1.

1 Critically analyse the need for destination management:

Introduction
Destination management defines a process that involves coordinated actions aimed at
controlling the economic, socio-cultural and environmental dimensions of a specific tourism
territory. Local authorities and other actors in the area of tourism must follow the principles
of good governance in collaboration. It is central to the delivery of sustainable tourism as it
enables a territorial approach to the multi-sector, multi-stakeholder, multi-thematic matrix of
challenges and opportunities facing the development of tourism. It is also central to the
implementation of sustainable tourism, as actions taken within destinations at local and
regional level are best able to influence the impact of tourism.

Switzerland is a mountainous landlocked country in South Central Europe, bordered by

Austria, France, Germany, Italy and Liechtenstein. With an area of 41,285 km2, the country
is only slightly smaller than the Netherlands and just less than twice the size of the US state
of New Jersey. Switzerland has a population of 8.3 million (in 2015), Bern is the capital, and
Zurich is the largest city. The languages spoken are German, French, Italian and Romanian,
usually spoken in the various regions (cantons) of the state.

The tourism industry is one of the most important sectors of the economy in Switzerland and
employs about 4 per cent of the working population. Switzerland has a lot to offer tourists
with lakes, woods, mountains and clean air. The tourism industry is one of the main drivers
of the Swiss economy. With 35.6 million overnight stays in 2015, the Swiss tourism industry
generated around 2.8% of the country's gross domestic product, or a total of CHF 17.4
billion. More than 170,000 people (full-time equivalents) work in the tourism industry. In
2015, visitors from Germany had the most overnight stays in Europe (4 million).

2 Switzerland: Inbound tourism

Unit 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Total international Thousand .. .. .. .. ..
arrivals
Overnight visitors Thousand 8 608 8 294 8 628 8 534 8 566
(tourists) (1)
Same-day visitors Thousand .. .. .. .. ..
(excursionists)
Top markets
Germany Thousand 2 344 2 294 2 238 2 039 1 871
United States Thousand 652 610 680 669 687
France Thousand 671 686 701 681 669
United Kingdom Thousand 826 691 732 682 659
Italy Thousand 553 547 521 483 489
Nights in all means of Thousand .. .. .. .. ..
 accommodation
Hotels and similar Thousand 21 508 20 164 20 443 19 734 19 076
establishments
Other collective Thousand .. .. .. .. ..
establishments
Total international Million CHF 18 962 18 113 18 339 18 206 ..
receipts (2)
International travel Million CHF 15 598 15 377 15 356 15 185 14 983
receipts (2) p
International passenger Million CHF 3 364 2 736 2 983 3 021 ..
transport receipts

3 Switzerland: Outbound tourism

Unit 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Total international Thousand .. .. .. .. ..
departures
Overnight visitors Thousand .. .. .. .. ..
(tourists)
Same-day visitors Thousand .. .. .. .. ..
(excursionists)
Total international Million CHF 14 412 14 140 14 088 14 603 ..
expenditure (1)
International travel Million CHF 11 782 11 847 11 644 12 128 12 942
expenditure (1) p
International passenger Million CHF 2 630 2 293 2 444 2 475 ..
transport expenditure