PROJECT REPORT ON PANBAZAR WATER TREATMENT PLANT

NAME OF THE DIVISION:

PHED, Guwahati Division no -2, Bamunimaidan, Ghy-21

LOCATION OF THE PROJECT:

Panbazar Guwahati -01

PRODUCTION CAPACITY:
2.50 MGD (1, 15, 00,000 liters per day)

Beneficiary:
1. GMCH
2. Dispur capital complex
3. MLA hostel
4. Forensic science laboratory
5. Special branch headquarter, Kahilipara
6. Deaf & Dumb school, Kahilipara
7. Assam secretariat
8. State Zoo
9. Hengrabari health complex
10. IAS colony, Khanapara
11. Assam administrative staff college
12. State guest house 1&2, Koinadhora, Khanapara
13. Veterinary College Complex
14. Neheru Stadium
Source of raw water supply:
The River Brahmaputra

Barge on The river Brahmaputra

Pump sets on Barge Floor

INTAKE POINT:

Panbazar WTP is feed by raw water of The River Brahmaputra. Intake

point is located to the north side of treatment plant about 500m distance.
Raw water is pumped through two nos. pumping main of cast iron materials
of 200mm and 250mm diameter. All pump sets are installed on the floating
Barge of 18.00m & 6.00m size made of mild steel works.
Delivery lines of all pump set are connected to common header made of
8mm thick plate, from this header water goes to the pumping main through
flexible 150mm dia hose pipe.
During winter and rainy season, water level of river fluctuate.
At that time, the position of barge has to be adjusted by adjusting the
quantity of hose pipe. The barge at Panbazar W.T.P. is fastening with steel
wire rope connected with anchoring pillars and bollard at barge floor. To
reduce vibration and movement of barge due to wind and pump sets , two
salpost are used which are fitted one end with barge post and other end is
inserted to mud in river.
AERATION:

By this method volatile and oxidize able impurities are removed. River
water generally contains some organic matter which decomposed produces
some undesirable gases and odors can be removed by aeration.

Chemical reaction takes place as follows-

4FeH2 (CO2)+O2+2H2O 4Fe(OH)3+8CO2
(Ferric hydroxide so formed is removed by filtration.)

Aeration brings water and air in close contact in order to remove

dissolved gases (such as carbon dioxide) and oxidizes dissolved metals such
as iron, hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic chemicals (VOCs). Aeration is
often the first major process at the treatment plant. During aeration,
constituents removed or modified before they can interfere with the
treatment processes.
Aeration brings water and air in close contact by exposing drops or thin
sheet of water to air or by introducing small bubbles of air and letting them
rise through the water. The scrubbing process caused by the turbulence of
aeration physically removes dissolved gases from solution and allows them
to escape into the surrounding air.
In Panbazar raw water comes up through a fountain pipe to the top slab
and they flowing down over R.C.C. trays so that sufficient time given to
contact water with free air.
COAGULATION AND FLOCCULATION:

Suspended impurities of organic as well as inorganic are removed by

coagulating and settling process in Panbazar W.T.P.
Generally setting of suspended matter in water takes a long time. In
order to facilitate quick setting some chemical agents called Coagulant.
Coagulant is generally used as some salt of iron and aluminum. These salt
react with carbonate radicals present in water and produces coagulable
precipitates of hydroxides of these metals, the precipitate hydroxide absorbs
the suspended impurities and also bacteria’s and micro-organisms etc, and
caused them to settle down.
In Panbazar water treatment plant, raw water from Aeration chamber
enters to flash mixer unit which is simply a well of 1.50m dia and 5.5m depth
equipped with a stirrer operated by electric power. In his chamber coagulant
like alum [Fe2(SO4)3] i.e. ferric sulphate is added depending and determining
the intensity of turbidity of river water, after quick mixing in flash mixer
water enters through the bottom of settling tank that is FLOCCULATION
TANK of 4.00 h lift capacity. In this tank floc formation by coagulation
develops and simultaneously heavier particle bonds are settle. Generally 2
hrs time taken to complete the process at PNB W.T.P. Mechanically operated
scraper inside the focculation tank remove the deposit particles at the
bottom of tank to drain through a waste line. In Panbazar W.T.P. it is a
continuous process of 3hrs detention time of water is the flocculator tank.
On the other hand PH value of raw water of Panbazar W.T.P. is 6-9.
After use of Coagulant, filtration process, PH value of water become bellow
7. To increase or maintain PH value around 6.5-8 hydrated lime is also used .
As reported by concerted site incharge.
FLOCCULATOR
CLEARIFIER CUM SETTLING TANK:

