5 - 33

Shan Chen and Shan Xia, who are twins, just received $30,000 each for their
25thbirthday. They both have aspirations to become millionaires. Each plans to make
a $5,000 contribution to her “early retirement fund” on her birthday, beginning a year
from today. Shan Chen opened an account with the Asian Regional Bond Fund, a
mutual fund that invests in high-quality bonds whose investors have earned 6 percent
per year in the past. Shan Xia invested in the First RenewableTech Fund, which
invests in small, newly issued bio-tech stocks and whose investors on average have
earned 20 percent per in the fund’s relatively short history

a. If the two women’s funds earned the same returns in the future as in the past,
how old will each be when she becomes a millionaire?

b. b.How large would Shan Chen’s annual contributions have to be for her to
become a millionaire at the same age as Shan Xia, assuming their expected
returns are realized?

c. is it rational or irrational for Shan Chen to invest in the bond fund rather than in
stocks?

Answer :

- Shan Chen
 PV $30 000
 PMT = $5000
 I = 6%
 FV = $1 000 000 setelah n tahun

- Shan Xia
 PV $30000
 PMT = $5000
 I = 20%
 FV = $1 000 000 setelah n tahun

$30000 $5000 $5000 $5000 $5000 $5000 $5000

0 1 2 3 4 5
n 25 + n
- Shan Chen :

1 000 000 = FVA + FV ($30000)

FV = $30000 (1+0,06)N
FVAN = PMT  (1+I)n – 1)
I
= $5000 ((1,06)N – 1)

0,06
N = 38,74

- Shan Xia

1 000 000 = FVA + FV ($30000)

FV = $30000 (1+0,2)N
FVAN = PMT  (1+I)N – 1)
I

= $5000 ((1,2)N – 1)

0,2
N = 16,04

a. Pencapaian $1 000 000

* Shan Chen will be 64 years old
25 + 38.74 = 63.74  64
* Shan Xia will be 42 years old
25 + 16.04 = 41.04  42

b. Required Payment = $35,825.35

N = 16,04
I=6
PV = 30000
FV = -1000000
PMT = 0.06 x 16,04 x 30000 x -1000000
= $35,825.33.

c. Sebagaimana jargon dalam investasi “High Risk High Return”, Investasi yang
dilakukan Shan Chen dengan membeli obligasi aman dan berisiko rendah
sehingga waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai tujuannya memiliki $ 1 000
000 membutuhkan waktu lebih lama dibanding Shan Xia yang
menginvestasikan uangnya pada saham dimana tingkat risikonya tinggi
namun keuntungan yang didapat lebih besar, maka waktu yang dibutuhkan
 Shan Xia mencapai tujuan $1 000 000 lebih singkat. Namun memiliki risiko
kehilangan seluruh dana yang diinvestasikan.
Jadi investasi yang dilakukan Shan Chen maupun Shan Xia tidak bias
dikatakan rasional atau tidak. karena tergantung keberanian investor terhadap
risiko investasi yang menjadi pilihannya.

5 – 43

A father is now planning a savings program to put his daughter through college. She
is 13, she plans to enroll at the university in 5 years, and she should graduate in 4
years. Currently, the annual cost (for everything – food, clothing, tuition, books,
transportation, and so forth) is $15,000 but these costs are expected to increase by 5
percent annually. The college requires that this amount be paid at the start of the year.
She now has $7,500 in a college savings account that pays 6 percent annually. The
father will make 6 equal annual deposits into her account; the first deposit today and
the 6th on the day she starts college. How large must each of the 6 payments be?
[Hint: Calculate the cost (inflated at 5 percent) for each year of college, then find the
total present value of those costs, discounted at 6 percent, as of the day she enters
college. Then find the compounded value of her initial $7,500 on that same day. The
difference between the PV costs and the amount that would be in the savings account
must be made up by the father’s deposits, so find the 6 equal payments (starting
immediately) that will compound to the required amount.]

Answer :

Besar biaya saat ini =$15,000 per tahun

Inflasi = 5%
Usia anak = 13 tahun
Usia kuliah = 18 tahun
Usia lulus kuliah = 21 tahun

College Current Years Inflation Cash

Year Cost From Now Adjustment Required

1 15000 5 (1.05)5 19.144.22

2 15000 6 (1.05)6
20.101,4
3 15000 7 (1.05)7 21.106,51
4 15000 8 (1.05)8 22.161,83

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
I | | | | | | | |
-19,144 –20,101 –21,107 –22,162
NPV = CF0 + CF1

How much must be accumulated by age 18 to provide these payments at ages 18

through 21 if the funds are invested in an account paying 6%, compounded
annually?

CF0 = 19144
CF1 = 20101
CF2 = 21107
CF3 = 22162
I=6
NPV = ……. rumus
= $75,500.00.
Ayah harus mengumpulkan $75,500 saat usia anaknya 18 tahun.

Uang anak = $7,500

Usia saat ini = 13
Bunga = 6%
N=6
FV ?
FV = $10,037: $7,500(1.06)5 = $10,036.69 ≈ $10,037.

Uang yang harus dikumpulkan ayah = $75,500 – $10,037 = $65,463.

Using a financial calculator, N = 6, I/YR = 6, PV = 0, and FV = -65463. PMT =

$9,384.95 ≈ $9,385.