint Francis of Assisi College 2021

A. PERSONAL DATA

Name: Aileen Grace Tiangco

Birthday: January 7, 2003

Address: Casa Jessica Condominium, Molino 3, Bacoor Cavite

Father’s name: Eduardo Tiangco

Mother’s name: Aurea Garing

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B. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

LEVEL SCHOOL YEAR

Intermediate Bayanan Elementary School 2015

Junior Level Bacoor National High School – Main 2019

Senior Level Saint Francis of Assisi College – Bacoor 2021