EIVILllls Training

Reference
Electronic Manual

Throttle
Gontrol
(Siemens)

BMWof NorthAmerica,Inc.
Service Training Department
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TABLEOF CONTENTS

*tFct Fage

ffiorlrti:n z

Corrporpnts , .. . .. 4
rTffi\A€ffi Motors

.T h ro ttb P o si ti o n se nsor .r .., g

.b cte rn a l S a fe $ P a th .,,..., 11
.B a si cA d a p ti o n othf e PW G. .,,...12

r EML ltlSControlModule . . . . 1g

CruiseControloperation ...15

Cylinder,BankSynelironization.. ..16

F a u l tR e co g n i ti o n /D i a gnosis ,.,...17
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INTRODUCTIOH

The EIIIL llls is a ne\ dy developedelectronicthrottle control system for the M73 V-12
engie. The EhdLllls was designedand developedby Siemensto BMW specifications.

The corrc+t of the EML llls systemremainsthe sameas the currentEMLsystemusedon

fle bfz0 eftgine.Thenew EML llls systemcontinuesto use two throttlevalvesand one
pedal pmition sensor (HruG).The EML llls control module regulatesthe positionof the
throttb valvesbasedon the input fromthe pedal positionsen$or.Thesemaincomponents
providethe samefunctionas the M70 BoschEML componentsdo,

In addition to throttle control, tfie main funstions of tlre EML llls include:

r ldle stabilization
by regulatingthe throttleopeningsat idle.

r Throttlevalvepositioningfor optimumstarting.

. Synchronization
of the cylinderbanks.

r Air volurnecontrolfor A$C/D$C operation.

r Cruise control regulation{the EML llls control module contains the new GR ll logic
introducedon the E38 740).

r Maximumroad speed limiting

The operationof the EML llls has been enhancedwith additionalbaekup {redundancy}
features.This helpsensurereliableoperationwhile rnaintaininga high levelof operational
safety,

The fault rnemoryof the EML llls controlmodule is nsw stored in an EFPROMso that
disconnectionof the batterywill not eraseany stor.edfaults.

The EMLllls systemis incorporatedintothe drivingmanagementsystemand is connected

to the CANlinefor signalinterfacingwith the DME,ASC+Tand AGS controlmodules.

Highlightsof tha new EML lll system include:

r Jlg EMLllls controlmodulecontainstwo separateprocessorsfor redundantcheckingof

inputsand output controls.

r Each throttle valve is now controlled by two separatestepper rrptors driving one rotor
and shaft(redundancyoperation).
2 :
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' Each DK assembly contains two feedback potentiometersfor throtile position

recognition.

r ThepedalpositionsensoriPWG)nowcontainsthreeinductivecoilsfor the pedalposition

input(redundancyoperation).
o Thehallsensorbrakepedalswitchis usedfor the brakepedalinput,

. Logicmonitoring
of pedal/throttle
valveoper.ation includesthe useof the g" and
no,longer
17'switches.

. Theexternalsafetypathcircuitis a new design.

o E38 EML fault indicationis now handledby the Checkcontrolmodule,throughthe

instrument
clustermatrixdisplay,
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COMPONENTS
The rnaincomponentsof the EML llls systeminclude:

o The EML llls control modu'e

locatedin the E-box.

. JWothrotle (Dlg assemblies

mounted on each
manifold.

&

. One pedal position sensor (pWG) -

connectedto the acceleratorpedal BRAKE
(witha separatekick-downswitch). LIGI'IT
SWITCH
o Electronicbrakelightswitch,

KlCKDOWN
SWI'TCH
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' crui$e control main switch - mountedon the instrumentpanel.

Providesa switchedgroundinputto the EMLcontrolmodule.
(E38only)

r Mutti-Function
SteeringWheel- cruisecontrolswltchpad and the MFLcontrolmodule.
{E38only)

CRUISECONTFOI-
MAINSWffC}.{

CFTUISE EilIILIIIs
CONTROL
S\IIITCHES

MFLCONTROL
MODULE

r Checkcontro'module - for activationof the

fauftwarningdisplay. GF{ECK
EONTROL
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THROTTLEVALVE{DK} MOTORS
$*
Thethrottlevalveassemblyconsistsof the DK housingwith the throttlevalveplate,return
spring,drivemotorandfeedbackpotentiometers, In contrastto the M70 - EMLsystem,the
EMLllls throttlevalveplateis drivendirectlybythe motor shaft.The geardriveis eliminated
whichaltowsfor a more precisecontrolof the throttleplate positioning,

A dualsteppermotorconfigurationis usedto drivethe throttleplate.Both steppermotors

arecontrolledthroughseparatefinalstagesin the EMLcontrolmoduleand operaieon the
onearmature.The finalstagesfor one steppermotorwindingsare controlledby one micro
processorwhile the second motor windingsare controlledby the secondprocessor.The
controlof the steppermotorstakes placesimultaneously by each processor.
ROTOR DUALPOTENNOMff'ER
A$SEIdBLY
MOTORSHAFT

RE-TURN
SPRING

THROTTLEPLATE

Thedualfeedbackpotentiometers signalthe movementand positionof the throttleplateto

each pt'ocessor.The two potentiometershave separatepower and ground circuitsto
ensurethe reliability
of theiroperation.

