Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
A Research Proposal
Submitted by:
Kier S. Arquillo
Jerlen V. Dioneo
BSBA III – A
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
one of the commonly used mediums for convenient shopping. It is, in fact, a popular means of
shopping among the Internet community (Bourlakis et al., 2008). No matter clothes, electronics,
or pets, online shopping trend is becoming more popular with each passing day. Hundreds of
websites and applications are being created and deployed every year to cater this rising demand
Online shopping is becoming a suitable way to make all your purchases, whether you’re
at home in office, or in a different country. This is especially true for developed countries, where
every store has its website you can buy from. You can easily convey about the promotions like
cash on delivery and special discounts on online purchases. This trend to shop online with the
comfort of your own couch has recently been taken up in the Asian region as well, especially in
Pakistan and India. India seems to have adopted the trend much faster as compared to Pakistan.
They have multiple fashion, furniture and food websites, along with the commonly known
A rapid advancement of internet technology facilitates buyers to buy goods and services
from stores which offer online shopping and provide detailed information about data product on
internet (Jamil et al. 2017). We can’t deny the fact that shopping with the used of internet is now
part of the lifestyle. Since many people are online at the same moment looking at the internet for
products that would satisfy the people is an appropriate approach. The offers on the internet can
be easily compared; therefore a consumer can buy a product with the most favourable conditions
(price, quality, other discounts) tailored to individual needs. Several researchers have carried out
studies in their effort to examine the factors influencing consumer’s habits and experience to
Though people are unique from one another and they have different preferences and
standards towards the product being offered to them, the adoption of this trend has been easy.
Yet, the results of their online shopping experience and their habits still differ in some ways.
The “online shopping experience” has recently been considered in marketing literature
with the crossing of the fields of consumption experience, shopping experience, and online
experience. A potential positive impact to the e-retailer’s performance has been emphasized
what the “online shopping experience’ (OSE) lived by the consumers is. It refers either to the
prior online experiences, measured by the frequency of use (Pentina, Amialchuk, and Taylor,
2011) or the purchase experience ‘OCE’ (Verhoef, 2009; Rose et al., 2012), or the internal state
of consumers (Mosteller, Donthub, and Eroglu, 2014). In recent article, Michaud-Trévinal and
Stenger (2014) define the online shopping experience with different perspective.
Furthermore, online shopper such as staffs, faculties, and students of Carlos Hilado State
College know the factors that affect online behaviour and habits. Shoppers’ behaviour is treated
as an applied discipline because some decisions significantly affects shoppers’ behaviour and
expected actions. Customer engages through online shopping in so many ways not only for
buying the products, but also to compare product structures, prices, warrantees and delivery
this study will vary a lot depending on consumers’ personal characteristic, on their social
interactions, and on the situation and their beliefs towards this trend of e-marketing.
This paper aims to determine the online shopping habits and experiences among the
1. What is the profile of students engaged in online shopping when grouped according to:
a.) Age
b.) Sex
2. To what extent is the shopping habits of the participants in terms product delivery when
3. Is there significant difference in the extent of shopping habits of the participants when
This study was anchored from different professional researchers based on their theories
and beliefs. According to Velarde (2012) states that behavioral intention is determined by three
factors which include subjective norm, attitude and perceived behavioral control where every
element has its own belief structures and attributes. In the pretext of shopping online, subjective
norm is about the internal or external influences that affect individual towards online shopping.
Attitude is the overall feelings by buyers on how good or not online shopping is towards them.
Perceived behavioral control is about the facilitating conditions that enable one to shop online
and the confidence levels of buyers in shopping online. A major advantage of this model is that it
studies behavior aspect of individual and their eventual behavior towards a certain technology.
and the processes they use to select, secure, and dispose of the products, services, experiences, or
ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society.
