DRILL 3

Which of the following acids has the lowest pH? What element is the stable end-product of the
Correct Answer: "0.1 M HBO, pKa = uranium radioactive decay series?
2.43" Correct Answer: Pb
Which isotope, when bombarded with oxygen- The addition of He to the equilibrium 2CO(g) +
18, yields the artificial isotope seaborgium-263 O2(g) <==> 2 CO2(g) at constant volume _____.
plus 4 neutrons? Correct Answer: Has no effect
Correct Answer: californium-249 "When the reaction Cu + HNO3 --> Cu2+ + NO +
Beta particles are identical to H2O is balanced in acidic solution, the
Correct Answer: electrons coefficient of H+ is _____."
What element is the stable end-product of the Correct Answer: 6
uranium radioactive decay series? "What is the value of Kc for the reaction CO2(g)
Correct Answer: Pb + H2(g) <==> H2O(g) + CO(g) when the
Which one of the following substances will give equilibrium concentrations of CO, H2, CO2, and
an aqueous solution of pH closest to 7? H2O are 0.050 M, 0.045 M, 0.086 M and 0.040
Correct Answer: KNO3 M respectively?"
Which of the following statements is false? Correct Answer: 0.52
Correct Answer: "A catalyst increases What is the pH of a 0.050 M LiOH solution?
the rate of the forward reaction, but does not Correct Answer: 12.7
alter the reverse rate." The number of faradays required to deposit one
Hydrogen bromide will dissociate into hydrogen mole of Cr metal from Cr2O72- is
and bromine gases. Correct Answer: 6
Correct Answer: 2HBr(g) ↔ H2(g) + What is the pH of a 0.75 M HNO3 solution?
Br2(g); ΔH°rxn = 68 kJ Correct Answer: 0.12
What effect will a temperature increase of 50°C Which one of the following substances will give
have on this system at equilibrium? an aqueous solution of pH closest to 7?
Correct Answer: low temperature, high Correct Answer: KNO3
pressure The reaction system CS2(g) + 4H2(g) ↔ CH4(g)
A solution is prepared by adding 0.10 mol of + 2H2S(g) is at equilibrium. Which of the
sodium fluoride, NaF, to 1.00 L of water. Which following statements describes the behavior of
statement about the solution is correct? the system if the partial pressure of carbon
Correct Answer: The solution is basic. disulfide is reduced?
What is the mass-action expression, Qp, for the Correct Answer: As equilibrium is
following reaction? SbF5(g) + 4Cl2(g) ↔ reestablished, the partial pressure of carbon
SbCl3(g) + 5ClF(g) disulfide increases.
Correct Answer: Which one of the following statements about
The reaction system POCl3(g) ↔ POCl(g) + fission and fusion is false?
Cl2(g) is at equilibrium. Which of the following Correct Answer: "For a fission reaction
statements describes the behavior of the the mass defect (Dm) is negative, whereas for
system if the partial pressure of chlorine is fusion Dm is positive."
reduced by 50%? "When the concentrations of reactant
Correct Answer: POCl3 will be molecules are increased, the rate of reaction
consumed as equilibrium is established. increases. The best explanation for this
Alpha particles are identical to phenomenon is that as the reactant
Correct Answer: helium nuclei concentration increases,"
Correct Answer: the frequency of
molecular collisions increases
The following reaction is at equilibrium at a
pressure of 1 atm, in a closed container.
NaOH(s) + CO2(g) ↔ NaHCO3(s); ΔH°rxn < 0
Which, if any, of the following actions will
decrease the concentration of CO2 gas present
at equilibrium?
Correct Answer: lowering the
temperature
Which of the following equilibria is not affected
by pressure?
Correct Answer: solid <==> liquid
The potential of the cell made up of
Zn/Zn2+(0.25 M) and Cu/Cu2+(0.15 M) at 25 °C
is _____.
Correct Answer: 1.09V
What is the pH of a 0.00200 M HClO4 solution?
Correct Answer: 2.699
One ampere-hour (1A·hr) is _____.
Correct Answer: 3600 C
What element is the stable end-product of the
uranium radioactive decay series?
Correct Answer: Pb
What is the valence (oxidation state) of carbon
in sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)?
Correct Answer: c. 4
A catalyst accelerates a reaction because
Correct Answer: it lowers the activation
energy for the reaction.
The kinetics of the decomposition of dinitrogen
pentaoxide is studied at 50°C and at 75°C.
Which of the following statements concerning
the studies is correct?
Correct Answer: The rate at 75°C will be
greater than the rate at 50°C because the
number of molecules with enough energy to
react increases with increasing temperature.
