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I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
a. Use 0 as an exponent.
b. Use negative numbers as exponents.
c. Use the quotient rule for exponents.
d. Use combination of rules.
A. Preparation
a.2. Review
Last time, we tackled about the product rule and
the power rule for exponents. What can you
recall about the product rule?
Keep the same base and add the exponents Sir.
Very Good. How about power rule a?
Raise a power to a power by multiplying the
exponents.
Very Good, and how about the power rule b?
Raise a product to a power by raising each factor
to the power.
Correct, and how about the power rule c?
Raise a product to a power by raising both
numerator and denominator to the power.
Very Good, it seems that you fully understood
our previous lesson.
a.3. Motivation
B. Lesson Proper
Today, we will talk about the integer exponents
and the quotient rule.
In all earlier work, exponents were positive
integers. Now, to develop a meaning for
exponents that are not positive integers, consider
the following list.
2 4 16
23 8
22 4
What did you observe class in the results when
each time the exponent reduced by 1?
Sir the results are dividing into two which is the
base.
Each time the exponent is reduced by 1, the
value is divided by 2 (the bases). Using this
pattern, the list can be continued to smaller and
smaller integers.
1 1
21 2 20 1 2 1 2 2
2 4
5−3 62
=
6−2 53
Very Good, how about number 2? 2. ) 𝑚2 𝑛−4
2 −4
𝑚2
𝑚 𝑛 = 4
𝑛
Very Good and for the last who wants to try?
Yes, answer on the board.
𝑥 2 𝑦 −3
3. )
5𝑧 −4
𝑥 2 𝑦 −3 𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑧 4 𝑥 2 𝑧 4
= =
5𝑧 −4 5𝑦 2 5𝑦 2
Did you get the same answer class?
Yes Sir.
That’s nice then let’s proceed to the last rule
which is the Quotient Rule for Exponents.
Will you please read?
For any nonzero real number a and any integer m
and n,
𝑎𝑚
𝑛
= 𝑎𝑚−𝑛
𝑎
Okay thank you, so class the rule is Keep the
same base; subtract the exponents. For example,
58
4
584 54
5
Did you get it class?
Yes Sir.
Okay let’s try these examples.
63
1.) 64
𝑡4
2.)
𝑡 −5
(𝑝+𝑞)−3
3.) (𝑝+𝑞)−7
52 𝑥𝑦 −3
4.) 3−1 𝑥 −2 𝑦 2
C. Application
Now let’s answer these examples using
combination of rules.
315
1.) (33 )4
2.) (4𝑡)5 (4𝑡)−3
−3
7𝑦 4
3.) ( 10 )
4.) (𝑎2 𝑏 −2 𝑐)−3 /(2𝑎𝑏 3 𝑐 −4 )5
315 315
= = 33 = 27
(33 )4 312
−3
7𝑦 4 7−3 𝑦 −12 103 1000
( ) = = =
10 10−3 73 𝑦12 343𝑦12
Very good.
Do you have any question class?
None Sir.
D. Generalization
Okay now let’s recall, what are the three rules
we discussed for today?
Zero Exponent, Negative Exponent and Quotient
Rule Sir.
Very Good, what can you recall about zero
exponent?
Any number raise to zero is equal to 1.
Very good, how about negative exponents?
Any number raise to a negative number will be
equal to its reciprocal and then the negative
exponent will become positive.
Very Good, and how about the Quotient Rule?
Keep the same base and then subtract the
exponents.
Very good, it seems that you fully understood
our lesson for today.
Do you still have any question?
None Sir.
IV. Evaluation
V. Assignment