(Kuester, 2012; p. 110) Chinting (2010) stated that few school or educational studies have
simultaneously explored both internet marketing and organizational commitment, and of those
that have, only direct effects were examined. This study clarifies the relationship between school
mediating role of teachers’ job involvement and job satisfaction. Kanwalgurleen (2012)
discussed that different options in internet encouraged them to search and eventually purchase
online, because more than 100 million internet users in India. People those who are using
internet from 5 to 7 hours a day were found to be adopter of online shopping. Price
consciousness, convenience and variety, easy payment options and challenges of online shopping
are the factors found to be a significant in online shopping. Without rush traffic and vehicles one
can purchase a huge variety of product by spending minimum timing. Adrita Goswami et.al
(2013) Studied “Customer Satisfaction towards Online Shopping with Special Reference to
Teenage Group of Jorhat Town” study concludes that online customers are satisfied. This
research explicitly indicates that online marketer should give more importance on price factor
and after sale factor. In this competition era all the online marketers should have to concentrate
on the customer’s satisfaction to retain the existing customers and have to offer new scheme day
Ashish Pant (2014) concluded in his research article that a successful web store is not the
just a good looking website with the dynamic technical features but is also emphasis on building
the relationship with customers with making money. Firstly understanding the customer’s needs
and wants is very essential for building a relation with the customers keeping companies’
promises gives a customer a reason to come back and meeting the expectations gives them a
reason to stay. Costumer as a person will and needs according to Maslow’s Hierarchy of desires
of Abraham Maslow states that individuals have 5 basic desires, that they address so as of
priority. Physiological desires are initial, followed by safety and security, social happiness,
The model identifies the antecedents of online shopping habits and experiences of
customers which covers the areas of education, information and communication material. The
independent variables which is the profile of the respondents such as their Age, Sex and
Educational attainment are factors that influence Carlos Hilado Memorial State College –
Fortune Town Campus, students, staff`s and faculty, education, information and their
communication material. The effects and relationship of the said three areas formulate the
Customer`s Online shopping habits and experiences. This Online shopping habits and
experiences among customer is significantly helpful for the students and staffs of the given
campus. And if there is significance differences in the extent of Online Shopping Habits and
Experiences of customers. A major implication for findings is that able to help give better
understanding to the online shopping in addressing the Online Shopping habits and experiences
Customer’s Profile
Age
Sex
Male
College Graduate
Master’s Degree
Doctorate Degree
The study of online shopping habits and experiences among customers of Carlos Hilado
Online Retailers. The result of this study will help online retailers and marketers to develop
strategies and techniques such as enhancing their promotional system in order to encourage
potential customers to purchase online. In the marketer’s perspective they will more understand
the attitudes of the consumers as well as the factors influencing consumers to make e-commerce
purchases.
Customers. This study will help the consumer to be aware that e-commerce is becoming an
important trend in this modern information technology society. They will also know that asides
Future Researchers. This study will be useful for a future researchers where current study could
serve as a reference and may provide some guides to those who would like to study about the
same topic.
The study will focus on online shopping habits and experience among customers of
Carlos Hilado Memorial State College (CHMSC) - Fortune Towne Campus. The study was
conducted in four months. The respondents will be composed of students, staff and faculty either
they are regular or part-time as long as they are into online shopping.
The researchers will be using self-made questionnaire to gather information from the
result. The result should be interpreted with caution, particularly with the respect to the
generalization of the research findings of online shopping customers of Carlos Hilado Memorial
State College (CHMSC) as a whole. The sample size of the study cannot be generalized and
applied for general public since opinions are dynamic; hence, the results of the study based on
the opinions are likely to differ. The result also depends upon the integrity of respondents in
giving true and fair opinion and their level of knowledge in the subject under study. Both sample
error and non-sampling error may exist in the study and also biasness among the responses
cannot be ignored. As online shopping depends on World Wide Web which has a global reach,
hence a multi -cultural, cross cultural research need to be undertaken to correctly understand the
online shopping attitude. Empirical research could also be carried out to find out similarities and
differences of online shoppers of different countries and compare between the perception, habits
The following terms are defined conceptually and operationally for clear understanding
Habits. Habits is the repetition of purchases and there's a higher probability of returning
back among consumers to the same goods or services (Limbu et al. 2012).
knowledge based upon sense experience as opposed to a pure and prior knowledge. It is enable
outside) and differs from the situation itself (Bruner, 1986; Arnould and Thomson, 2005).
directly acquire products or services by any retailer through internet using websites (Bourkahs et
al. 2008).
