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Cash Flows available for capital payments [a] 517 948 1399 2073 2551
Cash Flows available for capital [b] 1099 1610 2092 2763 3209
Present Value
Valuation
a=case exhibit 5
b=cash flows available for capital equal cash flows available for capital payments plus cash interest
c=discount rate is computed using the CAPM, with an unlevered asset beta of 0.70, a risk-free rate of 9% and a risk premium
d=the cumulative discount factor for each year is the present value of $1 received at the end of the year
e=calculated as the present value in 1988 of a growing perpetuity of the 1998 cash flow available to capital
f=assumes 229 million shares outstanding
n the cash flows
Assumptions
Unlevered asset beta = 0.70
Assumed debt beta = 0
Risk free rate = 9%
after tax expected return [a]=5.9%
risk premium = 8%
Beginning of year book values 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
Assumed debt 5204 4894 4519 3798 3982 2582
Market Value of equity [b] 12790 14949 17405 20199 23361 26939
value of rjr nabisco 17994 19843 21924 23997 26343 29521
Equity beta [c] 0.98 0.98 0.94 0.89 0.84 0.8 0.77
cost of equity [d] (in %) 16.9 16.5 16.1 15.7 15.4 15.2
WACC [in %] 13.7 13.8 14 14.1 14.3 14.3
a=cost of debt is assumed to be the risk free rate because the beta of the debt is assumed to be zero. The tax rate is 34%
b= the market value of equity is assumed to grow at the cost of equity
c= the levered equity beta (beta-e)=E/V[beta-a], where E is the market value of jr nabisco and beta-a is the unlevered asset b
d=caculated using the CAPM
1995 1996 1997 1998
1854 0 0 0
31016 35649 40853 46818
32870 35649 40853 46818
21183 22496
Less: Assumed debt 5204 5204
Net value 15979 17292
Net value per share(g) 69.77729 75.51092
4%
12910
11395
24304
5204
19100
83.40611
Valuing the cash flows to capital under the managemnt group plan when interest tax sheilds are included in the cash flows
30408 31428
Less: Assumed debt 5204 5204
Net value 25204 26224
Net value per share(g) 110.0611 114.5153
4%
23982
8852
32833
5204
27629
120.6507
TN-5 Capital structure for RJR Nabisco under the management group plan (millions of dollars)
1989 1990
Bank debt Amount = $ 15000 Interest rate = 12 %
% (1990 - 1998)
1989
Beginning of year book values (b)
WACC(f) 11.70%
(a) Using a 34% tax rate, after tax debt rates are calculated as 66% of the CAPM determ
(b) Exhibit TN-5
c Value at the beginning of the year. Assumes that the market value of equity begins
(d) The equity beta with positive subordinated debt and preferred stock betas is
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
s 66% of the CAPM determined rate based on the assumed beta. Preferred stock expected returns are also calculated using the CAPM
ket value of equity begins at the management groups equity investment of $2.5 billion and grows at the cosqt of equity
e cosqt of equity
Valuing the cash flows to capital under the managemnt group plan when tax adjusted discount rates are included in the ca
31550 32955
Less: Assumed debt 5204 5204
Net value 26346 27751
Net value per share(g) 115.048 121.1834
4%
23375
11568
34943
5204
29739
129.8646
Valuing the cash flows to capital under the KKR's plan when interest tax sheilds are included in the cash flows(mn of dollrs
Discount rate is computed using the CAPM model with an unlevered asset beta of 0.7 a risk free rate of 9% and risk premium
Assume 229 million shares outstanding
Assume a 34% tax rate equals interest in Exhibit 5 times 66%
Cash flows available for capital©equlas Cash flows available for capital payments plus cash interest
ed in the cash flows(mn of dollrs exceot per share data)
17.2%(1991-1992)
1817 2129 0 0 0 0 0 0
312 366 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2129 2495 0 0 0 0 0 0
Assumptions
a=using a 34% tax rate, after tax debt rates are calculated as 66% of the CAPM determined rate based on the assumption bet
b= exhibit 9
c=value at the beginning of the year. Assumes that the market value of equity begins at KKR's equity investment of $2.5 billio
Bank debt Sub-ordinated debt converting debt assumed debt preferred stock
Beta 0 0.25 0.25 0 0.25
After tax rate [a] 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.07
ed rate based on the assumption beta. Preferred stock expected returns are also calculated using the CAPM.
KKR's equity investment of $2.5 billion and grows at the cost of equity. Convertible debt becomes equity in 1992.
1997 1998
0 0
0 0
149 0
0 0
0 0
9365 7320
20926 24324
30441 31644
0.9 0.8
16.2 15.7
13.4 13.7
Valuing the cash flows to capital under the KKR's plan using tax adjusted discount rates (mn of dollrs exceot per share data
Discount rate is computed using the CAPM model with an unlevered asset beta of 0.7 a risk free rate of 9% and risk premium
Assume 229 million shares outstanding
Assume a 34% tax rate equals interest in Exhibit 5 times 66%
Cash flows available for capital©equlas Cash flows available for capital payments plus cash interest
ollrs exceot per share data)
Valuing the cash flows to capital under the pre-bid plan [interest tax
shields in cash flows]
Cash flows for available for capital payments[h] [exh.5] 517 948 1399
Cash interest [exh.5] 582 662 693
Cash flows available for capital [h] 1099 1610 2092
present value 959 1225 1390
Valuing the cash flows to capital under the management group plan
[interest tax shields in cash flows]
Cash flows for available for capital payments[h] [exh.5] 12018 593 919
Cash interest [exh.5] 2792 1353 1286
Cash flows available for capital [h] 14810 1946 2205
present value 12923 1482 1465
Valuing the cash flows to capital under KKR's plan [interest tax
shields in cash flows]
Cash flows for available for capital payments[h] [exh.5] 3732 3521 1414
Cash interest [exh.5] 2548 2103 1685
Cash flows available for capital [h] 6280 5625 3099
present value 5480 4283 2059
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 Terminal Value [c]
14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6
0.58 0.51 0.44 0.39 0.34 0.29 0.26
Valuing the cash flows to capital under the management group plan (interest tax shields in WACC)
Cash Flows Available for
Capital Payments 12018 593 919
After tax cash interest 1843 893 849
Cash Flows Available for
Capital 13861 1486 1768
WACC 11.70% 12.00% 12.20%
Cumulative WACC 0.9 0.8 0.71
Present Value 12411 1187 1259
Valuing the cash flows to capital under the KKR's plan (interest tax shields in WACC)
Cash Flows Available for
Capital Payments 3732 3521 1414
After tax cash interest 1682 1388 1112
Cash Flows Available for
Capital 5414 4909 2526
WACC 11.50% 11.70% 11.90%
Cumulative WACC 0.9 0.8 0.72
Present Value 4854 3941 1813
5204 15999 70
NOTE: Data for prebid strategy are from Exhibit 5; for the management group strategy fro Exhibit 6 and for KKR's strategy fro
(a) terminal values are calculated as perpetuities of the 1998 value without growth using a 14.6% discount rate
(b) Calculated using a 14.6% discount rate
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1998 Terminal Value (a)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
970
2800
2130
6957
4367
2836
0
5110
11064
29385
29096
23134