SIZE: 18,00,000 litre capacity equipped with electrically operated scraper

blades system, drainage system at the bottom

In panbazar water treatment plant,it is a simply settling tank to produce

to clean water for further treatment in filtration chamber. Water after
coagulation and flock formation in flocculator, the quantity of heavier
suspended particles those comes out from that tank, finally all are removed
in clarifier tank by settling process. Almost 4hrs detention time is given for
complete settlement. Water enters through a fountain of 1m diameter from
top to bottom surface. At bottom the water gets released and goes upward
slowly and thereby heavier suspended particles come with water from
flocculator settles gradually down. The sludge settles at bottom surface
gradually scraped to the waste outlet which is at the center at the tank. The
clear water then overflows to a tray through which water moves to the filter
unit for removal of all the undesirable suspended particle finally.
FILTERATION:

FILTER UNIT

Filtration plays an important role in the natural treatment of

groundwater as it percolates through the soil. It is also a major part of most
water treatment. Groundwater that has been softened, or treated through
iron and manganese oxidation, requires filtration to remove flock created by
coagulation or oxidation process. Since surface water is subject to run-off
and does not undergo natural filtration, it must be filtered to remove
particles and impurities. The filter used in the project is Rapid Sand Filter.

Rapid Sand Filtration is a purely physical drinking water purification

method. Rapid Sand Filters provides rapid and efficient removal of relatively
large suspended particles. Two types of RSF are typically used: rapid gravity
and rapid pressure sand filters. For the provision of safe drinking water, RSFs
require adequate pre-treatment and post-treatment. Both construction and
operation is cost-intensive. It is a relatively sophisticated process usually
requiring power-operated pumps, regular backwashing or cleaning, and flow
control of filter outlet. Rapid Sand Filtration is common in developed
countries for the treatment of large quantities of water where land is a
strongly limiting factor and where material, skilled labor and continuous
energy supply are available.

In Panbazar water treatment plant Rapid sand filter bed size is 115.00
meter square having 80 litre/m2/min rate of filtration capacity. There are two
units operated parallel. The filter bed is charged graded river gravel of 5mm -
40 mm dia and coarse sand. Each of units washout by backwashing system in
alternate days. Backwash water is clear water stored in over head tank which
is release during back washing. Before back washing. Filter beds are made
loose by ejecting compress air so that filter media are cleaned up completely
and easily.
The period between backwashing depends on the quality of influent
water normally lies between 24-72 hours. The cleaning process requires an
interruption of the purification process of 5-10 minutes per filter bed. The
backwash process must be observed carefully, in particular the rate of flow
must be controlled to avoid erosion of filter medium. Periodic repacking of
the filter bed may be required at infrequent intervals to ensure efficient
operation. Operation and maintenance thus required skilled and highly
reliable workers.
CHLORINATION (Sterilization by Bleaching powder):

Sterilizer used in panbazar W.T.P is bleaching powder. Chlorination is

the process of adding chlorine to drinking water to disinfect it and kill germs.
Different processes can be used to achieve safe level of chlorine in drinking
water.
Bleaching powder is soliable in water. It is mixed with water after the
removal of organic matter, suspended impurities etc. The mixer is allowed to
stand several hours so that sterilization completed.

The chemical action which takes place is as follows :

CaClOCl` Ca(OH)2 (slack lime) + Cl2 (chlorine gas)

Cl2 + H2O` HOCL + HCL

HOCL HCL + O (Nascent Oxygen)

Hypochlorous acid and nascent oxygen are both powerful germicides.

Only calculated quantity of bleaching powder is used at panbazar W.T.P. It is
determined in chemical lab in panbazar. 1.00 ppm residual chlorine is
maintain,so that at least 0.20ppm residual chorine can be sampled at various
tap point of beneficiaries .Here in Panbazar W.T.P. chlorine powder is added
in running water to Underground reservoir from filter in a plastic tank
bleaching powder and water is mixed to make a solution and that solution is
released in the water line with regulating valve as per requirement of
residual chlorine.
UNDERGROUND RESERVOIR:

Underground service reservoir provides a suitable reserve of treated

water to supply with pumping arrangement from water treatment plant to
distribution system during the distribution process.
Underground reservoir, also known as sump serve as suction sources for
pumps. These reservoirs normally are built at site of supply source. IT is
common to design a well pump station where number of well pumps
discharge to an onsite reservoir. Water treatment plants also commonly have
large reservoir to hold treated water. Service pumps draw water from the
reservoir and discharge into the transmission and distribution system. The
reservoir at the water treatment plant or well source can be completely
buried, partially buried or completely above ground.
At Panbazar W.T.P. 2,00,000 liters capacity underground reservoir made
of R.C.C. work is use for storage of drinking water from which the water is
pumped to the Beneficiary.