In this study, online shopping is the action or activity of purchasing goods and services
from websites.
CHAPTER II
A large number of existing studies in the broader literature have been examined and
investigated that contributed to several well documented results about online shopping habits and
experiences of consumers especially to students. The results of previous studies from different
researchers have presented various factors that affect consumers' habits towards online shopping
Online shopping indicates electronic commerce to buy products or services directly from
the seller through the internet. A Susan Rose, Neil Hair and Moira Clark (2011) identified online
purchase in particular continues to rise, as adoption and penetration levels of Internet technology
continuously increase. At same time, technology has enhanced the capacity of online companies
to collect, store, maintains, transfer and analyze vast amount of data from about the consumer
getting standardized, specifications getting fixed and the concept of service getting eroded, the
post-sale responsibility of the retailer has come down drastically. Hence customers go to stores
to explore the product physically detail but by online at a cheaper rate. Heavy discounts of e-
Day-by-day taste, preference and choices are varying regarding different factors such as
the Internet emergence. However, this development needs some more understanding related to
the consumer’s behavior. Consumer behavior research identifies a general model of buying
behavior that depicts the processes used by consumers in making a purchase decision
Consumer attitudes toward online shopping usually been determined by two factors; one
is trust, and another is perceived benefits (Hoque, Ali, & Mahfuz, 2015). Therefore, trust and
perceived benefits seem to be the critical conjectures of consumer behavior toward online
shopping (Al-Debei, Akroush, & Ashouri, 2015; Hajli, 2014). Moreover, information quality,
delivery, self-consciousness, state of mind, the consumer’s time sense and customer service are
strongly predictive of online shopping satisfaction (Katawetawaraks, C., & Wang, C. L. (2011)
The information quality and purchase quality linked with the post-purchase quality are
Harun, 2013Vegiayan, K. D., Ming, C. W., & Harun, M. L. O. (2013). However, brand image
and quality of products, goodwill of country of origin also influence significantly on purchase
intention of online products (Haque et al., 2015). Moreover, online data extraction about the
products, services along with the historical data for individual customers is ingredient element to
choose an online store or make re-purchase decision (Liao, Chu, Chen, & Chang, 2012).
(Huseynov, F., & Yıldırım, S. Ö. (2014), online shopping has unique characteristics. They
emphasized that the lack of physical interaction tends to be the critical impediment in online
retail sales followed by the privacy of individual information and security of financial
transactions over the Internet. Demangeot, C., & Broderick, A. J. (2010) also revealed that
perceived ease of use does not affect the behavioral pattern in this case rather influenced by
security and privacy issues. No relationship is built between the customer and the online shop in
the presence of perceived online risk even if a customer spent hours on the Internet (Zuroni &
As stated in Hsu and Bayarsaikhan (2012), the auther focused on the consumers’
more about the product. Second, perceived benefit refers to shopping convenience the pleasure
one expects to get from the product, more opportunity for product selection, and the ease/comfort
of shopping. The convenience in shopping online and the user-friendly features of an online
selling platform served to increase an individual’s intention to buy (Hsu & Bayarsaikhan 2012).
