Solutions Intermediate. Audio Scripts For SB - 2017. 3rd

Sue I know.
That’s why we’re revising together on

Intermediate Student’s Book Saturday. We arranged it last week.
audio scripts Dan I don’t remember that! Sorry! I’m going away on
Saturday.
Sue Like I said … you’re always forgetting things!
Introduction Dan Let’s revise when I get back on Sunday
afternoon.
1.02 Lesson IA, Exercise 2 Sue Sorry, I can’t. My parents are decorating the
house at the moment and I have to help.
Dave Hi, Anna. Did you have a good holiday?
Anna Yes, it was great, thanks.
1.04 Lesson IC, Exercise 2
Dave What did you get up to?
Ruby So this is your first school show, Mason. Are
Anna I went on a city break with my family.
you excited about it?
Dave Abroad?
Mason Yes, I am. But I’m anxious too. There’s going to
Anna No, we went to London. be a big audience!
Dave Cool. Did you have a good time? Ruby Don’t worry. They’re friendly!
Anna Yes, we visited the Tower of London and lots of Mason I hope so. Where’s Alex? He isn’t here yet.
museums. We went on a boat trip too.
Ruby That’s strange. He’s usually very punctual.
Dave Did you go on the London Eye?
Mason Maybe he’s too frightened to come.
Anna No, it was too expensive. How was your
Ruby Alex? No, it can’t be that. He’s a really confident
holiday?
person.
Dave Not bad. But I didn’t do much. We didn’t go
Miss Hart Hello, Mason. I had a message from Alex. He’s
away. I hung out with my friends. We went to a
ill and can’t perform tonight. He’s very upset
music festival and we visited a theme park a
about it. Can you sing his song in the second
couple of times.
half?
Anna Sounds fun.
Mason I know the song well, so maybe …
Dave Yes, it was OK. Just a shame the holidays
Miss Hart Thanks, Mason. That’s brave of you. Don’t
weren’t longer!
worry, you’ll be great.
Ruby You’ve got your own song now. How exciting!
1.03 Lesson IB, Exercise 2
Mason I know. But I’m terrified!
Sue You aren’t wearing your sports kit. PE starts in
ten minutes.
1.05 Lesson IC, Exercise 5
Dan I haven’t got my sports kit today.
Speaker 1
Sue You’re always forgetting things!
Dan Well, I don’t like PE, so I’m not feeling too sad Ooh, that’s a really nice phone. Is it new? Yes, it’s the latest
about it. model, isn’t it? I wish I had one like that. One day, maybe …
if I win the lottery.
Sue Sport is important. It makes you fit. What are
you doing instead? Speaker 2
Dan Mr Harley is giving me some extra maths Hang on, this doesn’t make sense. Tom said he was waiting
homework to do in the library. for me at the café. Now I’m at the café and he’s sending me
Sue That’s a shame. Mr Harley always gives us messages saying ‘Where are you?’ And there’s only one
really difficult homework. café in this part of town. It’s all very strange.
Dan I don’t mind. I need to do some extra work. We
have exams next week.
Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 1 Audio scripts

Speaker 3
Here’s my passport! It was in my jacket pocket all along! I
thought I’d lost it. Now I remember, I put it in my pocket as I
was leaving the plane. Phew! I was so worried for a while.
Speaker 4
Hey, Tom! Come over here a minute and help me with this.
Oh, I’m so sorry. I thought you were somebody else. He
looks a bit like you. I mean, from behind. Sorry, madam. My
fault. Silly mistake.
Speaker 5
I think somebody’s been using my phone. Look – it says
‘incorrect password’. But I haven’t entered the password yet.
Somebody else entered one and it was incorrect. Hmm. But
who? Who was in this room while I was in the kitchen?
Speaker 6
It’s my birthday tomorrow. I can’t wait! I’m having a big meal
with all my friends. We’re going to a Mexican restaurant in
town. We went there last year too. It was such a laugh!
1.06 Lesson ID, Exercise 3

Leah What are you up to at the weekend, Toby?
Toby I’m going to go for a bike ride on Saturday. Do
you fancy coming too?
Leah I can’t, I’m afraid. I’m going to help my dad with
some gardening. We’re going to do some work
for a neighbour.
Toby That doesn’t sound like the best way to spend
your weekend. Gardening is hard work! And
according to the forecast, the weather isn’t
going to be good.
Leah I know. But the neighbour is going to pay us for
it. And my dad’s a gardener so he’s got all the
right tools.
Toby Really? I’ll come and help you. I mean, if that’s
OK with you and your dad …
Leah Sure. We’ll share the money with you: £10 an
hour. But what about the bike ride?
Toby I’ll go on Sunday instead. The weather will
probably be better then. Do you want to come?
Leah Yes, please. I love bike rides. But let’s go in the
afternoon. I’ll be exhausted when I wake up!

2
Intermediate Student’s Book
Boy Tell me a bit about your background, Sandra.
audio scripts Girl Well, I grew up in the village where my family
has lived for generations. My great-great-
grandad moved here from Birmingham in the
Unit 1 1930s, looking for work.
Boy What kind of work did he find?
1.07 Lesson 1A, Exercise 2 Girl He found a job on a farm, just outside the
1 village. He settled down, married a local girl and
started a family. They worked incredibly hard
be an infant and over the years they managed to save quite
2 a bit of money and eventually bought a small
farmhouse with some land.
be a toddler
Boy And does your family still own that land?
3 Girl Yes, it does. My great-great-grandparents had a
be a young child son. When he got married, he bought more land
and now the farm is quite big. I don’t have any
4 brothers or sisters so one day I’ll inherit it and
be in your teens keep it running.
5 3
be an adult My mum met my dad while she was on holiday in France.

She’s British and he’s French. They fell in love, got engaged
6 after a week and were married a month later. And then I was
be in your twenties born! They named me Charlotte as it’s both an English and
a French name. Anyway, unfortunately the marriage didn’t
7 last. They split up when I was just a toddler and got divorced
be middle aged a few months later. I was brought up by my mum after she
moved back to the UK. It was tough for her being a single
8 parent. But she went to university, got a degree and then
be elderly became a teacher. She met my step-dad at university and
they’ve been married for about 10 years.
9
4
be a centenarian
My name’s Callum. My mum’s parents were from poor
working-class families in Glasgow. They left school at
1.08 Lesson 1A, Exercises 5 and 6 sixteen and didn’t go to university. But they started a
1 successful business and didn’t retire until they were in their
seventies. My mum inherited quite a bit of money when they
My name’s Bilal and I live in Bradford in the north of
passed away, but she didn’t want to work in the family
England. Both sets of my grandparents emigrated from
business and sold it. She moved south and settled down in
Pakistan in the 1960s, just before my parents were born. My
Liverpool. She got married and took an office job. But she
dad worked on the buses and my mum stayed at home and
soon wanted a change of career. I think she was fed up with
brought up the family. Dad would like a change of career but
the cold, wet weather too, because she persuaded my dad
it’s a bit late for him now to change jobs. I think he’s just
to emigrate to Australia when I was two. I’d love to visit
looking forward to retiring. I’ve got a sister who’s 25. She
Glasgow and Liverpool one day and see where my mum
didn’t leave home until last summer, when she got married.
and her parents lived before emigrating.
My dad wants me to go to university in Birmingham and
study law. But I think I’d like to start my own business,
creating computer games.

1.09 Lesson 1C, Exercise 4 Speaker 2
Speaker 1 When I was younger, I had a lot of arguments with my

parents … and with my sister too. I won a few of them, but
We’ve got a big family dinner tonight. I expect there’ll be an mostly I lost. Then I realised what I was doing wrong: I
argument. There usually is. That’s why I hate these dinners. wasn’t preparing for the arguments. So I started treating
They always end badly. them more like exams. I actually started revising for my
Speaker 2 family arguments! I prepared all my reasons, my examples.
You really should take the same approach – it works like
Hey! Get out of my chair! I want to sit there. I can’t see the magic! Now I hardly ever lose an argument at home.
TV if I sit on this side of the table, can I? Come on, hurry up!
Speaker 3
Speaker 3
Hi, Poppy, it’s me. Look, this family meal is on Sunday
You’re looking well. Is that a new shirt? It’s very nice. I love
… that’s this Sunday. Mum and Dad will be there, and so
the colour – it really suits you.
will Grandad. I’m not sure about Uncle John. But then, we’ve
Speaker 4 never been sure about Uncle John. Anyway, I really need to
I’m so sorry you didn’t pass your test. You must be very know that you’re going to be there. Without you, it might be
disappointed. But don’t worry, you can take it again next a disaster. You know how Grandad always tries to start an
month – and I’m sure you’ll pass it then. argument when we’re out. He’s much better when you’re
there. So give me a call and tell me you’re coming. Please!!
Speaker 5
Speaker 4
Thank you so much for inviting me round for dinner. I was
going to buy some chips from the takeaway, but this is much I left home when I was seventeen after an argument with my
nicer – and healthier too. Thanks! parents, and to be honest, it was the best thing that
happened to me. I had to grow up quickly! At nineteen, I
Speaker 6 started my own business. Now I live in a £5-million house in
The match is going to start in five minutes. We need to finish London and run a business with more than a thousand
eating and go into the living room. Quick! We don’t want to employees. That family argument gave me the push I
miss the start. Come on! needed. Of course, I’ve got a lot of talent too!
1.10 Lesson 1C, Exercise 5 1.12 Lesson 1D, Exercise 1

1 Grandad Have you seen this photo of me when I was
your age?
Thanks, Andy. That’s really helpful.
James No, I haven’t. Let me see. Wow! You used to
2 have great hair!
Our train leaves in ten minutes. Grandad I know. I used to spend ages getting it just right.
It’s much quicker now.
3
James Your clothes look cool too. Did you use to
You and your sister always argued during dinner. spend a lot of money on them?
4 Grandad I didn’t use to have much money. My mother

made some of them. And I used to share
You need to stop and think about what’s happened. clothes with my brother.
5 James I used to do that too. But he doesn’t let me
borrow them now!
I think we’ll win one or two of our matches.
1.13 Lesson 1D, Exercise 4

1.11 Lesson 1C, Exercises 6 and 7
Mum I used to live opposite the Palace Cinema when
Speaker 1 I was ten.
We all know what it’s like to argue with our family. It’s just Alice Did you use to go there often?
part of life, isn’t it? Well, not necessarily. Sometimes, family Mum Yes. But we didn’t use to pay. It wasn’t our
arguments can become a habit … a habit that is harmful and fault – we didn’t use to have any money
upsetting for the people involved. Our three-week course will for tickets.
teach you some simple tricks and techniques for breaking
Alice So how did you get in?
that habit. Do the course on your own or better still,
persuade other members of your family to come along Mum We used to wait outside the fire exit and run in
with you. when somebody opened it!

Alice I can’t believe you used to do that! You’re INTERESTS You have new interests and they might
always telling me how important it is to be include activities that your parents do not
honest! understand or think are a waste of time, such
Mum Well, yes. I used to be very naughty, but I grew as playing computer games or chatting on
out of it. the internet.
DECISIONS In the past, your parents made most decisions
1.14 Lesson 1D, Exercise 6 for you and told you what to do. But now you
want to decide things for yourself and don’t
1 want to be told what to do all the time. You
My grandma is used to living on her own. may resent them telling you to go to bed, tidy
your bedroom, or come home by 10 o’clock.
2
OPINIONS When you were younger, you didn’t have
We used to live in an enormous house. many strong opinions. Now you are beginning
to see the world differently, developing your
3
own views and your own sense of right and
These new shoes feel strange, but I’ll get used to them. wrong. Adolescents are often idealistic and
feel impatient and at odds with the adult
4
world. You may feel that you have all the
I used to hate this flat, but I’m used to it now. answers while many adults don’t have any!
5 All these changes are perfectly normal, but it is important to
remember that they will affect your relationship with your
I found the job really difficult at first. I wasn’t used to working parents and that they may be a source of conflict and
so hard! arguments. So what can you do to make life easier and
6 make sure that you stay on good terms with your parents?
Firstly, your parents will feel much better if you let them
Did you use to wear glasses?
know that you still love and value them. Remember that they
7 have lost forever the little child you once were. They may not
say so, but they are probably feeling a sense of loss and
I didn’t use to enjoy walking to work, but I got used to it.
may even feel rejected by you. Secondly, try to agree rules
and boundaries. You may feel these are unnecessary, but
1.15 Lesson 1F your parents’ main concern is often just to keep you safe.
How to handle your parents Once you have agreed what is and isn’t acceptable
behaviour, try to stick to it. It may feel like a nuisance to
Parents get a lot of advice on how to handle their adolescent remember to phone them and let them know where you are,
children, but what about some advice for teenagers on how but make the effort anyway.
to deal with their parents?
Thirdly, try to understand why they might be irritated by your
Psychologist Raymond Freedman offers some tips … behaviour. Do your parents get cross if you spend three
What is adolescence? It starts when you are aged between hours chatting with friends on social media and leave your
about ten and thirteen and is a period of rapid physical homework till the last minute? That’s probably because they
change which transforms you from a pre-teen child, want you to do well at school.
dependent on your parents, to the independent young adult Finally, it’s all about communication! Keep talking to your
that you become in your early twenties. As your body parents, tell them about what you did today, let them know
changes, you also begin to think and feel differently. Here where you are going, and ask for advice if you need it. The
are some of the most common social and emotional more disconnected they feel, the more critical, distrustful
changes that happen during adolescence. and controlling they tend to become. Who wants parents like
FREEDOM You may not want to spend as much time with that?
your parents as you used to. You want more
freedom to choose who you see and when. 1.16 Lesson 1G, Exercises 3 and 5
You may feel that your friends are as
important to you as your family. Boy So, did you have a good time in England?
PRIVACY You used to be most happy in the company of Girl It was great. I stayed with a really nice family.
your parents. Now you probably want to And I got to know my exchange student
spend more time on your own. You need your quite well.
own space and some privacy. Boy Did you spend a lot of time together?

Girl Yes, we did. We had similar hobbies. For Cara According to my parents, when I was about two
example, we both liked playing basketball, so years old I fell into a neighbour’s pool, and they
we did that every weekend. It was good fun! only found me at the last minute. After that, my
Boy I hope I get on well with my exchange student. mum and dad went mad every time I got near
I’m going to stay with him next term. the water. And when my aunt tried to take me
for swimming lessons, there was a terrible
Girl You ought to find out about his hobbies. I think
argument. So for me, swimming and trouble are
you should send him an email.
pretty much the same thing.
Boy Yes, that’s a good idea. Maybe he likes tennis. I
play tennis a lot. 2
Girl Well, don’t forget to take your tennis racket with Of course it’s normal for young friends to fall out. A friend
you. And anything else you need for your may promise to do something and then go back on their
hobbies. word. Or perhaps you decided a new friend is the greatest
Boy Do you think I should take some food from person ever, then they don’t live up to your expectations.
home with me? I’m worried that I’m going to The truth is that adults learn to put up with disappointments
miss it! like these, but young people haven’t yet learned that
friendships go through difficult times.
Girl No, I don’t think you should do that. It’s easy to
buy all kinds of food in the supermarkets in 3
England.
Of course you get older customers who’ve had the same
Boy What’s English food like? hairstyle since their twenties, and they just can’t see that it
Girl It’s OK. At school, we had lunch in the canteen makes them look old-fashioned now. Maybe doing their hair
every day. The food was quite good. like that used to make them feel stylish − because everyone
Boy What was the school like? was wearing it that way at the time. But even when they're
middle aged or retired, you can encourage these customers
Girl It was quite a small school. I was the only
to change a bit. Show them pictures of a similar modern
exchange student there. And everybody noticed
hairstyle in a fashion magazine, or rearrange their hair in
me, because I wasn’t wearing a uniform! But
front of the mirror − then tell them how great it looks!
they were really friendly. And the lessons were
interesting, but they were all in English, of 4
course. I had to concentrate really hard.
Male I’ve noticed you always have audio books in
Boy That sounds tiring. your car. You must really enjoy listening to
Girl Yes, it was. But you get used to it. Don’t worry! stories while you drive.
Boy Have you got any other advice for me? Female I do. Actually, I think it comes from when I was
Girl Yes. You ought to take a present for a child. My dad used to read to me every night
the parents. before I went to sleep, so I connect it with a
really happy and peaceful time.
Boy Oh, OK. What should I buy for them?
Male Hmm. Perhaps that’s why I find it difficult to
Girl Just something small … something for
listen to them. I can’t remember anyone reading
the house.
to me at all. I always read to myself at night.
Boy OK. Good.
5
Girl And remember to say ‘please’ and ‘thank you’
when you’re staying with them. The English are Female Did you use to enjoy sport when you were a
very polite! child? I’ve noticed you don’t go in for any sports
Boy Great. Thanks for the advice! nowadays.
Male No, I didn’t really do much sport – just what we
1.17 Exam Skills Trainer 1, Exercise 4 had to do at school. I enjoyed things like tennis,
but I wasn’t much good as part of a team, so I
1 hated football.
James I can’t believe you don’t know how to swim Female I was mad about football. I played it from the
when you grew up near the coast. age of five, and in secondary school I was the
Cara I know, but I’ve always found water captain of the girls' team. I feel quite jealous
totally scary. when I watch my kids playing now. Maybe I
should take it up again?
James Do you know why, Cara?

6
The writer got his first job in a supermarket when he was
fifteen, and he was already feeling pessimistic about his
future as a writer. Today, young people like you hope to go
to university, but in the author's day, he knew his family
could never afford to send him to university. He thought that
he might spend his life working in boring jobs just to support
himself. But then he met Walters, a quiet man with a job at
the local library. And from that first meeting, things began to
change.

waste of time. He should give up and choose something
Intermediate Student’s Book easier, like the electric guitar. That’s what I did. I’ve joined a
audio scripts band at school and we sometimes hang out and play. We
get together about once a month. It’s great fun. At the
moment, we’re learning a song by the Arctic Monkeys.
Unit 2 1.19 Lesson 2C, Exercises 3 and 4

1
1.18 Lesson 2A, Exercises 6 and 7
Speaker 1 Waiter Hi. Can I help you?
Man Yes. There are few problems with my food. For
I can’t understand why people are so keen on sleeping in a
a start, I ordered seafood risotto, not seafood
tent in a field in the middle of the countryside, with no proper
pasta.
toilets or bathroom. My parents love it, and they go every
summer. And they always visit the same campsite! I mean, Waiter Oh, I’m so sorry. Shall I change it for you?
what’s the point? You never sleep well, and you inevitably Man There’s no time now. I have to get back to work
get cold and wet. I can’t stand it. I’d much rather stay in a for a meeting this afternoon. But that’s not all.
hotel. Luckily my parents never make me go with them. These green beans on the side are almost
raw – I think the chef forgot to cook them. And
Speaker 2
to make it worse, I had to wait nearly half an
Don’t get me wrong, I love going to the cinema or watching hour for them.
DVDs, but that kind of film really doesn’t appeal to me.
2
Frankly, I find them absolutely terrifying. And I don’t like
being scared when I’m trying to relax at home. Not only that, First, chop the onion and add it your pan with some oil. You
they’re nothing like real life. The stories are always need to cook it for at least five minutes before you add the
completely unbelievable. I mean, how many zombies have rice. Sofia! Why are you adding the rice now? What did I just
you seen walking down your local high street? None. say? Cook the onion for FIVE MINUTES. Come on, please
pay attention. I want you all to finish this dish before the end
Speaker 3
of the lesson. You can even eat it, if you’re hungry at break-
My brother’s a big fan and uses it all the time. He’s always time. Luke, please don’t sit on the desk. You need to stand
chatting about nothing at all, uploading terrible photos from up when you’re cooking!
his phone. And then he adds stupid comments on other
people’s posts and photos. He spends far too much time 1.20 Lesson 2C, Exercises 5 and 7
glued to his computer screen. I do use it but not very often. I
Matthew Hi, Scarlett. How are you?
prefer to talk face to face than chat online.
Scarlett Hi, Matthew. I’m on the bus. We’re just passing
Speaker 4 the park, so we’ll be in the city centre in about
My girlfriend absolutely loves it. She can’t get enough. She’s ten minutes.
always going into shops, looking out for a bargain. The Matthew OK, I’m already here … but I don’t mind waiting.
problem is, I loathe it. I can’t think of anything worse. I hardly Scarlett Have you chosen somewhere for dinner? What
ever buy things in actual shops because I find the whole about that new Italian place on the high street?
experience deeply depressing. I only go into a shop if I know
Matthew No, my dad ate there last week. He said it was
exactly what I want so that I can get out as quickly as
a real let-down. The food was nothing special
possible. I usually buy things from websites now instead. It’s
… and the service wasn’t up to standard.
much easier.
Scarlett OK, forget that! When you’re celebrating the
Speaker 5 end of your exams, you need somewhere good.
My brother has been learning for about a year, I think. The Matthew I agree. What about the French restaurant in
problem is he still can’t play in tune and make a nice sound. the Palace Hotel? That’s a bit special. I’ve
When he plays, it usually sounds like a cat in pain. I don’t heard the food is out of this world.
think people should learn classical instruments. It’s such a

