DESIGN OF SLABS

DESIGN OF GROUND FLOOR SLABS

Design of Slab 4x6m Case 4 Ground Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 6000-300 = 5700mm
𝑃
𝑡 = 180

2(3700 + 5700)
𝑡=
180

t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= = 0.65
5700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.085
Cb neg = 0.015
Ca dl = 0.050
Cb dl = 0.009
Ca ll = 0.062
Cb ll = 0.011

Design Moments
a. along shorter direction
Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.085(13.98)(3.7)2
= 16.27 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.050)(4.38)(3.7)2 + (0.062)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 11.15 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.015(13.98)(5.7)2
= 6.81 kN-m/m

Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2

 = (0.009)(4.38)(5.7)2 + (0.011)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 4.71 kN-m/m

Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu=16.27 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
16.27 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.60
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.6)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.002219
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

 At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (4.71)
Mu = 1.57 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
1.57 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.06
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.06)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00022
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 11.15 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.15 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.41
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.41)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00151
 0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min =
𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 6.81 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
6.81 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.29
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.29)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00106
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (11.15)
Mu = 3.72 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
3.72 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.16
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.16)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00058
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm
Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS
b.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.71 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.15 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.20
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00073
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x6m Case 8 Ground Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 6000-300 = 5700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 5700)
𝑡=
180

t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= = 0.65
5700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.074
Cb neg = 0.024
Ca dl = 0.044
Cb dl = 0.009
Ca ll = 0.059
Cb ll = 0.011

Design Moments
a. along shorter direction
Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.074(13.98)(3.7)2
= 14.16 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.044)(4.38)(3.7)2 + (0.059)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 10.39 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.024(13.98)(5.7)2
= 10.90 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.009)(4.38)(5.7)2 + (0.011)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 4.71 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu=14.16 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
14.16 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.52
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.52)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00191
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (4.71)
Mu = 1.57 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
 1.57 𝑥106
=
(0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.06
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.06)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00022
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 10.39 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
10.39 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.38
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.38)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00140
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
𝑓𝑦
= 275
=0.00509 (Governs!)
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
 21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 10.90 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
10.90 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.46
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.46)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00169
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
𝑓𝑦
= 275
=0.00509 (Governs!)

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
 𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.71 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.15 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.20
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00073
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)( )( )
275 600+275
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x4m Case 8 Ground Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 4000-300 = 3700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 3700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= =1
3700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.033
Cb neg = 0.061
Ca dl = 0.020
Cb dl = 0.023
Ca ll = 0.028
Cb ll = 0.030

Design Moments

a. along shorter direction

Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.033(13.98)(3.7)2
=6.32 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.020)(4.38)(3.7)2 + (0.028)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 4.89 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.061(13.98)(5.7)2
= 27.71 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.023)(4.38)(5.7)2 + (0.030)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 12.63 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction

a.1) At the support Continous

Mu= 6.32 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
6.32 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.23
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐′
0.85 (21) 2(0.23)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00084
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)( )( )
275 600+275
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (12.63)
Mu = 4.21 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.21 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.15
 0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐′
0.85 (21) 2(0.15)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00055
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)( )( )
275 600+275
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.89 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.89 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.18
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.18)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
275 0.85(21)
𝜌 =0.00066
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
 𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 27.71 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
27.71 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 1.17

0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢

𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐′
0.85 (21) 2(1.17)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00440
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 12.63 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
12.63 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.53
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.53)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00200
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x4m Case 2 Ground Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 4000-300 = 3700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 3700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= =1
3700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.045
Cb neg = 0.045
Ca dl = 0.018
Cb dl = 0.018
Ca ll = 0.027
Cb ll = 0.027

Design Moments

a. along shorter direction

Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.045(13.98)(3.7)2
=8.61 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.018)(4.38)(3.7)2 + (0.027)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 4.63 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.045(13.98)(5.7)2
= 20.44 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.018)(4.38)(5.7)2 + (0.027)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 10.98 kN-m/m

Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
 Mu= 8.61 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
8.61 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.32
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.32)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00117
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.63 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.63 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.17
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.17)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00062
 0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min =
𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 20.44 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
20.44 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.87
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.87)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00324
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 10.98 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
10.98 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.46
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.46)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00169
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

 DESIGN OF SECOND FLOOR SLABS

Design of Slab 4x6m Case 4 Second Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 6000-300 = 5700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 5700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= = 0.65
5700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.085
Cb neg = 0.015
Ca dl = 0.050
Cb dl = 0.009
Ca ll = 0.062
Cb ll = 0.011