Which one of the following substances will give
an aqueous solution of pH < 7?
Correct Answer: NH4Br
About half of the sodium carbonate produced is
used in making glass products because it lowers
the melting point of sand, the major component
of glass. When sodium carbonate is added to
water it hydrolyses according to the following
reactions.
CO32-(aq) + H2O(l) ↔ HCO3-(aq) + OH-(aq); K1
HCO3-(aq) + H2O(l) ↔ H2CO3(aq) + OH-(aq);
K2
These can be combined to yield
CO32-(aq) + 2H2O(l) ↔ H2CO3(aq) + 2OH-(aq);
K3
What is the value of K3?
Correct Answer: K1 × K2
Consider the following mechanism for the
oxidation of bromide ions by hydrogen peroxide
in aqueous acid solution.
H+ + H2O2 H2O+-OH (rapid equilibrium)
H2O+-OH + Br- → HOBr + H2O (slow)
HOBr + H+ + Br- → Br2 + H2O (fast)
Which of the following rate laws is consistent
with the mechanism?
Correct Answer: Rate = k[H2O2][H+][Br-
]
Which one of the following changes would alter
the rate constant (k) for the reaction 2A + B ®
products?
Correct Answer: increasing the
temperature
The acid dissociation constant Ka equals 1.26 ×
10-2 for HSO4- and is 5.6 × 10-10 for NH4+.
Which statement about the following
equilibrium is correct?
HSO4-(aq) + NH3(aq) ↔ SO42-(aq) + NH4+(aq)
Correct Answer: The products will be
favored because the hydrogen sulfate ion is a
stronger acid than the ammonium ion.
The unit of electromotive force is the _____.
Correct Answer: volt
Methanol can be synthesized by combining
carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
CO(g) + 2H2(g) ↔ CH3OH(g); ΔH°rxn = -
90.7 kJ
A reaction vessel contains these compounds at
equilibrium. What effect will be seen when
equilibrium is re-established after decreasing
the temperature by 45°C?
Correct Answer: The partial pressure of
carbon monoxide will decrease.
The standard potential of the cell consisting of
the Zn2+/Zn half-cell and the SHE is _____.
Correct Answer: 0.76V
What is the pH of a 0.75 M HNO3 solution?
Correct Answer: 0.12
The equilibrium position of the reaction SO2(g)
+ Cl2(g) <==> SO2Cl2(g) can be shifted in the
forward direction by _____.
Correct Answer: Adding Cl2
Which of the following statements is false?
Correct Answer: "A catalyst increases
the rate of the forward reaction, but does not
alter the reverse rate."
When the reaction A → B + C is studied, a plot
of ln[A]t vs. time gives a straight line with a
negative slope. What is the order of the
reaction?
Correct Answer: first
"When the reaction Cu + HNO3 --> Cu2+ + NO +
H2O is balanced in acidic solution, the
coefficient of H+ is _____."
Correct Answer: 6 Correct Answer:
Complete the following statement: A catalyst
Correct Answer: alters the reaction
mechanism.
The following reaction is at equilibrium at one
atmosphere, in a closed container.
NaOH(s) + CO2(g) ↔ NaHCO3(s)
Which, if any, of the following actions will
decrease the total amount of CO2 gas present
at equilibrium?
Correct Answer: Correct
decreasing the volume of the container
What is the pH of a 0.050 M LiOH solution?
Correct Answer: 12.7
"Kp is 158 for the equilibrium 2NO2(g) <==> 2
NO(g) + O2(g) Starting with NO2 (g) only, the
partial pressure of O2 at equilibrium is 0.25
atm. Calculate the partial pressure [atm] of NO2
at equilibrium."
A student adds 0.1 mol of oxalic acid and 0.1
mol of sodium dihydrogen phosphate to enough
water to make 1.0 L of solution. The following
equilibrium is established with the
concentrations of the products greater than the
concentrations of the reactants. Which of the
statements about the equilibrium system is
correct?
H2C2O4(aq) + H2PO4-(aq) ↔ HC2O4-(aq) +
H3PO4(aq)
Correct Answer: Phosphoric acid is a
weaker acid than oxalic acid.
"As a result of beta decay, the product nucleus
is "
Correct Answer: one atomic number
higher than the original element.
The process _____ occurs spontaneously under
standard state conditions.
Correct Answer: Fe3+ oxidizes I–
"When the concentrations of reactant
molecules are increased, the rate of reaction
increases. The best explanation for this
phenomenon is that as the reactant
concentration increases,"
Correct Answer: the frequency of
molecular collisions increases
Write the mass-action expression, Qc, for the
following chemical reaction equation.