This dual redundancysystem allows the EML llls to cCIntinueoperation,without driver

inconvenience, if one steppermotor or controlcircuitmaffunctions.lf the self diagnosisof
the EML llls detects a Taultwith one of the steppermotor controls,it will switch off the
affectedcircuit and continueoperationfrom one motor control circuit. The fault will be
loggedand the EMLfaultwarningwill be displayedin the clustermatrix.

lf a fault occurs that cannot allowcontinuedoperationof the throttlevalve,the controtfor

that bank of cylinderswill be switchedoff as with the previousEMLsystem.

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$tepper Motor Gontrol

A digitatsquarewave signalis used to drivethe steppermotor of the DK assembly.The

duty cycleof the frequencyand triggerof the signalar€ changedto producethe magnetic
field requiredto movethe steppermotor rotor.

Eachset of steppermotorwindingsarecontr-olled by four finalstages.Eachfinalstagehas

the abilityto switch betweenpower and ground to reversethe di'i.ectionof cunent flow
throughthe windings(trigger).This switching allowsthe magneticfield of the coitsto be
reversedallowingthe rotorto be drivenin eitherdirectionto positionthe throttleplateat the
precisesettingcalledfor by the FWGinput request'

Theiinalstagecontrolvariesthe duty cycleto controlthespeedof movementand position

of the throttleplate,

for stepper,
Self Diagnoeis;ThescoBeof EML's selfdiagnosis includes:
moJoroperation

r Checking Both throttlevalvesare checkeddynamicallyprior to enginestading{part

of pre-startcheckwith KL 15 on).
Alleightfinalstagecontrolsper steppermotorwhen KL 15 is switchedon.
r Monitoring The supplyvoltagesfor all potentiorxeters.
Throttlevalveset positionwith the feedbackpotentiometersposition.
Comparingthe two poientiometersignals.
Comparingthe set pointsealculatedby each individuatprocessor.
The throttlevalveoperationfor OBDll checkingrequirements.
CONDITIONSOF STEPPERMOTORCONTROL

$tarting: The EML llls control modulewill positionthe throttlevalvesto the optimum
opening for enginestart when it receivesthe KL b0 input overthe cAN line.

ldle: The FML llls programmingwill maintaina stableidteby adjustingthe openingof the
throttlevalveswhenthe vehicleis at a standstill.
The EMLreceivesthe engineRpM signal
fromthe DMEcontrolmoduleoverthe CAN line.

The idlewill be stabilizedtor NC compr€ssoractivationto compensatefor the load of the

compressor.

The EMLreceivesTD and AC on signalsoverthe can line.

Decel Fuel Cutoff: Decelfuelcutoffis activatedbasedon the inputfromthe pedalposition

sensorand the engineRPMsignals.A highsignalis suppliedfrornthe EMLcontrolmodule
to the DMEcontrolmodulesfor the purposeof activatingdeceffuel cut off.

Theseinput signalsto the DMEcontrolmodulesar€ separatehard wire linesthat are also

usedfor the "safetyfuel cut off' featureof the EMLeontrol.

via :a
149e;

:i!,., i
iii:: 'r:
THROfiLECONTROL rl; ri
FORALL COND|IIONS ii,
ai
F: :

ir: r:: li

GANDATA: .,;
KL 50 *' {Y"4tia{' ::tt t"t'"i .;:
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THROTTTEFOStilON SENSOR(PWG)

The throttle position sensor uses an inductivecoil "oscillator"principlefor accelerator

positionrmognitioninput.The PWGconsistsof:

r Threeseparateinductivecoils.
r Onesoft iron core eccentric,attachedto the acceleratorpedalth.roughthe FWG shaft.
e One4, switch,for the externalsafetypath function.

Eaeh coil is suppliedwith an AC voltagesignal,at a specificfrequency,fromthe EML llls

controlmodule.As the pedatis rnoved,the eccentricshapeof the iron core,movescloser
to the PWGcoils.

This causes the

inductance of the
coifsto increasedue
to the concentration
of the magneticfield.

TODMEI

Annfu*
4" SWITCF{
AnnA/*
AA/*

BRAKE
LIGHT
SWTCH

@Y€ The increasinginductancein

the coil causesthe amplitude
of the AO frequeneyto be
reduced,

o
The amplitudeis decreasedlinearly.
as the pedalis presseddown.