Scarlett It’s really expensive! Maybe we can go there 1.23 Lesson 2E, Exercise 7
next year, when I finish my exams.
1
Matthew OK, maybe. Look, why don’t we just go to the
Mexican restaurant again? I love the Without it, I don’t think you can really claim that your school
atmosphere there and the food is fine. has up-to-date facilities. I mean, it affects every subject,
Scarlett There’s also the Chinese restaurant. The food doesn’t it? And every part of school life – especially now that
is pretty average – but it’s cheap! students are using tablets and smartphones more and more
during lessons. Basically, it’s something you expect to find in
Matthew Let’s decide when you get here. I’m happy with
most places you go – even ordinary cafés and restaurants.
the Mexican or the Chinese.
So in a school, it’s essential, I feel.
Scarlett You should choose. It’s your celebration!
2
Matthew OK. Let’s go to the Mexican place. We can
meet outside. It’s definitely the most popular extra-curricular activity –
Scarlett I’m not sure where it is. Let’s meet by the post mostly with the boys, but a lot of girls play too. The problem
office. That way I won’t get lost! is, in the winter, games often get cancelled because the
ground is too wet – or sometimes because the ground is
Matthew OK, no problem. I’ll go there now and wait
frozen. It would be great if that didn’t happen. It would be
for you.
quite an expensive facility, but it would benefit a large
Scarlett There’s no hurry. This bus isn’t moving! There’s number of students at the school.
lots of traffic.
3
Matthew Don’t worry. I don’t mind waiting. I can send
some messages. My parents bought me a new I think a lot of schools focus too much on the more academic
phone. Did I tell you? subjects, like maths and science. And if they’ve got money
Scarlett No. Has your number changed? to spend on new facilities, they usually spend it on
technology. That’s what a lot of parents expect. But in my
Matthew Of course not. You just called me!
opinion, drawing and painting are important activities – they
Scarlett Oh yes. What did you do with your old phone? develop your imagination and allow you to express yourself.
Matthew I gave it to my brother. This is exactly the kind of facility the school needs –
Scarlett Oh, that’s a shame. It’s a nice phone – and I something which helps students to be more creative.
don’t like mine very much. 4
Matthew Sorry. I didn’t think of that. Anyway, see you
When people think of school music lessons, they think of
soon!
learning to play the violin or the piano. But actually, music
means a lot more than that – especially to young people. It’s
1.21 Lesson 2D, Exercise 2 a whole industry, and lots of people work in it who don’t play
Ellie At last! I’ve been waiting for ages. Where have an instrument at all. They work behind the scenes. They’re
you been? What have you been doing? technicians. They’re the ones who help singers and
musicians to turn their ideas into real tracks which people
Jack My bus didn’t come. I’ve been trying to phone
can then download and listen to. This facility would give
you since 7.30 …
students a chance to learn some of those skills while they’re
Ellie You’re 25 minutes late. The film has started. still at school.
Jack Sorry. Do you still want to see it?
Ellie Yes, I do. I’ve been looking forward to it for 1.24 Lesson 2F
weeks. It stars my favourite actor. And I’ve
GPS Challenge
already bought the tickets!
Jack Let’s go inside then. Claudia’s blog
Ellie OK. But why is your hair wet? It hasn’t Dear Friends,
been raining.
Jack That’s sweat. I’ve been running for 25 minutes!
And I haven’t eaten. Can we see the film later?
1.22 Lesson 2E, Exercise 3

flood lights football pitch main road mountain range
safety net sea shore swimming pool tennis court
tennis player tower block

Sorry I haven’t blogged for a while. I’ve been a bit busy and presentations about geocaching. And then they head
lately. You’ll find out why … But first of all, have you ever outside into the darkness for some night-time adventures!
heard of Geocaching? It’s a kind of treasure-hunting game I’ve been enjoying my Geocaching experiences so much
that uses a GPS device – usually your smartphone – to find that I’m seriously thinking about going to ‘Fumble after Dark’
small containers called geocaches. These are hidden all next year. So why don’t you get into Geocaching too, and I
over the world – but usually people start with geocaches that might see you there!
are close to their home. The great thing about Geocaching Bye for now!!
is that it leads you to some beautiful and amazing places
Claudia
that you probably didn’t know about. I can definitely
recommend it – it’s healthy and it’s fun. Although I should
warn you that it’s also seriously addictive! 1.25 Lesson 2G, Exercises 3 and 4
So how does it work, exactly? Well, the first step is to go to Student 1 So, we’re going to do an adventure activity on
the Geocaching website or download the geocaching app our day out. What do you think we should do?
onto your phone. Then you choose a geocache and you Student 2 Well, I’m quite keen on kayaking.
start looking. People have been hiding geocaches for more
Student 1 Really? I’d rather go surfing than kayaking.
than ten years, so there are literally millions of them around
the world. There are sure to be some near your home, Student 2 The problem with surfing is that the sea is too
wherever you live. (There are geocaches across all seven cold at this time of year.
continents, including Antarctica!) Some are very hard to find. Student 1 Yes, I suppose you’re right. What about
They may be hidden beside a river, up a tree or even below parkour?
the ground. Student 2 Sorry, but I don’t really fancy parkour.
Geocaching is a quite a new game: it began around the year Student 1 Why not?
2000. However, similar games did exist in the past. For
Student 2 Well, don’t you think it would be dangerous?
example, In the middle of the 19th century, a game called
I’ve never done it before. I’m sure I’d
‘letterboxing’ became popular in the south of England.
injure myself.
People who enjoyed walking in the countryside began to
hide boxes all along the route. These boxes contained Student 1 OK. How about karting? I like the idea of that.
postcards addressed to themselves. When other walkers Student 2 Yes, I think karting would be fun. But it’s quite
found a box. they collected the cards and posted them. This expensive, isn’t it? Hiking is another option.
often took many weeks, because the boxes were often Student 1 Hiking would certainly be cheaper, but less fun
hidden in remote places, not by the paths. in my opinion. OK, I think we need to make a
In Geocaching, the boxes don’t contain postcards. They decision. There’s a good karting circuit near the
contain a logbook, where the person who finds it can write shopping centre. I don’t think it’s very
their name and the date. (They also record the find on the expensive. So, overall I think karting would
website.) As well as the logbook, geocaches often contain a be better.
toy or gift. You are welcome to take this, provided you Student 2 OK. That’s settled then. Let’s go karting.
replace it with something you have brought with you.
The basic game just involves finding a geocache and
recording it online and in the logbook. However, there are
lots of variations. For example, there are multi-cache
challenges, where each cache contains the co-ordinates for
the next cache, until you reach the final cache containing the
logbook. There are also ‘travelling caches’, where each
person who finds the cache then hides it in a different
location and updates the information on the website. And
there are ‘webcam caches’. When you do these, you don’t
find a physical container or logbook; you find a public
webcam and then capture an image of yourself on the
webcam as proof that you have been successful. I’ve tried
all of these types, and personally, I’ve enjoyed the multi-
cache challenges the most.
Geocaching is an activity you can do alone or, like me, with
a couple of friends. But there are also Geocaching events
where you can get together with hundreds of other fans of
the game. For example, the ‘Fumble after Dark’ event is
held every November in Sweden and sounds like great fun.
About a thousand geocachers get together for a day of talks

on average 1.6 kilograms. But the surface area of skin on an
Intermediate Student’s Book average adult is between one and a half and two square
audio scripts metres, and it weighs on average 10.8 kilograms.
8
The thickness of our skin varies from about 0.5 mm on our
Unit 3 eyelids to 4 mm or more on the soles of our feet and on the
palms of our hands. But on average it is two to three
1.26 Unit 3, Lesson A, Exercise 6 millimetres thick.
1 9
Few people have blood type B- (about 5%), and even fewer Different experts have different opinions. Some say it is the
have AB-, which is the rarest blood type. The most common masseter muscle in our jaw, which helps us chew our food.
blood type is O+. Approximately 36% of people have this Others say it is the muscles in your thighs, which allow us to
type of blood. run. Other experts believe it is the gluteus maximus in our
bottom and lower back, which holds our bodies upright.
2
What is certain is that the largest muscle is the gluteus
Fingernails grow at an average of about 36 millimetres a maximus, but it is impossible to say which is the strongest
year, which is 3 mm in a month. That’s much faster than because they do such different things.
toenails, which grow about four times more slowly – about
0.75 mm a month 1.27 Lesson 3A, Exercises 7 and 8
3 1
When people sing their national anthem, they often hold the Doctor Good morning. What can I do for you?
left side of their chest, thinking that they are placing their
Patient My ankle really hurts. I think I’ve twisted it.
hand over their heart. But in fact our heart is near the centre
of our chest, just a little to the left. Doctor Let me have a look. When did you do it?
Patient Yesterday evening, while I was playing football.
4
Doctor Yes, it’s a bit swollen. You’ve sprained it. I’ll
The average length of the small intestine in adults is seven give you a bandage for it.
metres. The average length of the large intestine is one and
a half metres, so that’s eight and a half metres in total. 2
5 Doctor Good afternoon. How can I help you?

Patient I’ve had an accident. I’ve banged my head.
As adults we have 206 bones in our bodies, but we start life
with many more. We are born with nearly 300 bones, but as Doctor How did it happen?
we grow, some of them join together, leaving us with 206. Patient I tripped over the cat and hit my head on the
corner of a table.
6
Doctor When did it happen?
The blonder our hair, the more hairs we have on our scalp.
Patient This morning. About two hours ago.
Fair-haired people have on average 150,000 hairs, brown-
haired people have 110,000, and black-haired people about Doctor Hmm, may I take a look?
100,000. People with ginger hair have got the fewest: about Patient Yes, sure.
90,000 hairs. Doctor Is it painful?
7 Patient Ow! Yes!
Most people don’t think of their skin as an organ, like their Doctor Sorry. I’ll give you some painkillers.
heart, kidney, stomach or liver. But that’s what it is. And it’s 3
the largest organ, by surface area and weight. The average
brain weighs 1.3 kilograms and is the third largest organ in Doctor Hello, how can I help you?
our body. The liver is also very large and weighs even more:

Patient I’ve hurt my thumb. I trapped it in the car door lack of oxygen is another problem. At ground level, about 1/5
last night. of the air is oxygen. If that falls below one tenth, we die.
Doctor Can you show me? … You’ve certainly bruised
it. And you’ll probably lose your nail. 1.30 Lesson 3C, Exercise 4
Patient It’s really painful. Do you think I’ve broken it? 1
Doctor It might be broken. I think I’ll send you to
Normal body temperature for humans is 36.5–37°C.
hospital for an X-ray.
2
4
An increase of just 0.5°C above normal body temperature
Doctor Good morning. How can I help you?
can make you feel unwell.
Patient I’ve burned my hand. I picked up a very
hot saucepan. 3
Doctor When did it happen? About 5% of people who go to Accident and Emergency
Patient About an hour ago. have a fever.
Doctor It’s quite a bad burn. 4

Patient What can you give me for it? You can get frostbite if the temperature of your skin falls to
Doctor I’ll give you some cream and the nurse will put a 0°C or below.
dressing on it.
5
1.28 Lesson 3C, Exercise 2 In 2000, a Norwegian woman survived after her body
temperature had fallen to 13.7°C
Large numbers
6
4,500 100,000 250,000 2.5 million
Less than 1/3 of adults whose temperature drops below
Small numbers 28°C survive.
0 0.6 0.04 2.08
Years
Host Professor Martin – you’re interested in the limits
1500 1535 2000 2015 2150 the 1980s
of the human body. Is that right?
Fractions Prof Yes, that’s right. So, for example, we’ve been
1/2 1/3 1/4 1/5 1/10 3/8 1 2/3 asking: Is it possible to survive in a vacuum?
Host And what’s the answer?
Percentages
Prof Well, sadly we know how long humans can
50% 57% survive in a vacuum in outer space. Three
Ratios and ranges Russian cosmonauts died in 1971 when their
space capsule had a major problem at an
2:1 10:1 aged 18–25 from 0–100 in 3.1 seconds altitude of 168 kilometres. The pressure inside
Temperature the capsule dropped to zero and the crew died
after 30 to 40 seconds.
-40°C 0°C 5°C 15°C
Host What a tragedy.
Prof Yes, indeed. But it is possible to survive shorter
1.29 Lesson 3C, Exercise 3 periods of time in a vacuum. In 1966, a scientist
There are many amazing stories of human survival, but was testing a spacesuit in a special room when
actually our bodies are very fragile and do not cope well with the pressure suddenly dropped to almost zero
extremes. Polar explorers can cope with temperatures of for a period of 27 seconds. He passed out after
−40°C, but only if they keep warm. Most people will collapse 15 seconds and he woke up when the pressure
if their body temperature drops by only 5°C, and if it drops inside the room returned to normal. He
by 15°C, they’ll die. Heat can be just as dangerous. was fine.
Temperatures of 35°C are safe provided humidity is not Host Good! So what else have you been studying?
above 50%. High altitudes are dangerous too. We pass out
Prof We’ve also been asking: how long can the
when the pressure falls below 57% of normal atmospheric
human body survive without sleep?
pressure. This happens at about 4,500 metres. Climbers
can go higher because their bodies gradually get used it, but Host And what is the answer?
no one survives for long at 8,000 metres. At high altitudes,

Prof Well, we can’t force people to stay awake until 3 p.m. – 6 p.m. This is a very good time to exercise. Body
they die, so it’s impossible to know the exact temperature increases in the late
limits. But we know about some extreme cases. afternoon. Your heart and lungs work
For example, on 28 December 1963, Randy better and muscles are 6% stronger than
Gardner, a 17-year-old student, got up at 6 at their lowest point in the day. Some
o’clock in the morning and didn't go back to sportspeople believe that if you try to
sleep again until the morning of 8 January break a world record at this time of day,
1964. That’s 264 hours. you’ll have a greater chance of success.
Host Amazing! How many days is that? 6 p.m. – 9 p.m. By now you’ll be getting hungry. But don’t
Prof About 11 days. eat too late! In the evening our bodies
struggle to digest fats and sugars. Studies
Host He probably slept for a week after that!
show that people will lose more weight if
Prof Actually, no. His first sleep after those 11 days they have their main meal at lunchtime
lasted almost 15 hours. rather than in the evening. (But how much
you eat is always more important than
1.32 Lesson 3F when you eat.)
Night and day 9 p.m. – 12 a.m. It’s getting near to bedtime. Your body
temperature is falling and your body clock
How much sleep do we need? is telling you that it’s time for bed. Your
Young children need more sleep than adults and tend to body is producing lots of melatonin to help
wake up earlier. A typical ten-year-old needs about ten you go to sleep. It can be difficult to sleep
hours’ sleep. with the light on because light reduces the
amount of melatonin in your body. Blue
As you reach adolescence, your body clock changes. Most
light is particularly effective at keeping us
teenagers need about nine hours’ sleep, but wake up later.
awake. And mobile phones computer
As an adult, you’ll need about eight to eight and a half hours’ screens and flat-screen TVs emit large
sleep a night. amounts of blue light. So turn off those
When we are much older, in our 70s and 80s, we’re less gadgets!
able to sleep deeply and we usually need less sleep. 12 a.m. – 3 a.m. Your body really wants to be asleep.
Our personal body clock Melatonin reaches its maximum level.
Each of us has our own personal body clock, which make us Your stomach has stopped working and
more alert in the morning or more alert in the evening. You your brain is at rest. If you stay awake
might be a ‘lark’ who likes to go to bed early and get up much longer, your powers of concentration
early, or you might be an ‘owl’ who prefers to go to bed late will decrease sharply.
and get up late. Or somewhere in between. 3 a.m. – 6 a.m. Melatonin levels are still high, and you are
6 a.m. – 9 a.m. Your body is waking up. It stops producing in deep sleep. Your body temperature is
melatonin, the hormone which makes you much cooler than at any other time of the
feel sleepy. Blood vessels are stiffer and day. As dawn approaches, your melatonin
less flexible. Your blood is thicker and levels will decrease and your body will
stickier and your blood pressure is at its prepare to wake up.
highest, so it’s not the best time
to exercise. 1.33 Lesson 3G, Exercises 2 and 4
9 a.m. – 12 p.m. You’re at your most alert at this time in the Student 1
morning. Tests show that short-term
memory is at its best right now. It’s a good This photo shows a group of women doing some exercise. It
time to get a lot of work done, because looks like some kind of dance class. They’re in a park, or
you’ll experience a big dip after lunch. maybe in the countryside. It’s most likely in the evening,
because the shadows are long. The women with black
12 p.m.- 3 p.m. Your stomach is full and working hard
leggings and stripy tops are leading the class, I think. It
after lunch. You become much less alert
looks like the others are copying them. The woman in the
and probably feel a bit sleepy. More road
stripy dress, in the middle of the photo, has stopped
accidents happen at this time of day than
dancing. I’d say that she’s tired. Personally, I’d find this class
at any other, particularly involving
quite difficult, I think. But I’d love to try it. It looks fun!
older people.
Student 2
In this photo, I can see some people doing exercises in a
gym. I think it’s a fitness class of some kind. They’re in a

large room with a rope near the wall. Next to the rope, two Student A few months ago, my cousin got married. I was
women are doing push-ups. Behind them, there’s a sort of invited, of course – the whole family was
climbing frame. Two men are doing pull-ups, or something invited. I made a big effort to look good because
like that. The woman in the black vest-top isn’t doing any there are always so many photographs and
exercise. She’s the instructor, I would say. She looks very fit. videos.
Student 3
1.34 Lesson 3G, Exercise 5
Teacher Do you think men care as much about their
Teacher Do you think the people are enjoying the class? appearance as women?
Student Yes, I think they probably are enjoying it. Student The way I look at it, men do care about how
Teacher Why do you think so? they look – you know, they want to look good.
Student Well, firstly, they’ve chosen to do it, so it’s But do they care as much as women? I don’t
obviously the kind of thing they enjoy. They all think so.
look very fit, so they probably do a lot of Teacher Why not?
exercise. I’d say it’s their hobby. And secondly, Student Because I don’t think people judge men’s
it looks like a beautiful place to do an exercise appearance as much. Other men don’t really
class. There’s lots of sunshine and fresh air. make comments about a man’s appearance.
Personally, I’d love to be there. But other women make comments about a
woman’s appearance. There’s more
1.35 Lesson 3G, Exercise 8 competition!
Student 1 Teacher OK. Tell me about an occasion when you
wanted to look your best.
appearance as women? Student I remember once when my friend had a fancy
dress party. The theme was film stars, and I
Student I don’t think they do, really.
made a big effort. I dressed as James Bond, but
Teacher And why do you think that is? everybody thought I was Mr Bean.
Student Well, as I see it, women are just more
interested in that kind of thing: hairstyles, 1.36 Exam Skills Trainer 2, Exercise 4
fashion … whereas for men, it’s pretty boring.
1
For example, most women spend a lot more
money at the hairdresser’s than men do. All right everyone, lift your arms up above your head and try
Teacher I see. Thank you. Now, tell me about an to touch the ceiling. Excellent! If you reach high enough,
occasion when you wanted to look your best. you’ll feel the muscles of your back. OK, great … now keep
your arms where they are and move sideways from the
Student Hmm. Let me see. Oh, I know. Some time last
waist. Can you feel the muscles in your left side? Right. Now
year, I applied for a part-time job at a café in
hold … hold … hold … and slowly straighten up. Wonderful!
town. Before my interview, I had my hair cut
Wait for a moment, then go to the other side …
and put my smartest clothes on. But it didn’t
help – I didn’t get the job! 2
Student 2 Have you been trying to lose weight forever? Have you done
diet after diet, and not got the results you want? Well,
Nutrachum has the answer! The Nutrachum Diet Plan lets
appearance as women?
you eat what you want, when you want, all meals included.
Student I think they do, really. Although they don’t And we back it up with our money-back guarantee! Just call
always admit it! the number on your TV screen to get it for the amazing price
Teacher Why do you think so? of …
Student Well, most people believe that women are the 3
only ones who really care about their
appearance. But I don’t agree. In my opinion, Everyone says that you are only as old as you feel inside,
men are also worried about how they look. but I wish my body knew that! When you’re younger you
don’t think about the things you’ve done to yourself. I injured
Teacher OK. Tell me about an occasion when you
my back in a skiing accident in my 30s, and I just decided to
wanted to look your best.
ignore it because it didn’t hurt that badly. Well, now in my
70s, I’m really paying for it. I have to do special exercises
every day, and I have to think twice before I bend over. It’s a
pain – literally.

