DANCE – a series of movements that follow the speed and rhythm of a piece of music.

Dance is one of the

most beautiful forms of art that has grown in leaps and bounds. Dance is no longer just a hobby; it is also one of
the most lucrative professions as well. Besides, dance therapy is very much in vogue these days simply because
the experience of dancing helps a person to heal from within. Dance is a form of expression that helps a person
bring forth who they are, and what they're passionate about
FEATURE: • Movement of body which includes hand, arm and head.
• Movement from one space to another.

WHY DO PEOPLE DANCE?

 It has been used in worship.
• It plays a role in courtship.
• It serves as a form of acquaintance for man and woman.
• It is an expression of one feelings.
• As in old times, it brings magical power to people.
• It brings victory or somehow restores health to life.
• It serves to entertain others.
• It gives beauty and inspiration to others.
• It is use as whole-body workout.

TYPES OF DANCES
A. TRADITIONAL (FOLK & ETHNIC)
B. MODERN CONTEMPORARY
C. CHEER DANCE
D. HIP-HOP / STREET DANCE
E. BALLROOM (RECREATIONAL AND COMPETITIVE)
F. FESTIVAL DANCE

A. TRADITIONAL (FOLK & ETHNIC DANCE)

FOLK DANCE – A dance developed by the people on a certain or region.
ETHNIC DANCE – An indigenous dance from a certain race or country.

FILIPINO FOLK DANCES

DUGSO - Prayer of thanksgiving and invocation for protection. The Dugso of the Manobos in Bukidnon, is danced
during harvest time and upon the birth of a male heir. Colorful costumes and ornaments enhance the appearance
of the participants: women wearing feathered headdress and plaid costumes steps rhythmically, some using bell
anklets as the sole accompaniment, to punctuate their movements, others use bamboo drums, still others,
bamboo guitars. A fire is lit in the belief that the smoke will carry the offering up to the gods.

BINANOGBANOG - is inspired from the movement of a "banog," a Filipino term for eagle derived from "tabanog"
or kite. A courtship dance, it portrays the flight of the bird through lively choregraphy with hands and legs. Just
like how a male banog follows a female banog, the male dancer must be observant on the changes of the girl
dancer's steps in order to pursue her.

OBANDO - are a dance ritual and Catholic festival celebrated every May 17 – 19 in Obando, Bulacan, Philippines.
Long dancing processions through the streets, and frenzied devotion inside the church.

KUMINTANG - is the name given to several distinct styles, techniques and forms in music and dance probably
originating in the areas used by early Spanish cartographers and chronicles to denote a large province centering
around what is known as Batangas.
 SAKUTING - originally performed solely by boys, portrays a mock fight using sticks. A sakuting stick is striped or
bamboo and is about 1½ feet long and tapered at the end, like a candle. Its original use was for combat training.

TINIKLING- is a traditional Philippine folk dance which originated during the Spanish colonial era. The dance
involves two people beating, tapping, and sliding bamboo poles on the ground and against each other in
coordination with one or more dancers who step over and in between the poles in a dance.

B. MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY

MODERN DANCE – was developed in the early 1900s, the time when dancers came out against the stiffness and
restraints of classical ballet. It created its own techniques, costumes, shoes, and gave more attention to self-
expression and individual creativity rather than technical expertise. It allows dancers and choreographers to
create steps using their moods and emotions producing a more relaxed dance style.

CONTEMPORARY DANCE – may include techniques that are found in ballet and modern dance such as floor work,
fall and recovery, improvisation, even incorporating yoga, pilates, and martial arts together with techniques
introduced by such famous dancers as Graham, Hawkins, Horton, and Cunningham.

Modern dance focuses on emotions and moods while contemporary dance focuses on creating new techniques
and movements.

C. CHEER DANCE
Cheer dance - is an organized sports activity involving short routines that combine dance, gymnastics, and stunt
elements to cheer on teams, most commonly in basketball and football. Performers of these one to three-minute
routines are called "cheerleaders". Cheerleading originated in Britain and spread to the United States where it
remains most common, but has also become popular in other parts of the world, such as Europe, Central America,
Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Asia.

D. HIP-HOP AND STREET DANCE

HIP-HOP DANCE - originated from a cultural movement that began in 1970’s New York. The movement also
includes Djing, rapping, and graffiti. The Hip Hop dance style incorporates locking, popping, breakin, house and
more recently krumping, which are all standalone individual dance forms in themselves.

STREET DANCE - evolved from Hip Hop dance as the term ‘street’ comes from the fact that the dance style didn’t
originate in dance studios but on the streets and clubs among groups of people.