The EML control modulemonitorsand processesthe changingamplitudeas the inpr:t

requestfor throttleopening/closing.

nMnr
n^n^r
nAnnr

The changingamplitudevalue is a measureof acseleratorpedal movement, The

FML
cnntrol module is programmedto recognizepedal movementfrom o. (idle)to ggP
woT)
basedon the changingvoltagesignal.

Thethree inductivecoils are used for redundancypurposes.All three signalsfrom

the pWG
are input and evaluatedby both processorsof the EML llls controlmodule.

lf one signalwere to fail, the operationof the EML system,from the driver'spercpective,
would not be affected.The EML llls controlmodulewould continueto funotion
from the
remainingtwo signals'The fault will be recognizedand storedin the fault memory
and a
lailurewarning messagewould be postedin the displaymatr.ix,lf a second signalwere to
fail,the systemwouldgo intothe failsafeoperationano th" EML llls controlmodule
would
stop respondingto the throttle input.The enginewill start but not run above idle.
This
secondfauft would also he stored in the fault memory.

10
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$ffERNAL SAFETY PArrI

The externalsafetypath circuitis maintainedto ensurethat the decelfuel cutoff is activated

if a fault occurs with the output control of the throttle motors causingthe engine not to
returnto idle.

The externalsafetypath eNistsfrom the electronicbrakelight switqh,throughthe 4'switch,

to the decelfuel cutoff inputsof the DMEcontrolmodules.

With the acceleratorpedal released{4'switch closed)and the brake pedal pressed,a high
signalis supplled(bypassingthe EML control module)to the DMF control modulesto
activatedeoelfuel cutoff.

w
40 SWTTCH

sp e cial
tool is no
longerrequired
to test the safety
pathcircuitfor proper
operation.A procedure
is listedin the diagnostic
pagesfor this purpose.

lt requires,sleppingon the accelerator,< 4obut far enoughto display

an off idlecondition,with this displayedon the Dls sg,een,steppingon
the brakepedalwill displaythe decelfuel cut off requestto the DME.
11
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BASIC ADAPTION OF THE PWG

The PWGadaptionallowsthe EMLcontrclmoduleto learnthe idleand wide open throtle "ts4

lirnitpositions.This adaptionpt'oeedurernustbe carriedout in the followinginstances:

r The EMLcontrol module is replaced

r The pedalpositlonsensoris replaced

r The F\ffG is disconnoctedwith the ignition,,ON!'

r A new variantcode is installedin the EML control module

r The DISdiagnosticproceduresrequestan adaptionbe canied out as part of the

troubleshooting

NOTE:The enginewill start but the throttlecontrolsystemwill not respondto inputsfrom

the PWG until this basic adaption has been compteted,The pr,ocedurefor the basic
adaptionis listedin the "SPECIALFUNCTION$"sectionof the DIS- EMLtest pages.

The adaptionprocedureis canied out with KL 15 switched"ON" and the engineuOFp,.

Drivingthe vehicleis no longer requiredfor pedaladaptionas with the M70 EML system. n,*.

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b. Etvtlill s coNTRoLMoDULE
w
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The EMLllls controtmoduleis locatedin the E-Box.All controland safetyrnonitoring
functionso{ the EMLare backedup by redundantprocessing.Eachpair of the output
controlfinalstagesof the DK motorsis controlledby a separateprocessor,

TheEMLcontrolmodulecommunicates withthe DME,ASC+Tand EGSbontrolmodules

overthe CANlinefor the followinginputs/outputs:

DMEConfiol Modules

' Enginecoolanttemperature
o Throttleposition
. NC status (ON/OFR
r Loadsignal{ti)for eachDME
. Enginespeed fl-D)

ASC+TGontrsl Module AG$ Control Module

r Throttlevalveangle r Kickdown
r Throttlevalveincrease r Transmissionrange/program
r Throtilevalvedecrease o ShiftCharacter:istics
r Vehiclespeed

DMEI DMEII
AGS

'a/

CANBUSCONNECTOH
a[ows coNTRoL
M0DULES
TINKED
TOCANBUSTO CONNECT
TOONECENTMLCONNECTOR)

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ECMRELAY
(DMEMAINII)

OPEBATING
POWER
STEPPER
MOTOH1

PEDALPO$TNON PC'IEI{JICI'IEIER
IDLESIGNAL FOli'ERSGROUND
SAFIEYPATH
TOPMEI
TODMEII $T,EPtrEB
.trrtotoRe

i;. THffOTILE
HOUSING 2
STEPPER
Mo]ofi 1

EMLllls
ffi'w STEPPER
MOT,OR2

CRUISECONTHOL t
INDIOATOR '4e

CHECKCONTROL
MODULE
FAULT
DISPLAY

CRUISE
IDLESIGNALTO
CONTHOL
INPUTS: .,j:q1
-i.r+ SAFF|Y PATH
HIGHSIGNAL
E31OR FROMNArc

IDLESIGNIALTODME II
E38SYSTEMS
GR II MA IN
DIAGNOSIS
SWIICH

r
CANBUS

MFLOONTROL
MODULE
CRUISECONTROL
SWITCHES
\<4

14
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CRUISEGONTROLOPERATTON

All functionsof the cruisecontrolsystemare incorporatedin the EML llls controlmodule.

