30 Easy Chinese Characters to Jumpstart Your Language

Learning

1. 一 (yī)

English: One

The character for “one” in Chinese is simply one horizontal

stroke.

Incidentally, the characters for two 二 (èr) and three

三 (sān) are also simple horizontal strokes. One, two and three
are quite easy to remember, since one is one stroke, two is two
strokes, etc.

One in Chinese is used in references to the singular, such as a

single person 一个人(yī gè rén). For example:

我一个人来。(wǒ yī gè rén lái) I came here by myself.

One is also used when ordering or purchasing items, for

example:

我要一个。(wǒ yào yī gè) I would like one.

2. 人 (rén)

English: Man
The Chinese character for “man” is two simple strokes. The
character looks like a person with legs apart.

When you put two of these characters together, producing 人

人 (rén rén),the meaning is “everyone.” For example:

人人都爱喝可乐。 (rén rén dōu ài hē kě lè) Everyone loves

drinking soda.

3. 日 (rì)

English: Sun

The character for “sun” looks like a box with a line in the
middle. It’s supposed to approximate the image of the sun. You
might have to use a little imagination, but in ancient bronze
script, this character was more circular like the sun.

日 not only refers to the Earth’s source of light, but it also

means “day.” It’s used when talking about dates, e.g. 7 日 is the
seventh day of whatever month you’re talking about. If you put
two sun characters together 日日 (rì rì) it means “every day.”

4. 月 (yuè)

English: Moon
The character for “moon” originally resembled a crescent. If you
look at the oracle bone script you’ll see what I mean.

月 not only refers to the nightly crescent, but it also means

“month.” For example, 8 月 7 日 is how you’d write “August 7.”

You can write all the months in Chinese simply by putting a

numeral (or Chinese character if you like—either works) in
front of 月. Here are the names of January through March:

1月

2月

3月

Too easy, right?

5. 山 (shān)

English: Mountain

Can you tell that this character looks like a mountain

range? Check out the ancient script, and you’ll see that it has
much closer resemblance.

When combined with other characters, it means even more

things related to nature and scenery. For example, when
combined with the character for “water,” 水 (shǔi), you get 山
水 (shān shǔi), which means “landscape.”

Therefore 山水画 (shān shǔi huà) refers to a landscape painting.

Check out how the character for “painting” or “drawing,”
画 (huà), looks like a little picture in a frame!

6. 水 (shǔi)

English: Water

The character for “water” resembles a drip with some splashes.

It was much more watery-looking thousands of years ago.

To make use of another character we already learned (一),

“one glass of water” is 一杯水 (yī bēi shǔi). To ask for a glass
of water, you could say:

请给我一杯水。(qǐng gěi wǒ yī bēi shǔi) Please give me a glass

of water.

7. 大 (dà)

English: Big

See how the character for “big” looks like a person with arms
and legs spread wide?
When we combine 大 with another character we just learned
(人) we get 大人 (dà rén) which means “adult,” or literally,
“big man.” However, FYI, a child isn’t called “little man.”

You could describe a big mountain as 大山 (dà shān). This, of

course, is also the name of famous Chinese-speaking
comedian Mark Roswell.

University is called 大学 (dà xué), literally “big school.”

8. 小 (xiǎo)

English: Small

Since we learned “big,” we have to learn its opposite, 小. Can

you guess what “elementary school” is in Chinese? It’s 小
学 (xiǎo xué) or “little school.”

Note that 小 (xiǎo) only refers to size. When we talk about

small amounts, we say 少 (shǎo).

On another note, 小姐 (xiǎo jiě) means “lady.”

9. 口 (kǒu)

English: Mouth
The character for “mouth” looks just like an opening. Here are
some common phrases that use this character:

大口 (dà kǒu) big mouthful

出口 (chū kǒu) exit

人口 (rén kǒu) population

山口 (shān kǒu) mountain pass

10. 火 (hǔo)

English: Fire

Check out this flaming character’s evolution from the bone

script version. Very cool. Here are some ways to use this
character:

大火 (dà hǔo) big flame and 小火 (xiǎo hǔo) small flame, refer
to heat levels for cooking; you might see these in recipes

火车 (hǔo chē) train

山火 (shān hǔo) forest fire

11. 男 (nán)

English: Boy
The character for “boy” is actually the combination of
田 (tián) farm and 力 (lì) work, referring to how traditionally
men worked the land. You’ll see this character on the door of
public washrooms. Here are a couple more instances using this
character:

男人 (nán rén) man

男友 (nán yǒu) boyfriend

12. 女 (nǚ)

English: Girl

This character kind of looks like a lady with her legs

crossed. Check out its interesting evolution throughout history.
Here are two examples of how to use this character:

美女 (měi nǚ) pretty girl

少女 (shào nǚ) young lady

13. 天 (tiān)

English: Sky
Notice how the shape of this character points upwards, towards
the sky. Two of these characters together 天天 (tiān
tiān) means “every day” as well.