E. BALLROOM (RECREATIONAL & COMPETITIVE)

Ballroom dance is a set of partner dances, which are enjoyed both socially and competitively around the world.
Ballroom dance is also widely enjoyed on (stage, film, and television.) The term 'ballroom dancing' is derived from
the word ball which in turn originates from the Latin word ballare which means 'to dance' (a ball-room being a
large room specially designed for such dances). The definition of ballroom dance also depends on the era: balls
have featured popular dances of the day such as the Minuet, Quadrille, Polonaise, Polka, Mazurka, and others,
which are now considered to be historical dances.

F. FESTIVAL DANCE - an organized event where dance performance is celebrated. Dance festivals may
include competitions for individual dancers or teams, or may simply serve as a cultural event focused on dance.
Some dance festivals seek to show off talented regional, national, or international dance companies in all
categories, while others focus on the performance of a specific style of dance
Ati-Atihan Festival 3rd Sunday of January  The Ati-Atihan Festival is a feast held in honor of the Santo Niño
held annually in January concluding on third Sunday, in the town of Kalibo, Aklan in the Philippines.  Celebrants
paint their faces with black soot and wear bright, outlandish costumes as they dance in revelry during the last
three days of this two week-long festival.

Sinulog 3rd Sunday of January  The festival honors the child Jesus, known as the Santo Niño (Holy Child),
patron of the city of Cebu. It is a dance ritual that commemorates the Cebuano people’s pagan origin, and their
acceptance of Christianity.  The festival features a street parade with participants in bright-colored costumes
dancing to the rhythm of drums, trumpets, and native gongs.

Dinagyang 4th Sunday of January  The Dinagyang is a religious and cultural festival in Iloilo City, Philippines
held on the fourth Sunday of January.  Dinagyang was voted as the best Tourism Event for 2006, 2007 and
2008 by the Association of Tourism Officers in the Philippines.

Panagbenga Festival Whole Month of February  The festival in Baguio was created as a tribute to the city’s
flowers and as a way to rise up from the devastation of the 1990 Luzon earthquake.  The festival includes floats
that are decorated with flowers unlike those used in Pasadena’s Rose Parade. The festival also includes street
dancing, presented by dancers clad in flowerinspired costumes, that is inspired by the Bendian, an Ibaloi dance
of celebration that came from the Cordillera region.

Kaamulan second half of February to March 10  The Kaamulan Festival is a Bukidnon ethniccultural festival,
from the Binukid word amul, “to gather”, is an indigenous Bukidnon term for a gathering for any purpose.  The
Festival is held in Malaybalay City from the second half of February to March 10, the anniversary date of the
foundation of Bukidnon as a province in 1917, to celebrate the culture and tradition of the seven ethnic tribal
groups— Bukidnon, Higaonon, Talaandig, Manobo, Matigsalug, Tigwahanon and Umayamnon—that originally
inhabited the province.

Moriones Holy Week  The Moriones is an annual festival held on Holy Week on the island of Marinduque. 
The “Moriones” are men and women in costumes and masks replicating the garb of biblical Roman soldiers as
interpreted by local folks – Morion means “mask” or “visor,” a part of the medieval Roman armor which covers
the face.

Maleldo / Cutud Lenten Rites Good Friday  Every year on Good Friday or the Friday before Easter a dozen
or so penitents – mostly men but with the occasional woman – are taken to a rice field in the barrio of San Pedro
Cutud, 3km (2 miles) from the proper of City of San Fernando, Pampanga and nailed to a cross using two-inch
(5 cm) stainless steel nails that have been soaked in alcohol to disinfect them.

Turumba Between April and May  Every year during the months of April and may, the people of Pakil, in the
province of Laguna celebrates the Turumba Festival.  It commemorates the seven sorrows of the Blessed Virgin
Mary. It is held 7 times each year between the months of April and May.  The first is held on the Friday before
Palm Sunday and the last falls on Pentecost Sunday.

Flores de Mayo & Santacruzan 1st May – 31st May  Flores de Mayo is a Catholic festival held in the Philippines
in the month of May.  Santacruzan is the queen of Maytime festivals. It is a novena procession, in
commemoration of Saint Helena’s finding of the cross. Saint Helena was the mother of Constantine the Great.

Carabao Festival 14th May – 15th May  Begining May 14th, the people of Pulilan in Bulacan Province, San
Isidro in Nueva Ecija Province, and Angono in Rizal Province celebrate for two days.  On the first day, farmers
pay pay homage to the beast of burden which is the farmer’s best friend – the lowly carabao.  In the afternoon,
farmers lead their carabaos to the church square to be part of the procession. At the church, the carabaos kneel
for their blessings.  On the second day, the carabaos compete in a friendly race.

Pahiyas Festival 15th May  Lucban celebrates the Pahiyas Festival in honor of the patron saint of farmers, St.
Isidore.  This festival showcases a street of houses which are adorned with fruits, vegetables, agricultural
products, handicrafts and kiping, a rice-made decoration, which afterwards can be eaten grilled or fried. The
houses are judged and the best one is proclaimed the winner.