The cruisecontrolmain swlich is wireddirectlyto the EMLllls controlmodule.The multi-
functionsteeringwheel inputs are directto the EMLthrougha separ:ateserialdata bus,

The EML control module regulatesthe operationof the cruise centrol by regulatingthe
positionof the throfilevalvesas it did in the past.The newcruisecontrollogicadoptedwjth
the GR tl E38 74Al are incorporatedin the EMLcontroltogic.

CRUISE EML llls

CONTROL
swrTcHEs

MFLCONTROL
MODULE

TheEMLconlrolsthe cruisecontrolindicatorlempin the instrumentcluster.\ffhenthe main

switchis pressed,the indicatorlamp is illuminated.

The switching'fOFF'pr:ioritiesfor cruiseoperationare carriedover from the GR ll system.

The commandsfor cruisecontrolo:peration are canied out accordingto the highestpriority
as follows:

5 - brakelightswitch - directlyfrom EMLcontrolmodule

4 - transmissionin neutral- from AG$ controlmoduleover CAN
3 - "OFF'request- from MFL steeringwheel
2 - SeVAccelerate - from MFL steeringwheel
1 - Resume- from MFL steeringwheel

The new logicincorporatedintothe cruisecontrolinclude:

r Smootheraccelerationunderthe Hesumefeature.

. Dorrunshift
on decel (down hill)to provideenginebrakingeftuct.

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CYLINDERBANK SYNCHRONIZATION
d*
on the EMLllls system.Thisensuresthat
automaticatly
Thethrottlevalvesares!/nchronized
bothcylinderbanksreceivethe sameairchargeandcreatesa smoothrunningengine.The
synchronizationtakes plaoe at an idle dur.ingthe purge system shut off time. The
synchron2ation processlastapprox.'100seconds.

to takeplaceare:
Thetotalconditionsfor synchronization
r ldling
r Enginespeedbetween560 - 720 RPM
r Throttlevalvestopsrecognized(DKidleposition)
r Loaddifferenceslde-to-sideno morethan .O4to 1O7o
. No fauttsin DMFJEML controlmsdules
r Purgesystemshutdown

SYNCIiNON[Z[ qd

CAN BUS $IG}IAL:

LOAD SIGNALFOR
DME I IS 5% MORE
TI"IANTHAT OF DME II

The EMLcontrol module processe$the load signalsfrom the two DMEcontrol modules.lf
a differenceeXsts, the EML will adjustthe DK motorsto achieveequalair throughputon
both banks.

lf the load differenceis greaterthan 107o,the synchronization

will not take placeand a fault
is storedin the memory. u,
to
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FAULT RECOGNITION/DIAGNOSIS

The OBD ll regulationsrequirethat any fault with the EML llls system that can affect
emissionsmust tum on the "CheckEngineLamp"and be accessiblethroughthe OBD ll
read out connector,Thesefaults will also be stored in the fault mernoryof the EML llls
controlmodulefor accessthroughthe DIStest programs,

ThefailurewarninEof the EML llls systemis throughthe checkcontrolsystem(CCM)of the

E38.A fault rnessage fromthe EML controlmoduleis sent to the CCM and the message
will be posted in the matrixdisplayof the instrumentcluster.

The diagnosisprogramof the DISincludesthe "FaultSyrnptom"troubleshooting

pathsas
well as the Test Modules,ServiceFunctionsand ExpertModes introducedwith the E3g
740|

Diagnosisand troubleshootingshouldalwaysbeginwith the fauftsymptomtroubleshooting

mode.Followthe test modulesand diagnosticpath proviiCed by the Dl$ Tester.

T,*

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.
l
] *. BASICTROUBLESHOOTING
tffi
@- . Alwayspersonallyverifythe customercomplaint.
ltlliit=,
'

' Callup the faulted$ystemor appropriatetest scheduleto verifythe correctcontrol

",
moduleis installedin the car,
$U
li:ri'. r Followthe DiagnosticInformationSystem{DlS}on screeninstructionsand performall
teetsas sPecified'
i@;
i!j.,..., r Usethe Dl$ andfaultsyrnptomdiagnostioppceduresas trained,
,H'

f. setfauttsin,memory.
t.-'" Systemproblemswhicheluded,iagnostie
procedures
mustbe broughtto the attention
'
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