4
Yes, it’s true that being overweight or obese has become
more and more of an issue – but it’s not just the weight itself
that’s the problem. If you think about it, you’ll realize that
carrying a lot of extra weight around is going to affect the
rest of your body. Back pain, knee and ankle problems …
the list goes on. I’m afraid that if we continue like this, in 25
years we will have created one of the unhealthiest societies
in history.

Estate agent No, I suppose not!
Intermediate Student’s Book Woman And the back fence is very dilapidated. It
audio scripts looks like it could fall down at any moment!
Estate agent Yes, it might possibly need a bit of work …
Moving on upstairs …
Unit 4 Estate agent This is the main bedroom. There’s a
charming view from the window.
2.02 Lesson 4A, Exercise 1 Woman I can see right into the bus station.
bungalow detached house farmhouse flat Estate agent Yes, er, I mean above that. You can see
houseboat mansion mobile home semi-detached right across the town … So, what do you
house terraced house thatched cottage villa think of the house?
Woman Hmm. I’m not sure.
2.03 Lesson 4A, Exercise 3 Estate agent It could be beautifully restored.
attic balcony basement cellar conservatory
drive extension fence flowerbed garage gate 2.05 Lesson 4A, Exercises 9 , 10 and 11
hall hedge landing lawn path patio pond 1
porch shutters sliding doors stairs swimming pool
I live in quite an unusual home. It’s a houseboat on the river
Thames. My mum and dad are quite arty and alternative and
2.04 Lesson 4A, Exercises 6 and 8 they decided a few years ago to sell their house in Oxford
Estate agent So, this is the house … As I say, it’s and buy a houseboat. A houseboat is also so much cheaper
conveniently located near to the shops. And than a house. They managed to get one for £20,000, which
there are lots of good restaurants and bars is amazingly cheap. Mind you, it was in a pretty poor state
nearby. and needed some work doing on it, but they managed to do
Woman So it’s quite noisy, then? that fairly cheaply too. When I tell people I live on a
houseboat, they usually think it’s far away, in the middle of
Estate agent Lively, I’d say. We’re in a very popular area
the countryside. But in fact the boat is parked on the canal in
of town.
Oxford. Unfortunately there aren’t any spaces for boats near
Woman The road’s quite busy. the centre, but we’re still in the city.
Estate agent Well, yes, it can get busy. There are lots of
2
buses that will take you right to the town
centre. Here’s one now, in fact! I live in a block of flats on the outskirts of Prague. The flat is
Woman Oh, it’s stopping right outside the front gate. quite spacious and has got three bedrooms, a dining room,
There’s a bus stop here! living room, bathroom and toilet. What I like best about it is
the balcony. You reach it through some glass sliding doors
Estate agent Yes! What could be more convenient? Shall
from the living room. We’re on the 8th floor so we can see
we go in?
right across the city, which is fantastic. The block has a
garden that we share with all the other residents, but it
Estate agent So this is the hall. And on the right is the would be nice to have a garden of our own. Unfortunately,
living room. Cosy, isn’t it? my parents don’t earn much money, so we can’t afford to
Woman Hmm. It’s certainly small, and a bit dark. move anywhere better.
Estate agent And through here is the kitchen. 3
Woman It’s tiny. We lived in Florence for many years in a flat, but we recently
Estate agent It certainly isn’t spacious, but I wouldn’t say moved to the country. The flat was quite cramped compared
it’s cramped. The cooker and fridge are to our new house, which is an old farmhouse. There aren’t
new. And it looks out onto the back garden. many people living nearby. Our nearest neighbour is a five
Woman Oh, yes. The owner isn’t keen on minute walk away, and it’s a couple of kilometres to the
gardening, then. nearest town. Although the countryside round here is lovely,

the views aren’t great from the house as it’s surrounded by Speaker 2
trees. But it’s a very spacious house, beautifully restored by
I think the organisers did a good job. They made a big effort
the previous owners – so it wasn’t cheap. It has six
to publicise the event this year. Last year was a disaster.
bedrooms, so I don’t have to share with my sister anymore.
Nobody got in touch with the local newspaper or radio
All in all, it’s not a bad place to live, but I miss the
station, so there were no journalists there at all. It was a
excitement of city life.
waste of time, really.
4
Speaker 3
We live in a terraced house in Boston. We’ve been living
I think charities do a great job to publicise the problem of
here for about a month now. It’s a lovely house, quite old.
homelessness.Politicians want to turn a blind eye to it, but
My parents bought it from an old lady who lived here for 40
they can’t – the charities won’t let them! That’s why I
years. During that time she didn’t really modernise it. It’s in
decided to support this year’s Big Sleep Out. I couldn’t be
good condition but the décor is very old-fashioned. My
there for the event itself, but I gave them a hand in
parents want to create a much more contemporary look and
the office.
are going to spend quite a bit of money on it until they’ve got
it how they want it. They also need to insulate the roof so we
don’t waste any energy. I think they’re going to start in the 2.08 Lesson 4C, Exercises 5 and 6
next month or two. Speaker 1
I’ve been working for a charity called Safe Houses for three
2.06 Lesson 4B, Exercise 5 years now, and in that time the number of young people
1 without a home has increased sharply. Charities like ours
do not have enough time or money to deal with all the
Flat 1 has got the highest rent.
people who require assistance. Only the government can
2 really solve the problem, but unfortunately, homelessness is
not a high priority for most people. One of our aims as a
Flat 2 is less spacious than flat 3.
charity is to change that.
3
Speaker 2
Flat 2 is the most comfortable of the three.
I was expecting to be one of the youngest people on the
4 Sleep Out, but in fact there were lots of people my age or
younger. I think young people care about homelessness –
Flat 1 is the furthest from the centre.
especially when they see people sleeping rough on the
5 streets who need help. Whereas older people often just walk
past, maybe because they’re too busy. I suppose that’s why
You’ll pay the least rent for flat 2.
so many young people want to be part of an event like the
6 Big Sleep Out. I’m going to suggest that all of my friends
take part next year.
Flat 3 is further from the station than flats 1 and 2.
Speaker 3
7
We’re making two proposals for tackling the problem of
Flat 3 has got fewer rooms than flat 2.
homelessness in our city. Firstly, for people who are
8 currently sleeping rough, we will provide free places at local
youth hostels. And secondly, we’re offering assistance for
Flat 1 has got the most rooms.
young, homeless people who need to find work – because
9 we know how difficult it can be to gain employment when
you are homeless. With these proposals, we aim to fulfil the
Flat 1 is more comfortable and more spacious than flat 2.
promise we made during the election – to make our city a
better place for all of its inhabitants.
2.07 Lesson 4C, Exercise 4
Speaker 4
Speaker 1
I’ve been sleeping on the streets, on and off, for about a
I decided to try the Big Sleep Out for the first time this year. year now. Nobody plans to do that – it just happens to you. I
My neighbour did it and had the time of her life. But I didn’t! was in a children’s home until I was 17 but I had to leave
Not because it was too cold but because some people next because there were a lot of arguments and fights. I needed
to me were making so much noise. I nearly had a word with some space and some time on my own – that was very
the organisers, but decided not to in the end. important. At the moment, I don’t mind living on the streets
too much. The worst thing is when people call me lazy and
tell me to find a job. That hurts me. They don’t understand.

Speaker 5 Woman I’m a yoga teacher.
We get quite a lot of homeless people in the city centre, and Agent Where do you teach?
to be honest, I don’t really like it. I think the number has Woman At the local sports centre. But if I moved to a
gone up a lot recently. They make me feel a bit bigger house, I’d want to make one room into a
uncomfortable, especially if they talk to me when I’m on my yoga studio.
own. I know they’re probably harmless, but they don’t look Agent Well, this house would be a great place to do
very friendly! In the evenings, a lot of them seem to hang yoga! Just take your yoga mat outside onto the
around the High Street. I usually avoid that area if I’m cliff. Imagine the sunrise over the waves,
walking home on my own. the solitude.
Woman I suppose you would be alone there … except
2.09 Lesson 4D, Exercise 2 for all the people who stop to take photos of
Alfie This is an amazing place. I wish I lived here. your house!
Macy Me too. If only I were a member of the Howard
family! 2.11 Lesson 4F
Alfie But if it were my house, I wouldn’t allow people A Living sculptures
to visit.
Gregory Kloehn is a sculptor with a difference. Not only are
Macy That’s mean! You’d get bored on your own. his sculptures created from bits of rubbish, but each of his
Alfie Oh, I’d let my friends visit, of course. But not unique creations offers a homeless person somewhere
the public. to live.
Macy If you had a party, you could invite hundreds of Gregory works in California, where there are a lot of people
people! living on the streets. Each of his sculptures is no bigger than
Alfie I know. The parties would be better if I made a the average sofa, but the tiny, one-roomed shelters are as
few changes, though. wonderful as mansions for a person who is sleeping rough.
Macy What kind of changes? Gregory searches on rubbish dumps to find pieces to use. A
washing machine door is as good as a normal window. A
Alfie Well, if those trees weren’t there, there’d be
fridge door can make a fine front door, and has useful
room for a swimming pool!
shelves on the inside. And each home is on wheels so that it
Macy You could make some changes inside as well. I can be pushed around easily.
mean, look at this corridor.
Gregory used to make sculptures for rich people. Now he
Alfie The Antique Passage, you mean? knows that his creations really make a difference to people’s
Macy Yes. If you took away all the statues, you could lives. And he has also inspired other people to start building.
build a great bowling alley there!
B Build your own tiny home
2.10 Lesson 4E, Exercise 3 If you wanted your own house, would you build it yourself?
Some Americans are now building miniature homes for
Agent Good morning. What can I do for you? themselves in order to live more cheaply and in a more
Woman Can I ask you about that amazing house that’s ecological way than usual. And with wheels on their home,
built on a cliff? they can go anywhere! Part of the fun is making it yourself –
Agent Yes, of course. You can take a look at some even if you don’t know how. ‘Most people who are interested
more pictures on my computer. in tiny houses don’t have any building experience,’ says
Ryan Mitchell, founder of TheTinyLife.com website, who
Woman Amazing! Are there any pictures of the inside?
organises conferences for interested people, and one of the
Agent Yes – and they’re just as impressive. Take this conference speakers is Dee Williams, who has been living in
one, for example. Look at the view from that her cosy wooden home since 2004. She wishes that more
sofa! help had been available then. ‘I didn’t know anyone else
Woman I love it. Can I make an appointment to look who was building a little house at the time, anywhere,’ she
around? says. Now you can find thousands of instructional videos on
Agent I’m afraid you can’t do that. The house doesn’t YouTube, if you want to make your own!
exist yet! You need to choose a location first. C The designer micro-house
But the house would only take twelve weeks to
build, according to Modscape, the company that Italian architect Renzo Piano is famous for designing
supplies them. Europe’s tallest skyscraper, the Shard in London. Now he
has gone to the other extreme: he’s designed the smallest
Woman I see. I need to find somewhere soon, so I’ll
house possible. It’s just two-and-a-half by three metres and
have to make up my mind quickly.
can be carried on a lorry. The interior is divided into two
Agent Can I ask what you do?

halves – there’s a living room in the front with a sofa and Girl Yes, that’s true, but I might have to share a
folding table. At the back of the house, there’s a small room. And I’d have to buy meals. Do you think it
kitchen with a cooker and fridge, a shower and a toilet. It’s might be more expensive than staying with a
really energy-efficient, with solar panels on the roof and a host family?
container to collect rainwater, so the house is incredibly Boy I’m not sure about that. I think student canteens
cheap to run. The house is called ‘Diogene’, named after the are quite cheap.
Greek philosopher Diogenes who rejected luxury by living in
Girl What are the other advantages of university
a large ceramic jar! The Diogene is currently on display in
accommodation?
Germany. And at just £17,000, this designer house isn’t as
expensive as many family cars, so a lot of people are Boy I think the social life would be better. You’d be
interested in it. with a big group of students from all over the
world. I think you’d make lots of new friends.
D Well-contained housing You’d have lots of fun.
If you heard that they were putting homeless people into
shipping containers, you might be shocked. But that’s Girl That’s a good point. What are the benefits of
exactly what is happening in Brighton, England. The staying with a host family, do you think?
Brighton Housing Trust has been inspired by a similar
Boy Well, you wouldn’t have to cook because you’d
housing estate in the Netherlands. It is developing 36 studio
eat with the family. That would save a lot of
flats in the town centre, using old shipping containers. The
time. What else? Well, with a host family you
flats will have a window at each end and a toilet and shower
would speak lots of English so your English
room in the middle. On one side there’ll be a kitchen and
would improve.
small dining table, and on the other side a living room with a
sofa bed. At 24 square metres, they are smaller than a Girl But the students in the university
shared room in a homeless hostel. But they are much more accommodation would all speak English
desirable and certainly spacious enough for one person. together. English would be their common
They are also stackable. The containers will sit on top of one language.
another with stairs connecting them. And, in future, if Boy That’s true, but they aren’t native speakers, are
somebody wants to move them, they can simply pick them they? I think it’s better to speak with native
up and take them to another site. speakers.
Girl OK, you could be right.
2.12 Lesson 4G, Exercises 3 and 4 Boy Thinking about it, there’s another advantage:
Both photos show rooms. Photo A is of a room in hostel, I you would experience the British way of life and
think, whereas the second shows a small flat. There are learn about British culture.
bunk beds in the room in the hostel but the other room has Girl Yes, good point. All things considered, I
got a double bed. In photo A I can also see some clothes suppose the host family would be better.
and bags. I think photo B shows a one-bedroom flat Boy I agree.
because I can see a kitchen at the end of the room. While
photo A shows a rather untidy room, the room in photo B is
very tidy. The flat looks comfortable and the furniture is nice
and modern. The room in the hostel looks quite cosy.
However, the furniture looks a bit old and worn out.
I think I’d prefer to live in the first room, in the hostel. I like
the idea of sharing with other students, despite the lack of
privacy. I think I’d need the company of other people. Not
only that, I think the flat would be very expensive, while the
hostel would be much cheaper.
2.13 Lesson 4G, Exercises 6 and 8

Girl I’m going to spend three months in the UK
studying English at a British university. I can
stay with a host family or in university
accommodation. Can you give me some advice
about which would be better?
Boy Yes, of course. Let me see. One advantage of
staying in university accommodation is that it
would be very convenient. You’d be on campus
so you wouldn’t have to travel.

Helpdesk Is the MP3 player in the basket?
Intermediate Student’s Book Customer Yes, it is.
audio scripts Helpdesk OK. Click on ‘Check out’ then enter your
payment details.
Customer I’ve already done that.
Unit 5 Helpdesk Good. Click on ‘Continue’. On the next page
you’ll see a summary of your transaction. Can
2.14 Lesson 5A, Exercise 5 you see that?
1 Customer Yes. There’s a ‘Complete your purchase’

button.
open or close an app, a new window, a folder, a file, a
Helpdesk Don’t click on that button just yet. Enter the
document
discount code first.
2 Customer OK. RX4569PLQ. Click on ‘Apply code?’
save a document, a file, a photo, your work Helpdesk Yes.
3 Customer Oh dear. It says it’s out of date! What a

nuisance. Can I have a discount anyway?
enter your password, your username, your name, your
Helpdesk No, I’m afraid not.
address
Customer OK, never mind. I’ll click on ‘Complete your
4 purchase’. Done.
scroll up or down a page, a menu, a document Helpdesk Is there anything else I can help you with?
5 Customer No, that’s all. Thanks for your help.
empty the trash, the recycle bin 2
6 Operator Good morning. Oxford Savings Bank. How can I

help?
check or uncheck a box
Customer Oh, hello. I keep getting emails from you asking
7 me to change my password.
follow a link Operator I’ll put you through the department that deals
with internet security.
8
Customer OK. Thanks.
copy and paste text, a photo, a file, a document, a link, a Helpdesk Hello, technical support, can I help?
folder
Customer I keep getting emails from you asking me to
9 change my password. But my password works
fine. I was wondering what I should do
create an account, a document, a file, a link, a folder
with them.
10 Helpdesk You need to be very careful with emails like
click or double click on a button, an icon, a link that. It’s probably someone phishing.
Customer Fishing? On a website?
2.15 Lesson 5A, Exercises 6 and 7 Helpdesk It’s when someone makes an email look like it’s
from a real organisation, like a bank. But in fact
1
they’re just trying to get personal information
Helpdesk Hello, how can I help? from you, like passwords.
Customer I’m trying to buy an MP3 player for my Customer So it isn’t from you?
daughter. I’ve added it to my shopping basket.
I’ve got a discount code here but I’m not sure
what to do with it.

Helpdesk No, but can you forward it to us, please? And Man The one about Sabine Moreau, a woman from
then you should delete the email from your Belgium. It’s quite funny. Listen to this: ‘When
inbox. And whatever you do, don’t follow any 67-year-old Sabine Moreau got in her car and
links contained in the email. set off from her home in Belgium, she was
Customer Who do I forward it to? planning to pick up a friend from a station about
60 km away. She used her satnav to guide her
Helpdesk security@osb.com.
and did not notice when the satnav started
Customer OK, thanks. I’ll do that now. taking her in the wrong direction. She ended up
3 about 1500 km away in Croatia, having
travelled through six different countries! The
Helpdesk Good morning. Can I take your name, please? journey took two and a half days,’ it says here.
Customer James Ford. Woman That’s amazing. What did she do when she got
Helpdesk Is it all right if I call you James? to Croatia?
Customer Yes, sure. Man She had to drive all the way home again!
Helpdesk What can I do for you today, James? Woman I reckon she just wanted to spend a couple of
Customer My friend has sent me an email, but I can’t see days on her own. I mean, I don’t think you can
it in my inbox. I’ve clicked on ‘Send and drive across six countries by mistake! Did
Receive’ but I keep getting an error message. It anyone notice that she was missing?
tells me to enter my username and password. I Man Er … yes, they did. It says here: ‘During that
keep doing that, and it says I’ve got it wrong. time, Ms Moreau’s son contacted the police and
But I know I haven’t. told them that his mother had disappeared.
Helpdesk OK, have you tried sending an email too? When reporters asked Ms Moreau about her
mistake, she told them that she had had “a few
Customer Yes, with the same result.
things to think about” and hadn’t really noticed
Helpdesk You probably just need to reset your password. what was happening.’
Can I just take you through a few security
Woman That’s what she says now. But in my view, she
questions?
invented the whole story about the satnav.
Customer Sure.
Man I’m not sure. I expect hundreds of people end
Helpdesk What are the first and second letters of your up in completely the wrong place because of
mother’s maiden name? their satnav. When you’re following a satnav,
Customer B and R. you stop thinking for yourself.
Helpdesk And your house number and postcode? Woman I know … but you don’t drive for two and half
Customer 51 and ZX3 HJ51. days. That’s ridiculous!
Helpdesk Thank you. And your date of birth?

Customer 20th July 1996.
Helpdesk OK, I’ve sent you an email with a code to your 1
other email address. Log on to your email Customer Hi. I wonder if you can help me?
account. Once you’ve got it, you can reset your
Clerk Sure. What’s the problem?
password using the code provided.
Customer My smartphone is locked. If I put the pass code
Customer OK, thanks. I’ll give it a go. It’s odd because my
in, nothing happens.
other email account seems to be working
perfectly well. Clerk Right. Can I see?
Customer Yes. Look: 5-2-6-1. Nothing.
2.16 Lesson 5C, Exercises 2 and 3 Clerk Hmm. This phone automatically locks if an
incorrect passcode is entered three times. Are
Man Have you see this story in the newspaper?
you sure you’ve got the right passcode?
Woman Which one?
Customer Yes, I’m sure. But my three-year-old son was
playing with it this morning …
Clerk Ah, well that could be the problem. I expect he’s
pressed some keys and locked your phone.
Anyway, I’m afraid I can’t help you. We can’t
unlock phones here. You need to contact your
phone network. They’re the only people who
can unlock it.