In line with this, the availability of the item’s information, quality, and wide variety of options
are what make the consumer’s online shopping experience convenient (Santana & Loureiro,
2010). Third, perceived risk refers to the undesirable consequence and uncertainty involved in
As mentioned on the previous studies, consumer characteristics and habits mostly focus
on trust, perceived risk, attitude towards online purchasing, subjective norms, perceived self-
efficacy, personal innovativeness, and satisfaction from online purchasing. Trust is one of the
most important dimensions in the majority of the studies. Consumers’ trust in vendors or
websites (i.e., consumers’ evaluations of websites or vendor trustworthiness) plays a crucial role
in online shopping. Lack of trust has a negative impact on online purchase intentions.
On Online Shopping Experience
The online shopping experience and its impacts on online shopping (conversion and
repurchase) have attracted increasing attention in academic research (Pentina, Amialchuk, and
Taylor, 2011; Rose et al., 2012). However, there is no consensus on what the ‘online shopping
experience’ (OSE) lived by the consumers is. It refers either to the prior online experiences,
measured by the frequency of use (Pentina, Amialchuk; and Taylor 2011) or the purchase
experience ‘OCE’ (verhoef, 2009; Rose et al., 2012) or the internal state of consumers
In recent article, Michaud-Trevinal and Stenger (2014) define the online shopping
experience with a different perspective. They consider that it is not the memory of past
experiences, but the actual experience lived by the consumers when they shop online. Moreover,
their definition covers all the aspects of online shopping as it refers to the search of information,
The online shopping experience and its impacts on online shopping (conversion and
repurchase) have attracted increasing attention in academic research (Pentina, Amialchuk, and
Taylor, 2011; Rose et al., 2012). However, there is no consensus on what the ‘online shopping
experience’ (OSE) lived by the consumers is. It refers either to the prior online experiences,
measured by the frequency of use (Pentina, Amialchuk, and Taylor, 2011) or the purchase
experience ‘OCE’ (Verhoef, 2009; Rose et al., 2012), or the internal state of consumers
(Mosteller, Donthub, and Eroglu, 2014). In a recent article, Michaud-Trévinal and Stenger
(2014) define the online shopping experience with a different perspective. They consider that it
is not the memory of past experiences, but the actual experience lived by the consumers when
they shop online. Moreover, their definition covers all the aspects of online shopping as it refers
to the search of information, relation, browsing, and purchase. In doing so, this definition of OSE
also covers infra-ordinary experiences. However, this first conceptualization has not been
operationalized nor empirically tested through a quantitative process yet. Indeed, the literature
that emphasizes the importance for retailers to focus on experience often lacks both the
definitions of central concepts and empirical support (Bäckström and Johansson, 2006;
Bäckström, 2011).
The online shopping experience and its impacts on online shopping (conversion and
repurchase) have attracted increasing attention in academic research (Pentina, Amialchuk, and
Taylor, 2011; Rose et al., 2012). However, there is no consensus on what the ‘online shopping
experience’ (OSE) lived by the consumers is. It refers either to the prior online experiences,
measured by the frequency of use (Pentina, Amialchuk, and Taylor, 2011) or the purchase
experience ‘OCE’ (Verhoef, 2009; Rose et al., 2012), or the internal state of consumers
(Mosteller, Donthub, and Eroglu, 2014). In a recent article, Michaud-Trévinal and Stenger
(2014) define the online shopping experience with a different perspective. They consider that it
is not the memory of past experiences, but the actual experience lived by the consumers when
they shop online. Moreover, their definition covers all the aspects of online shopping as it refers
to the search of information, relation, browsing, and purchase. In doing so, this definition of OSE
also covers infra-ordinary experiences. However, this first conceptualization has not been
operationalized nor empirically tested through a quantitative process yet. Indeed, the literature
that emphasizes the importance for retailers to focus on experience often lacks both the
definitions of central concepts and empirical support (Bäckström and Johansson, 2006;
Bäckström, 2011). The online shopping experience and its impacts on online shopping
(conversion and repurchase) have attracted increasing attention in academic research (Pentina,
Below are the factors that contribute to online shopping habits and experiences:
A collection of five-star ratings can do amazing things for online sellers. As a result,
some authors have confessed to posting fake reviews; see “Fake Reviews: Amazon’s Rotten
Core”. Others are now offering a refund to customers, in exchange for a write-up; see “For $2 a
Star, an Online Retailer Gets 5-Star Product Reviews”. Ways to Reduce Your Risk – Be
skeptical of reviews that lack detail, or are too positive. Social media sites like Facebook,
Twitter, and Yelp may provide a stronger, direct relationship to people’s opinions. Check the
source. Does it link to the reviewer’s profile and previous reviews, or a social media page that
shows the reviewer is real? Dina Rezvanipour, CEO of 3d Public Relations and Marketing says,
“I always recommend my clients focus on customer interactions on their facebook and twitter, it
helps reduce their risk of people assuming skeptical comments and build a relationship with their
customers.” Finally read reviews on multiple platforms (e.g. Amazon and epinions.com).
