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Scrubber
Scrubber in Ships Gas Scrubber Scrubber Systems

Introduction

Since May 2005, specific

environmentally friendly
MARPOL regulations have
been in force that stipulates
that emissions from main and
auxiliary machinery are kept
within specific limits. They
require, for instance, reduction
of sulphur oxide combinations
(SOx), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxide combinations (NOx). At the MPEC
58th it was decided that exhaust gas treatment system is approved for reducing sulfur
(SOx) emissions from ships.

Some option available for reducing SOx emission today are: 1. switch fuel to a fuel
with low sulfur content, 2. switching to natural gas as a fuel and 3. introduce an
exhaust gas treatment plant, scrubber, which I intend to describe below.

Scrubber – Exhaust Gas Treatement

Scrubber is a system that is designed to by the use of water wash the exhaust gases
from main, auxiliary and boilers to remove sulfur dioxide (SO2) which is a toxic gas,
that is directly harmful to human health. There different designs in the market today
however they could be divided into two categories, open and closed types. Power
consumption of operating a scrubber system is typically between 1-2% of main engine
power.
 Open type Scrubber
The open type uses sea water
to wash the exhaust gases.
The wash water is then
treated and discharged back
to sea, with the natural
chemical composition of the
seawater being used to
neutralize the results of
SO2removal. Open seawater
typically systems use
45m3/MW h for scrubbing.

Closed type Scrubber

The closed type uses fresh
water in “closed” fresh
water circuit that is treated
with an alkaline chemical such
as caustic soda neutralization
and scrubbing. The wash
water is re-circulated and the
losses is made up with
additional freshwater. A small
quantity of the wash water is
bled off to a treatment plant before discharge to sea. Typically closed freshwater
systems have a discharge rate of 0.1- 0.3m3/MW h. The system could also be
designed with a holding tank for zero discharge for a certain period.

Sources and more information on the subject could be found here: EGCSA, Aalborg
& wikipeida

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