THE CONCEPT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT

Section 1, Article 10 (PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION):

The territorial and political subdivisions of the republic of the Philippines are the Province, cities,
and municipalities and barangays. There shall be autonomous regions in Muslim Mindanao and the
Cordillera as here in after provided.
CENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION
Section 2 of Article (1987 CONSTITUTION)
The territorial and political subdivision shall enjoy local autonomy.
Local Autonomy- pertains to the degree of self-determination exercised by a local government unit vis-
à-vis the central government. To attain local autonomy, a necessary pre-requisite is decentralization.
Decentralization- signifies a transfer of the powers and responsibilities of state institutions to local
governments, which makes local autonomy possible.
CREATION, MERGER, DIVISION AND CONVERSION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
Section 6 Republic Act No.7160 (LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE)
Authority to create local government units. A local government unit may be created, divided,
merged, and abolished or its boundaries altered either by law enacted by congress in case of a province,
city, municipality or any other political subdivision, or by ordinance passed by the sangguniang
panlalawigan or sangguniang panglungsod concerned in the case of a barangay located within its
territorial jurisdiction, subject to such limitations and requirements prescribed on this code. Plebiscite
requirements, no creation, division, merger, abolition, or substantial alternation of boundaries of local
government units shall take effect unless approved by a majority of the votes cast in a plebiscite called
for the purpose shall be conducted by the commission on elections(comelec) within one hundred
twenty (120) days from the date of effectivity of the law or ordinance affecting such action, unless said
law or ordinance fixes another date.

THE CONGRESS The Sangguniang Panlalawigan or

Sangguniang Panlungsod
Creates Province, City and Municipality through an Creates a Barangay through an ordinance.
act of congress
CASE NO.1
 The sangguniang panlalawigan of Benguet passed an ordinance creating the municipality of
Abatan.Moreover, Abatan met all the requirements in its creation as a municipality. As a HUMSS
student, can this process pursue?
LAND AREAS POPULATION INCOME
Province 2,000 square kilometer 250,000 Php.20 million
Highly Urbanized City 2,000 square kilometers 200,000 Php. 50 million
Independent City 2,000 square kilometers 150,000 Php. 100 million
Component City 2,000 square kilometers 150,000 Php.100 million
Municipality 2,000 square kilometers 25,000 Pphp.2.5 million
Barangay none 2,000(5,000 in Metro none
Manila and highly
urbanized city)
THE POWERS OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT
1. Police Power
2. Power to generate and apply resources
3. Eminent Domain
4. Reclassification of lands
5. Closure and opening of roads
6. Authority to negotiate and secure grants.
CASE NO.2
Balunbalunan is a municipality of the province of Benguet. The said municipality has its own income of
100 million and a population of 150,000 and became a highly urbanized city. Accordingly, Balunbalunan
will fully become a highly urbanized city after the scheduled plebiscite on January 1,2019. Morever, the
comelec conducted a plebiscite on February 1,2019. As a result, majority of the voters agreed on the
creation of the city. What are the errors in the case?
 THE DIFFERENT LEVELS THE PHILIPPINE LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF
Function/Features Officials Local Legislative
Bodies
Province Larger than a city, serves as Governor (local Sangguniang Governor
the intermediate level chief executive) Panlalawigan(Provincial Melchor
between the national and Vice Governor Board) Diclas
the cities and municipalities Members of the
Provincial Board
Municipalities Essential service, such as Mayor (local chief Sangguniang Panlungsod Mayor
(Highly Urbanized primary health care, executive)Vice Benjamin
City, Independent lightning of streets, Mayor Magalong
City, Component collecting and disposal of Members of the
City) garbage’s, etc. Sangguniang
Council
Municipalities Sangguniang Sangguniang Bayan Mayor
Council Romeo K.
Salda
Barangay A submunicipal unit and Barangay Sangguniang Barangay Barangay
makes close interaction captain(local thief Captain
possible among the people in executive)members Arsenio
the community. of the sangguniang Damilo
barangay
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT

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AUTONOMY REGION

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PROVINCE ---------------

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COMPONENT CITY _____________

MUNICIPALITITES BARANGAYS BARANGAY

BARANGAY BARANGAY
BARANGAY BARANGAY