Customer How long does it take? Girl It isn’t stealing. He said it was OK.
Clerk It’s hard to say. I reckon you should allow at Boy I don’t mean stealing from your friend. I mean
least three or four days. stealing from the people who made the songs.
Customer Oh dear! That’s quite a long time. Are you sure It’s called copyright theft and it’s damaging …
you can’t do anything to help me? Girl Look, that isn’t the point! Don’t use my MP3
Clerk I’m afraid not. player without asking!
2 4
Man Can I help you? Dad You were great. I didn't know you could dance
so well!
Woman Oh, yes. Do you live around here?
Girl Thanks, Dad. Did you video any if it?
Man You could say that. That’s my house!
Dad Yes, I did. I used my new camcorder.
Woman I’m trying to find the Victoria Hotel. My satnav
says it’s up this road … Girl Ooh. Let me see.
Man But this isn’t a road. You can see that! And Dad There should be four or five clips.
you’re ruining my grass! Girl These are all clips of a football match!
Woman Are you sure this isn’t the Victoria Hotel? Dad Oh. I recorded those yesterday. I wonder
Man Of course I’m sure! I live here!! what happened.
Woman Oh, how annoying. All right, I’ll turn around. Girl Basically, you didn't record anything at
all tonight.
Man Don’t turn around, you’ll ruin the plants. Just
go backwards. Dad I tried to! Actually, it did keep giving me a
message - something about ‘memory full’. I
Woman All right. Look, it isn’t my fault. I’m just following
wasn’t sure what it meant.
the satnav. Do you know where the hotel is?
Girl It means the memory is full.
Man I think there’s a hotel around the next corner.
But it isn’t called the Victoria Hotel. It’s the Dad So, what do I do about that?
Empire Hotel. Girl Never mind. Actually, all the members of the
Woman The Empire Hotel. That’s the one! cast are getting together a bit later to celebrate
the end of the show. I'll talk to people there.
Man You said the Victoria.
Maybe somebody else videoed it.
Woman I know, but I’m pretty sure it’s called the Empire.
Dad I hope so. I think the man next to me had a
Thank you. Bye!
camcorder too.
Man Don’t drive over my … roses.
Girl OK. Anyway … Thanks for coming. Glad you
3 enjoyed it!
Girl Have you been using my MP3 player? 5

Boy Er … no. Boy Is that a new games console?
Girl Yes, you have! Girl No, it isn’t. But it’s a new game.
Boy Well, maybe once or twice. How do you know? Boy It looks good. What’s it called?
Girl Because all the songs are different! Girl Temple of Fear. It’s fun … but I’m stuck.
Boy I added a few songs, you’re right. Do you like Boy I reckon you need to get to the other side of
them? that river.
Girl Not really. Why did you erase all my songs? Girl I agree. But how?
Boy I didn’t erase anything. I just copied about ten Boy I’m not sure. Keep looking for clues. Maybe
new songs onto it. there’s a secret bridge – or a boat.
Girl You did erase them. Look – there are only ten Girl I’ve nearly run out time.
songs on here now, and they’re yours. Mine
Boy How do you know?
aren’t here.
Girl There’s a timer in the corner. I’ve got less than
Boy Oh, I’m sorry. Never mind – you’ve got a back-
twenty seconds left! And I’ve been stuck in the
up of your songs on your computer, haven’t
same place for ages.
you?
Boy What does that number mean? Three. Is that
Girl No, I haven’t! I loaded them onto the MP3
how many lives you’ve got left?
player from a friend’s tablet.
Girl No, that’s my score. I’ve got three points.
Boy That’s stealing.
Boy Only three points? That’s terrible.

Girl I know. But it’s my first time. Turing predicted that by the year 2000, the average person
Boy Even so … three points! And look at the top ‘will not have more than a 70 per cent chance of making the
score: it’s over a million. right identification’. In other words, computers would trick the
judges 30 per cent of the time. An American called Hugh
Girl Yes, all right. I know I’m doing badly, you don’t
Loebner was fascinated by Turing’s idea, and in the early
need to tell me.
1990s he offered a prize of $100,000 to the creator of the
first chatbot to pass the ‘Turing Test’. In order to win the
2.18 Lesson 5D, Exercise 2 $100,000, a chatbot must convince at least 30% of the
Freya Hi Archie. I didn’t understand that email you judges that it is human. Many chatbots have entered the
sent me yesterday. competition but so far no chatbot has won the big money
prize. Mitsuku, however, came very close. In the
Archie I didn’t send any emails yesterday.
conversation at the beginning of this article, Mitsuku is A
Freya Well, you might have sent it earlier. But I got and the real human is B. You can tell that A is not human
it yesterday. because at one point in the conversation, A says ‘Humans
Archie I can’t have sent you an email. My phone hasn’t are not too intelligent at times.’ Although Mitsuku failed to
been working for a week. win the $100,000, it certainly won’t be long before a chatbot
Freya Somebody must have used your account. The is able to fool the Loebner judges into thinking that it is a
email had a link to a competition, but when I real person.
clicked on it, nothing happened. But is the Turing Test a good way to decide if a machine is
Archie Oh no! You shouldn’t have clicked on the link. intelligent? Critics argue that the chatbots in the competition
You’ve possibly downloaded some malware are merely imitating humans. Humans are the only animals
onto your phone. on Earth that can speak and that’s why Turing chose to
focus on it. But what is really impressive, critics say, is
Freya That’s terrible! You should have warned
machines that do things that we can’t do. For example, it is
me earlier.
amazing that Google can search hundreds of millions of
Archie I didn’t know! Anyway, you might not have websites for a single word in a matter of seconds, or that a
downloaded anything. It’s possible that you NASA computer can control a rocket on a journey from
were lucky. You just need to wait and see. Earth to Jupiter. Even some of the things that smartphone
Freya Anyway, you need to warn your other friends. apps can do are extremely impressive. Those achievements
That email could have gone to everybody in are far more interesting and useful than a chatbot’s. A
your address book! chatbot is really nothing more than a successful liar, so the
argument goes.
2.19 Lesson 5F Fans of the Turing Test, on the other hand, feel that humans
Testing intelligence are themselves machines. It’s just that our brains are far
more complex than computers. As philosopher and scientist
This conversation is between a real human and a computer Daniel Dennett said in a recent interview, ‘It’s not impossible
programme called Mitsuku. Programs like Mitsuku are called to have a conscious robot. You’re looking at one.’
‘chatbots’. Mitsuku was the winner of the Loebner Prize in
2013, an annual competition to find a program that can pass 2.20 Lesson 5G, Exercises 2 and 3
the Turing Test. The test, designed to measure artificial
intelligence, was invented by British mathematician This photo show three young students in a big field. It could
Alan Turing. be a science lesson. Their teacher might have asked them
to do a project about the weather. The two girls are holding
Fifty or sixty years ago, computers were very simple
tablets and the boy is checking a piece of equipment – it
machines, but even then scientists believed that one day
looks like something to do with measuring wind. The girls
machines would be able to ‘think’ and that they would
might be recording some results or measurements on
probably be as intelligent as humans. The question was,
their tablets.
‘How can we measure the intelligence of a machine?’ Alan
Turing, who had helped to break the German Enigma code
during the Second World War, came up with an answer. He
said we need to ask ‘Can this computer talk? Can it have a
conversation like a human?’ If it can, he argued, then it is
intelligent and it can think. In a Turing test, judges sit at a
screen and have a chatroom conversation with the chatbot
program. They don’t know if they are chatting with another
person or with a chatbot. After exchanging messages for
five minutes, the judge decides if he or she is chatting with a
human or a machine.

2.21 Lesson 5G, Exercises 5 and 6 Boy Personally, I think it is possible to learn without
a teacher. For example, you can learn a lot from
Boy The common theme in the photos is education. the internet. But in my view, you can learn much
Both photos show a lesson of some kind. And in better when you have a teacher because he or
both photos, there are three students. They look she can explain things to you. In photo B, it
quite young, so they’re probably primary school looks as though one of the students is asking a
students. In the first photo, the students are question and the teacher is answering. So the
outside, whereas in the second photo, they’re in teacher can make sure the student really
a classroom. There might be other students in understands. A tablet or a computer can’t make
the same classroom, but we can’t see them in sure you understand!
the photo. It looks like a typical classroom in a
primary school: there are lots of pictures and
charts on the walls, and it is quite colourful.
2.23 Exam Skills Trainer 3, Exercise 4
Unlike the second photo, the first photo does Tim You've got a new smartphone, Sal! Can I have
not show the teacher. In the second photo, a look at it?
they’re listening to the teacher rather than Sal Yes, of course, Tim. I got it for a good price,
looking at tablets. and it's great for social networking. My parents
Teacher Do you think the students are finding their didn’t want me to buy it, though. They keep
lessons interesting? telling me I spend too much time on my phone
Boy Interesting? Yes, I do. Not all of them seem already, and this one has even more things to
very excited – but they look to me as if they’re keep me busy!
concentrating and happy. So they must find it Tim You know, I sort of understand their point. I
interesting. And it’s really important to enjoy wish my sister would put her phone down once
lessons at school, because if you enjoy it, you in a while. She even uses it at the dinner table,
learn better. If you aren’t enjoying a lesson, you and it drives us all crazy! She never hears what
often stop concentrating, and then you we’re saying, or talks to us.
learn nothing. Sal Yeah, some of my friends are like that. It is
frustrating. Anyway, my parents don’t let
2.22 Lesson 5G, Exercises 8 and 9 anyone bring their phone to the dinner table.
Teacher Do you think using smartphones and tablets is a Tim Really?
good way for students to learn? Sal Yeah, it’s good because we really do talk about
Boy Yes, I do. a lot of important things while we’re eating. If
our phones were on, we probably wouldn't
Teacher Why?
communicate at all.
Boy Because young people today love playing with
Tim Well, my mum thinks the MP3 player on my
phones and tablets. It seems to me that using
phone is bad for me, so she only lets me use it
them for lessons is very motivating for them.
for an hour a day. She says it’s going to
Also, you can use a smartphone to access all
damage my hearing.
kinds of information. For me, the important thing
is that you find the information yourself – so Sal You do have the volume up very high. I’ve
you’re more likely to remember it. In the second heard it from across the room. Maybe you could
photo, they’re listening to the teacher rather make a deal with your mum. Say you'll agree to
than looking at tablets. Which is fine – but the play music much more quietly if you can use the
way I see it, they’re more likely to forget the MP3 player more often.
information, because they aren’t discovering it Tim That’s a good idea. Thanks! Hey, can you show
for themselves. me what games you have on your phone?
Teacher Do you think it is possible to learn without a
teacher?

Boy You’ll certainly be more popular if you can laugh
Intermediate Student’s Book at things.
audio scripts Girl Plus intelligence of course.
Boy I agree. And you need to be good at
communicating.
Unit 6 Girl Yes, the ability to communicate is absolutely
vital. You need to be really good at
2.24 Lesson 6A, Exercise 3 explaining things.
creative creativity 3
enthusiastic enthusiasm Boy I’d hate to have this job.

flexible flexibility Girl Really? I think it would be quite rewarding.
generous generosity Boy But very stressful.
optimistic optimism Girl Maybe. You need to be patient.
pessimistic pessimism Boy I think patience is less important than
punctual punctuality physical courage.
realistic realism Girl Yes, you certainly need physical courage. You
might get into some quite dangerous situations.
sociable sociability
And you need to be physically fit.
sympathetic sympathy
Boy So patience, physical courage and fitness.
Which do you think is the most useful quality of
2.25 Lesson 6A, Exercises 5 and 6 the three?
1 Girl Physical courage. But the ability to
communicate is probably even more important.
Girl I think you need to be really sympathetic. The
It’s better to solve problems with words rather
more sympathetic you are, the better you’ll be
than force.
at the job.
Boy Yes, I agree, sympathetic and caring. Because
you’re looking after very vulnerable people. I
think you also need to be quite idealistic. At the age of sixteen, Nellie Bly read an article in her local
Girl I’m not sure about that. I don’t think idealism is newspaper which argued that women were not able to do
as useful as patience. And you need to show the same jobs as men. Furious, she wrote an anonymous
lots of initiative. article in reply and sent it to the paper. The paper’s editor
was so impressed that he offered her a job: Nellie was now
Boy True. And these days they have to work longer
a journalist!
and longer hours so you need to be very hard-
working too. At that time, female journalists mostly wrote about fashion
and gardening, but Nellie had other ideas. She was
Girl Absolutely.
determined to be an investigative journalist who wrote about
2 serious issues, like women’s rights and the problems of
factory workers. But when Nellie accused companies of
Boy There are lots of qualities you need for this job.
treating workers badly, they refused to buy advertisements
But I think that the most important quality
in the paper, so the editor stopped Nellie’s investigations.
is punctuality.
In 1887, Nellie moved to the New York World newspaper,
Girl Punctuality? Really?
where the owner, Joseph Pulitzer, helped her to do
Boy Yes. You can’t tell people off for being late if undercover work. For example, Nellie pretended to be
you’re never on time yourself. insane so that she could become a patient at a psychiatric
Girl I suppose so. And you need a good sense of hospital in New York and find out about the conditions there.
humour. As a result of Nellie’s shocking discoveries, the authorities
changed the way they cared for mentally ill patients. This

was probably her greatest success as an 2.29 Lesson 6C, Exercises 7 and 8
investigative journalist.
Interviewer So, how did Nellie first get the idea of
travelling around the world?
Guest She read a novel by Jules Verne called
1 ‘Around the World in Eighty Days’. Nellie
Nellie’s first editor wanted her to write about fashion. decided to copy the adventure and try to go
However, … around the world in fewer than eighty days.
Interviewer Eighty days seems like quite a long time.
2
Guest Well, the year was 1888 – and of course, in
There were very few female reporters in those days. In those days, there were no aeroplanes or
fact, … helicopters. As a result, it took a long time to
3 travel long distances.
Interviewer So how did Nellie pay for this adventure?
She wanted to write about people whom the rest of society
ignored. For instance, … Guest The owner of the newspaper, Joseph Pulitzer,
agreed to pay for it. It was good publicity.
4 Indeed, another New York newspaper called
Her reports often criticised the factory owners. Cosmopolitan thought it was such a good idea
Consequently, … that they sent their own reporter, Elizabeth
Bisland, to go around the world too.
5
Interviewer Did the two women travel together?
They worked long hours in the factory. Indeed, … Guest No. They both left New York on 14th
6 November 1889. But Nellie went east, across
the Atlantic to London. Elizabeth travelled in
She discovered that patients in psychiatric hospitals lived in the opposite direction, west across the United
terrible conditions – though … States.
Interviewer So it was a race?
2.28 Lesson 6C, Exercise 6 Guest Exactly! Who could go around the world first?
1 Interviewer And how did Nellie get on?
Nellie’s first editor wanted her to write about fashion. Guest Most of her trip went well. From London, she
However, Nellie was not interested in that. went to France and met the author Jules
Verne in a town called Amiens. She then went
2
by train to Brindisi, in Italy. From there, a ship
There were very few female reporters in those days. In fact, took her to Port Said in Egypt, then Singapore
Nellie was one of the first. and Hong Kong. There, she boarded another
ship to take her back to the USA. However,
3
while she was crossing the Pacific Ocean,
She wanted to write about people whom the rest of society there was a storm. She arrived late in San
ignored. For instance, she wrote about children who worked Francisco and missed her train to New York.
in factories. Interviewer Oh dear. So what happened?
4 Guest Joseph Pulitzer didn’t want Nellie to lose the
race. For that reason, he paid for a private
Her reports often criticised the factory owners.
train to bring her home. She managed to win
Consequently, she was not popular with those people.
the race and go around the world in 72 days,
5 six hours, eleven minutes and
fourteen seconds.
They worked long hours in the factory. Indeed, they started
before sunrise.
2.30 Lesson 6F
6
Rags to Riches
She discovered that patients in psychiatric hospitals lived in
terrible conditions – though nobody seemed to know or care. Sophia Amoruso is the highly successful CEO of Nasty Gal,
an online fashion retailer with over 550,000 customers in
150 countries. But Sophia is not your average entrepreneur
and certainly nothing like the majority of CEOs that you
come across in today’s business world.

Amoruso hated school and left home at the age of Amoruso isn’t going to stop there, however. She has big
seventeen. She did a variety of boring jobs, spent a couple plans for Nasty Gal and is prepared to work hard for it. She
of years hitch-hiking around, and then got arrested for knows how much time and effort has gone into building the
shoplifting. Luckily, the police didn’t charge her and she business and has no time for people who think success like
moved to San Francisco. There, she got a job in a shoe hers comes easily. ‘A lot of people in my generation don’t
shop, from which she was soon sacked. Her next job was on seem to understand that you have to work your way up,’ she
the reception desk at an art school, checking student IDs. writes in her book #GIRLBOSS.
While sitting at her computer, she spent hours visiting
shopping sites such as eBay and the social networking site 2.31 Lesson 6G, Exercises 3 and 4
MySpace. She was interested in fashion and photography
and thought that selling clothes on eBay might be an Student I saw a job advert for hotel staff and I was
amusing way to make money. So she resigned from her job wondering if I could discuss it with you.
and bought a book called Starting an eBay Business Teacher Certainly. What would you like to know?
for Dummies. Student Well, first of all, I’d like to know what the
She decided to start buying and selling vintage designer job involves.
clothes – clothes that would appeal to fashion-conscious Teacher It involves cleaning guests’ bedrooms in the
women like herself in their late teens and early twenties. morning, and after that, working in
Having named her eBay store ‘Nasty Girl Vintage’, she the restaurant.
began visiting second-hand clothes shops and charity
Student Oh, I see. Could you tell me what I would be
shops, and spent hours searching for designer clothes that
doing in the restaurant?
other people had rejected. Occasionally, she came across
something really valuable that other customers had Teacher Mostly serving customers. The restaurant gets
evidently missed. For example, she bought a Chanel jacket very busy at lunch time.
at a Salvation Army store for $8 and sold it on eBay for Student Well, I’m hard-working so that won’t be a
$1,000. She also searched for second-hand clothes online. problem. I’m also very polite and I enjoy
For example, she found Yves Saint Laurent clothes by working with the public.
googling misspellings of the designer’s name. She reasoned Teacher That’s good. You’ll need to be very patient and
that anyone who couldn’t spell the name probably had no cheerful too.
idea how much the clothes were worth!
Student I believe I possess those qualities too. The job
Amoruso realised that people were more likely to visit her sounds ideal for me. Something else I’d like to
eBay shop if her clothes were worn by real people rather ask about is the hours. I’d be interested to know
than photographed hanging on a door or thrown across a when I would start and finish work exactly.
bed. As she explained, ‘Put it on the right girl, with the right
Teacher The hours are 8 a.m. to 3 p.m., Tuesday to
hair and the right attitude, showing people how they could
Saturday.
wear it – that was everything.’ So she employed her
MySpace friends as models. She had hardly any money to Student So I would get Sunday and Monday off?
spend on wages, so she paid them in hamburgers! Teacher Yes, that’s right.
In 2007, eBay suspended her account because other eBay Student That’s good. Moving on to the question of pay,
sellers had complained about the links on her eBay pages to may I ask what the salary is?
her MySpace page, where she had also begun to sell her Teacher Yes, it’s £7 an hour. We may occasionally ask
clothes. But she didn’t worry about that. She had no regrets you to work overtime. Would you be willing to
about leaving the auction site. Customers were flocking to do that?
her MySpace page, and she had already learned all she
Student Yes, I think so. Finally, could I ask you about
could from her time on eBay – to respond to every customer
accommodation? I’d like to know if
comment and to really understand the people who were
accommodation is included.
buying her clothes and what they liked about them. This has
allowed her to build up a large group of incredibly loyal Teacher No, I’m afraid it isn’t. You’ll have to find your
customers. Most are women in their twenties who come own accommodation. Is that a problem?
back again and again to her online store. Half of Nasty Gal’s Student No, it isn’t. I’m staying at a friend’s flat and she
business comes from customers who are returning for a says I can stay as long as I like.
second, third or fourth visit. Teacher Well, it sounds like you are ideally suited to the
That is quite rare in retail stores, whether online or on the job, so I’d like to offer it to you.
high street. From a small office in Amoruso’s aunt’s house in Student Thank you. I’d be delighted to accept it.
2006, Nasty Gal has moved to enormous offices and
warehouses in Los Angeles with over 350 employees, 75%
of whom are women. Even Amoruso’s mother works for
Nasty Gal, but only part-time!

only two agreed. Anyway, I booked really good seats right at
Intermediate Student’s Book the front. It was an amazing experience! As I expected, the
audio scripts music was fantastic, as were the singers and dancers. I’m
going to go again, but I need to find someone else to go with
as my friends weren’t so impressed by it.
Unit 7 3.03 Lesson 7C, Exercise 2

“The Lost Generation” by Jonathan Reed
3.02 Lesson 7A, Exercises 7 and 8
1 I am part of a lost generation.
And I refuse to believe that
Last weekend I went to a gallery in London with my parents.
There was a big exhibition of modern art on that they I can change the world.
wanted to see. I really wasn’t particularly keen to go as I’m I realize this may be a shock, but
not a big fan of modern art, but I like to keep an open mind ‘Happiness comes from within’
and was prepared to revise my opinion. So I went along with
Is a lie, and
them. The artist, who’s already quite famous, had created
some sculptures using everyday objects from around her ‘Money will make me happy’
home. My parents loved it, but although one or two of the So in thirty years, I will tell my children
sculptures were quite interesting, I didn’t really understand They are not the most important thing in my life.
what the artist was trying to say. I’ll think of an excuse if my
My employer will know that
parents ask me again.
I have my priorities straight because
2
Work
Last summer I went to a music festival with a group of Is more important than
friends. It was the first time I’d been to a festival. I wasn’t
Family
planning on going but a friend had a spare ticket. Anyway, I
was really looking forward to it. Unfortunately, it rained most I tell you this:
of the time and the field we were camping in turned into a Once upon a time
sea of mud. I didn’t mind that really, but I thought the music Families stayed together
would be better. The bands weren’t particularly well known
But this will not be true in my era.
and the one band I was looking forward to seeing cancelled
at the last minute. Despite that, we’ve agreed to go again This is a quick fix society
next year. Experts tell me
3 Thirty years from now, I will be celebrating the tenth

anniversary of my divorce.
Last month I went to the theatre with my family. We saw a
I do not concede that
play called An Inspector Calls by J. B. Priestly. We’re
studying the play at school. It’s a bit boring and I’d already I will live in a country of my own making.
seen it a couple of times on DVD, but mum convinced me In the future,
that it would be a good idea to see it again. Anyway, it was Environmental destruction will be the norm.
as bad as I’d feared. It was a local amateur theatre company
No longer can it be said that
and the acting was pretty awful. I suppose it didn’t do me
any harm though. Seeing a live performance at the theatre My peers and I care about this Earth.
has helped me to get to know the play a bit better. It will be evident that
4 My generation is apathetic and lethargic.

