ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

For the preparation and presentation of seminar considerable amount of hard work, dedication,
research and motivation were required. To make the best out consistent amount of support was
extended to me by various individuals which needs to be acknowledged.

Firstly, I thank almighty for giving me the strength and presence of mind to present this seminar
in a satisfactory manner.

I would like to express my deep gratitude to Prof T. M. Mohan, whose supervision helped me
for the timely presentation of the seminar with least possible error.I extend my sincere thanks to
Dr. S. Sunilkumar and Dr. Rajkumar M. R who showed great interest on the topic presented
 ABSTRACT

In this study the heat transfer characteristics of TiO2-Water nanofluids as a coolant in concentric
tube heat exchanger and the result comparison with basic coolant medium (water) are presented.
The heat exchanger is fabricated from copper concentric inner tube with length 1000mm. The
study is carried out considering the inlet flow rate of hot and cold fluids, Reynolds number and
composition of nanofluids on concentric tube heat exchanger. The study reveals the higher value
of average heat transfer rates for nanofluids as compared to water (commonly used cooling
medium) and this increase with increase in concentration of nanofluid composition. The
determination of thermophysical properties of nanofluids is also explained. The results find its
application in efficient design of concentric tube heat exchangers.
 CONTENTS

Nomenclature
List of tables
List of figures and graphs
Chapters Page
1. Introduction 01
2. Experimental Setup 02
3. Data Processing 04
4. Uncertainty 06
5. Results and Discussion 07
6. Conclusion 13
7. References 14
 NOMENCLATURE

Symbol/ Description Unit

Abbreviations

1. As Total heat transfer surface area of the concentric m2

tube heat exchanger
2. H Average heat transfer coefficient W/(m2 K)
3. Knf Thermal conductivity of the nanofluids W/(m K)
4. kw Thermal conductivity of the base fluid W/(m K)
5. kp Thermal conductivity of the nanoparticles W/(m K)
6. kw Thermal conductivity of thewall of concentric W/(m K)
tube heat exchanger
7. L The length of concentric tube heat exchanger m
8. mnf Mass flow rate of the nanofluids kg/s
9. Nu Nusselt number -
10. Qnf Heat transfer rate by the nanofluids W
11. qC Volumetric flow rate LPM
12. Re Nanofluid Reynolds number -
13. Tin,nf Inlet temperatures of the nanofluids °C
14. Tout,nf Outlet temperatures of the nanofluids °C
15. ΔTLMTD Logarithm mean temperature difference °C
16. Unf Nanofluid velocity m/s
17. LPM Liter per minute m3/s
18. ρnf Density of the nanofluids kg/m3
19. ρp Density of the nanoparticles kg/m3
20. ρw Density of the base fluid kg/m3
21. ϕ Volume fraction of the nanoparticles %
22. Cpnf Heat capacity of the nanofluids J/(kg k)
23. Cpw Heat capacity of the base fluid J/(kg k)
24. Cpp Heat capacity of the nanoparticles J/(kg k)
LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO Page
1. Thermophysical properties of working fluids 03
and nanoparticles
2. Measuring instrument range and accuracy 04
3. Analytical models on thermal conductivity of nanofluids 06
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURES Page
1. Schematic representation of experimental set up 04
2. Variation of overall heat transfer coefficient for 08
different coolant Reynolds number
3. Variation of Nusselt number for different coolant 09
Reynolds number
4. Variation of overall heat transfer coefficient 1 LPM 10
hot fluid flow rate for different coolant volumetric
flow rate (LPM) and temperature
5. Variation of heat supplied to coolant at different 11
volumetric flow rates (LPM) of coolant
6. Variation of overall heat transfer coefficient for 12
different volumetric flow rates (LPM) of coolant
(2% nanofluids)
7. Variation of overall heat transfer coefficient for 13
different volumetric flow rates (LPM) of coolant
(3% nanofluids)