Design Moments
a. along shorter direction
Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.085(14.34)(3.7)2
= 16.69kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.050)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.062)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 11.39 kN-m/m
b. along longer direction
Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.015(14.34)(5.7)2
= 7 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.009)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.011)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 4.81 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu=16.69 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
16.69 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.61
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.61)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00226
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (4.81)
Mu = 1.60 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
1.60 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
 = 0.06
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.06)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00022
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 11.39 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.39 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.42
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.42)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00154
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 7 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
7 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.30
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.30)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00110
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
 𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (11.15)
Mu = 3.72 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
3.72 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.16
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.16)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00058
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.81 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.81 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
 =0.20
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00073
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x6m Case 8 Second Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 6000-300 = 5700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 5700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= = 0.65
5700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.074
Cb neg = 0.024
Ca dl = 0.044
Cb dl = 0.009
Ca ll = 0.059
Cb ll = 0.011

Design Moments

a. along shorter direction

Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.074(14.34)(3.7)2
= 14.53 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.044)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.059)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 10.61 kN-m/m
b. along longer direction
Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.024(14.34)(5.7)2
= 11.18 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.009)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.011)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 4.82 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu=14.53 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
14.53 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.53
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.53)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00196
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (4.82)
Mu = 1.61 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
1.61 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
 = 0.06
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.06)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00022
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 10.61 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
10.61 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.39
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.39
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00143
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b.At Longer Direction

b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 11.18 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.18 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.47
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐′
0.85 (21) 2(0.47)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00173
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.82 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.82 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.20
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00073
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x4m Case 8 Second Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 4000-300 = 3700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 3700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= =1
3700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.033
Cb neg = 0.061
Ca dl = 0.020
Cb dl = 0.023
Ca ll = 0.028
Cb ll = 0.030

Design Moments

a. along shorter direction

Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.033(14.34)(3.7)2
=6.48 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.020)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.028)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 4.98 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.061(14.34)(5.7)2
= 28.42 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.023)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.030)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 12.90 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu= 6.48KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
6.48 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.24
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.24)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00088
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a. At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (12.90)
Mu = 4.3 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.3 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
 =0.16
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.16)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00058
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.98 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.98 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.18
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.18)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00066
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 28.42 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
28.42 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 1.20

0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢

𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(1.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00452
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
 𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 12.90 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
12.90 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.55
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.55)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00203
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x4m Case 2 Second Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 4000-300 = 3700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180

2(3700 + 3700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= =1
3700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.045
Cb neg = 0.045
Ca dl = 0.018
Cb dl = 0.018
Ca ll = 0.027
Cb ll = 0.027

Design Moments
a. along shorter direction
Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.045(14.34)(3.7)2
=8.83 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.018)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.027)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 4.72 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.045(14.34)(5.7)2
= 20.97 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.018)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.027)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 11.19 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu= 8.83 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
8.83 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.32
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.32)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00117
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.72 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.72 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.17
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
 0.85 (21) 2(0.17)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
275 0.85(21)
𝜌 =0.00062
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 20.97 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
20.44 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.89
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.89)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00332
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 11.19 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.19 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.47
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.47)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00173
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

 DESIGN OF THIRD FLOOR SLABS

Design of Slab 4x6m Case 4 Third Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 6000-300 = 5700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 5700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= = 0.65
5700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.085
Cb neg = 0.015
Ca dl = 0.050
Cb dl = 0.009
Ca ll = 0.062
Cb ll = 0.011

Design Moments
a. along shorter direction
Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.085(14.34)(3.7)2
= 16.69kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.050)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.062)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 11.39 kN-m/m
b. along longer direction
Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.015(14.34)(5.7)2
= 7 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.009)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.011)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 4.81 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

c. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu=16.69 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
16.69 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.61
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.61)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00226
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (4.81)
Mu = 1.60 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
1.60 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
 = 0.06
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.06)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00022
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 11.39 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.39 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.42
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.42)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00154
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

d. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 7 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
7 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.30
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.30)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00110
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
 𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (11.15)
Mu = 3.72 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
3.72 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.16
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.16)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00058
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.81 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.81 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
 =0.20
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00073
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x6m Case 8 Third Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 6000-300 = 5700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 5700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= = 0.65
5700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.074
Cb neg = 0.024
Ca dl = 0.044
Cb dl = 0.009
Ca ll = 0.059
Cb ll = 0.011

