INTRODUCTION TO CALCULUS

1) Sketch the tangent (gradient) function for the following function:

y

x
x1 x2

2) Sketch the derivative function of the function below.

y

x
x1 x2 x3

3)
y

x
A B C D E F G

At what points on the above graph is the function not differentiable?

4) Sketch a function that could have the following as its gradient function:

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 y

x
x1 x2

5) Differentiate x2 - 3x + 1 from first principles.

6) Find the derivative of 5x4 + 3x3 - 2x2 + 7x - 4.
7) Differentiate x5 + 2x2 - 8x + 9.
8) Find f 1 (x) if f(x) = 3x11 - x7 + 5x6 + 2x3 + 1.
dy
9) If y = 8x3 - 2x + 5, find when x = 2.
dx
dh
10) If h = 2t3 + t - 3, find .
dt
dV
11) Find if V = 4  r2.
dr
dh
12) If h = 5t2 + 3t - 7, find when t = 3.
dt
13) Differentiate x-5.
2

14) Find the derivative of x 3 .

1
15) Differentiate 4 .
3x
16) Differentiate (3x - 7)6.
17) Find f 1 (x) when f(x) = (x2 + 5x - 2)3.
18) Differentiate (5x + 1)(3x - 2) by
(a) expanding
(b) using the product rule.
19) Differentiate 3x2.(7x - 1)5.
4x  3
20) Differentiate .
3x  1
x2  5
21) Differentiate .
2x  5
22) Find the gradient of the tangent to the curve y = 2x2 - 3x + 6 at the point (-1,11).
23) Find the gradient of the normal to the curve y = x3 + 4x2 - x at the point where
x = 1.
24) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = x3 at the point (2,8).

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25) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = 2x2 - 3x + 5 at the point
where x = -3.
26) Find the equation of the normal to the curve y = x2 + 2 at the point (3,11).
27) Find the equation of the normal to the curve y = 4x3 - 7x2 + 3 at the point
where x = 2.
28) Find the gradient of the (a) tangent and (b) normal to the curve y = x2 at
the point (-4,16).
29) The equation of the normal to a curve at point P is given by 3x - 2y + 5 = 0.
(a) Find the gradient of the tangent to the curve at point P.
dy
(b) If  2 x  1 , find the coordinates of P.
dx

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 ANSWERS

1)
y

x
x1 x2

2)
y

x
x1 x2 x3

3) D,E,F
4)
y

x
x2
x1

5) 2x - 3

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 6) 20x3 + 9x2 - 4x + 7
7) 5x4 + 4x- 8
8) 33x10 - 7x6 + 30x5 + 6x2
9) 94
10) 6t2 + 1
11) 8 r
12) 33
13) -5x-6
1
2 3
14) x
3
4
15)  5
3x
16) 18(3x - 7)5
17) 3(2x + 5)(x2 + 5x - 2)2
18) 30x - 7
19) 105x2(7x - 1)4 + 6x(7x - 1)5 = 3x(7x - 1)4(49x - 2)
13
20)
( 3x  1) 2
2 x 2  10x  10
21)
( 2 x  5) 2
22) -7
1
23) 
10
24) 12x - y - 16 = 0
25) 15x + y + 13 = 0
26) x + 6y - 69 = 0
27) x + 20y - 142 = 0
1
28) (a) -8 (b)
8
2  5 1
29) (a)  (b) P =   ,1 
3  6 4

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