DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS

I. Objectives
At the end of 60- minutes period, 75% of the class should be able
to:
a. Explain the theorem; opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent:
b. Relate the importance of congruent in real life; and
c. Solve problem involving the theorem: opposite sides of a parallelogram
are congruent.

II. References and Materials

a. Topic: Theorem; opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent.
b. Book Reference: E-math (worksheets in mathematics 9)
c. Authors: Orlando A. Oronce and Marilyn O. Mendoza
d. Page: 242-243
e. Materials: Laptop, Printed Materials and Marker Pen.

III. Learning Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Preliminary

Good morning Class! Good morning MR. Cultura and

Mabuhay

Before we start our lesson this morning, (Students Stand for a prayer)
lets pray first. James lead the prayer.
(Students Praying)

Please be seated. (students sitting down)

Who are absent today class?

For the boys. None so far sir.

How about the girls.

Very good class.

B. Lesson Proper

a. Drill

I have here some pictures for you to

identify and all you have to do is to
identify of what types of
quadrilaterals that I showed to you
class.
 Showing Picture (Students Perform)

Sir, Rectangle

.
Very good class.

Sir, Square

Very good class.

Sir rhombus.

Very good class.

Sir Parallelogram.

Very good class.

You named all the figures right class. Let

as give ourselves five counts of clap. The students are clapping.

b. Review
So, Class what was your pass
lesson all about?
Sir our past lesson is all about
Anyone can recall? Yes Harold. the theorem: each diagonal of a
parallelogram divides the
Very good Harold. parallelogram into two
congruent triangles.

Then, what did you learned about that

theorem? Anyone? Yes Dexter. Dexter Sir, if ABCD is
parallelogram with diagonal AC
Very good Dexter. then ABC CDA

Very good Dexter. Then if its diagonal is BD then

 ABD CDB
A B

C. Motivation
D C
Class I have here rumble letters and
all you have to do is to arranges the
letters to form the correct new
word.
Do you get what I mean class? Yes sir.

okay lets start. The students answering

simultaneously.
Arrange the following words:
1. GRAMPALLELARO  PARALLELOGRAM
2. RUNETCONG  CONGRUENT
3. LEUAQ  EQUAL
4. WOT-ISSED  TWO-SIDES
5. POTIPOSE  OPPOSITE

Very good class, your answer are

correct.

So class, do you have any idea

of what will be our topic this
morning?

Yes Ralph? Ralph: Sir, I guess our topic this

morning is all about the sides of
a parallelogram.

D. Discussion:
Our topic for today is about
Theorem. Opposite side of a
parallelogram are congruent.

Again, what is a parallelogram?

Anyone? Yes Tanya? Tanya: Sir, a parallelogram is a
quadrilaterals with parallel
opposite sides. In a
parallelogram, all the opposite
sides are equal and the angles
made by each opposite side is
also equal.

PQRS is a quadrilateral
and since PQ is congruent to RS
and PS is congruent to QR, we
call it parallelogram.
 P Q
Very good Tanya.
A B

S R
D C

In this figure, if parallelogram ABCD

is a parallelogram then AB is congruent to
DC and AD congruent to BC.

I will give a another example.

D C

A B

If side AD=20 then BC=20

Conor, why AD = 20? Then BC = 20? Conor: Sir, because according

to the theorem that we discuss
earlier, opposite side of a
parallelogram are congruent,
that is why BC = 20

Excellent Conor!

How about this? If AB = 13 then

DC = ___?

Anyone?

Yes Gani? Gani: Sir, DC = 13

Amazing!
Any clarification? No sir.
a 6x-10 b

4x-5

d 3x+5 c
Given the parallelogram sides are
marked as ABCD, find AD.
Class, AB congruent CD, then
6 x -10 = 3 x + 5
6x-3x=10+5
3x=15
X=5

Then substitute x=5

AD=4x-5
=4(5)-5
=20-5
=15
To prove that our figure is parallelogram,
substitute x=5 to CD & AB
CD=3X+5
=3(5) +5
=20
AB= 6X-10
=6(5) -10
=20

Therefore our figure is parallelogram.,

Did you understand class? Yes sir

Then lets proceed.

Steve Can you solve this?

D 5X-20 C

5X-4

Steve: sir, 5x-20= 10-10x

A 10-10X 5x+10x=20+10
15x=30
Given: Parallelogram ABCD side are X=2
marked Find AD___? Then substitute x=2
AD =4X-5
 =4(2)-5
=8-5
=3
Prove that our figure is
parallelogram. CD= 5X-20
=5(2) -20
=-10
AB=10-10X
=10-10(2)
=-10

Very good steve.

Generalization:
Now class what did you learned about our
topic today? Yes Elbert

Elbert: sir I learned that if

Very good Elbert ABCD is a parallelogram, then
AB congruent DC & AD
congruent BC.

The theorem state that opposite sides of a

parallelogram are congruent.

Anyone can give the example in that Lyka: Sir, if AD= 20 then BC=
theorem? 20
Yes Lyka.
A 30 B

20

C D

Very good Lyka.

IF AB=30 then DC also equal
C. Application 30.
I will group you into two groups. Each
group have given different problem to
solve. Also each group have choose two
representative to solve the problem. Then I
will give you two minutes to discuss that in
your classmates after you are going to
solve the problem.
Group 1. Given: Parallelogram ABCD sides
as marked. Find AD

1.
D 4X+5 C Answering the board
Group 1.
DC=AB
5X-4 4x+5=5x-10
4x-5x=-10+ (-5)
A 5X-10 B -(-x=-15)
X=15
Group 2. Given: Parallelogram ABCD sides If x =15
as marked, Find BC.
Then,
=5x-4
D 2X-3 C
=5(15)-4
=71
2X-3

Gorup 2.
DC Congruent AB
A 3X-10 B
2x-3= 3x-10
2x-3x=-10+3
-(-X=-7)
X=7

Very good group 1 and group 2.

Lets give our self five claps.

C5. Valuing
As what we discuss earlier, how will you
relate congruent in real life Situation?
Yes Grace. Grace: Sir, similar figures are
proportional, so when two
polygons are similar, the ratio of
there corresponding sides are
Very good Grace. all equal. Similar figures can be
used to solve certain problems
in architecture. Engineering
Congruent are important part of our building and any other areas.
everyday world, especially for reinforcing
many structures. This means that matching
sides must be the same length and
matching angles must be the same size.
C6. Evaluation:
Direction: Complete each statement using
parallelogram DCBA.

D C

A B

1. If AD=50, then BC=_____? 1. 50

2. If AB=10, then DC=_____? 2. 10
3. If AB=100, then DC=____? 3. 100
4. If AD=10 km, then BC=____? 4. 10,000
5. Give the title of our topic today? 5. Theorem: Opposite side
of a parallelogram are
congruent.

IV. Agreement: read in advance about

the theorem on page 243-244.

That’s all for today class. Thank Goodbye Mr. Cultura and
you and goodbye. mabuhay.