Design Moments

a. along shorter direction

Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.074(14.34)(3.7)2
= 14.53 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.044)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.059)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 10.61 kN-m/m
b. along longer direction
Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.024(14.34)(5.7)2
= 11.18 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.009)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.011)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 4.82 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

b. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu=14.53 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
14.53 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.53
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.53)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00196
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (4.82)
Mu = 1.61 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
1.61 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
 = 0.06
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.06)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00022
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 10.61 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
10.61 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.39
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.39
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00143
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b.At Longer Direction

b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 11.18 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.18 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.47
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐′
0.85 (21) 2(0.47)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00173
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.82 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.82 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.20
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00073
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x4m Case 8 Third Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 4000-300 = 3700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 3700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= =1
3700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.033
Cb neg = 0.061
Ca dl = 0.020
Cb dl = 0.023
Ca ll = 0.028
Cb ll = 0.030

Design Moments

a. along shorter direction

Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.033(14.34)(3.7)2
=6.48 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.020)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.028)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 4.98 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.061(14.34)(5.7)2
= 28.42 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.023)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.030)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 12.90 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

b. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu= 6.48KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
6.48 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.24
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.24)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00088
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

c. At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (12.90)
Mu = 4.3 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.3 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
 =0.16
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.16)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00058
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.98 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.98 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.18
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.18)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00066
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

d. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 28.42 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
28.42 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 1.20

0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢

𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(1.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00452
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
 𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 12.90 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
12.90 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.55
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.55)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00203
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x4m Case 2 Third Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 4000-300 = 3700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180

2(3700 + 3700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= =1
3700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.045
Cb neg = 0.045
Ca dl = 0.018
Cb dl = 0.018
Ca ll = 0.027
Cb ll = 0.027

Design Moments
a. along shorter direction
Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.045(14.34)(3.7)2
=8.83 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.018)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.027)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 4.72 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.045(14.34)(5.7)2
= 20.97 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.018)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.027)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 11.19 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

c. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu= 8.83 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
8.83 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.32
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.32)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00117
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.72 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.72 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.17
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
 0.85 (21) 2(0.17)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
275 0.85(21)
𝜌 =0.00062
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

d. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 20.97 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
20.44 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.89
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.89)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00332
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 11.19 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.19 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.47
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.47)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00173
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

 DESIGN OF FOURTH FLOOR SLABS

Design of Slab 4x6m Case 4 Fourth Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 6000-300 = 5700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 5700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= = 0.65
5700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.085
Cb neg = 0.015
Ca dl = 0.050
Cb dl = 0.009
Ca ll = 0.062
Cb ll = 0.011

Design Moments
a. along shorter direction
Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.085(14.34)(3.7)2
= 16.69kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.050)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.062)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 11.39 kN-m/m
b. along longer direction
Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.015(14.34)(5.7)2
= 7 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.009)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.011)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 4.81 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

e. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu=16.69 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
16.69 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.61
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.61)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00226
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (4.81)
Mu = 1.60 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
1.60 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
 = 0.06
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.06)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00022
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 11.39 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.39 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.42
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.42)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00154
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

f. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 7 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
7 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.30
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.30)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00110
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
 𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (11.15)
Mu = 3.72 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
3.72 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.16
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.16)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00058
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.81 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.81 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
 =0.20
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00073
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x6m Case 8 Fourth Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 6000-300 = 5700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 5700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= = 0.65
5700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.074
Cb neg = 0.024
Ca dl = 0.044
Cb dl = 0.009
Ca ll = 0.059
Cb ll = 0.011

Design Moments

a. along shorter direction

Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.074(14.34)(3.7)2
= 14.53 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.044)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.059)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 10.61 kN-m/m
b. along longer direction
Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.024(14.34)(5.7)2
= 11.18 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.009)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.011)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 4.82 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

c. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu=14.53 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
14.53 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.53
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.53)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00196
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (4.82)
Mu = 1.61 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
1.61 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
 = 0.06
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.06)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00022
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 10.61 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
10.61 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.39
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.39
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00143
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b.At Longer Direction

b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 11.18 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.18 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.47
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐′
0.85 (21) 2(0.47)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00173
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.82 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.82 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.20
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00073
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x4m Case 8 Fourth Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 4000-300 = 3700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 3700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= =1
3700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.033
Cb neg = 0.061
Ca dl = 0.020
Cb dl = 0.023
Ca ll = 0.028
Cb ll = 0.030