Obando Fertility Rites 17th May – 19th May  “Santa Clarang pinong-pino, Ang pangako ko ay ganito,
Pagdating ko sa Obando, Sasayaw ako ng pandanggo.”  The Obando Fertility Rites are a Filipino dance ritual.
Every year during the month of May, to the tune of musical instruments made out of bamboo materials, the men,
women and children of Obando, Bulacan, Philippines wear traditional dance costumes to dance on the streets
followed by the images of their patron saints San Pascual Baylon (St. Paschal), Santa Clara (St. Clare) and
Nuestra Señora de Salambao (Our Lady of Salambao), while singing the song Santa Clara Pinung-Pino.  The
feast days or dance festivals are held for three consecutive days: May 17 for St. Paschal, May 18 for St. Claire
and May 19 for the Our Lady of Salambaw.  What makes the Obando fiesta unique among Philippine festivals
is the dance performed in the streets by the childless women.

PINTADOS FESTIVAL 29th June  The Pintados-Kasadyaan Festival is a merrymaking event lasting a whole
month, highlights of which include the Leyte Kasadyaan Festival of Festivals, the Pintados Festival Ritual Dance
Presentation and the Pagrayhak Grand Parade.  The Leyteños celebrate a religious festival in a unique and
colorful way. Since the Visayans are experienced in the art of body tattooing, men and women are fond of
tattooing themselves.

SANDUGO FESTIVAL July 1-2  The Spanish colonization of the Philippines began with a blood-sealed peace
treaty on the shores of Bohol. This historic event is remembered today with an all-out fiesta at the island's capital
city.  Check out the Sandugo street dancing parade featuring ten colorfully-dressed groups dancing to the beat
of drums.  There's also a traditional Filipino carnival, a martial arts festival, and Miss Bohol Sandugo Beauty
Pageant, among the dozen of other exciting activities.

Kadayawan Festival Third week of August  The Kadayawan Festival is an annual festival in the city of Davao
in the Philippines.  Its name derives from the friendly greeting “Madayaw”, from the Dabawenyo word “dayaw”,
meaning good, valuable, superior or beautiful.  The festival is a celebration of life, a thanksgiving for the gifts of
nature, the wealth of culture, the bounties of harvest and serenity of living.

Penafrancia Fluvial Third Saturday and Sunday of September  The Peñafrancia Festival in Naga City,
Camarines Sur, Bicol Region. During the festivities, people attend church services, followed by parades on the
streets, fireworks, and feasting.  The ninth day, usually falling on the third Saturday of September, is marked
by a fluvial procession.  The image of the Virgin Mary is carried on a barge which is trailed by thousands of
devotees in boats gliding alongside. People who line the river banks shout “Viva la Virgen! as the Virgin passes
by.

ZAMBOANGA HERMOSA FESTIVAL Date: October 10-12  All roads in Mindanao lead to Zamboanga, as the
"City of Flowers" celebrates its grand, annual Hermosa Festival.  The vintas, those colorful native sea boats,
once again make their appearance in a fastpaced, race-till-you-drop regatta.  There's also a wealth of cultural
and flower shows, art exhibits, and trade fairs. It's an allout celebration of life - Chavacano style!

MassKara Festival 3rd weekend nearest to 19th October  The MassKara Festival is a week-long festival held
each year in Bacolod City, the capital of Negros Occidental province.  The festival features a street dance
competition where people from all walks of life troop to the streets to see colorfully-masked dancers gyrating to
the rhythm of Latin musical beats in a display of mastery, gaiety, coordination and stamina.  The word MassKara
has a double meaning. First, it is a fusion of the English word “mass” or many and “kara”, the Spanish word for
“face.” MassKara then becomes a “mass of faces,” and these faces have to be smiling to project Bacolod already
known in the late 70’s as the City of Smiles.

Lanzones Festival 25th October  Each year there is a Lanzones Festival held in October. The week-long
festival is one of the more colorful events in the Philippines.  The Lanzones festival celebrated its 30th
Anniversary last October 2009.
Higantes 23rd November  Angono celebrates the “Higantes Festival” which coincides with the Feast of Saint
Clement, the Patron Saint of Angono.  Higantes Festival is now promoted as tourismgenerating event in the
country. This attracts numerous tourist from all over the world.  The higantes are made of paper-mache.
Higantes measures four to five feet in diameter and ten to twelve feet in height.  Traditionally, it began in the
last century when Angono was a Spanish hacienda. This higantes was influenced by the Mexican art form of
paper-mache brought by the Spanish priests to the Philippines.

Giant Lanterns Festival December – Saturday before Christmas Eve  The Giant Lanterns Festival is an annual
festival held in December (Saturday before Christmas Eve) in the City of San Fernando in the Philippines.  The
festival features a competition of giant lanterns. Because of the popularity of the festival, the city has been
nicknamed the “Christmas Capital of the Philippines”.