Additional fees like shipping may be hidden until late in the checkout process. For
example, I was recently stung by Consumer Reports’ price comparison engine after it suggested
that the best place for me to buy a laptop with free delivery was TigerDirect.com, which is
owned by Systemax. When I neared the end of the purchase process, the fine print said I’d have
to spend $49.99 on a year membership, to get the “free” shipping. What’s worse, I then learned it
would cost $189.99 more for Microsoft’s software. This meant the actual cost was 20% greater
than I was led to believe. Ways to Reduce Your Risk – Remember there is “no free lunch”, in
other words you’re going to pay for delivery one way or the other. Don’t expect software to
come with the computer. Finally, don’t use TigerDirect or ConsumerReports’ comparison
engine.
On Counterfeit Goods
Even Jeff Bezos‘Amazon is having difficulty keeping counterfeits off its site. We know
this because a California appellate court recently opined on Amazon’s efforts to police
counterfeit goods sold by its third-party merchants. The decision was noteworthy because
Amazon has been using a lower “Policing” standard than set by the court in Tiffany v. eBay.
Ways to Reduce Your Risk – If the price is too good to be true, it probably is. Research the third-
party seller or website you are buying from. Don’t be afraid to ask lots and lots of questions.
Each time I’ve shopped on Amazon.com or Walmart.com, my order has arrived on time.
Given the amount of business both companies do, I’m sure everyone won’t be as lucky. For
example, I found an Epinions review titled, “Packages get lost in mail or stolen in Walmart.com
warehouse”. I believe the likelihood of an order not arriving, increases when third party sellers
(e.g. Marketplace Retailers) become involved. Ways to Reduce Your Risk – Size matters. When
According to The US Department of Justice, identity theft and fraud are terms used to
refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person’s
personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain. For
example, if someone steals your debit card number, your entire checking account is exposed.
Within minutes, identity thieves can drain your account and set you back financially for years.
Ways To Reduce Your Risk - Just remember the word “SCAM”. Be (S)tingy about giving out
your personal information to others unless you have a reason to trust them, regardless of where
you are. (C)heck your financial information regularly and look for what should be there and what
shouldn’t. (A)sk periodically for a copy of your credit report. (M)aintain careful records of your
On Usefulness
Online shopping is fast gaining huge popularity, and this is all because of the endless
innovations taking place in the field of technology. The success of an online business is
dependent on some factors, and there is no single recipe to becoming a successful online
businessman. Convenience is one of the most important keywords associated with the benefits
fetched from online shopping. People who shop online do not need to go through the hassle of
Online shopping is highly useful because it offers people the convenience of shopping for
their favorite trends without stepping out of their comfort zones. In the recent times, online
shopping has gained huge importance among people mainly because of the following factors:
At the online stores, there are innumerable options available for every product. This is
because different vendors are operating on the same shopping sites thus giving people the
Online shoppers are offered an abundance of different online portals where almost all the
Shoppers also get the flexibility of comparing prices from different retailers.
