NCM 106

PHARMACOLOGY

Submitted by: Pansa, Shandy

BSN-RUBY II

Submitted to: Mrs. Nenette Oguis

Instructor
 SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF

HYPERGLYCEMIA

1. Fatigue.

Feeling overly tired, weak, or fatigued are non-specific symptoms and may also be signs
of low blood sugar. But it's important to get any fatigue checked out that doesn't go away
with adequate rest.

2. Headaches.

Headaches are incredibly common, so it helps to know what kind of headache you're
dealing with (migraines, for instance). However, any new, chronic headache deserves to
be discussed with your doctor.

3. Blurred vision.

Excess amounts of glucose in your blood can end up affecting your retina, causing a
condition called diabetic retinopathy. As a result, you might notice blurred vision
and extra floaters.

4. Frequent urination.

That extra glucose can also affect your kidneys, which are responsible for removing the
excess water from your blood to produce urine. Having too much glucose in your blood
can damage blood vessels in your kidneys, which makes this filtering process less efficient
and causes you to pee more.
5. Increased thirst.

According to Dr. Adimoolam, feeling like you need to drink more than usual is a natural
side effect of peeing more often.

If your high blood sugar symptoms are left untreated, they may become more obvious and
severe over the course of a few days or weeks.

6. Difficulty concentrating.

7. Dry mouth.

8. Increased hunger.

9. Confusion.

10. Shortness of breath.

11. Abdominal pain.

 SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF

HYPOGLYCEMIA

Early signs and symptoms of diabetic hypoglycemia include:

 Shakiness
 Dizziness
 Sweating
 Hunger
 Irritability or moodiness
 Anxiety or nervousness
 Headache

Night time symptoms

Diabetic hypoglycemia can also occur while you sleep. Signs and symptoms, which can
awaken you, include:

 Damp sheets or bedclothes due to perspiration

 Nightmares
 Tiredness, irritability or confusion upon waking

Severe symptoms

If diabetic hypoglycemia goes untreated, signs and symptoms of severe hypoglycemia can
occur. These include:
  Clumsiness or jerky movements
 Muscle weakness
 Difficulty speaking or slurred speech
 Blurry or double vision
 Drowsiness
 Confusion
 Convulsions or seizures
 Unconsciousness
 Death
Take your symptoms seriously. Diabetic hypoglycemia can increase the risk of serious —
even deadly — accidents. Identifying and correcting the factors contributing to
hypoglycemia, such as medications you take or irregular mealtimes, can prevent serious
complications.

Informing people you trust, such as family, friends and co-workers, about hypoglycemia is
important. Their knowing what symptoms to look for and what to do in case you're not
able to help yourself can make a potentially difficult situation easier to manage. It's also
important that they know how to give you a glucagon injection, in case it becomes
necessary.

Symptoms can differ from person to person or from time to time, so it's important to
monitor your blood sugar levels regularly and keep track of how you're feeling when your
blood sugar is low. Some people don't have or don't recognize early symptoms
(hypoglycemia unawareness). If you have hypoglycemia unawareness, you may require a
higher glucose goal range.