WRITING INSTRUCTIONS, RECIPES, PROCEDURES TO DO SOMETHING

You can use this model every time you have to explain how to do something: how to play a game,
how to wrap a present, how to cook your favourite food.
Let’s start with the PREWRITING. So far, we have studied three strategies: brainstorming,
clustering or web, and journalistic technique.
When we have to explain or describe a process (“how-to-do”) the best prewriting models are:
 INSTRUCTION or PLANNING FRAME
 FLOW CHART
What’s the difference between these two models? By using a instruction or planning frame we
can explain a process which has a beginning and an end, for example: how to prepare a cup of
hot chocolate or how to decorate a Christmas tree. On the other hand, a flow chart is used to
explain a process which has a beginning, but it doesn’t necessarily have an ending, for example:
the life cycle of any animal
As the model I will present here is about how to make my favourite sandwich, I will use an
instruction or planning frame. Use this frame to make brief notes and to organize your ideas
when writing instructions or recipes. SPELLING MISTAKES ARE DONE ON PURPOSE TO
SHOW HOW TO DO PROOFREADING!!!
Let’s see what it looks like:

PREWRITING: PLANNING FRAME

Title: TUNA SANDWICH

Introduction: favorite sandwich, easi to go to beach or swimingpul, easi to meik
What you need / You will need / equipment:
 2 slices of sandwich bread
 A can of oild tuna
OPTIONAL:
 Dressings: *mayoneis *kechup
 Other ingredients:
*boild egg
*lettuce *slaises of fres tomato
What to do / Numbered Steps:
1. Mix tuna, mayoneis/kechup or bouth dressings
2. Put one slais of bread on a pleit and spred the tuna mixcha with a naïf
3. Pleis 2 or 3 think slaises of fress tomato on the tuna mixcha.
4. Pleis 1 or 2 choped lives of lettus on the tomato slises
5. Put anoda slais of bread to finis de sandwich
Closing paragraph / explanation: delisius, meny colors, quik to meik, easy to teik in bakpak

Writing instructions recipes process

Now, let’s do the drafting. Remember: you have to write sentences with the ideas you wrote in
your planning frame. YOU WILL NEED WORDS OR PHRASES TO SIGNAL TIME SEQUENCE
(SEQUENCING WORDS: First, Then, Next, After that, When, Finally). Don’t forget to skip 2
or 3 blank lines between paragraphs to revise your drafting.

DRAFTING and REVISING: MY FAVOURITE SANDWICH

INTRODUCTION: Mai feivorit sandwich is tuna sandwich. Ai laik this sandwich. is very easi if
you wont to meik it. Ai can teik it to de suiminpul. Ai can teik it to de beech.

WHAT YOU NEED: you need 2 slaises of sandwich bred and a can of oild tuna. You can olso use
tuna in water mayoneis kechup and 1 boild egg and lives of lettus and fres tomato

WHAT TO DO: first you mix tuna wiz yor feivorit dresin. You can chus betuin mayoneis or
kechup. Or you can put all togeder. Next you Put one slais of bread on a pleit and spred the tuna
mixcha with a naïf then Pleis 2 or 3 think slaises of fress tomato on the tuna mixcha. After
that Pleis 1 or 2 choped lives of lettus on the tomato slises. Finaly Put anoda slains of bread to
finis de sandwich. My sister loves hot dogs.

Writing instructions recipes process

CLOSING PARAGRAPH: Ai laik dis sandwich a lot. Is delisius. It have meny colors. you can
meik it quik. is easi to teik in yor bakpak.

Next, let’s revise your drafting. A good idea is doing this step with a friend so he / she can help
you spot those sentences which need some improvement. Use a different colour pen.

DRAFTING and REVISING: MY FAVOURITE SANDWICH

INTRODUCTION: Mai feivorit sandwich is tuna sandwich. Ai laik this sandwich. is very easi if
you wont to meik it. Ai can teik it to de suiminpul. Ai can teik it to de beech.
It is very easi if you wont to meik it. Ai can teik it to de swimingpul or to the beech.

WHAT YOU NEED: you need 2 slaises of sandwich bred and a can of oild tuna. You can olso use
tuna in water mayoneis kechup and 1 boild egg and lives of lettus and fres tomato
You can olso use tuna in water. You can choose other ingredients such as mayoneis, kechup,
a boild egg, 2 or 3 choped lives of lettus, and one fress tomato.