Design Moments

a. along shorter direction

Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.033(14.34)(3.7)2
=6.48 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.020)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.028)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 4.98 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.061(14.34)(5.7)2
= 28.42 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.023)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.030)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 12.90 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

c. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu= 6.48KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
6.48 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.24
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.24)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00088
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

e. At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (12.90)
Mu = 4.3 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.3 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
 =0.16
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.16)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00058
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.98 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.98 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.18
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.18)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00066
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

f. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 28.42 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
28.42 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 1.20

0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢

𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(1.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00452
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
 𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 12.90 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
12.90 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.55
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.55)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00203
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x4m Case 2 Fourth Floor

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 4000-300 = 3700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180

2(3700 + 3700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 200mm

Wi = 0.77 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.2m) = 4.8kPa
WDL = 5.57 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(5.57) = 6.68 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 16.28 kPa
3700
m= =1
3700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.045
Cb neg = 0.045
Ca dl = 0.018
Cb dl = 0.018
Ca ll = 0.027
Cb ll = 0.027

Design Moments
a. along shorter direction
Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.045(14.34)(3.7)2
=8.83 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.018)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.027)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 4.72 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.045(14.34)(5.7)2
= 20.97 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.018)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.027)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 11.19 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

e. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu= 8.83 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
8.83 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.32
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.32)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00117
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.72 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.72 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.17
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
 0.85 (21) 2(0.17)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
275 0.85(21)
𝜌 =0.00062
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

f. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 20.97 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
20.44 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.89
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.89)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00332
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 11.19 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.19 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.47
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.47)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00173
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

 DESIGN OF ROOF DECK SLAB

Design of Slab 4x6m Case 4 Roof Deck

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 6000-300 = 5700mm
𝑃
𝑡 = 180
2(3700 + 5700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 150mm

Wi = 1.07 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.15m) = 3.6kPa
WDL = 4.67 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(4.67) = 5.60 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 15.20 kPa
3700
m= = 0.65
5700

Moment Coefficient
Ca neg = 0.085
Cb neg = 0.015
Ca dl = 0.050
Cb dl = 0.009
Ca ll = 0.062
Cb ll = 0.011

Design Moments

a. along shorter direction

Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.085(14.34)(3.7)2
= 16.69kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.050)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.062)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 11.39 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.015(14.34)(5.7)2
= 7 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.009)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.011)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 4.81 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu=16.69 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
16.69 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.61
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.61)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00226
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (4.81)
Mu = 1.60 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
1.60 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
 = 0.06
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.06)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00022
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 11.39 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.39 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.42
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.42)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00154
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 7 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
7 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.30
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.30)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00110
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β ( )
𝑓𝑦 600+𝑓𝑦
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
 𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (11.15)
Mu = 3.72 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
3.72 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.16
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.16)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00058
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.81 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.81 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
 =0.20
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00073
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x6m Case 8 Roof Deck

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 6000-300 = 5700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 5700)
𝑡=
180

t = 104.44mm Say 150mm

Wi = 1.07 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.15m) = 3.6kPa
WDL = 4.67 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(4.67) = 5.60 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 15.20 kPa
3700
m= = 0.65
5700

Moment Coefficient

Ca neg = 0.074
Cb neg = 0.024
Ca dl = 0.044
Cb dl = 0.009
Ca ll = 0.059
Cb ll = 0.011

Design Moments

a. along shorter direction

Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.074(14.34)(3.7)2
= 14.53 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.044)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.059)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 10.61 kN-m/m
b. along longer direction
Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.024(14.34)(5.7)2
= 11.18 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.009)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.011)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 4.82 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu=14.53 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
14.53 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.53
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.53)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00196
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (4.82)
Mu = 1.61 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
1.61 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
 = 0.06
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.06)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00022
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 10.61 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
10.61 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.39
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.39
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00143
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 11.18 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.18 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.47
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐′
0.85 (21) 2(0.47)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00173
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.82 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.82 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.20
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00073
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x4m Case 8 Roof Deck

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 4000-300 = 3700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 3700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 150mm

Wi = 1.07 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.15m) = 3.6kPa
WDL = 4.67 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(4.67) = 5.60 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 15.20 kPa
3700
m= =1
3700

Moment Coefficient

Ca neg = 0.033
Cb neg = 0.061
Ca dl = 0.020
Cb dl = 0.023
Ca ll = 0.028
Cb ll = 0.030