It is foolish to presume that
I hardly ever watch or listen to musicals – maybe about once
a year, if that. But last weekend I went to see Mamma Mia! There is hope.
in London. I’m a big ABBA fan and I’d been meaning to go And all of this will come true unless we reverse it.
and see it for ages. I asked lots of friends to come along, but

3.04 Lesson 7C, Exercise 4 Speaker 3
And all of this will come true unless we reverse it. I went out for a meal with some friends last weekend. We
had Thai food because they wanted to try something
There is hope.
different – and for once, I agreed! And you know, it wasn’t
It is foolish to presume that too bad. A bit hot and spicy for me, but very tasty. I actually
My generation is apathetic and lethargic. enjoyed it. I might try Indian some time … perhaps.
It will be evident that Speaker 4
My peers and I care about this Earth.
We stayed three nights in a hotel in Paris. All I can say is
No longer can it be said that that at least the location was very good. As for the hotel
Environmental destruction will be the norm. itself … well, I suppose it’s just a place to sleep, isn’t it? Who
In the future, needs nice décor? Or polite staff?
I will live in a country of my own making. Speaker 5
I do not concede that My sister called round and gave me my birthday present. It
Thirty years from now, I will be celebrating the tenth was a jumper, which was … a surprise. She doesn’t usually
anniversary of my divorce. buy me clothes. It’s quite a colourful jumper – red, blue and
Experts tell me orange. Unusual. Well, anyway … it was very kind of her to
buy it for me.
This is a quick fix society
But this will not be true in my era.
Families stayed together
Speaker 1
Once upon a time
I tell you this: If you take the time to listen carefully to the words of the best
rappers – people like Eminem and Jay-Z, and some of the
Family
female rappers too, like Lil’ Kim and Missy Elliott – then
Is more important than you’ll realise how good they are. It isn’t just poetry, it’s
Work fantastic poetry. In fact, I’d say that some of them are the
I have my priorities straight because best poems being written today. Seriously, that’s my opinion.
Now a lot of people say that young people are no longer
My employer will know that
interested in great poetry. But that’s wrong, isn’t it? A lot of
They are not the most important thing in my life. teenagers listen to rap music and rap can be great poetry –
So in thirty years, I will tell my children even though some people don’t look at it like that. So I’d say
‘Money will make me happy’ that in some ways, poetry is more popular than ever among
young people.
Is a lie, and
‘Happiness comes from within’ Speaker 2
I realize this may be a shock, but You know the poems I hate most? They’re the ones you get
I can change the world. in greetings cards – birthday cards, Mother’s Day cards, that
kind of thing. I mean, a poem has to be original, doesn’t it?
And I refuse to believe that
To be a good poem, it has to come from the writer’s heart
I am part of a lost generation. and contain some real emotion. It has to be about why the
poet loves a particular man or woman – or why the poet is
3.05 Lesson 7C, Exercise 5 feeling particularly sad. These poems in greetings cards are
all the same. ‘I hope your birthday is full of fun … er … You
Speaker 1
really are a wonderful son.’ That kind of rubbish. I suppose
I went to the gym last week. It was the first time in years! I people actually have to spend time writing them. Imagine
tried lifting some weights and could only manage about 120 doing that job! It would be so depressing, wouldn’t it?
kilos. I know that would be a lot for most people, but for me Writing rubbish every day.
… well, I was really surprised how little I can lift now.
Speaker 3
Speaker 2
We’ve been looking at some modern poetry at school, in our
I went to see Robbie Williams in concert last weekend English classes. Some of it is OK but to be honest, I’m not
… again! It was in Manchester. He played some of his old keen on most of it. I just don’t get it. I mean, half of it doesn’t
songs and some of the songs from his new album. It was even mean anything! Or at least, I can’t work out what it
OK … but even I had to admit that he wasn’t brilliant. Maybe means. It just seems like random words. Poetry didn’t use to
he wasn’t feeling good. be like that. In the past, it was always clear what the
meaning of the lines was. And usually, it rhymed too. For

me, that’s what poetry should be like. That’s the skill of the 8
poet, isn’t it? If you don’t worry about meaning or rhyme,
[country and western]
then you can just write anything and call it a poem! ‘A leaf
on a tree … the sun shines … water flows … life goes on.’ 9
There, that’s a poem. Huh!
[classical]
Speaker 4
‘Hope is the thing with feathers / That perches in the soul, / 3.08 Lesson 7F
And sings the tune without the words, / And never stops at Granny graffiti
all.’ er … ‘And something something something heard, and
something is the storm’. Hang on … I can’t remember the The statue of Rocky outside the Philadelphia Museum of Art
rest. But it’s one of my favourites. It’s by Emily Dickinson. I is very popular with tourists, who often stop to take their
love her poems. In fact, most of the poems I like best are by photo in front of it without bothering to visit the museum
women. I think women make better poets than men – but itself. This irritated Jessie Hemmons, so last month the 24-
that’s just my personal opinion, of course! I don’t find it very year-old artist knitted a bright pink jacket and put it on the
easy to memorize poems. It takes me ages! But I enjoy statue of the boxer. She chose the colour because it attracts
doing it and I really like having a few poems that I know attention. On the front of the jacket, Jessie has knitted the
from memory. words ‘Go see the art’. Jessie hopes that her message will
result in more people visiting the gallery.
Speaker 5
This form of street art has become known as ‘yarn bombing’.
This is one I wrote last week. Ahem. ‘Black clouds fill the The craze is believed to have started in 2005, when Magda
sky. A child screams but nobody hears. A white dove sings Sayeg was working at Raye, her shop in Houston, Texas.
but cannot fly. I cry, but nobody sees my tears.’ Yeah. I One day she decided, just for fun, to knit a blue-and-pink
know … it’s a bit sad, isn’t it? Funny, really, because I cover for the shop’s door handle. She loved it, and –
wasn’t feeling down or anything when I wrote it. It’s often like unexpectedly – so did her customers. Pedestrians stopped
that … if I write a really sad poem, it doesn’t mean I’m on the pavement outside the shop to photograph it, and
feeling sad. You know, it’s a work of art, isn’t it? It’s not the even motorists slowed down to take a closer look. Their
truth. Like a singer can sing a really tragic song without reaction inspired Magda to make covers for other objects in
actually feeling those emotions for real. Most of my poems the street, such as a stop sign, a lamp post, a parking
are pretty black – about death, disease, that kind of thing. meter – and even an entire bus, which took a whole week to
I’m not sure why. I just like writing about those topics. I think complete! She decided to set up a group of knitters, which
they’re more powerful than happy topics. Who wants to read she called ‘Knitta Please’. Photos of their creations kept
about people feeling great? It’s boring. appearing on blogs and social networking sites and the
craze soon spread. There are now yarn bombing groups in
3.07 Lesson 7E, Exercise 1 dozens of countries and they have covered bus stops,
bicycle racks, benches, phone boxes and even fountains!
1 Like most types of street art, the works are temporary and
[heavy metal] begin to fall apart within a few weeks, so yarn bombers
photograph and film their works and upload them to the
2 internet, where everybody can see them.
[pop / rock] Some of the men who want to have their photos taken with
Rocky are disappointed when they see the jacket, but Jessie
3
is pleased that they react that way. She believes that most
[folk] street art is done by men and that yarn bombing is a more
feminine activity. But not everyone approves of the new form
4
of street art. Some people argue that if it is done without
[jazz] permission, then covering public objects in wool is
vandalism and littering. That may be true in the eyes of the
5
law, but the police appear to take a relatively relaxed
[blues] attitude to yarn bombers. They might interrupt them if they
see them at work in the street, but yarn bombers say the
6
police are more likely to find their activities amusing than
[hip-hop / rap] view them as criminal.
7 However, yarn bombing has landed Polish artist, Agata

Oleksiak, in serious trouble. Agata – or Olek, as she calls
[techno] herself – has been an active artist since 2003, and has
covered cars and diggers in wool, as well as a whole train in
her native city of Łódź. Her work has been shown in

museums and galleries around the world. But when Olek about our academy, and hopefully some of you might find
knitted covers and attached them to sculptures in an what we do interesting and join our academy from next
underwater museum near Cancún, the Mexican authorities September!
were not very happy. Like Jessie Hemmons’s jacket, Olek’s Well, although I myself am a dance instructor, dance is not
covers had a political message: she wanted to draw the only performing art we teach at our academy. We try to
attention to endangered species such as the whale shark. help students to develop their talents and go after their
But the director of the museum claims that Olek may herself dreams in all of the performing arts, including drama and
have harmed the marine life that grows on the sculptures. music. We can offer you specialist classes in dance, singing,
Olek is puzzled by the reaction. She claims that her drama and fitness. We encourage our students to build on
message is a positive one and sees herself as a their strengths and we also give our students the opportunity
professional artist. She believes that her creations are as to take part in activities which help them get the confidence
good as the paintings you see in the world’s best art to work as part of a group or as solo artists.
galleries, and if anyone calls her work ‘yarn bombing’, she
The lessons are held by qualified teachers and
gets quite upset.
professionals from the performing arts industry, and many of
Whether you see yarn bombing as a bit of fun that brightens our teachers have worked as choreographers with famous
up drab cities, or as a form of high culture with a serious stars, such as Robbie Williams, Justin Bieber or Beyoncé,
message, it is a craze that is likely to continue. as well as appearing on TV shows and in theatre
performances in the West End. All of our students work on
3.09 Lesson 7G, Exercises 3 and 5 performance techniques in the autumn term, such as dance
styles in dance lessons, or mime or voice in the drama
Teacher So which of these shows do you think is most
lessons. We also teach students how to communicate
suitable? What about the magic show? My
through their body, focusing on body language and
sister loves magic.
expressing their emotions.
Student To be honest, I really can’t stand magic shows.
During the summer term our students work on their
Teacher So, what do you like? There’s a play at the performance, as all of them perform in the end-of-year
open-air theatre and there’s also a musical. show. The show takes place at the Auburn Theatre, where
Student Well, I enjoy musicals very much. And I think all students are awarded a certificate for completing their
they’re popular with people of all ages. So for course in our Annual Awards Ceremony. In addition to the
that reason, it’s a good choice for a theatre performance, we also put on another two
family outing. performances each term, which take place in the hall at
Teacher Yes, I agree. I’m really keen on musicals. In our academy.
fact, everyone in my family likes them. We all Anyway, I know this a lot of information for you now, =so if
like plays too. you'd like to find out more, please visit our website. If you
Student Personally, plays aren’t really my thing. I would like to arrange to come and see one of the classes
definitely prefer musicals. before you apply, please do send us an email.
Teacher OK. That’s fine. So when shall we go?
Student Well, how about next Saturday? Can we check
that everyone is free that evening?
Teacher OK, we can ask them.
Student I want everyone to go, because it’s my treat. I'm
definitely buying all the tickets.
Teacher Really? That could be expensive.
Student That’s OK. I haven’t spent much of the money I
brought with me.
Teacher OK. That’s very kind of you! Now, where’s the
musical on?
Student At the theatre in town. So we can go by bus.
Teacher Good idea. That won’t be expensive!

Good morning. First of all, let me introduce myself. My
name's Gillian Richardson, and I'm a dance instructor from
Gold Performance, which is a Performing Arts Academy
based in central London. Today, I've come to talk to you

Boy No! That was ages ago.
Intermediate Student’s Book Woman If you have already used this card to top up …
audio scripts Boy I need to enter the numbers or the line will
go dead.
Mum It’s 4455. Just £5, mind.
Unit 8 Boy £5? Too late to change it …
Woman Thank you for using the mobile top up service.
3.11 Lesson 8A, Exercises 3 and 4 Your balance is now £15 and 15 pence.
1 Goodbye.
Jodie Hello. 3
Ryan Is that Mrs Kelly? Jake Hello.

Jodie No, it’s Jodie. Harriet Hi, Jake. It’s me. Harriet.
Ryan Oh sorry, Jodie. I didn’t recognise your voice. Jake Hi Harriet. I didn’t recognise the number. Have
You sound just like your mother. you changed it?
Jodie Thanks. Harriet Yes. That’s why I’m calling – to let you know.
Ryan Is your sister there? I’ve been trying to call you for a couple of days.
Did you get my messages?
Jodie Hang on a sec. I think she might be out. Amelia!
Phone! Jake Uh, no, I haven’t listened to my voicemail for a
day or two.
Mrs Kelly Amelia’s gone out.
Harriet Why weren’t you picking up yesterday?
Jodie Yeah, she’s out. Do you want to leave a
message? Jake Sorry, I noticed my phone was dead and I had
to charge it. Then I accidentally put the phone
Ryan Yes, please. Tell her a group of us are going to
on silent.
see a film tonight and can she phone or text if
she wants to come along too. Harriet Oh, well. You’ve got my new number now.
Jodie OK. I’ll tell her. Jake Thanks. I’ll save it to my contacts list. … hello,
are you still there?
Ryan Thanks. Bye now.
Harriet Yes, I’m here.
Jodie Bye.
Jake I think I lost the signal for a moment. Anyway,
2 gotta go now. I’ll see you on Saturday.
Woman Welcome to the mobile top-up service. Please Harriet OK. Bye.
enter the mobile number you want to top up
4
followed by the hash key.
Boy 0778 … 7622 … hash Girl Can you help me with my phone, Sam?
Woman Now enter the amount you wish to top up, Boy I’m not that tech-savvy myself, but I’ll try. What’s
between a minimum of five pounds and the problem?
maximum of 30, followed by the hash key. Girl I’m trying to call my mum in England, but it
Boy £15 should be enough. won’t let me make a call.
Woman To top up using a debit or credit card press 1. Boy Did you tell your mobile network that you were
To top up using a voucher, press 2.… If you travelling abroad?
have already used this card to top up, then just Girl Yes, I told them a week before I left and they
enter the last four digits of the long number and said I’d be able to make and receive calls.
press the hash key. Boy Are you connected to a local network here?
Boy Mum! I’m just topping up my mobile again.
What are the last four digits of your credit card?
Mum I topped it up for you last week, didn’t I?

Girl Yes. I got a welcome message when I switched Host So let’s start off with that question: how does
the phone on at the airport. It’s funny, because I information travel around the globe? I’d imagine
can send and receive texts, but it won’t let me it all happens with satellites and mobile phones
make calls. these days.
Boy Have you enabled ‘data roaming’? Professor In fact, that isn’t the case at all.
Girl Yes, I think so. Look. Host Oh really?
Boy Yep. That looks right. I think you’ll have to call Professor No. The truth is surprising to many people: the
your mobile network. They should be able to majority of information - over 95% of it - travels
sort it out. through cables under the sea.
Girl I’ve tried. But I can’t seem to call my network Host What kind of cables? How big are they?
from this phone, I guess because it’s an Professor Well, these cables are only about 8cm thick but
international call. can be more than 21,000 kilometres long. And
Boy You can call from my phone if you like. they connect every continent in the world
Girl That’s really kind of you. I’ll pay for the cost of except Antarctica. In fact, there are several
the call. different cables connecting most of the
continents. Millions of businesses and
Boy Don’t worry about it. I’ve got lots of credit.
individuals around the world depend on these
cables.
3.12 Lesson 8A, Exercises 7 and 8 Host And I suppose, being at the bottom of the sea,
Tom Hi Jane. they can’t really get damaged.
Jane Hi Tom. I’ve been trying to call, but I couldn’t Professor Actually, they do sometimes get damaged … by
get through. boats, or even by whales! In 2008, a major
Tom Sorry. The phone rang, but I couldn’t pick up as cable broke, and as a result, 60% of India lost
I was in school. It was in the middle of a maths its Internet connection.
lesson and the teacher told me to switch the
phone off. 3.14 Lesson 8C, Exercise 4
Jane Can you speak up? I can’t hear you very well. Speaker 1
Tom Is that better?
Oh, hi Sam. I’m on the train. We’re just passing … Anyway,
Jane A bit. Where are you? I’m just calling to say that I’ve been a bit delayed. So wait for
Tom I’m on the train. I’m going to spend the weekend me outside the theatre. We shouldn’t … the beginning.
with my cousin in London. Look, I’m running out You’ve got the tickets, right? OK … bye for now.
of credit. Can I call you back?
Speaker 2
Jane You’re breaking up.
Hello, Ava. It’s me, Alice. Thanks for the … – I got it
Tom I said, I’m running out of credit. And the signal
yesterday. I’m really … but I’m going to be away all
isn’t very good.
weekend. I hope you get this message and can invite
Jane No, the signal is terrible. somebody else. Have a great time. I’ve heard the … is a
Tom And now we’ve just gone into a tunnel! I think great place to eat. Enjoy it. Bye! Oh, and happy birthday for
we’re about to be cut off. Saturday!
Jane OK, I’ll hang up and get back to you. Speaker 3
Hi, Jake. It’s me. I got your text about the hotel in Paris.
3.13 Lesson 8C, Exercises 2 and 3 When … going exactly? I can’t remember the name of it,
Host Everyone knows that the modern world is sorry. But it’s really good … and not too … So I’d definitely
connected by a communications network. We book it, if I were you. I’ll check the name tonight. I can look
can send messages from one continent to back at my … Then I’ll text you. Bye!
another in less than a second and information
Speaker 4
travels around the internet at nearly the speed
of light. But how does this information get from Oh, hi Emma. Thanks for your …. Yes, I have got your top.
one part of the globe to another? Through the You left it at my house when you came for … I was going to
air? Using satellites? Here to discuss this send it back to you yesterday, but I couldn’t get to the post
question with me today is Professor Gary office. I was too busy with the … Anyway, I won’t forget.
Brown, a historian and an expert in Well, if I do, send me a text. But I’ll try not to! Hope you had
communications. Welcome. fun at the … Bye for now!
Professor Thank you.