One of the best things about online shopping is that it gives people the option of shopping
any time of the day or the night. This is because the online shopping portals are available.
Majority of the online shopping portals deliver products within three working days and
On Conveniency
Conveniency is the most important benefits as anyone can buy things by just sitting at
home and spending some time with laptops and mobile phones. You can do shopping in minutes
at any time without standing in a long queue. Online shopping also provides great benefits for
ladies and old age people as it becomes easy for them to buy things without wasting energy.
Online shopping provides you an opportunity to purchase wide range of products of your
choices. You can shop various products with ease and comfort. Even you can shop products in
bulk from online wholesale supply store if you are running a restaurant or doing a retail business.
On Better prices
Online shopping offers better prices on the products as compared to the shopping we
normally do. It also provides great deals, coupons, and festive offers. Additionally, one can save
money on taxes.
Researching and the comparisons of the products of your choice become easy. You can
compare the products that you have to buy with various e-commerce sites for its price range,
It takes a few minutes to shop the products online and it saves a lot of time visiting the
shop and searching for products, standing in a queue for amount payment etc. It also reduces the
You can shop your products 365 days at any time. The availability of online shopping
The products that you order from online are delivered at your doorstep within 2 to 3 days
of ordering. There are also some options available in many of the online sites for urgent delivery.
On Scam or Risk
If you plan for shopping online there is some risk of getting cheated like credit card
If you are staying in the rural areas then the delivery of the product may take around 10 to
12 days. They may also sometimes charge extra amount as a delivery charge for the products or
sometimes the delivery option may be not available in the rural areas.
First of all, you will not be able to feel the product or material. If you are going for any
clothing purchase then there is a chance that there may be a color difference, difference in
clothing material as well as in the measurements. This could make you disappointed and create a
bad experience. But you are also provided with the return policy by some of the sites.
Customer Service
Whenever if you have any queries regarding the products or any other queries you may
not always get help from the customer service or reply on your instant chats.
If you don't have proper internet connectivity in your home, then the transaction may take
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter talks about the research methodology adopted in eight separate sections. The
first section discusses the research design of the study for various methods used in conducting
and analyzing data. Second section comes with the locale of the study to whom the study is
intended for. Third section discusses the respondents of the study which focuses specifically to
all potential respondents. The next five sections include the research instrument for the medium
or instrument used by the researcher, validity of the instrument, reliability of the instrument, data
gathering procedure and last but not the least, data analysis procedure.
This study will uncover the online shopping habits and experience of students and
professors and/or faculties of Carlos Hilado Memorial State College (CHMSC) – Fortune
Research Design
research is generally given to the study of the overall statistical results obtained and carried out,
which has characteristics of exploratory, diagnostic and predictive. The purpose of using this
method is not the pursuit of accurate conclusions, but simply to understand where the problem
located and to find out the situation, drawing the perceptions finally, and importantly the
information in this research method are shown in some kind figures (Saunders et al. 2012).
something that has the properties and contradictory changes in the movement to study
things from the internal regulations, besides, the major approaches in this research to collect data
This study adopts the descriptive-survey method of research. The purpose of this study is
to investigate the habits and the experiences of students, professors and/or faculties in Carlos
Hilado Memorial State College (CHMSC) situated at Fortune Towne in the Province of Negros
Occidental towards online shopping. The descriptive survey method, according to Saunders, et
al. (2003) defines method as one which looks with intense accuracy at the phenomena of the
moment and then describes precisely what the researcher sees. Descriptive research design is
describes a certain present condition. Relatively the method is appropriate to this study since it
aims to describe the repeated behavior (habits) and attitudes of potential customers in Carlos
The technique that has been used under descriptive method is the survey method which is
commonly used to explore opinions according to respondents that can represent a whole
population. The survey is appropriate in this study because it enables the researcher in
formulation of generalizations. The direct data type of survey is a reliable source of first-hand
information because the researcher directly interacts with the participants through answering
questions with the used of survey forms or questionnaires given by the researcher.