200000 liters capacity Under Ground Reservior

PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

SUMMER TRAINING REPORT ON WATER

TREATMENT PLANT

Submitted by :

 Manash Pratim Kalita (201700193)

 Avishek Chakraborty (201700082)
 Bhaskar Barman (201700215)

B.Tech 4th Semester (2019), Civil Engineering Department

SIKKIM MANIPAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MAJHITAR, SIKKIM
 ACKNOWLEDEMENT

We are very thankful to PHED (Guwahati Division No- II) for

giving us opportunity to undertake our summer training at Panbazar
Water Treatment plant. It was a very good learning experience for us at
the treatment plant with effected from 07/06/2019 to 06/07/2019.

I would like to convey my heartiest thanks to Pankaj Barua Sir

(Executive Engineer, PHE, Guwahati Division No- II) and Jayanta
Mazumdar Sir (Assistant Executive Engineer, PHE, Guwahati Sub-
Division ). I would like to give my heart-felt thanks to Manoranjan Das
Sir (i/c Panbazar Water Treatment Plant) who guided and encouraged
us all through the summer training and imparted in-depth knowledge of
the programme.I would like to thank all the employees of Panbazar
Water Treatment Plant for their precious time and valuable guidance
during our training programme.
 INTRODUCTION

Assam Public Health Engineering Department is the nodal state

Government’s Department for the rural areas of Assam. APHED is
managed by highly qualified and experienced professional staff and has
been serving the people of the state since 1956.

APHED has created a mission to enhance quality of life of the

people by ensuring sustainable safe drinking water and sanitation
facilities and services along with promoting hygiene practices according
to their choices and affordability. It has a vision for clean and healthy
Assam in which each person individually and collectively owns and
takes the responsibility to ensure an equitable and good quality of life
through safe drinking water supply, adequate sanitation facilities and
best hygiene practice
 CONCLUSION

The objective to attain an unblemished Assam is reaching the top

with passing time. The water treatment plant at Panbazar is evidence to
the aforesaid fact, wherein there is consensus among all the liberal
minds of Assam to take accountability to generate a sustainable living
standard by guarantying a healthy life style by providing them with
adequate water supply and proper sanitation and hygiene practices.

This project has helped us to gain an insight regarding the

various steps of the water treatment process and thus how it is able to
promote a cleaner and better health in Assam.
 WATER TESTING LABORATORY PANBAZAR W.T.P

Why test water?

The appearance, taste and odor of water from any source offers
some information on obvious contamination in water sample based on.
But it will not detect impurities that can cause harm due to presence of
certain chemicals constituent like hardness, dissolved solids, nitrates,
fluorides, iron etc or even biological contamination. Therefore it is very
essential and chemical characteristics before it is used for human
consumption.

FOR RAW WATER :

1. Turbidity Testing : Turbidity of water of river Brahamaputra is

tested everyday to fix up the dosing of alum (Ferric Sulphate) &
(Hydrated Lime). Turbidity test is done in digital turbidity meter.
Sample of raw water is compared with standard turbidity
solution in the digital meter as per intensity of turbidity, alum
dosing is determined considering the dosing chart (already
calculated) in P.W.T.P. Level of turbidity of water at Panbazar
intake varies from 100-800 NTU.

2. PH Testing : In P.W.T.P, PH value of drinking water is also

checked daily and done with PH paper strip. The general PH
value i.e. 6.5-8.5 is maintained here.
 3. Chlorine Test : Chlorination with bleaching powder is done
continuously to clear water in UGR at P.W.T.P. Residual chlorine
should not be more than 1.00 PPM. Test is done by adding
standard solution to the water collected in the test tube.

4. Bacteriological Test : It is done in District Level Laboratory under

O/O the E.E (PHE) Guwahati Division No.2 at Bamunimaidan,
Guwahati-3.
Other sophisticated water test are periodically done at
District Level Laboratory, PHED.

District level water testing laboratory under ,Guwahati PHE Division

No.ll