3.15 Lesson 8C, Exercises 5, 6 and 8 Professor Yes. Finally, the job was finished. A few days
later, the first message was sent. Although it
Host So when were these cables first put there under was only a short message, it took 17 hours and
the sea? 40 minutes to send it!
Professor It’s an interesting story. The idea was first Host Why’s that?
discussed around 1840, soon after the invention
Professor Because reception across the cable was so
of the electric telegraph for sending messages.
bad! Today’s cables can transmit eight-four
And by 1850, a line was in place under the sea
thousand million words a second!
between Britain and France – but that’s quite a
short distance. The English Channel is only Host Wow, that’s amazing! Professor Brown,
about 30 kilometres wide. What the business thank you.
world really wanted was a link between Europe
and North America. Somebody had to work out 3.16 Lesson 8D, Exercises 2 and 3
how to lay a cable under the Atlantic.
Soldier Captain Hunter, this is the lady I told you
Host That’s several thousand kilometres. about. She’s the one who passed on that
Professor Indeed. Some people felt that the Atlantic was message about the plans for invasion.
just too wide for a cable. But one businessman, Capt Hunter Come in. Sit down. Will you tell us your
called Cyrus Field, believed passionately that it name?
was possible. He spent years raising money for
Woman I’m sorry. I cannot tell you that.
it. And by 1857, his company was ready to
make its first attempt at laying a cable. Capt Hunter Hmm. Well, I need to ask you some
questions. Is that all right?
Host And how did they get on?
Woman Of course.
Professor Not particularly well. Two ships set off from the
west coast of Ireland to begin laying the cable Capt Hunter When did you receive the message?
across the ocean to the east coast of America. Woman Yesterday morning. And another one today.
But unfortunately, the cable broke on the first Capt Hunter I see. Who is sending the messages?
day. They repaired the cable and carried on
Woman I cannot tell you that because I don’t know.
their work, but soon after, it broke again. This
time the cable was in water more than three Capt Hunter Really? That’s strange.
kilometres deep and they just couldn’t repair it. Woman But I knew the messages were important, so I
They decided to call off the attempt. wanted you to see them as soon as possible.
Host But I guess he didn’t give up. Capt Hunter But why? Why do you want to help us?
Professor No, he didn’t. A year later, Cyrus Field’s Woman Enemy soldiers took my father away. I think
company made another attempt. This time they he is dead.
tried a different approach. The two ships started Capt Hunter I see. I’m sorry.
in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. They joined
Woman I’m no friend of the enemy.
their two cables together, then they set off in
opposite directions. But the cable broke again – Capt Hunter That’s what you want me to believe. Can I
once after only six kilometres, then twice more. trust you?
So again, they abandoned the attempt and the Woman Yes, you can. I promise.
ships went back to port. Capt Hunter Hmm. How did you learn to speak English?
Host At this point, I don’t imagine people were feeling Woman My father is English … was English.
very optimistic about the project.
Capt Hunter Really? I see.
Professor No, they weren’t. But Cyrus Field was not
Woman So, you see, I really am on your side.
prepared to give up. His ships met once more in
the middle of the Atlantic. They joined their Capt Hunter I hope so … Will there be another message
cables and began to sail in opposite directions. tomorrow?
This time the cable didn’t break. One ship Woman I don’t know. I think maybe … yes. It
arrived at the coast of America on 4 August depends …
1858 and the other arrived at the coast of Soldier Sir! Colonel Smith from Military Command is
Ireland the next day. They used horses to pull on the phone. He says it’s urgent.
the ends of the cable out of the ocean and up
on to land.
3.17 Lesson 8D, Exercise 6
Host So the job was finished?
Woman Were the messages helpful?

Capt Hunter They saved a lot of lives. Who sent the space. The text mostly consists of dialogue and the
messages to you? language is direct, conveying a lot in a few words. Many cell
Woman My cousin sent them from his office. He works phone novelists had never written fiction before and many of
at enemy High Command. their readers have never read a normal novel. Other rules
have evolved; for example, authors only have one name and
Capt Hunter How did he send the messages in secret?
that is a pseudonym or pen name.
Woman He used the sun and a mirror.
In 2009, a young Japanese writer called Takatsu, who lives
Capt Hunter Why did his messages stop? in Canada, began writing the first English language cell
Woman The weather turned cloudy! phone novel, Secondhand Memories. Each instalment
appeared on textnovel.com, a website dedicated to cell
3.18 Lesson 8F phone stories. Takatsu had read an English translation of
Rin’s story If You and had been impressed by its simple and
A different type of phone book emotional language. It was a feature he deliberately copied
Although books are still popular with teenagers, most of when he started writing Secondhand Memories. However,
them spend more of their leisure time staring at their phone as the story progressed, the style gradually evolved into
than reading a paperback. And the more versatile phones something different. He now believes that, in English, cell
become, the more reasons young people have for looking at phone novels have a powerful and poetic identity of
them. In response to this trend, some smart, young authors their own.
have changed the way they write. Instead of publishing a Takatsu sees himself, and the other writers who contribute
whole book at once, they produce very short chapters, to textnovel.com, as part of a literary movement which
which they send once a week to their readers by text blends drama, technology, pop culture and social media.
message. Some even claim that this style of writing Cell phone novels encourage young people to engage in
represents a new literary genre: the ‘cell phone novel’. fiction, even those who would not normally pick up a book.
The very first cell phone novel was written in 2003 by a man They could be described as teen novels for the twenty-
in Tokyo who called himself Yoshi. It was called Deep Love first century.
and told the story of a teenager who contracted AIDS. It
became so popular, mainly through word of mouth, that it 3.19 Lesson 8G, Exercises 2 and 4
was later published as a paperback. The book version sold
Student I can see two people in the photo. One person
2.6 million copies and a television series, a comic book and
is lying on the ground, I can’t be sure but I’d say
a film were made of the story. Online companies became
that it’s a woman, judging by her shoes.
interested and set up websites where authors could upload
Another woman is kneeling beside her, helping
their stories and readers could discuss them in forums as
her. It’s clear that the woman lying on the
the stories evolved.
ground is not well. It’s hard to say but she might
Although the idea originated in Japan, cell phone novels have fallen over or it could be something more
have also sprung up in the rest of East Asia, Europe and serious, like a heart attack or a stroke. Anyway,
Africa. Many are written by high school or university the woman in the white shirt is on the phone.
students who are very familiar with the topics that teenagers I’m pretty certain that she’s phoning for
are interested in. Common themes are love, tragedy and an ambulance.
betrayal, and the stories often deal with difficult or
Teacher Thank you. How do you think the woman in the
controversial issues. Twenty-one-year-old Rin said that she
white shirt is feeling? Why do you think so?
started her novel If You during her final year at high school
and explained that it was the tragic love story of two Student Judging by the look on her face, I’d say that
childhood friends. she’s quite calm and seems in control. I don’t
think she’s panicking and she’s put the woman
Rin wrote her novel over a six-month period in spare
on the ground in the recovery position. So I
moments, often while commuting on the train. She typed out
think she may have taken a first-aid course.
instalments on her phone and uploaded them onto a popular
website for cell phone authors. Readers then voted her
novel the best that year and she was offered a book 3.20 Lesson 8G, Exercise 6
contract. Her book sold 400,000 copies and was number That’s an interesting question, but not one I’ve thought a lot
five in the Japanese bestseller list. Rin said that her mother about before now. No, I don’t think I would be good at that
had had no idea that she had been writing a novel and was job. There are a number of reasons why I say that. First of
therefore very surprised when she saw a book with her all, in my view you need to stay very calm and work well
daughter’s name on it. under pressure. I don’t think I’d be able to do that! Not only
The style of cell phone novels has evolved to suit the that, but you have to deal with people who are very upset. I
medium. Chapters have no more than 200 words, and often would find that quite difficult, I think. Also I don’t like talking
just 50–100 words. Sentences are short and there are no on the phone, so the idea of being on the phone all day
descriptions of anything or anybody because there isn’t doesn’t appeal to me. Finally, I really wouldn’t be the right

person for the job for the simple reason that I can’t stand the
sight of blood!

Girl Good morning. I left my jacket on the coach.
Intermediate Student’s Book Has it been handed in?
audio scripts Clerk Which coach did you leave it on?
Girl The one that arrived from Hastings at about 12.
Clerk I need to know which one exactly. What time
Unit 9 did it depart from Hastings?
Girl 10.15.
3.21 Lesson 9A, Exercises 6 and 8 Clerk OK. And where exactly did you leave it?
1 Girl On the luggage rack above my seat. I was at
the front of the coach.
Clerk Hello. Can I help you?
Clerk Can you describe it?
Woman Yes, I’d like two adult returns to
Guernsey, please. Girl It was just like any other coach, really–
Clerk When are you coming back? Clerk No, the jacket. Can you describe the jacket?
Woman Tomorrow. Girl Oh, sorry. Yes, it’s blue, made of cotton.
Clerk That’s £90, please … Thank you. Clerk OK, wait a moment. I’ll go and have a look. …
No, sorry, it hasn’t been handed in.
Woman The next sailing is at 11, isn’t it?
Girl Oh, dear.
Clerk Yes, that’s right.
Clerk If you fill out this form, we’ll contact you if it
Woman How long is the crossing?
turns up.
Clerk It’s three hours. … Here’s your boarding card.
You can go through to the departure lounge. 4
Woman Thank you. Oh, what time are the ferries back Taxi driver Let me take your bag. I’ll put it in the boot.
tomorrow? Boy OK, thanks. Can you take me to Queen Street,
Clerk There’s one at 10.30 in the morning and please?
another at 6.30 in the evening. You can travel Taxi driver Sure. … Can you put your seat belt on, please?
on either with those tickets.
Boy Do I have to?
Woman Thank you.
Taxi driver Yes, I’m afraid it’s the law now. … Whereabouts
2 in Queen Street are you going?
Girl Hi Mike! Over here! Boy Can you drop me off at the hostel near the tube
station?
Boy Oh, hi Sally! How do I get out?
Taxi driver Sure.
Girl Come through the barrier. Put your ticket in
the slot. 5
Boy Oh yes. Man Are you going to finish your burger?
Girl How was the journey? Woman No, it isn’t very nice.
Boy Bit of a nightmare, actually. There were Man Let’s get going then. We’d better fill up with
engineering works on the line so part of the petrol before we leave.
journey was by coach.
Woman OK. Which way are we going to go? The
Girl Oh, dear. motorway’s closed between junctions 8 and 9.
Boy Then there was a big delay because the signal Man We can come off at junction 7 and take smaller
broke down. So we were stationary for about roads. Did it say why they’ve closed it?
half an hour.
Woman No, but there were lots of police cars and a
Girl Oh, well, never mind. You’re here now. couple of ambulances heading that way, so it
3 must be an accident.
Clerk Morning.

6 6
Woman What can I get you? Would Jim’ve passed his maths exam if he’d worked
Boy An egg sandwich, please, and a sausage roll. harder?
Woman Sorry, we are out of egg sandwiches. We’re 7
picking up more sandwiches at Exeter, which is
If we’d had more time, we’d ‘ve changed some money at
the next station, so if you come after that we’ll
the airport.
have some.
Boy Don’t worry. I’ll have a ham sandwich instead. 8
Woman White or brown bread? What would you’ve done if you’d overslept this morning?
Boy White, please. And two teas.
Woman That’s £11.40, please. … Thank you … Here’s 3.24 Lesson 9C, Exercises 3 and 4
your change. Would you like the sausage roll 1
heated up?
I remember my first cruise as if it were yesterday. We
Boy Yes, please.
travelled down to Southampton on the train and boarded the
Woman It’ll just take a minute. Would you mind waiting Princess Ariadne in the early evening. Lights were coming
while I serve the next customer? on all around the port and the atmosphere was really
Boy No, not at all. magical.
2
3.22 Lesson 9B, Exercise 2
Just as we stepped out of the hotel, it started to rain – and
Sally We were supposed to be there by five and it’s suddenly, it was raining really hard. I tried to hail a tuk tuk,
5.15 already. If you’d remembered the satnav, but they weren’t stopping! All the tuk tuks were full.
we wouldn’t have got lost.
3
Ben We aren’t lost. I know where we are on the
map. We’re nearly there. I’d like to welcome passengers on board the 13:34 Great
Sally If we’d left home on time, we’d have arrived Eastern train from London. We are scheduled to reach Ely
by now. at 15:07, where the train will terminate. May I remind
passengers that a range of light snacks and beverages may
Ben Well, that isn’t my fault, is it? We’d have left on
be purchased in the buffet car.
time if your mum hadn’t phoned just as we
were leaving. 4
Sally Don’t blame my mum! And we wasted so much We booked our holiday with Martins & Cole last year.
time at the services. If we’d made sandwiches They’re expensive, but they take care of everything for you –
(like I suggested), we wouldn’t have had to stop flights, transfers, accommodation. So it’s worth it, in
for lunch. my opinion.
Ben Look, we’re here now, and only fifteen minutes
5
late. That isn’t so bad.
This is a passenger announcement. Will Damian Fairchild,
3.23 Lesson 9B, Exercise 5 Damian Fairchild, please proceed immediately to the
information desk next to gate 15, where his wife is waiting to
1 board British Airways flight 1782 to Dallas.
Tom would’ve taken a taxi if he’d had some cash on him. 6
2 It was our first trip to Las Vegas, so we booked a room at
If you’d found 80 euros on the way to school this morning, the Bellagio. It was amazing – there was a beautiful
would you’ve kept it? fireplace, and fantastic views from the windows. And our
bathroom was enormous!
3
If I’d known it was your birthday, I’d’ve bought you a present. 3.25 Lesson 9C, Exercise 5
4 1
If we’d walked all the way home, we’d’ve been exhausted. I regret to inform you that there will be a short delay of
twenty to thirty minutes due to a minor technical problem.
5
The problem concerns the air conditioning system and has
If I hadn’t wanted to work on this journey, I wouldn’t ‘ve no implications for safety. I would request that passengers
taken the train. remain seated during this period. I hope to give you an

update in due course. Meanwhile, the cabin crew will pass 3.26 Lesson 9C, Exercise 7
through the cabin with complimentary refreshments. The
captain and crew would like to thank you for your patience 1
and assure you that they are doing all they can to resolve I regret to inform you that there will be a short delay of
the issue. twenty to thirty minutes due to a minor technical problem.
2 The problem concerns the air conditioning system and has
no implications for safety. I would request that passengers
When I checked in, they didn’t mention any problems with remain seated during this period. I hope to give you an
the flight. It was only later, when I was in the departure update in due course. Meanwhile, the cabin crew will pass
lounge, that I noticed the word ‘Delayed’ on the screens. I through the cabin with complimentary refreshments. The
went to the information desk and tried to find out how long captain and crew would like to thank you for your patience
the delay would be, but they couldn’t tell me. They couldn’t and assure you that they are doing all they can to resolve
even tell me what the reason for the delay was, which was the issue.
quite annoying. Personally, I reckon they knew. Why
couldn’t they tell us? Anyway, they just offered the 2
passengers a free drink and told us to keep checking the Good afternoon, ladies and gentleman. As you will see if
screens for more information. Eventually, ‘Delayed’ changed you look out of the window, we are approaching our
to ‘Delayed for 4 hours’. That’s when the passengers really destination and we should be there approximately ten
got angry! In the end, the flight took off six hours late. Six minutes ahead of schedule. Unfortunately, it appears that
hours! there is a problem with the baggage handling at our
3 destination. Passengers will not be able to retrieve their
bags for at least an hour. We suggest that you wait in the
Woman Have you ever been on a flight that’s ready to arrivals hall for further information. We appreciate that this is
take off but can’t, because one of the inconvenient after a long journey, but wish you a pleasant
passengers is missing? holiday all the same. Should you need any advice regarding
Man Yes, I have. the transfer to your hotel, please contact a member of staff
Woman It’s annoying, isn’t it? Well last month, that in the terminal building.
‘annoying passenger’ was me.
Man Oh no! You’re kidding! What happened? Did 3.27 Lesson 9F
you fall asleep? Disastrous mistakes!
Woman No! In fact, I was at the airport quite early, A
checked in my bags and went through security.
I looked at the screen to see which gate I There were red faces at the headquarters of French train
needed, and I thought it said ‘gate 15’. So that’s company SNCF in 2014 when they discovered that 2,000
where I went … and waited … and waited. Then new trains they had ordered were three centimetres too
there was an announcement calling me to gate wide for many station platforms. The error appears to have
18, so I ran. It was so embarrassing! happened because RFF, the company that runs the rail
network, gave SNCF the wrong measurements. Instead of
Man Did you get there on time?
measuring all the platforms on the rail network, they only
Woman No, I didn’t. We were twenty minutes late taking measured platforms that were less than 30 years old. They
off. I’ll never make that mistake again. didn’t realise that the gap between platforms built more than
4 50 years ago is narrower, because trains in those days were
a bit slimmer. The new trains cost €15 billion, so there is no
Good afternoon, ladies and gentleman. As you will see if question of rebuilding them. It will be cheaper to alter the
you look out of the window, we are approaching our width of the platforms. But that has so far cost €50 million
destination and we should be there approximately ten and the job is not yet finished: there are still 1,000 platforms
minutes ahead of schedule. Unfortunately, it appears that that need adjusting.
there is a problem with the baggage handling at our
destination. Passengers will not be able to retrieve their B
bags for at least an hour. We suggest that you wait in the In September 1999, after a trouble-free 286-day journey
arrivals hall for further information. We appreciate that this is from Earth, the Mars Climate Orbiter fired its engines in
inconvenient after a long journey, but wish you a pleasant order to slow down and put itself into orbit around Mars. Its
holiday all the same. Should you need any advice regarding mission was to collect information about the Martian climate
the transfer to your hotel, please contact a member of staff and try to discover whether there was water on the surface
in the terminal building. of the red planet. The engines fired successfully, but that
was when the problems started. The spacecraft was only 60
kilometres from the planet’s surface, instead of 160
kilometres. According to NASA scientists in Florida, the

engine quickly overheated, stopped working and was unable Teacher That's a long time!
to prevent the spacecraft from continuing straight past the Student Is it? I think it's perfect. It’s just long enough to
planet. It is now probably orbiting the Sun. The accident relax and forget about school.
happened because two sets of engineers, one working in
Teacher OK. Let’s go for three weeks!
metric (millimetres) and the other working with the imperial
system (inches), failed to communicate while they were Student Great! Moving on to the question of
building the spacecraft. It turned out to be an expensive destination – where shall we go?
mistake – the Mars Climate Orbiter cost £125 million! Teacher The Baltic Coast is lovely, isn’t it?
C Student Yes. But I think I'd rather go to the Masurian
lakes. There's more to do there.
What is sea level? Surely it is the same everywhere on
Teacher Is there?
Earth? Well, in fact it isn’t, and that is what led to a problem
with a bridge being built across a river between Germany Student Yes, I think so. We could go kayaking, walking,
and Switzerland in 2004. In Germany, people measure fishing, sightseeing. That’s why I prefer
height in relation to the North Sea, while Switzerland that destination.
chooses to use the Mediterranean, which is 27 centimetres Teacher It sounds great.
lower. The engineers were fully aware of this difference Student We could go there by train. It doesn't cost too
between the two versions of sea level. However, as the two much. Then we could get a bus to a campsite.
sides of the bridge came closer to each other, it became
Teacher Or maybe a taxi, if it isn’t too expensive.
clear that they would not meet exactly as there was a height
difference of over half a metre: 54 centimetres, to be Student Yes, OK. That reminds me … we need to talk
precise. Instead of subtracting 27 centimetres, the German about how we’re going to pay for the holiday.
engineers had added 27 centimetres. The German side Teacher I’ve got some money in the bank.
therefore had to be lowered before the bridge could be Student I haven’t got enough for a holiday. We need
completed. quite a lot of money, don’t we?
D Teacher Yes! So what are you going to do?
In 1628, the Vasa was the most powerfully armed warship in Student I'm going to work part-time at my uncle's shop,
the world, with 64 enormous cannons. Her Swedish makers just for a few hours a week. My parents will give
were justifiably proud of her. But 20 minutes into her first me some money too.
journey, she was hit by strong winds. She tipped over to the Teacher Will they? That's kind of them, isn’t it?
side, water rushed into the ship and she quickly sank, only a Student Yes. But only if I work hard for my exams …
mile from the port. Thirty people died. Over the centuries,
scientists have tried to explain why the ship was unstable.
Most agreed that the top of the ship was far too heavy, but
that was not enough to explain why the ship sank. Now, Carl Hi, Erin. What are you reading?
however, scientists at the Vasa Museum, where the ship is Erin Oh, hi Carl! It’s an article about mobile phones.
displayed, believe they have the answer. They measured It says that some teenagers make written
every piece of wood in the ship and found that the vessel is agreements with their parents about how they
asymmetrical and one side of the ship is much heavier than can use their mobiles.
the other. How did this happen? The scientists discovered
Carl You're joking!
four rulers that the workman had used. But the rulers used
different scales. Two used ‘Swedish feet’, which were Erin No, it's true. The article says some kids in the
divided into 12 inches, while the others used ‘Amsterdam United States sign a document for their mum
feet’, which had 11 inches in each foot. So different and dad. It's like a contract, and it says how
carpenters were using different systems of measurement much they can use their phones − and what
and this led to the wood on one side being thicker than on they can use them for.
the other. Carl They actually sign a piece of paper? That’s
strange!
3.28 Lesson 9G, Exercises 3 and 5 Erin Well, I actually think it’s quite a good idea, Carl.
If it’s all on paper, at least you know exactly
Teacher When should we go on our holiday?
what you’ve agreed to do. You can’t argue
Student I'd like to go away as soon as term finishes. about it afterwards.
Teacher Would you? Why?
Student Well, we've got exams at the end of term,
haven't we? So we'll need something to look
forward to. I reckon we should go for
three weeks.