sampling. According to the American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics (2006), the
purposive sampling technique, also called judgment sampling, is the deliberate choice of a
participant due to the qualities the participant possesses. It is a nonrandom technique that does
not need underlying theories or a set number of participants. Simply put, the researcher decides
what needs to be known and sets out to find people who can and are willing to provide the
identify and select the information-rich cases for the most proper utilization of available
resources. This involves identification and selection of individuals or groups of individuals that
are proficient and well-informed with a phenomenon of interest. In addition, the idea behind
purposive sampling is to concentrate on people with particular characteristics who will better be
The study will be conducted to students in all levels, and professors and/or faculties in the
different departments of Carlos Hilado Memorial State College (CHMSC) – Fortune Towne.
The respondents of this study will be the students and professors and/or faculties of
Carlos Hilado Memorial State College (CHMSC) – Fortune Towne. The respondents will be
selected through purposive sampling. In this study, the researcher selected number of participants
comprising 100 students from all levels and 25 professors and/or faculties from the said school.
The respondents were visited personally in their rooms for students and in different
departments for professors/faculties to distribute, administer and collect the questionnaires. The
accomplished questionnaires and feedback gathered and collected will be the basis in completing
the study.
Table 1 shows the distribution of the respondents from Carlos Hilado Memorial State
College (CHMSC) situated – Fortune Towne Brgy. Estefania in Bacolod City in the Province of
Negros Occidental.
Table 1
Students:
First Year 25
Second Year 25
Third Year 25
Fourth Year 25
TOTAL 125
Research Instrument
Second part of the questionnaire will cover the habits of students and professors and/or faculties
in online shopping. Third part will focus on the students and professor and/or faculties
experiences in online shopping. The researcher decided to use the English language in
research, academe, and business and management to look at the content and format of the
questionnaire and judge whether or not they are appropriate. Valuable comments and suggestions
will be taken and applied to develop the questionnaire, in addition, the criteria set by Good and
Scates (1954) cited in Gregorio (2008) was used in validating tool to establish the capacity of the
questionnaire to measure what it intends to measure as this was used for the research study.
Reliability is the extent to which a measurement gives results that are consistent. A
measure is said to have high reliability, if it produces similar results under constant conditions.
Scores that is highly reliable, accurate, reproducible and consistent from one testing occasion to
another.
To establish the reliability of the research instrument with the permission from the
students and faculties, a pilot testing was conducted in the Carlos Hilado Memorial State
College. After the survey was conducted, the responses were listed and compiled.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers used the survey questionnaire to ask the online shoppers professionals on
their perception on online shopping. They also conducted a one-on-one interview with the
The permission from the faculties and students of the Carlos Hilado Memorial State
College of Fortune Towne Bacolod City will be secured and the researchers conducted to the 85
respondents of the Carlos Hilado Memorial State College to determine the habits about the
online shopping. The researchers will be giving brief instructions on how to answer and what to
fill out in the survey-questionnaire. There were enough copies of questionnaires that were
reproduced and distributed to the participants. The researchers will personally be administering
the questionnaires and requesting the participants to answer the 15 items in the survey-
questionnaire.
The data gathered, collected, tabulated, and interpreted using the tabular matrix for the
analysis. The study used in the processing of the data gathered which then examined, interpreted
variables age, sex, civil status, length of service, employment status, and total monthly income.
Mean Score Interpretation
1.41-2.40 Agree
DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
Age: ______
Educational Attainment:
⃝ College Level
⃝ College Graduate
⃝ Master’s Degree
⃝ Doctorate Degree
Instructions: Check the box that corresponds to your answer. Use the scaling below as your
guide.
10. I prefer online shopping only if online prices are lower than actual
price.
Instructions: Check the box that corresponds to your answer. Use the scaling below as your
guide.
5. The description of the product I seen on the website are very accurate.