The four seasons are written as:

春天 (chūn tiān) spring

夏天 (xià tiān) summer

秋天 (qīu tiān) fall

冬天 (dōng tiān) winter

There’s also:

今天 (jīn tiān) today

昨天 (zúo tiān) yesterday

明天 (míng tiān) tomorrow

14. 牛 (níu)

English: Cow

This character looks like an animal with horns. Here are a

couple ways we use this character:

牛肉 (níu ròu) beef

牛比 (níu bǐ) awesome; we’re not sure what cows have to do
with awesomeness, but maybe it’s kind of like “holy cow!” in
English.

15. 马 (mǎ)

English: Horse

The horse character resembles an animal with running legs and a

long neck. It went through several iterations throughout history.
Here are two more common uses of this character:

马上 (mǎ shàng) immediately

人马 (rén mǎ) troops, literally “men and horses”

16. 羊 (yáng)

English: Sheep

Do you think this character looks like an animal with antlers?

Here’s how we use this character:

山羊 (shān yáng) mountain sheep / goat

羊毛 (yáng máo) fleece

17. 木 (mù)

English: Wood

This nature-associated character resembles a tree. Here are two

examples of associated vocabulary:

木瓜 (mù guā) papaya

木琴 (mù qín) xylophone

18. 工 (gōng)

English: Work

This I-beam character appears in many work-related terms as

well. Here’s where you might see it:

工作 (gōng zùo) job

工人 (gōng rén) worker

木工 (mù gōng) woodwork / carpentry

19. 开 (kāi)

English: Open

This word can also mean “to start.” We use this character in
these ways:
开刀 (kāi dāo) surgery

开工 (kāi gōng) start work

开口 (kāi kǒu) speak up

20. 心 (xīn)

English: Heart

We’re not totally sure, but perhaps this character looks a little
like the organ it refers to. What do you think? Here’s how to use
this character:

小心 (xiǎo xīn) be careful

开心 (kāi xīn) happy

21. 门 (mén)

English: Door

This character does bear a striking resemblance to a doorway,

doesn’t it? Here are a couple more uses of this character:

门口 (mén kǒu) doorway

开门 (kāi mén) open the door

22. 不 (bù)

English: No

Although this character means “no,” we don’t usually use it by

itself. We usually say 不是 (bù shì) for “no” and “not correct”
or 不好 (bù hǎo) for “no” or “not good.”

不少 (bù shǎo) literally translates to “not few,” and so in other

words means “a lot.”

23. 十 (shí)

English: Ten

Ten in Chinese is a very versatile word. For example, 十分 (shí

fēn) means “very much.”

In counting, all the teen digits use ten as the base, that is:

十一 (shí yī) eleven

十二 (shí èr) twelve

十三 (shí sān) thirteen

十四 (shí sì) fourteen

十五 (shí wǔ) fifteen

Furthermore, 20 is 二十 (èr shí) or “two tens,” 30 is 三十 (sān
shí) “three tens,” 50 is 五十 (wǔ shí) and the pattern continues
like this until you reach 90, which is 九十 (jǐu shí).

But just so you know, 100 is not “ten-tens,” it’s just 一百 (yī
bǎi).

24. 手 (shǒu)

English: Hand

Can you guess how this character resembles its meaning? Check
out the lines in the palm of your hand! Here are more ways to
use this character:

手工 (shǒu gōng) handicraft

一手 (yī shǒu) single-handedly / by oneself

水手 (shǔi shǒu) sailor

25. 王 (wáng)

English: King

Wang 王 (wáng) is a popular last name; for example 王力

宏 (wáng lì hóng)Leehom Wang is the name of a popular singer
and actor.
There’s also 王子 (wáng zǐ), which means “prince.”

26. 米 (mǐ)

English: Rice

Now for the word that refers to the food staple and the Chinese
cultural icon! Here are more cases of the character for “rice”:

玉米 (yù mǐ) corn

白米 (bái mǐ) white rice or refined rice for eating

27. 生 (shēng)

English: Birth

The word “birth” also refers to life and the start of something.
Here are some of the many ways to use it:

生日 (shēng rì) birthday

一生 (yī shēng) one’s whole life

先生 (xiān shēng) mister; e.g. 王先生 (wáng xiān shēng) Mr.

Wang

出生 (chū shēng) be born

生气 (shēng qì) get angry

28. 中 (zhōng)

English: Center

This is an important character because it’s part of China’s name.

It also looks like what it means: a line through the center of
something. You’ll see this character used in these ways, among
others:

中国 (zhōng gúo) China; literally meaning “Middle Kingdom”

中文 (zhōng wén) Chinese

中午 (zhōng wǔ) noon

中学 (zhōng xué) high school

29. 上 (shàng)

English: Up

Three strokes make up this character that looks like it’s pointing
up. This character also refers to attending something or going
somewhere. Here’s how we use it:

上课 (shàng kè) go to class

上班 (shàng bān) go to work

晚上 (wǎn shàng) in the evening

早上 (zǎo shàng) in the morning

爱上 (ài shàng) fall in love; note that in Chinese, we don’t “fall”

in love with someone, we love “upon” someone!

上车 (shàng chē) get in the car

30. 下 (xià)

English: Down

This simple character looks like a downward arrow. It also

refers to leaving or getting off someplace.

下班 (xià bān) get off work

下课 (xià kè) get off class

下车 (xià chē) get out of the car

This solid list of easy Chinese characters should get you well on
your way to becoming a language superstar!