Carl I suppose … but I’d still be offended if my
parents asked me to sign a document like that. I
like the fact that they trust me to do what I
promise. Anyway, I’m not all that interested in
phones. Sometimes I even forget to take my
mobile into town with me.
Erin I’m just the opposite. My parents have accused
me of liking my phone more than I like them!
Carl You do spend a lot of time on it, Erin. To be
honest, it annoys me when people do that
sometimes. It's hard to talk to a friend when
they’re staring at their mobile screen the
whole time.
Erin I know! I’m trying to look at my phone much less
these days. But when I’ve received a new text, I
just have to look at it.

Interviewer So you’re talking about creative thinking …
Intermediate Student’s Book thinking ‘outside the box’?
audio scripts Lisa That's a saying that we hear all too often …
but yes, that’s exactly what I’m talking about.
If you don’t already have a set of ‘right’
B2 Exam Skills Trainer answers to various problems, you are free to

think of options that no one else would
think of.
4.02 B2 Exam Skills Trainer 1, Exercise 3 Interviewer Is that the only reason why young people
Interviewer This is Todd Canter, host of Talk True on City succeed?
Radio. Today in the studio we have well- Lisa No … of course there are other factors as
known psychologist and business expert, Lisa well. Young people have grown up with digital
Williams. She's going to tell us why so many technology – it’s a part of their lives in a way
young people are creating their own that it isn’t for us. So they can work out ways
businesses. Welcome to the show, Lisa. to reach customers that we probably wouldn’t
Lisa Thanks, Todd. think of. And another thing – young people are
Interviewer Lately, we’ve been hearing about younger and generally just more positive about things.
younger people creating their own They haven’t ever failed, they are optimistic
businesses. And these are not just little, part- and they believe in the future. In other words,
time businesses. They're very successful they don’t doubt that they will succeed, and so
companies which sometimes become global they often do succeed.
brands. That’s what I really don’t understand. Interviewer So do all young people have a natural talent
How can a very young person, with little for business, or does it take a special kind of
understanding of how business works and not person?
much knowledge of money, come up with a Lisa Well, no one likes to hear this, but kids who
good idea for a business? have problems in school and get into trouble
Lisa Well first of all, the question isn’t how it's are often the best at business. You know …
possible, but why it doesn’t happen more young people who don’t follow the rules.
often. You see, young people are ideal These kids aren't very good at listening to
candidates to come up with business ideas others, but they are very good at going ahead
that no one else has thought of. They're also when everybody says they will fail. And in the
the perfect people to turn these ideas into end, that's how most people become
reality. successful.
Interviewer Really? But they haven't got any
business experience. 4.03 B2 Exam Skills Trainer 2, Exercise 4
Lisa OK, you’re falling into the trap that most Speaker 1
people fall into. You assume that it takes a lot
of experience and a business education to I spent the first ten years of my life in China, so of course I
create a new business. But in my experience learned to write Chinese. Now I live in the UK and speak
of working with young entrepreneurs, exactly English. It's hard for English people to understand Chinese
the opposite is true. Young people don’t have writing, because it doesn’t use letters of the alphabet, like
a lot of business knowledge, but this can English. Instead, it uses characters – usually one for each
sometimes be an advantage. In fact, too much syllable. People often ask me how many Chinese characters
business education and experience often there are − and how anyone can remember all those strange
makes it harder to think creatively. This is little drawings? Well, there are between 50 and 80 thousand
because you’ve been told again and again Chinese characters, but only about two thousand five
what the so-called ‘right’ answers are, so hundred are commonly used. And Chinese characters all
you’re not able to look at all the other options. have recognizable ‘radicals’ or parts – once you know those
radicals, you can put them together to make characters, and

then put the characters together to make longer words.
Simple, right?
Speaker 2
When I was about nine or ten, I saw a documentary about
some Egyptologists − you know, people who study Ancient
Egypt. It was about the people who first worked out how to
read the writing from ancient Egyptian tombs. After I saw it, I
became fascinated by Egyptian picture writing, or
hieroglyphics. I just loved the fact that they wrote using
pictures instead of letters. You see, I suffer from dyslexia, so
it was very difficult for me to learn to write – but
hieroglyphics made perfect sense to me. Anyhow, I did
overcome my disability in the end. And I also ended up
studying Egyptology at university. I don’t think I’ll ever get
over how clever and logical ancient Egyptian writing is.
Speaker 3
I’m having a bit of an argument with the people at my kids’
school. You see, the teachers there write everything on the
board separately - letter by letter - instead of writing words
with the letters joined together. To me it looks awful. The
kids aren't learning to write properly and join letters together.
I know a lot of people say that writing by hand is dying out
and it’s all about keyboards and touchscreens these days.
They say that no one really needs to learn how to write by
hand when we've got computers. But I think writing by hand
is great for training the hand and eye. Not to mention the
fact that kids now can barely read letters from their
grandparents. It’s another tradition gone, I guess.
Speaker 4
My parents are from Iran, and even though I was born in the
UK, they really wanted me to learn Persian. Of course I
grew up speaking it, that was never a problem – but when it
came to reading and writing, that was another story! I wish I
had started learning sooner, because I already thought of
the English alphabet as ‘normal’. It was so frustrating trying
to see the difference between the shapes in the Persian
alphabet. I used to get really upset, and even refuse to do
my lessons. Now writing in Persian is second nature, and
my parents are thrilled that I’ve made so much progress. But
I admit I found it very difficult to do at first!

continental Europe. Most come to work in Britain and then
Intermediate Student’s Book return home after a few years, but others have chosen to
audio scripts settle in their new homeland.
4.05 Culture 1, Exercises 4 and 5

Culture Bank Speaker 1
Tomasz Piotrowski arrived in Britain ten years ago with his
4.04 Culture 1 parents, when he was thirteen. He lives in Southampton.
Britain: a mix of cultures What does he think of life in the UK?
Tomasz I think there are lots of opportunities and a good
Britain has always been a mixture of different nationalities
standard of life here. When we first moved to
and cultures. The country itself is made up of four nations –
Britain, my dad found work in a factory, and I
England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland – each with
went to school and quickly learned English. My
its own cultural heritage. Back in the 17th century, Britain
parents now have their own business and so do
became a global power and gained an enormous empire. By
I! I have a marketing company. I live with my
the 1920s, the empire was home to 458 million people – a
parents, but am hoping to buy a flat quite soon.
fifth of the world’s population! But forty years later, most of
I’m settled and happy here. I have lots of
the colonies had gained their independence, and immigrants
English friends, speak fluent English and
from Britain’s former colonies had begun to arrive in the UK
haven’t experienced any prejudice. My parents
and contribute to its multicultural society.
talk about returning to Poland one day, but
The longest-established ethnic minority in Britain is the black although we’re proud of our background, my
Caribbean population. After the Second World War, there sister and I definitely won’t go back.
was a labour shortage in the UK and people from Jamaica
and Trinidad, former British colonies, were encouraged to Speaker 2
come and work in Britain. In 1948, 500 came over on the 29-year-old Lydia Heather came to Britain to study acting
steamship Empire Windrush, and throughout the following four years ago, and now lives in Glasgow, Scotland.
decade, thousands more arrived. Many immigrants
Lydia Immigrants from Nigeria usually have the wrong
experienced some form of racism at that time. However,
idea about what their life is going to be like in
Caribbean culture – especially food and musical styles such
Britain. They think it’s going to be easy, and
as ska and reggae – gradually became part of British life.
they get a shock. And in my opinion, it’s even
The Notting Hill Carnival – the biggest street festival in
harder if you’re female. You can feel completely
Europe – was started by Caribbean immigrants.
alone and anxious. I came here to be an
actress and I’m very ambitious. My parents
Another wave of immigration to the UK occurred in the have quite a comfortable life back home in
1960s and 1970s. India and Pakistan were formerly part of Nigeria. Here it’s expensive, cold and difficult to
the British Empire, and many people arrived from those find work. I’ve experienced some racism, but
countries. In previous decades, Indians and Pakistanis had my Scottish friends have been wonderful, and I
also gone to work in British colonies in Africa. But after needed to come here for my career.
those African countries gained independence, Asians were
Speaker 3
forced to leave, and came to the UK. Asians in Britain
formed a close community and on the whole retained their Gary Younge is 74. He came to Britain in 1950 with his
own customs and languages. However, Indian food is now parents when he was ten. He grew up in Stevenage.
part of British culture, with Indian restaurants found all over Gary Britain’s fine to live in now, but it was really hard
the country. Curry is one of Britain’s most popular meals. for black families in the 1950s. It was a more
closed society, especially in the cities where
Since the expansion of the European Union in 2004, the UK there was much more racism and it was hard to
has seen more immigrants from find work. I was quite homesick and missed life
in Jamaica. But I guess we were luckier
because we lived in a smaller community, and

we had to integrate. There were only four black C
children in my school. I worked so hard
Between the 1930s and the 1950s, the big Hollywood
because black people were considered to be
studios, like MGM and Paramount, were making hundreds of
lazy and I hated that.
films a year. Cinema tickets cost only a few cents, and
Speaker 4 millions went to see the latest films, even in times of war or
recession – in fact, especially during those times, because
Sabah Choudhry is 19, was born in Britain, and is studying
movies offered a form of escapism. But by the 1950s,
at a London university.
cinema had a rival: television. And as the famous Polish
Sabah My parents emigrated here twenty-two years born film producer Samuel Goldwyn said, ‘Why should
ago from Pakistan. Things have improved since people go out and pay money to see bad films when they
then. I’m Muslim, but also British. I think it might can stay at home and see bad television for nothing?’
be the best place to be for a Muslim girl. Here
there is so much more in terms of education, D
equality and human rights. I feel I’m able to By the 1960s, cinema audiences had declined, mainly
follow my religion, but I can also study, have a because of the popularity of TV, and Hollywood had to
career and participate in society. My friends are change. They began to make fewer films each year,
great – because of my religion I don’t go into concentrating on a small number of expensive blockbusters.
pubs or bars, so they go to a coffee shop with This is basically still their approach today. A box office hit
me instead. can make a lot of money for the studio and the investors, but
Speaker 5 a failure can be a major disaster.
Jahid Joshi was born in Britain. He’s a journalist in London.

Jahid My parents emigrated to Britain from India in
the 1980s. They moved to North London where Host Hello, and welcome to Film Talk. And my guest
I was born and brought up. My childhood was a in the studio tonight is the film critic Martin
mix of British and Indian culture with holidays in Waverley. And we’re going to talk about
India and Cornwall. Integration never seemed to failures – spectacular failures. Is that right?
be an issue. This is my country. When I got Martin Yes. Some of your listeners may have seen the
married to my English wife, our wedding was a list that was recently published in several
wonderful mix of British and Indian traditions. It newspapers – a list of the films which have lost
bothers me that people are very worried about the most money at the box office.
immigration these days. We have so much to Host To be honest, I haven’t heard of many of
celebrate in our multicultural society. these films.
Martin No. Well, there’s a reason for that. I mean they
4.06 Culture 2 were failures – so by definition, people just
Hollywood didn’t go to see them.
Host This one, for example: When Time Ran Out.
A
What was that about?
The first American films were made in the very early years Martin Ah yes, When Time Ran Out. It should have
of the 20th century. At that time, the centre of the film been called When Audiences Ran Out. It was a
industry was New York, where the inventor Thomas Edison disaster movie about a volcano. Disaster
had huge power because he had patented a lot of the film- movies were very popular in the 1970s. But in
making equipment. Around 1910, film studios began to this 1980 film, the story was too slow-moving,
move to the west coast, as far away from New York – and and the special effects were so bad that they
from Edison – as possible. Hollywood was born. were funny.
B Host Although the director was successful with other
films, wasn’t he?
For most of the 1920s, Hollywood produced ‘silent movies’
with no speaking or soundtrack. When these movies were Martin Yes, Irwin Allen, the director, made some of the
shown in cinemas, a pianist or organist played music while most successful disaster movies ever. And the
the audience watched. By the late 1920s, the technology film starred Paul Newman, a great Hollywood
existed to add sound – but not everybody liked the idea. actor who made some amazing films. But this
‘Who wants to hear actors talk?’ said Harry Warner, the was definitely not one of them. It’s pretty
owner of one of the largest studios. But he was wrong, and dreadful from start to finish.
silent movies soon became a thing of the past. Host Let’s talk about another film: Sahara, released
in 2005. This had some big Hollywood stars in
it, didn’t it?

Martin Yes, it did - Penélope Cruz, for example. But it Host John. That was very quick! What’s your
still lost an amazing amount of money – answer?
something like $100 million. John Er … I think … hmm.
Host Why was the film so unpopular? Host I’m sorry, you must answer immediately after
Martin Actually, it wasn’t. The problem was, they spent you’ve buzzed. Milly?
far too much making it. The original production Milly Tennis?
budget was around $80 million but they ended
Host No, I'm sorry. The answer is golf. Question 2: in
up spending twice that amount. They just didn’t
which sport does a British team compete
control the costs. For example, the first 46
against teams from other countries in the Davis
seconds of the film cost more than $2 million to
Cup?
make!
Host Milly.
Host And how did it do at the box office?
Milly Golf?
Host No, this time the correct answer is: tennis.
Martin Well, when it opened, it was number 1 at the
Question 3. In which sport do England, Wales,
box office in the US. Personally, I didn’t think it
Scotland, Ireland, France and Italy compete in a
was much good, but it got big audiences for a
competition called the Six Nations?
while. Unfortunately, they couldn't get back
even half of the money they’d spent - so it lost Host John.
a fortune. John Er … is it … er …
Host Oh dear! What other films on the list caught Host Milly?
your eye? Milly Tennis?
Martin Well this one is interesting. It’s called Hulk and Host No, it’s rugby. Question 4. I want you to listen to
it was made in 2003 by another highly this commentary and identify the sport.
successful director, Ang Lee.
‘And as they approach the final bridge, Oxford are just in the
Host And it was based on the comic book character, lead … but Cambridge are gaining on them. Now they’re
the Incredible Hulk? neck and neck! I think Cambridge are going to win.’
Martin Yes, it was. That kind of film is usually very Host John.
popular with audiences: think of Iron Man,
John Rowing!
Batman, all those films. But Hulk had a very
mixed reception. Some audiences and critics Host Yes! Correct! Well done. You have one point.
liked it, but some didn’t. Milly, you still have zero. But don’t worry, there
are still two questions left. Question 5: If I tell
Host Why is that?
you that I went to see England playing against
Martin I suppose it didn’t have the simple kind of story Australia at Lords in an Ashes match, what
which people want to see, if they’re fans of sport did I see?
comic book films. It just wasn’t what they were
Host Milly.
expecting or hoping for, maybe. But personally,
I thought it was a very interesting film – and Milly Cricket!
very beautiful to look at. Host Yes! Well done. So it’s 1–1, with one question
Host So not a failure in every sense. to go. And here it is, question 6. The Grand
National and the Derby are both famous events
Martin No, certainly not.
for which sport?
Host Thanks, Martin.
Host John!
John Er … hmm … er
4.08 Culture 3, Exercise 2
Host Milly?
Host So, round three of the quiz is called ‘a sporting
Milly Tennis?
chance’ and, as the name suggests, all of the
questions are about sport. Today, the focus is Host No, I’m sorry. The answer is horse-racing.
on famous British sporting events, or events
which involve British teams. Fingers on 4.09 Culture 4, Exercises 4 and 5
buzzers. And remember, the answers you need
Interviewer My guest today is Bill Edwards, who has
are all there on the screen – you just need to
written a book about the royal residences.
choose the correct one! So here we go.
Welcome, Bill.
Question 1: The Open and the Ryder Cup are
both famous events in which sport? Bill Thank you.

Interviewer So, first of all, how many residences does the Bill She does – every summer. The family stay at
Queen have? Balmoral Castle in the Highlands of Scotland.
Bill Well, the Queen herself has six royal homes, Queen Victoria fell in love with the Scottish
though she owns only two of them. She landscape and bought a private house so that
inherited these private residences from her the family could holiday there. That tradition
father, King George VI. She uses them for has continued. The Castle is also a working
holidays. The others are owned by the State. estate and provides jobs for many people.
Interviewer And which are they? Interviewer The Queen has another residence in
Scotland, though?
Bill Buckingham Palace, Windsor Castle,
Holyrood Palace in Scotland and Hillsborough Bill Yes, her official residence is Holyrood Palace
Castle in Northern Ireland. These are the four in Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland. She
official Royal residences. stays there when she has official business.
And she is there every July for a week. It is
Interviewer That’s a lot of homes! Can you tell us a bit
called ‘Holyrood Week’, appropriately.
about how she uses them all?
Interviewer And is that the same for her official residence
Bill The Queen has quite a strict routine, actually,
in Northern Ireland?
when she isn’t travelling around the world.
Buckingham Palace in the centre of London is Bill Exactly. Hillsborough Castle is near the
the royal residence from Monday to Friday. capital city of Belfast. She stays there and
And that’s where she entertains all the heads entertains guests when she is on official
of state and official visitors. She also meets business in Northern Ireland.
with the Prime Minister every Tuesday Interviewer OK. So that’s a lot of homes. How does the
evening to catch up with the nation’s politics. Queen look after them?
Apparently, she is very well-informed and Bill Well, some are open to the public when the
asks a lot of questions! Queen is not in residence. Buckingham
Interviewer And what does she do at weekends? Palace is the latest one to open its doors. It’s
Bill She usually goes to Windsor Castle. That’s open for two months in the summer and it’s
her official country residence, and owned by extremely popular with visitors, both from
the state. It’s near London. It’s the largest and home and abroad, as you can imagine.
oldest inhabited castle in the world. It’s been Interviewer Indeed. It would be well worth a visit. Many
the family home of British kings and queens thanks, Bill, for giving us the tour of the royal
since the tenth century. The Queen spends residences. A fascinating insight into royal life!
most weekends there with her family, when Bill Thank you. My pleasure.
she has time. The family always stay there for
a month over Easter, too, and for a week in
June. That’s when the horse-racing at Ascot
takes place. She loves Ascot and owns some Benjamin Franklin was born in Boston on 17th January,
nice racehorses. 1706. His father was hard-working – he made soap and
Interviewer Where does she spend her other holidays? candles – but he wasn’t rich. Benjamin was the eighth of ten
children, money was always a problem for such a large
Bill Well, Christmas and January are spent at
family. He started school in 1714, when he was eight years
Sandringham House in Norfolk. Prince Albert,
old, but left two years later when his parents couldn’t afford
Queen Victoria’s eldest son, bought it in 1862
to pay for his education. Despite leaving school at such a
when he got married, so it’s owned by the
young age, Benjamin loved learning, and continued to read
family privately. The family have loved the
a lot. Because of his interest in books, his father decided
place ever since and have made many
that Benjamin should work for his elder brother, James, who
improvements over the years. The house was
had started a printing business. But the two brothers did not
hit by bombs in the First World War and there
get on well and when he was sixteen, Benjamin ran away
were huge holes in the ground that filled with
from Boston to Philadelphia. He spent a few years there
water. King George IV turned the holes into
working for other printers, before starting his own business
duck ponds!
in 1728.
Interviewer Really? And the Queen also goes to Scotland
The printing business was successful, but Benjamin was
every year, doesn’t she?
ambitious. So the following year, he and a friend bought a
newspaper: the Pennsylvania Gazette. He printed the
newspaper and also wrote articles for it. Soon it was the
most popular newspaper in the region. His interest in books
continued as well. In 1731, he and some friends who also