2C6H6(g) + 15O2(g) 12CO2(g) + 6H2O(g)
The reaction shown occurs in a gaseous phase.
Once equilibrium has been achieved in a
particular reaction vessel, additional HI gas is
injected directly into the reaction vessel.
Compared to the initial conditions, which of the
following statements is correct after the new
equilibrium has been achieved?
Correct Answer: d. The amount of I2
will have increased.
The equilibrium pressure of NO2 in the
equilibrium N2O4(g) <==> 2 NO2(g) is 1.56 atm.
Its pressure on the addition of a catalyst will be
_____.
Correct Answer: 1.56 atm
_____ faradays of electricity are required to
reduce one mole of MnO4– to Mn2+.
Correct Answer: 5
The reaction A → B is first-order overall and
first-order with respect to the reactant A. The
result of doubling the initial concentration of A
will be to
Correct Answer: double the initial rate
The dose unit of ionizing radiation is called the
rad. The rad is defined in terms of
Correct Answer: the energy deposited
per gram of an object.
A reaction mechanism usually is
Correct Answer: "difficult, if not
impossible, to prove"
Which can alter the value of the equilibrium
constant?
Correct Answer: Temperature
For what order reaction does the half-life get
longer as the initial concentration increases?
Correct Answer: zeroth order Correct Answer: True
The reaction _____ is spontaneous. The substance Ba(OH)2 is considered
Correct Answer: MnO4– oxidizing Fe to Correct Answer: a strong Arrhenius
Fe2+ base
"The decay of U-238 to Pb-206 can be used to "When the reaction Cu + HNO3 --> Cu2+ + NO +
estimate the age of inorganic matter. The half- H2O is balanced in acidic solution, the
life of U-238 is 4.5 x 10^9 years. In a particular coefficient of H+ is _____."
rock sample, the ratio of the numbers of Pb-206 Correct Answer: 6
to U-238 atoms is 0.66. Assume all of the Pb- The Arrhenius equation is k = A e-(Ea/RT). The
206 present is due to the decay of U-238. What slope of a plot of ln k vs. 1/T is equal to
is the age of the rock?" Correct Answer: -Ea /R
Correct Answer: c. 3.3x 109 yr Which one of the following substances will give
The standard emf of the cell involving Mg/Mg2+ an aqueous solution of pH closest to 7?
and Cu/Cu2+ half-cell reactions is _____. Correct Answer: KNO3
Correct Answer: 2.71V The relation connecting DG° and E° is _____.
_____ Faradays are required to liberate 32 g of Correct Answer: DG° = –nFE°
O2 in the electrolysis of H2O. Which of the following affects the activation
Correct Answer: 4 energy of a reaction?
"The decay of U-238 to Pb-206 can be used to Correct Answer: presence of a catalyst
estimate the age of inorganic matter. The half- Changing the amount of reactant or product in
life of U-238 is 4.5 x 10^9 years. In a particular an equilibrium reaction will always change the
rock sample, the ratio of the numbers of Pb-206 equilibrium position, regardless of the physical
to U-238 atoms is 0.66. Assume all of the Pb- state of the substance involved.
206 present is due to the decay of U-238. What Correct Answer: True
is the age of the rock?" "The half-life of radioactive carbon is
Correct Answer: b. 3.3x 109 yr approximately 5700 years. If a sample is found
The reaction system CS2(g) + 4H2(g) ↔ CH4(g) to have 7000 atoms after 6000 years, how many
+ 2H2S(g) is at equilibrium. Which of the atoms were presents initially?"
following statements describes the behavior of Correct Answer: a. 14500 atoms
the system if the partial pressure of carbon "What is the value of Kc for the reaction CO2(g)
disulfide is reduced? + H2(g) <==> H2O(g) + CO(g) when the
Correct Answer: As equilibrium is equilibrium concentrations of CO, H2, CO2, and
reestablished, the partial pressure of carbon H2O are 0.050 M, 0.045 M, 0.086 M and 0.040
disulfide increases. M respectively?"
Which of the following statements concerning Correct Answer: 0.52
reversible reactions is false?
Correct Answer: a. Concentration have
no effect on the direction of the reaction
Which one of the following is a strong acid?
Correct Answer: H2SO4
Once a reaction system reaches equilibrium, the
concentrations of reactions and products no
longer change.
Correct Answer: True
Changing the amount of reactant or product in
an equilibrium reaction will always change the
equilibrium position, regardless of the physical
state of the substance involved.