Design Moments

a. along shorter direction

Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.033(14.34)(3.7)2
=6.48 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.020)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.028)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 4.98 kN-m/m

b. along longer direction

Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.061(14.34)(5.7)2
= 28.42 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.023)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.030)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 12.90 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu= 6.48KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
6.48 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.24
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐′
0.85 (21) 2(0.24)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00088
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)( )( )
275 600+275
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

b. At Support discontinuous
1
Mu = 3 Mu+
1
Mu = 3 (12.90)
Mu = 4.3 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.3 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.16
 0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐′
0.85 (21) 2(0.16)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00058
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)( )( )
275 600+275
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.98 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.98 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.18
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.18)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00066
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b. At Longer Direction
b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 28.42 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
28.42 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 1.20

0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢

𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(1.20)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00452
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S= 4
(1000)
825
S =137.09 mm say 130 mm
Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 12.90 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
12.90 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.55
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.55)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00203
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275

𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

Design of Slab 4x4m Case 2 Roof Deck

La = 4000-300 = 3700mm
Lb = 4000-300 = 3700mm
𝑃
𝑡= 180
2(3700 + 3700)
𝑡=
180
t = 104.44mm Say 150mm

Wi = 1.07 kPa
Ws = 24kN/m3 (0.15m) = 3.6kPa
WDL = 4.67 kPa
WLL = 6 kPa
WuDL = 1.2(4.67) = 5.60 kPa
WuLL = 1.6(6) = 9.60 kPa
Wu = 15.20 kPa
3700
m= =1
3700

Moment Coefficient

Ca neg = 0.045
Cb neg = 0.045
Ca dl = 0.018
Cb dl = 0.018
Ca ll = 0.027
Cb ll = 0.027

Design Moments
a. along shorter direction
Ma neg = Ca neg (Wu)(La)2
= 0.045(14.34)(3.7)2
=8.83 kN-m/m
Ma pos = Ca dl (WuDL)(La)2 + Ca ll (WuLL)(La)2
= (0.018)(4.74)(3.7)2 + (0.027)(9.60)( 3.7)2
= 4.72 kN-m/m
b. along longer direction
Mb neg = Cb neg (Wu)(Lb)2
= 0.045(14.34)(5.7)2
= 20.97 kN-m/m
Mb pos = Cb dl (WuDL)(Lb)2 + Cb ll (WuLL)(Lb)2
= (0.018)(4.74)(5.7)2 + (0.027)(9.60)( 5.7)2
= 11.19 kN-m/m
Design the reinforcement

a. Shorter direction
a.1) At the support Continous
Mu= 8.83 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20- 2
=174 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
8.83 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
= 0.32
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
𝑓𝑦 0.85𝑓𝑐′
0.85 (21) 2(0.32)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00117
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)( )( )
275 600+275
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C TOP BARS

a.2) At midspan
Mu = 4.72 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
4.72 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(174)2
=0.17
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
 0.85 (21) 2(0.17)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − ]
275 0.85(21)
𝜌 =0.00062
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =886 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 886 (1000)
4

S =127.65 mm say 120 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS

b.At Longer Direction

b.1) At the Support Continous
Mu= 20.97 KN-m/m
12
Ds = 200-20-12− 2
=162 mm
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
20.44 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
= 0.89
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.89)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 = 0.00332
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(162)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 130 mm O.C TOP BARS

b.2) At midspan
Mu = 11.19 KN-m/m
𝑀𝑢
Ru = ∅𝑏d2
11.19 𝑥106
= (0.9)(1000)(162)2
=0.47
0.85 𝑓𝑐′ 2𝑅𝑢
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85𝑓𝑐′]
𝑓𝑦
0.85 (21) 2(0.47)
𝜌= [1 − √1 − 0.85(21)]
275
𝜌 =0.00173
0.25√𝑓𝑐′
𝜌min = 𝑓𝑦
0.25√21
𝜌min = =0.00417
275
1.4 1.4
= =0.00509 (Governs!)
𝑓𝑦 275
𝜌max = 0.75 𝜌b
𝑓𝑐′ 600
𝜌b = 0.85β 𝑓𝑦 (600+𝑓𝑦)
21 600
𝜌b = 0.85(0.85)(275)(600+275)
𝜌b = 0.03783
𝜌max = 0.75 (0.03783)
𝜌max = 0.02837
Use 𝜌 = 0.00509
AS = 𝜌𝑏𝑑
AS = 0.00509(1000)(174)
AS =825 mm2
𝐴
S = 𝐴𝑏 (1000)
𝑠
𝜋
(12)2
S = 825 (1000)
4

S =137.09 mm say 130 mm

Smax =3t or 450 mm

Use D12 at 120 mm O.C BOTTOM BARS