WHAT TO DO: first you mix tuna wiz yor feivorit dresin. You can chus betuin mayoneis or
kechup. Or you can put all togeder. Next you Put one slais of bread on a pleit and spred the tuna
mixcha with a naïf. then Pleis 2 or 3 think slaises of fress tomato on the tuna mixcha. After
that Pleis 1 or 2 choped lives of lettus on the tomato slaises. Finaly Put anoda slains of bread to
finis de sandwich. My sister loves hot dogs.
First you have to mix the tuna wiz yor feivorit dresin. You can chus betuin mayoneis or kechup.
You can also mix the tuna wiz the two dresins togeder. Next you have to Put one slais of bread
on a pleit and spred the tuna mixcha with a naïf. Then you have to Pleis
2 or 3 thin slaises of fress tomato on the tuna mixcha. After that you have to Pleis 1 or 2
choped lives of lettus on the tomato slaises. Finaly you can put anoda slais of bread to finis de
sandwich.

Writing instructions recipes process

CLOSING PARAGRAPH: Ai laik dis sandwich a lot. Is delisius. It have meny colors. you can
meik it quik. is easi to teik in yor bakpak.
Ai laik dis sandwich a lot. It is delisius. It have meny colors. You can meik it quik. It is easi to
teik in yor bakpak.
Then we have to edit our writing piece with the new sentences. Again, skip 2 lines between
paragraphs so you can do the proofreading on the same paper.

EDITING and PROOFREADING: MY FAVOURITE SANDWICH

INTRODUCTION: Mai feivorit [My favourite] sandwich is tuna sandwich. Ai laik [I like] this
sandwich. It is very easi [easy] if you wont to meik [want to make] it. Ai can teik [I can take ] it
to de swimingpul [the swimmingpool ] or to the beech [beach].

WHAT YOU NEED: you [You] need 2 slaises [slices] of sandwich bred [bread] and a can of
oild[oiled] tuna. You can olso [also] use tuna in water. You can choose other ingredients such as
mayoneis[mayonnaise] kechup [ketchup], a boild[boiled] egg, 2 or 3 choped lives of lettus
[chopped leaves of lettuce] , and one fress [fresh] tomato.

WHAT TO DO: First ^, you have to mix the tuna wiz yor feivorit dresin [with your favourite
dressing]. You can chus betuin mayoneis or kechup [choose between mayonnaise or ketchup]. You
can also mix the tuna wiz [with] the two dresins togeder [dressings together]. Next^, you have
to Put [put] one slais [slice] of bread on a pleit [plate] and spred [spread] the tuna mixcha
[mixture] with a naif [knife]. Then you have to pleis [place] 2 or 3 thin slaises [slices] of fress
[fresh] tomato on the tuna mixcha [mixture]. After that ^, you have to Pleis [place] 1 or 2
choped lives of lettus [chopped leaves of lettuce] on the tomato slaises [slices]. Finaly [Finally]
you can put anoda slais [another slice] of bread to finis de sandwich [finish the sandwich].

CLOSING PARAGRAPH: Ai laik dis [I like this] sandwich a lot. It is delisius [delicious]. It
have [It has] meny colors [many colours]. You can meik [make] it quik [quickly]. It is easi [easy]
to teik [take] in yor bakpak [your backpack].

Finally, we are ready to publish this writing piece. Don’t forget to write your name, date, and
classroom number. Use your best handwriting or publish it with your PC.

Writing instructions recipes process

PEPITA PEREZ December 28th, 2013 4A

MY FAVOURITE SANDWICH

My favourite sandwich is tuna sandwich. I like this sandwich. It is very easy if you
want to make it. I can take it to the swimming pool or to the beach.

You need 2 slices of sandwich bread and a can of oiled tuna. You can also use tuna
in water. You can choose other ingredients such as mayonnaise, ketchup, a boiled egg, 2
or 3 chopped leaves of lettuce, and one fresh tomato.

First, you have to mix the tuna with your favourite dressing. You can choose
between mayonnaise or ketchup. You can also mix the tuna with the two dressings
together. Next, you have to put one slice of bread on a plate and spread the tuna
mixture with a knife. Then you have to place 2 or 3 thin slices of fresh tomato on the
tuna mixture. After that, you have to place 1 or 2 chopped leaves of lettuce on the
tomato slices. Finally you can put another slice of bread to finish the sandwich.

I like this sandwich a lot. It is delicious. It has many colours. You can make it
quickly and it is easy to take in your backpack.

Writing instructions recipes process