IEC Documents

Electrical Safety costs little …
A human life is priceless !
A comparison of International (IEC) and

American (NFPA) power supply systems for
healthcare-facilities
© Bender GmbH & Co. KG · 35305 Grünberg · Germany · www.bender-de.com · F xxxx / 200x · rights reserved to modification · Folie Nr. 1
Standards for electrical installations in medical locations
World map - dated 1994
Standards for electrical installations in medical locations
World map - dated 2007
IEC vs. NFPA – The background
IEC NFPA
IEC stands for: NFPA stands for:
International Electro technical Commission National Fire Protection Association

Geneva, CH Quincy, MA, USA
IEC vs. NFPA – The standards
IEC NFPA
Relevant Standards for medical applications: Relevant Standards for medical applications:
 IEC 60364-7-710 Electrical Safety for  NFPA 70 National Electrical Code

Hospitals and …  NFPA 70B Practice for Electrical
 DIN VDE 0100-710 Electrical Power Supply  Equipment Maintenance
in medical Applications  NFPA 70E Electrical Safety in the
 IEC 60364-4-41 Protection for Safety and Workplace
against Electrical Shock  NFPA 99 Health Care Facilities
 IEC 60364-5-54 EarthingArrangements  UL 1022 Standard for Safety Line
Isolation Monitors
 IEC 60479-1 Effect of current on
 CSA Z32.2 Electrical Safety and
human beings / livestock Essential Electrical
Systems in Health Care
Facilities
 NEC Article 516 Hazardous location
 UL 1047 Isolated Power Systems
Equipment
 AS 3003 Hospital wiring rules
IEC vs. NFPA – The measuring principle
IEC NFPA
The IEC-Standard requests the The NFPA-standard requests the

measurement of insulation-resistance measurement of resistive, capacitive or hybrid
between an unearthed system and earth: fault currents to ground. This information will
provide an estimation when:
a) At all times (continuously) in kOhm
a) At all times (continuously) in mA
b) Earth fault location is optional
The A-Isometer (absolute) monitors the The LIM (Line Insulation Monitor) detects the
insulation-resistance (in Ohm) and triggers a fault, calculates the Total Hazard Current
visual and audible alarm when the (THC), which could possibly flow under
resistance, the total load-amount or the extreme circumstances and initiates a visual
isolation-transformer-temperature are critical. and audible alarm.
In addition fault location can be provided.
IEC vs. NFPA – The system
IEC NFPA
The A-Isometer is continuously measuring the The Line Insulation Monitor (LIM) is continuously
insulation-resistance of an unearthed AC- or DC- monitoring the leakage impedance in an
Network and will trigger a visible and audible alarm ungrounded AC-Network. Based on this
at a preset threshold value. It will display the information the maximum Total Hazard Current
amount of insulation-resistance in Ohm. It also (THC) is calculated and displayed. The LIM will
monitors the load- current and the transformer- trigger a visible and audible alarm at a preset
temperature. Earth fault location is optional to threshold (2 or 5 mA).
identify a faulty branch circuit.
IEC vs. NFPA – The monitors
IEC NFPA
The A-Isometer is connected to an unearthed The THC is displayed on a seven-

system 230VAC. When the resistance-level segment-display and a bar graph of the
falls below 50 kOhm (in industrial LIM. The THC-level will increase as
applications adjustable between 1 kOhm and additional loads are connected to the
10 MOhm) the resistive fault current to be a system as they contribute to the system
maximum of 4,6mA. The normal level of leakage capacitance. The LIM will trigger
insulation-resistance of an IT-system is > 10 an alarm when the THC exceeds 2 mA
MOhm. A current of 5 mA (NFPA) and 30 mA (Canada) or 5 mA (USA) which was
has been defined as not critical for human determined as the critical mark for fire-
health, even under critical conditions. security. The THC is also reduced due to
The normal kVA-rating of an IEC-IT-System reduced kVA-ratings of the IPS (Isolated
is between 3,15 and 8 kVA but IEC has also Power Systems).
allowed 10 kVA since 2007. Smaller systems
with 1,6, 2,0 and 2,5 kVA are compulsory
required in e.g. the Netherlands.
IEC vs. NFPA – The isolation transformers
IEC NFPA
The IEC-transformers pay attention to a The transformers as per NFPA require a

relatively low inrush current (max of 12 very low capacitive leakage current,
times IN peak), thus allowing a longer resulting in a very low maximal distance
cable distance (for example to install the between transformer and LIM (60 Hz-
transformer in the false ceiling) as well as Noise !!)
a much better short-circuit discrimination.
IEC vs. NFPA – The remotes
IEC NFPA
The IEC-remotes offer (in the MK2430- and The NFPA-remotes are housed in stainless
the MK800-version) text-displays which can steel, offer (in the new DRI) digital digits for
be programmed according to the e.g. room- the channel and the THC and also the
number and the number of the IT-system in minimum required LED’s and buttons.
addition to the minimum required LED’s and
buttons. The MK7-version offers the
minimum required LED’s and buttons.
NFPA-Solutions
Compact Isolated Power Systems (IPS) and accessories
Line Isolation Monitor (LIM)
Power and grounding

modules
Isolated power panel (IPP)

Surgical Facility Center
(SFC)
Multiple Isolated Power Panel
IEC Solutions
Compact Isolated Power Systems (IPS) and accessories
Isolated Power System

(IPS) – wall mounted
Transfer switch
remote indicator
Isolation transformer
Surgical Facility Panels (SFP)
IPS remote indicator

Isolated Power System
(IPS) floor standing Touch screen display

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Electrical Safety costs little …

A human life is priceless !

A comparison of International (IEC) and

IEC stands for: NFPA stands for:

International Electro technical Commission National Fire Protection Association

 IEC 60364-7-710 Electrical Safety for  NFPA 70 National Electrical Code

The IEC-Standard requests the The NFPA-standard requests the

The A-Isometer is connected to an unearthed The THC is displayed on a seven-

The IEC-transformers pay attention to a The transformers as per NFPA require a

Compact Isolated Power Systems (IPS) and accessories

Line Isolation Monitor (LIM)

Power and grounding

Isolated power panel (IPP)

Compact Isolated Power Systems (IPS) and accessories

Isolated Power System

Surgical Facility Panels (SFP)

IPS remote indicator

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