loved books started the first library in America. Two years kite had flown, it couldn’t have gone high enough to get
after that, he began publishing an Almanac; A book that electricity from the storm clouds. Dr Tucker then tried the
contained recipes, stories, weather reports, puzzles and experiment using a modern kite, but that did not work,
anything which Benjamin thought was interesting. The either. Although Franklin probably did not carry out the
Almanacs, which he published once a year, were very experiment, Dr Tucker believes that Franklin's theory was
popular and made him rich. completely correct.
But Benjamin Franklin was much more than a businessman.
He cared about the people in his society and wanted to help 4.12 Culture 6
them so he founded a hospital and a fire service in
British Public Schools
Pennsylvania. He was also fascinated by science and in
1748, retired from business so that he could spend more In the UK, 93% of children go to state schools, which are
time carrying out scientific experiments and writing about funded by the government. The remaining 7% go to private
them. In 1750 he published his theories about electricity, schools, which the government does not fund or control. The
which became well-known across Europe. And two years students pay fees to attend these schools. A small group of
after that, he carried out a famous experiment with a kite, to very old private schools are, confusingly, known as ‘public
prove that the lightning in storms is just electricity. schools’. These include Eton College, which has educated
Franklin continued to carry out scientific investigations and nineteen British Prime Ministers over thpast three
experiments, but he had another interest: politics. He had centuries – as well as many other famous people from
been a member of the Pennsylvania government for many around the world, including Prince William and Prince Harry,
years but in 1776, just after the American was for actor Hugh Laurie and the former king of Nepal.
independence he became the American ambassador to To many people, these public schools seem very odd and
France. He worked in Paris until 1785 and built strong old-fashioned, with their strange uniforms and confusing
relations between the two countries. He didn’t retire from traditions. For example, all of the public schools divide the
this job until he was nearly 80. He had become such a well- academic year into three terms. At Eton College, these are
known and important figure that when he died five years called ‘halves’, but at Charterhouse they’re called ‘quarters’
later, 20,000 people attended his funeral! (and the shortest of the three is known as the ‘long quarter’).
Although private schools seem irrelevant to most British
4.11 Culture 5, Exercise 5 people, the influence they have on society is very real. That
is because a very large number of people in important
It is one of the most famous experiments in scientific history:
positions attended these schools, including 71% of senior
children all over the world have learned how Benjamin
judges and 62% of senior officers in the armed forces. Some
Franklin risked his life while carrying out an experiment
people even argue that the UK parliament does not
during a storm. He flew a kite directly under a storm cloud to
represent the country because 32% of MPs are privately
prove that lightning was a kind of electricity. Franklin's
educated.
success made him famous throughout the world. But a new
study of Franklin’s experiment suggests that he actually
invented the whole story. 4.13 Culture 6, Exercises 5 and 6
According to the story that we all know, in the summer of Interviewer In this part of the programme, I’m going to talk
1752 Franklin thought of a simple way of testing his theory to David Brown, who’s written a book about
that lightning was a kind of electricity. He built a kite using English public schools. David, welcome. Why
two wooden sticks and a handkerchief and tied a piece of did you choose this topic?
metal to the kite, he also tied a key near the bottom of the Guest Well, I didn’t actually go to a public school
cord. T hen he flew the kite during a thunderstorm. myself – I went to an ordinary state school –
but I’ve always been fascinated by the idea of
According to the story, electricity ran down the cord to the them, and by their traditions. And I’m sure I’m
key and a spark jumped from the key to Franklin’s hand not the only one. In fact, since I wrote my
when he moved it close to the key. However, according to book, I’ve met lots of other people who share
new research, Franklin carried out the experiment only in my interest.
his imagination. Interviewer Really? Now, in your book, you describe quite
Doctor Tom Tucker, an American university professor, first a few of these traditions. For example, the
began to feel suspicious about the story while he was Eton Wall Game is a very old tradition. It
working for the US space agency NASA. He examined the dates back to … when exactly?
original documents and noticed that Franklin never said that
he actually carried out the experiment. Dr Tucker realised he
was right when he tried to carry out Franklin's experiment
himself – using an identical kite. He tried it several times –
but the kite couldn't fly. According to Dr Tucker, even if the

Guest 1766. Yes, it’s a game that is played only at Dickens worked as a journalist in London before he started
Eton College. It’s a bit like football, but the writing novels. His first novel was called The Pickwick
pitch is very narrow and it’s next to a wall. Papers and was incredibly successful. His second, Oliver
Each team has to get the ball to the end of the Twist, was very popular too, both in England and in America.
wall. If they do that, they score a goal. But it’s For a few years, Dickens found it hard to match that
so difficult to score that the last goal was in success. In 1843, he published a short novel called A
1909, more than a hundred years ago! Christmas Carol which introduced the character of Scrooge,
Interviewer Are there any other unusual games played at a mean and cold-hearted man who hates everyone and
public schools? everything – except money. Scrooge is one of the best-
known characters in English literature, but Dickens’ best
Guest Well, of course the sport of rugby gets its
novels were written later:.Most people agree that his best
name from the public school where it was first
novels are Bleak House, which he wrote in 1852, Great
played: Rugby College. The story is that
Expectations, published in 1860, and Our Mutual Friend, his
during a game of ordinary football in 1823, a
last completed novel. Dickens himself had a favourite
boy named William Webb Ellis picked up the
among his own work: David Copperfield, which he published
ball and ran with it – so he invented the sport
in 1850.
of ‘rugby football’. That sport is now played all
over the world. But the Eton Wall Game isn’t!
In fact I think it is still only played at Eton. 4.15 Culture 7, Exercises 5 and 6
Interviewer Well, with one goal every hundred years, I’m Extract 1
not surprised.
The room in the workhouse where the boys were fed was a
Guest And then there’s the Greaze. large stone hall, and at one end the master and two women
Interviewer The Greaze? served the food. This consisted of a bowl of thin soup three
Guest Yes, the Greaze – G–R–E–A–Z–E. It’s a times a day, with a piece of bread on Sundays. The boys ate
game that’s played once a year, on pancake everything and were always hungry. The bowls never
day, at Westminster School. The school cook needed washing. The boys polished them with their spoons
makes a special pancake with horse hair in it, until they shone. After three months of this slow starvation,
to make it stronger. one of the boys told the others he was so hungry that one
night he might eat the boy who slept next to him. He had a
Interviewer That sounds disgusting. Horse hair?
wild hungry eye, and the other boys believed him. After a
Guest Yes, but they don’t eat it. The cook throws the long discussion, they decided that one of them should ask
pancake in the air and the students fight over for more food after supper that evening, and Oliver
it for one minute. The student that gets the was chosen.
largest piece of the pancake is the winner and
The evening arrived; the soup was served, and the bowls
receives a prize – a gold coin. Then the whole
were empty again in a few seconds. Oliver went up to the
school has a half-day holiday.
master, with his bowl in his hand. He felt very frightened, but
Interviewer Amazing. also desperate with hunger.
Guest Yes. And in the past, there was another part ‘Please, sir, I want some more.’
of the tradition. If the cook didn’t throw the
The master was a fat, healthy man, but he turned pale. He
pancake high enough, all the students threw
looked at the little boy in front of him with amazement.
their Latin books at him. But that doesn’t
Nobody else spoke.
happen now.
‘What?’ he asked at last, in a faint voice.
Interviewer That’s good. Poor cook! Well, it sounds like a
fascinating book. David Brown, thank you ‘Please, sir,’ replied Oliver, I want some more.’
very much. The master hit him with the serving spoon, then seized
Oliver’s arms and shouted for the beadle. The beadle came
4.14 Culture 7, Exercises 2 and 3 quickly, heard the dreadful news, and immediately ran to tell
the board.
Charles Dickens was born in 1812, on the south coast of
‘He asked for more?’ Mr Limbkins, the fattest board
England. He is one of the best-known writers in the world,
member, asked in horror. ‘Bumble – is this really true?’
and he wrote some of the most popular novels in the
English language. ‘That boy will be hanged!’ said the man who earlier had
called Oliver a fool. ‘You see if I’m not right.’
When Dickens was eleven, his family moved to London – a
city which Dickens later set many of his novels in. They Oliver was led away to be locked up.
were poor and had to borrow money which they could not Extract 2
pay back. When Dickens was twelve, his father was sent to
prison. Dickens had to leave school and work in a factory. It ‘Who’s there?’ a voice cried out.
was the end of his childhood.

‘It’s me,’ said the Dodger. The faint light of a candle seven she contacted a special school for blind children in
appeared in the hall. Boston. The director of the school suggested that Helen
‘Who’s the other one?’ work with Anne Sullivan, who was herself visually impaired
and a recent graduate of the school. It was the beginning of
‘A new friend.’
a 49-year relationship between pupil and teacher.
They went up some dark and broken stairs. Oliver could
Anne travelled to Helen’s home and immediately began
hardly see where he was going, but the Dodger seemed to
teaching her ‘finger-spelling’: spelling out words on the palm
know the way, and helped Oliver up. They entered a room
of Helen’s hand. The first word she tried to teach her was
with walls that were black with age and dirt. In front of the
‘doll’ – Anne had brought Helen a doll as a present. But
fire was a table with a candle stuck into a bottle of beer, and
Helen could not make the connection between the letters
an old man, with a horribly ugly face and red hair, stood next
and the objects and became very frustrated. After about a
to the fire cooking. He was wearing a dirty old coat and
month, however, there was a breakthrough. Helen realized
seemed to divide his attention between his cooking and a
that the movements of Anne’s fingers on her palm, while she
number of silk handkerchiefs, which were hanging near the
poured water over her other hand, signified ‘water’. By the
fire. There were several rough beds in the room. Four or five
end of the day Helen had learned thirty new words.
boys, about the same age as the Artful Dodger, sat round
the table, smoking and drinking like middle-aged men. They
all looked up when the Dodger and Oliver entered. 4.17 Culture 8, Exercises 3 and 4
‘This is him, Fagin,’ the Dodger said to the old man. ‘My In 1890 at the age of 10, Helen travelled with Anne to
friend Oliver Twist.’ Boston, where she attended a school for the deaf. She
Fagin smiled and shook Oliver’s hand. Then all the young began speech lessons and for 25 years she worked hard to
gentlemen came up to him and shook both his hands very learn to speak so that other people could understand her.
hard, especially the hand which held his few possessions. She spent 10 years at schools in Boston and New York,
One of the boys was particularly kind. He even put his gradually improving her communication skills. Anne Sullivan
hands in Oliver’s pockets so that Oliver would not have to sat next to her in all her classes. As well as speech and
empty them himself when he went to bed. The boys would finger-spelling, Helen had by this time mastered several
probably have been even more helpful, but Fagin hit them other methods of communication, including touch-lip
on their heads and shoulders until they left Oliver alone. reading, Braille, and typing. She also studied normal school
subjects, and in 1900 Helen decided to apply for university.
‘We’re very glad to see you, Oliver,’ said Fagin. ‘I see you’re
She wanted to go to Harvard, one of America’s top
staring at the handkerchiefs, my dear. Aren’t there a lot?
universities, but Harvard didn't accept women at that time,
We’ve just taken them all out to wash them, that’s all! Ha!
so Helen applied for a place at Radcliffe College in Boston.
Ha! Ha!’
Again, Anne went with her and helped her with her studies.
This seemed to be a joke, as the old gentleman and all his During her time at university, Helen wrote her
young friends gave loud shouts of laughter. Then supper autobiography, called The Story of my Life. In 1904, she
began. Oliver ate his share of the food and was then given a graduated from Radcliffe, becoming the first deaf-blind
glass of gin-and-water. Fagin told him to drink it fast. person to gain a degree.
Immediately afterwards, Oliver felt himself lifted onto one of
In 1905, Anne married John Macy, a Harvard teacher. She
the beds and he sank into a deep sleep.
continued to help and guide Helen, who moved in with the
When he awoke it was late morning. Macy’s. John and Anne separated a few years later but
Helen and Anne continued to live together.
4.16 Culture 8 Helen was determined to help other people with disabilities
Silent Darkness and travelled widely giving talks and meeting with politicians
and celebrities. She and Anne visited over 40 countries. She
Helen Keller was born in 1880 in Alabama, with the ability to became a socialist, a feminist, a pacifist and fought for the
both see and hear, like any normal child. She began to rights of disabled people as well as for women’s right to
speak when she was six months old and to walk at the age vote. At the time, people thought her views were really
of one. But six months later, she contracted a serious radical and extreme, but her fame spread and people read
illness, possibly meningitis. After she had recovered, her her books – she wrote 12 of them – and came to hear her
mother noticed that Helen didn’t react to sounds, or when speak.
she waved her hand in front of Helen’s face. The illness had
Anne remained Helen’s constant companion until her death
left her both deaf and blind.
in 1936. A young woman called Polly Thompson, who had
As she grew up, she learned to communicate with the worked as a secretary for Helen and Anne since 1914, then
daughter of the family cook using sign language that they became Helen’s new companion. Helen continued to travel
invented together. But Helen was an unhappy child and and to write into her old age, but at the age of 81, she
often flew into a rage. Her mother was very patient with her suffered a stroke and spent the rest of her life at her home in
and tried to help her. She had read about the successful Connecticut. She died in 1968, just a few weeks before her
education of another deaf-blind child, and when Helen was 88th birthday. Helen received many awards and honours in

her life and through her many speeches and books, she Emily Yes, very hard. Then in 1836, he went to
brought inspiration and encouragement to millions of people. Glasgow to study medicine and theology and
decided to become a missionary doctor. At
4.18 Culture 9 first he wanted to travel to China, but war
broke out there so he chose Africa instead.
Mary Kingsley
Interviewer Where did he go in Africa?
Mary Kingsley was born in London in 1862, the daughter of Emily His first visit was to western Africa. From
a doctor and a domestic servant. She received little formal Luanda he headed eastwards in 1854 towards
education, as in those days, people did not think that it was the centre of the continent. He was the first
necessary to educate girls. However, she spent time in her European to see the enormous waterfalls on
father’s library, which was full of travel and science books. the River Zambezi, in 1855. He renamed them
In 1892, both of her parents died and Mary inherited £4,300, 'Victoria Falls' after the queen. He continued
a considerable sum at that time. Apart from a week in Paris, eastwards and arrived at the mouth of the
Mary had never been abroad. But she’d always dreamed of River Zambezi the following year. He was the
travelling to Africa, and with the money, she could now do first European to cross southern Africa.
this. She arrived in Sierra Leone in August 1893, lived with Interviewer It must have been a very difficult and
local people, and learned from them the skills needed to dangerous journey. Why did he do it? What
survive in the jungle. She often went alone into dangerous motivated him?
areas to collect plant and animal specimens. She had close
Emily Well, he wanted to introduce African people to
encounters with a leopard and a crocodile.
Christianity, but his main aim was to free them
She returned to Britain in December 1893 but was back in from slavery, which horrified him. His motto
Africa a year later. She daringly climbed the 4,040-metre- was ‘Christianity, Commerce and Civilisation’.
high Mount Cameroon by a previously unknown route – and He thought that if he could bring Christianity
wearing one of the long black dresses she had always worn and trade and commerce to Africa, the slave
since the death of her parents. In 1895, Mary went home trade would die out. Having returned to Britain
again, taking some rare specimens, including a live reptile he wrote a book about his travels and tried to
that she gave to London Zoo. get support for his ideas.
She wrote two books about her experiences – Travels in Interviewer And were his ideas popular?
West Africa and West African Studies – in which she
Emily Yes, Livingstone persuaded the British
described the way of life of the indigenous people. She was
Government to pay for his second expedition,
very critical both of the missionaries who set out to convert
which lasted six years from 1858 to 1864.
the local people and of British colonial rule. Both, she felt,
During that time he explored the east coast of
damaged the traditions and culture of the African people.
Africa and tried to sail up the Zambezi River
Her fame grew and she gave lectures on her travels all over
and the Ruvuma River into the centre of
Britain. Kingsley went out to Africa for the third and final time
Africa. He hoped that these rivers would
in March 1900. But before she could travel north to the part
become important trade routes. In 1862 his
that she loved, she died of typhoid in Simonstown in South
wife Mary travelled to meet him at the mouth
Africa. She was just 37 years old.
of the River Zambezi. But she tragically died a
few months later of malaria.
Interviewer How awful for him.
Interviewer My guest today on Great Explorers is Emily
Emily Yes, it must have been. And the expedition
Winston, professor of Modern History at
itself was a failure too. Livingstone found it
London University. We will be discussing the
impossible to get a boat far up either the
great explorer, David Livingstone. Thank you
Zambezi or the Ruvuma. He continued on
for coming on the show, Emily.
land up the Zambezi and also explored Lake
Emily My pleasure. Malawi, but eventually he abandoned the
Interviewer Can you start by telling us a bit about his expedition and returned to Britain.
background? Interviewer But he came back to Africa one more time,
Emily Yes, David Livingstone was born near didn’t he?
Glasgow, Scotland, on 19 March 1813. His Emily Yes, in 1866 he returned to the east coast and
parents worked in a cotton factory and David set out to find the source of the Nile.
began working there too at the age of 10. He
Interviewer So no one knew at that time where the Nile
worked twelve hours a day and then had
actually started?
school lessons in the evening.
Interviewer So it was a hard life!

Emily No. Livingstone spent six years looking for it,
with no contact at all with the outside world. In
fact, many people thought he was dead. And
that’s why an American reporter called
Stanley set out to find him in 1869. When
Stanley finally found Livingstone, two years
later, at Ujiji on the shore of Lake Tanganyika,
he greeted him with the now famous words,
‘Dr Livingstone, I presume?’.
Interviewer And did Livingstone find the source of the
Nile?
Emily No, he didn’t. He was ill by now, with malaria,
and he died two years later. But the
expedition wasn’t a total failure as he
discovered a number of lakes and rivers, as
well as the Victoria Falls.

Solutions Intermediate. Audio Scripts For SB - 2017. 3rd

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Solutions Intermediate. Audio Scripts For SB - 2017. 3rd

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Sue I know.

That’s why we’re revising together on

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 1 Audio scripts

1.06 Lesson ID, Exercise 3

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 2 Audio scripts

be an adult My mum met my dad while she was on holiday in France.

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 1 Audio scripts

Speaker 1 When I was younger, I had a lot of arguments with my

1.10 Lesson 1C, Exercise 5 1.12 Lesson 1D, Exercise 1

4 Grandad I didn’t use to have much money. My mother

1.13 Lesson 1D, Exercise 4

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 2 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 3 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 4 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 5 Audio scripts

Unit 2 1.19 Lesson 2C, Exercises 3 and 4

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 1 Audio scripts

1.22 Lesson 2E, Exercise 3

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 2 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 3 Audio scripts

5 Doctor Good afternoon. How can I help you?

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 1 Audio scripts

Doctor It’s quite a bad burn. 4

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 2 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 3 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 4 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 5 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 1 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 2 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 3 Audio scripts

2.13 Lesson 4G, Exercises 6 and 8

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 4 Audio scripts

1 Customer Yes. There’s a ‘Complete your purchase’

3 Customer Oh dear. It says it’s out of date! What a

5 Customer No, that’s all. Thanks for your help.

empty the trash, the recycle bin 2

6 Operator Good morning. Oxford Savings Bank. How can I

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 1 Audio scripts

Helpdesk Thank you. And your date of birth?

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 2 Audio scripts

Girl Have you been using my MP3 player? 5

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 3 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 4 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 5 Audio scripts

enthusiastic enthusiasm Boy I’d hate to have this job.

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 1 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 2 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 3 Audio scripts

Unit 7 3.03 Lesson 7C, Exercise 2

3 Thirty years from now, I will be celebrating the tenth

4 My generation is apathetic and lethargic.

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 1 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 2 Audio scripts

7 However, yarn bombing has landed Polish artist, Agata

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 3 Audio scripts

3.10 Exam Skills Trainer 4, Exercise 4

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 4 Audio scripts

Ryan Is that Mrs Kelly? Jake Hello.

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 1 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 2 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 3 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 4 Audio scripts

Solutions Third Edition Intermediate 5 Audio scripts